A vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system and its operation method

Abstract

This invention provides a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system and its operation method, belonging to the field of oil extraction. It addresses the problems of existing heavy oil viscosity reduction methods, such as the need for continuous heating leading to heat waste, uncontrollable catalyst reaction pathways, lack of in-situ reaction conditions, and high risks associated with hydrogen transportation. This invention includes a mixing subsystem, an injection subsystem, an in-situ reaction subsystem, and an intelligent control subsystem. The mixing subsystem mixes and heats the initial feedstock before injecting it into the in-situ reaction subsystem via the injection subsystem. In-situ hydrogen treatment reduces contact with oxygen in the air, effectively improving system safety. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated in the cracking reaction zone react as reactants in the synthesis reaction zone, achieving partitioned activation and dynamic synergy of catalytic cracking and synthesis reactions within the formation, effectively realizing reaction cycling. The inclusion of a heat feedback zone avoids heat waste and offers better economic value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil extraction technology, and more specifically, to a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy and extra-heavy oils occupy an important position in the global energy structure due to their abundant reserves. However, due to their high viscosity, low fluidity, and low API strength, they are difficult to develop effectively through conventional water injection or cold extraction methods, often requiring thermal enhanced recovery (EOR) technology to improve recoverability. Currently, the most widely used thermal recovery methods in industry mainly include circulating steam huff and puff (CSS) and steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), which reduce reservoir viscosity by injecting high-temperature steam, thereby enhancing crude oil fluidity and improving recovery rates.

[0003] While the aforementioned thermal technologies have achieved some success in shallow heavy oil development, they still face limitations when dealing with deep, low-permeability, heterogeneous, or highly heat-sensitive heavy oil formations. In recent years, some studies have attempted to introduce underground catalytic reaction pathways into the thermal recovery process. These pathways utilize the cracking of hydrogen-containing compounds such as methanol to generate hydrogen and CO, thereby driving in-situ cracking or lightening reactions of the heavy oil. These pathways also possess thermochemical characteristics and are considered a key direction for the evolution of thermal recovery towards "reactive-enhanced recovery" (ReOR).

[0004] CN101297021A discloses a method for generating a mixed fluid from a hydrocarbon-bearing formation through thermal treatment and then performing catalytic cracking and distillation on the ground. This technology obtains the original fluid through underground heating and then improves the component quality through multi-stage cracking reactions on the ground. However, the entire cracking process is carried out on the ground, and the problem of underground reaction activation and control remains unsolved.

[0005] CN101466914B proposes using multiple horizontal or inclined heaters to perform stratified heating of hydrocarbon formations, and improving heat transfer efficiency through an isolation layer. This scheme is applicable to pyrolysis displacement processes, but does not include any technical features related to chemical reaction processes, catalyst injection, or reaction pathway control.

[0006] It is evident that the research focus of existing publicly available solutions remains at the level of "one-way heat input" or "surface reaction processing." The technical capabilities are severely lacking in areas such as how to construct a controllable underground reaction environment, achieve chemical pathway coupling and reaction heat feedback, and optimize control response behavior through artificial intelligence. This makes it difficult to meet the high level of integration and adjustability required for the development of deep and complex heavy oil.

[0007] Specifically, the prior art has key problems and defects related to the present invention in the following aspects:

[0008] (1) The catalytic cracking pathway has not been implemented in situ. The current scheme still relies on ground reactors for catalytic conversion, which fails to build a controllable and stable reaction environment in the formation, resulting in high energy consumption, low efficiency and high system complexity.

[0009] (2) The catalyst placement method lacks segmented controllability. In the existing process, the catalyst is usually mixed with the fracturing proppant and injected, which cannot achieve selective activation in different formation temperature zones, and it is also difficult to maintain high-temperature stability and long-term activity.

[0010] (3) The thermo-chemical energy has not achieved internal circulation. Exothermic reactions (such as...) The heat released from the reaction was not systematically introduced into the cracking reaction zone, and the endothermic demand of reactants such as methanol could not be compensated by itself. The system had to continuously rely on external heating, resulting in low thermal efficiency.

[0011] (4) Lack of dynamic sensing capability in the reaction pathway. Existing technologies lack formation condition monitoring methods and cannot monitor temperature, product fluid composition (e.g., Key variables such as these prevent the reaction pathway from being adjusted in a closed loop based on the dynamic state.

[0012] (5) Changes in CO concentration cannot be predicted and compensated. When CO is insufficient, there is a lack of independent safety injection and leakage monitoring mechanisms, the reaction chain is easily interrupted, resulting in yield fluctuations or thermal feedback failure, and poor system stability.

[0013] The root cause of the above problems is that existing thermal recovery systems typically adopt a unidirectional injection + fixed parameter control operation mode, which cannot adapt to the heterogeneity of the formation and the high sensitivity of reaction dynamics, nor has it introduced an artificial intelligence decision-making system with adaptive control capabilities.

[0014] This invention aims to solve the following key technical problems existing in current heavy oil thermal recovery technologies:

[0015] (1) Existing thermal recovery technologies have low thermal efficiency and limited coverage in deep or heterogeneous heavy oil reservoirs, resulting in uneven formation heating and low production.

[0016] (2) Ground-based catalytic cracking schemes have problems such as hydrogen safety risks and large energy transmission losses, making it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient and stable deep reactions;

[0017] (3) The catalytic reaction pathway in the formation is uncontrollable, the catalyst is difficult to deploy stably, and there is a lack of in-situ controllable cracking and synthesis reaction conditions, resulting in low chemical conversion rate;

[0018] (4) The lack of an effective thermo-chemical energy coupling mechanism makes it impossible to construct a sustainable reaction heat feedback loop within the formation, which affects the sustainability of the cracking reaction;

[0019] (5) Traditional control systems have a slow response and are difficult to adapt to dynamically changing geological conditions. They lack injection optimization and response control methods based on real-time data. Summary of the Invention

[0020] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is:

[0021] To address the problems of continuous heating required for viscosity reduction of heavy oil, resulting in wasted heat source; uncontrollable catalyst reaction pathways and lack of in-situ reaction conditions; and high risks associated with hydrogen transportation.

[0022] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0023] This invention provides a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system, comprising a mixing subsystem, an injection subsystem, and an in-situ reaction subsystem.

[0024] The mixing subsystem is a vehicle-mounted system. The mixing subsystem includes a methanol storage tank, a catalyst feed tank, a deionized water storage tank, a primary mixing module, a heating module, and a secondary mixing module. The methanol, catalyst, and deionized water are fed into the primary mixing module in proportion for initial mixing. The heating module is used for initial heating. The heated mixture is then transported to the secondary mixing module for secondary mixing.

[0025] The in-situ reaction subsystem is located underground and includes, from top to bottom, a synthesis reaction zone, a heat feedback zone, and a pyrolysis reaction zone. The pyrolysis reaction zone is equipped with a pyrolysis heater for initial supplementary heating and is used for endothermic pyrolysis reactions. The products generated in the pyrolysis reaction zone are transported to the synthesis reaction zone via an injection subsystem, where they undergo an exothermic reaction. The heat feedback zone is used to transfer the heat released from the synthesis reaction zone to the pyrolysis reaction zone, replacing the supplementary heating provided by the pyrolysis heater.

[0026] The mixture obtained from the mixing subsystem is transported to the in-situ reaction subsystem via the injection subsystem. The injection subsystem includes a main delivery pipeline and branch delivery pipelines. The main delivery pipeline is connected to multiple branch delivery pipelines. The main delivery pipeline is equipped with multiple segment packers to divide the main delivery pipeline into synthesis reaction section, thermal feedback section, and pyrolysis reaction section, which correspond one-to-one with the synthesis reaction zone, thermal feedback zone, and pyrolysis reaction zone. In the synthesis reaction section, a portion of the branch delivery pipelines are connected to the synthesis reaction zone, and in the pyrolysis reaction section, another portion of the branch delivery pipelines are connected to the pyrolysis reaction zone. Both the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipelines are equipped with delivery pumps and control valves.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes a dosage pump assembly, which is installed on the methanol storage tank, catalyst feed tank, and deionized water storage tank to control the intake of methanol, catalyst, and deionized water.

[0028] Furthermore, the heat conduction process in the heat feedback zone is calculated using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model:

[0029]

[0030] in: For temperature rise; This refers to the amount of heat released per unit area during the reaction. This represents the distance between the synthesis reaction zone and the pyrolysis reaction zone. is the thermal conductivity of the rock formation.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes a CO replenishment pipeline and a catalyst replenishment pipeline, both of which are connected to the main delivery pipeline. The CO replenishment pipeline is equipped with a CO delivery pump, and the catalyst replenishment pipeline is equipped with a catalyst delivery pump. The CO replenishment pipeline is used to replenish CO to the synthesis reaction zone, and the catalyst replenishment pipeline is used to deliver the catalyst composite support to the cracks in the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone before the reaction begins.

[0032] Furthermore, the catalyst composite support is a hollow or porous support material carrying the catalyst, wherein the hollow or porous support material is ceramsite, quartz sand or magnetic spheres, and the catalyst is a Ni-Fe catalyst.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent control subsystem, including a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a component sensor, and a controller. The temperature sensor is located in the cracking reaction zone to monitor the temperature of the cracking reaction zone. The component sensor is located at the inlet of the main delivery pipeline to monitor the concentration of each component at the wellhead. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure inside the wellbore.

[0034] The input terminals of the controller are connected to the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, and component sensor, respectively.

[0035] For the temperature control section, the output of the controller is connected to the pyrolysis heater. The real-time temperature of the pyrolysis reaction zone is monitored by a temperature sensor. In the initial stage, the pyrolysis heater is turned on. After the temperature rise of the synthesis reaction zone is calculated to meet the reaction temperature using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model through the controller's built-in algorithm, the pyrolysis heater is turned off, and the heat generated in the synthesis reaction zone is used to supplement the heating of the pyrolysis feedback zone.

[0036] For the component control section, the controller's output is connected to the dosing pump group, the initial mixing module, the heating module, the secondary mixing module, the CO delivery pump, the catalyst delivery pump, the segmented packer, and the control valves and delivery pumps located on the main delivery pipeline and the sub-delivery pipelines. In the preparation stage, the controller controls the dosing pump group to draw methanol, catalyst, and deionized water to the initial mixing module for mixing, followed by heating and secondary mixing. It also controls the catalyst delivery pump to deliver the catalyst composite support to the synthesis reaction zone and the pyrolysis reaction zone. In the initial stage, the controller controls the main delivery pipelines located in the synthesis reaction zone, the thermal feedback zone, and the pyrolysis reaction zone to be in a connected state, while closing the sub-delivery pipelines in the synthesis reaction zone and opening the sub-delivery pipelines in the pyrolysis reaction zone. The mixed and heated liquid is injected into the pyrolysis reaction zone. After all delivery is completed, the main delivery pipeline and the sub-delivery pipelines in the pyrolysis reaction zone are closed. After a period of reaction, the main delivery pipelines and sub-delivery pipelines in the synthesis reaction zone, the thermal feedback zone, and the pyrolysis reaction zone are opened, and CO and H2 are pumped into the synthesis reaction zone through the delivery pumps on the sub-delivery pipelines for continuous reaction.

[0037] Furthermore, when the component sensor detects the current CO concentration... Below the set threshold At that time, the CO delivery pump is activated via the controller to deliver CO to the synthesis reaction zone to replenish CO.

[0038] A method for operating a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system includes the following steps:

[0039] During the preparation stage, the catalyst composite support is transported to the gap between the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone through a catalyst delivery pump. In the mixing subsystem, methanol, catalyst and deionized water are initially mixed, heated and then mixed again.

[0040] In the initial stage, the mixture obtained from the mixing subsystem is transferred to the pyrolysis reaction zone through the injection subsystem, and the pyrolysis heater is turned on to allow the pyrolysis reaction zone to react. After a period of reaction, the pipeline connecting the pyrolysis reaction zone and the synthesis reaction zone is opened, so that the product generated in the pyrolysis reaction zone is transported to the synthesis reaction zone for reaction. The heat released during the reaction in the synthesis reaction zone is used to supplement the heat of the pyrolysis reaction zone through the heat feedback zone. When the supplemented heat can meet the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis reaction zone, the pyrolysis heater is turned off.

[0041] During the reaction phase, if insufficient CO concentration is detected, CO is transported to the synthesis reaction zone via a CO transfer pump to replenish the reactants; if insufficient H2 is detected, the mixture obtained from the mixing subsystem is re-input into the pyrolysis reaction zone.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0043] (1) The initial raw materials used above ground in this invention include only methanol, catalyst and deionized water. Hydrogen is generated in situ in the target formation (cracking reaction zone) and used to drive heavy oil cracking or light oil conversion reaction (synthesis reaction zone). It will not be transported back to the ground. Due to the flammable and explosive properties of hydrogen, the in-situ treatment of hydrogen can reduce contact with oxygen in the air and greatly improve the safety of the system. At the same time, carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated in the cracking reaction zone react as reactants in the synthesis reaction zone, realizing the partitioned activation and dynamic synergy of catalytic cracking and synthesis reaction in the formation, effectively realizing the reaction cycle and having economic value.

[0044] (2) The present invention constructs a composite reaction system with heat transfer capability. The heat released by the reaction in the synthesis reaction zone is transferred back to the cracking reaction zone through the formation medium, so that the cracking reaction layer reaches the heat required for the reaction, thereby enhancing the thermal stability and sustainability of deep catalytic cracking.

[0045] (3) The catalyst is injected and deposited in the fracture zone and synthesis zone in the form of a composite proppant during the fracturing operation to ensure its effective distribution and reactivity in the target fracture and pores;

[0046] (4) The vehicle-mounted heating and mixing system enables rapid on-site deployment and remote control of injection parameters, and is suitable for oil production scenarios where well site resources are limited or the operating environment is complex.

[0047] (5) The introduction of an intelligent control system, which adjusts the injection temperature, flow rate and component ratio in real time based on the formation condition, improves the system's adaptability and operational safety, and facilitates the overall control of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is the structure of a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the hybrid injection subsystem in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the catalyst composite proppant in an embodiment of the present invention and a schematic diagram of its arrangement in formation fractures;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the composite reaction pathway in the formation and the temperature rise synergistic mechanism driven by reaction exotherm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a logic block diagram of the intelligent control subsystem in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Specific Implementation Plan 1: Combining Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this invention provides a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system, including a mixing subsystem, an injection subsystem, an in-situ reaction subsystem, and an intelligent control subsystem.

[0055] The mixing subsystem is vehicle-mounted and includes a methanol storage tank, a catalyst feed tank, a deionized water storage tank, a primary mixing module, a heating module, and a secondary mixing module. Methanol, catalyst, and deionized water are fed into the primary mixing module in a specific ratio for initial mixing. The resulting mixture is then heated to 100℃-200℃ (not reaching the 220℃-280℃ required for the cracking reaction) using the heating module. The heated mixture is then transferred to the secondary mixing module for further mixing, ensuring uniform heat distribution. The heating module is a heater, and both the primary and secondary mixing modules are agitators.

[0056] It also includes a dosage pump set, which is installed on the methanol storage tank, catalyst feed tank and deionized water storage tank to control the amount of methanol, catalyst and deionized water;

[0057] The in-situ reaction subsystem is located underground and, from top to bottom, includes a synthesis reaction zone, a heat feedback zone, and a pyrolysis reaction zone. The pyrolysis reaction zone is located at the deepest point of the wellbore and is equipped with a pyrolysis heater for initial supplementary heating of the pyrolysis reaction zone, resulting in an endothermic pyrolysis reaction.

[0058]

[0059] The synthesis reaction zone is located in the upper middle section of the wellbore. CO and H2 generated in the pyrolysis reaction zone are transported to the synthesis reaction zone through the injection subsystem, where an exothermic reaction occurs.

[0060]

[0061] The methane generated in the synthesis reaction zone diffuses naturally, which can quickly crack heavy oil into light oil;

[0062] The heat feedback zone is used to transfer the heat released from the synthesis reaction zone to the pyrolysis reaction zone. It replaces the pyrolysis heater for supplementary heating on the basis of the initial heating of the mixing submodule. When the heat transferred by the heat feedback zone can reach the heat of the reaction in the pyrolysis reaction zone, the pyrolysis heater stops operating.

[0063] The heat conduction process in the heat feedback zone can be approximated by a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model:

[0064]

[0065] in: Temperature rise (K); The heat release per unit area of ​​reaction (kJ / m²). The distance between the synthesis reaction zone and the pyrolysis reaction zone (m); is the thermal conductivity of the strata rock (kJ / m·K);

[0066] Each mole of CO reacts and releases approximately 206 kJ of heat. Under the reaction conditions in the synthesis reaction zone, if 10 mol of CO participates in the reaction, theoretically 2060 kJ of heat can be released. This heat is conducted to the pyrolysis section below through the heat feedback zone, which can achieve a formation temperature rise of 30℃-140℃ (depending on the values ​​of L and λ), satisfying the thermal requirements of the CH3OH pyrolysis reaction.

[0067] The thermally mixed liquid obtained from the mixing subsystem is transported to the in-situ reaction subsystem via the injection subsystem. The injection subsystem includes a main delivery pipeline and branch delivery pipelines. The main delivery pipeline is connected to multiple branch delivery pipelines. Multiple segment packers are provided on the main delivery pipeline to divide the main delivery pipeline into a synthesis reaction section, a thermal feedback section, and a pyrolysis reaction section, which correspond one-to-one with the synthesis reaction zone, the thermal feedback zone, and the pyrolysis reaction zone. In the synthesis reaction section, a portion of the branch delivery pipelines are connected to the synthesis reaction zone. In the pyrolysis reaction section, another portion of the branch delivery pipelines are connected to the pyrolysis reaction zone. Both the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipelines are equipped with delivery pumps and control valves.

[0068] It also includes a CO replenishment pipeline and a catalyst replenishment pipeline, both connected to the main delivery pipeline. The CO replenishment pipeline is equipped with a CO delivery pump, and the catalyst replenishment pipeline is equipped with a catalyst delivery pump. The CO replenishment pipeline is used to replenish CO, and the catalyst replenishment pipeline is used to deliver the catalyst composite support to the cracks in the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone before the reaction begins. Figure 3 As shown, the catalyst composite support is a hollow or porous support material carrying the catalyst. The support material is a particulate material with high mechanical strength and heat resistance, such as ceramsite, quartz sand, or magnetic spheres, which can deposit the catalyst in the cracks of the reaction zone and the pyrolysis reaction zone, further accelerating the reaction. The catalyst is a Ni-Fe catalyst with a loading of 10wt%-15wt%.

[0069] It also includes an intelligent control subsystem, including a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a component sensor, and a controller. The temperature sensor is located in the cracking reaction zone to monitor the temperature of the cracking reaction zone. The component sensor is located at the inlet of the main delivery pipeline to monitor the concentration of each component at the wellhead, including the CO concentration. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure inside the wellbore.

[0070] The input terminals of the controller are connected to a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a component sensor, respectively. For the temperature control part, the controller is connected to the pyrolysis heater. The temperature sensor monitors the real-time temperature of the pyrolysis reaction zone. In the initial stage, the pyrolysis heater is turned on so that the pyrolysis reaction zone reaches the reaction temperature and generates CO and H2, which are input to the synthesis reaction zone for an exothermic reaction. The heat is transferred back to the pyrolysis reaction zone through the heat feedback zone. After the temperature rise calculated by the controller's built-in algorithm using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model meets the reaction temperature, the pyrolysis heater is turned off.

[0071] For the component control section, the controller's output is connected to the dosing pump group, the initial mixing module, the heating module, the secondary mixing module, the CO delivery pump, the catalyst delivery pump, the segmented packer, and control valves and delivery pumps located on the main delivery pipeline and the sub-delivery pipelines. In the preparation stage, the controller controls the dosing pump group to draw methanol, catalyst, and deionized water to the initial mixing module for mixing, followed by heating and secondary mixing. It also controls the catalyst delivery pump to deliver the catalyst composite support to the cracks in the synthesis reaction zone and the pyrolysis reaction zone. In the initial stage, the controller keeps the main delivery pipelines in the synthesis reaction section, the heat feedback section, and the pyrolysis reaction section connected, achieved by controlling the segmented packer, and closes the sub-delivery pipelines in the synthesis reaction zone and the pyrolysis reaction zone. The main delivery pipeline is opened, controlled by a valve on the pipeline, to inject the heated mixture into the pyrolysis reaction zone. After all delivery is complete, the main delivery pipeline and the sub-delivery pipeline to the pyrolysis reaction zone are closed, controlled by valves on these pipelines. After a period of reaction, the main delivery pipeline and sub-delivery pipelines located in the synthesis reaction zone, heat feedback zone, and pyrolysis reaction zone are opened. Pumps on the sub-delivery pipeline in the pyrolysis reaction zone pump CO and H2 along this route—from the sub-delivery pipeline in the pyrolysis reaction zone to the main delivery pipeline in the synthesis reaction zone, heat feedback zone, and pyrolysis reaction zone—into the synthesis reaction zone, where the reaction continues. When the component sensor detects the current CO concentration... concentrations below the set threshold At that time, the CO delivery pump is activated via the controller to deliver CO to the synthesis reaction zone to replenish CO.

[0072] Specific Implementation Scheme Two: This invention provides an operation method for a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system, including the following steps:

[0073] During the preparation stage, the catalyst composite support is transported to the gap between the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone through a catalyst delivery pump. In the mixing subsystem, methanol, catalyst and deionized water are initially mixed, heated and then mixed again.

[0074] In the initial stage, the mixture obtained from the mixing subsystem is transferred to the pyrolysis reaction zone through the injection subsystem, and the pyrolysis heater is turned on to allow the pyrolysis reaction zone to react. The pipeline connecting the pyrolysis reaction zone and the synthesis reaction zone is opened so that the products generated in the pyrolysis reaction zone can be transported to the synthesis reaction zone for reaction. The heat released during the reaction in the synthesis reaction zone is used to supplement the heat of the pyrolysis reaction zone through the heat feedback zone. When the supplemented heat can meet the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis reaction zone, the pyrolysis heater is turned off.

[0075] During the reaction phase, if the CO concentration is insufficient, CO is transported to the synthesis reaction zone via a CO transfer pump to replenish the reactants; if the H2 is insufficient, the mixture obtained from the mixing subsystem is re-input into the pyrolysis reaction zone to avoid using H2 on the ground, which greatly improves the safety factor of the system.

[0076] The other combinations and connections in this implementation scheme are the same as in Specific Implementation Scheme 1.

[0077] experiment

[0078] Experiment A: Adaptation of Deep, High-Temperature, and High-Pressure Heavy Oil Wells (Standard Parameter Operating Conditions)

[0079] This system was deployed in a heavy oil reservoir with a depth of 2800 m, a reservoir temperature of approximately 80℃, and a formation pressure of 28 MPa. The composite thermo-chemical medium prepared by the vehicle-mounted platform had a composition ratio of methanol:deionized water:catalyst feed liquid = 3:1:0.2 (volume ratio). The mixture was heated to approximately 180℃ before injection. The Ni-Fe catalyst, in the form of ceramic particles, was simultaneously injected into the lower cracking reaction zone of the wellbore during the fracturing stage. The reaction temperature in the cracking section was maintained at 220℃-280℃. After intelligent control, the reaction path was stable, and the proportion of light components in the produced fluid was significantly increased.

[0080] Experiment B: Example of AI automatic compensation response when CO concentration is insufficient

[0081] During on-site production, monitoring data showed that the CO / H2 molar ratio in the synthesis section gradually decreased to 0.28. The intelligent control subsystem output control commands through the data acquisition and logic judgment module, activating the CO delivery valve to inject pre-stored CO gas into the synthesis reaction zone via a separate pipeline. This process was linked to the nitrogen purging device and leakage monitoring system to ensure that the injection process was sealed and met safety parameters. After adjustment, the CH4 content in the product liquid returned to the expected level, and the formation temperature rise curve stabilized again.

[0082] Experiment C: Case Study of Catalyst Adaptation Using Magnetic Microsphere Support Structure

[0083] To improve the controllability of catalyst deposition in the formation and the ability to track it visually in the later stages, magnetic porous ceramic microspheres with a particle size of 0.8 mm and a Ni-Fe catalyst loading of approximately 12 wt% were selected as the catalyst carrier in a low-permeability reservoir. These particles maintain good dispersion in the fracturing fluid and are uniformly distributed in the fractures after being pushed to the formation by the high-pressure fluid. Their distribution range can be obtained by a ground magnetic field detector, which helps to determine the distribution location of the fracturing reaction zone and improves the accuracy of reaction efficiency control.

[0084] Experiment D: Example of temperature zone segmentation adaptation for multi-temperature zone composite oil layers

[0085] In a heterogeneous oil reservoir, a significant temperature gradient exists in the wellbore traversing the region. Based on geological logging data, the intelligent control subsystem configured the wellbore layout from bottom to top as follows: the bottom region is the cracking reaction zone (catalyst particle size 2.5 mm), the middle section is the thermal feedback zone (no catalyst injected), and the upper part is the synthesis reaction zone (particle size 0.6 mm, carrier is foam ceramic). After actual injection, the heat conduction path was established stably, and the CH4 production increased by approximately 42%, demonstrating a good performance of the thermal feedback mechanism.

[0086] The above embodiments demonstrate that the system of the present invention can be flexibly adjusted in structure and parameters according to different geological environments, injection parameters, and operational requirements, supporting the broad technical scope covered by the claims. The system of the present invention is a vehicle-mounted integrated design, capable of flexible deployment in resource-constrained or extreme environmental areas such as plateaus, deserts, and permafrost. The vehicle chassis is adapted to an off-road platform, and the hybrid electric module can support independent power supply in the field. The control systems of each module support remote control and parameter uploading, making it suitable for continuous operations in uninhabited areas, areas with long well site intervals, or areas where human access is inconvenient. For highly heat-sensitive, irregular, or multi-layered heavy oil formations, the system can regulate the injection rate and medium composition through the modeling and data prediction functions of the intelligent control subsystem, reducing the risk of irreversible formation damage and enabling visualized prediction of fracture propagation range, further ensuring the safe and stable response of the formation.

[0087] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system, characterized in that: It includes a mixing subsystem, an injection subsystem, and an in-situ reaction subsystem. The mixing subsystem is a vehicle-mounted system. The mixing subsystem includes a methanol storage tank, a catalyst feed tank, a deionized water storage tank, a primary mixing module, a heating module, and a secondary mixing module. The methanol, catalyst, and deionized water are fed into the primary mixing module in proportion for initial mixing. The heating module is used for initial heating. The heated mixture is then transported to the secondary mixing module for secondary mixing. The in-situ reaction subsystem is located underground and includes, from top to bottom, a synthesis reaction zone, a heat feedback zone, and a pyrolysis reaction zone. The pyrolysis reaction zone is equipped with a pyrolysis heater for initial supplementary heating and is used for endothermic pyrolysis reactions. The products generated in the pyrolysis reaction zone are transported to the synthesis reaction zone via an injection subsystem and undergo an exothermic reaction. The heat feedback zone is used to transfer the heat released from the synthesis reaction zone to the pyrolysis reaction zone, replacing the supplementary heating of the pyrolysis heater; The mixture obtained from the mixing subsystem is transported to the in-situ reaction subsystem via the injection subsystem. The injection subsystem includes a main delivery pipeline and branch delivery pipelines. The main delivery pipeline is connected to multiple branch delivery pipelines. Multiple segment packers are provided on the main delivery pipeline to divide the main delivery pipeline into a synthesis reaction section, a thermal feedback section, and a pyrolysis reaction section, which correspond one-to-one with the synthesis reaction zone, the thermal feedback zone, and the pyrolysis reaction zone. In the synthesis reaction section, a portion of the branch delivery pipelines are connected to the synthesis reaction zone. In the pyrolysis reaction section, another portion of the branch delivery pipelines are connected to the pyrolysis reaction zone. Both the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipelines are equipped with delivery pumps and control valves. The heat conduction process in the heat feedback zone is calculated using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model: in: For temperature rise; This refers to the amount of heat released per unit area during the reaction. This represents the distance between the synthesis reaction zone and the pyrolysis reaction zone. The thermal conductivity of the strata rocks; It also includes a CO replenishment pipeline and a catalyst replenishment pipeline, both of which are connected to the main delivery pipeline. The CO replenishment pipeline is equipped with a CO delivery pump, and the catalyst replenishment pipeline is equipped with a catalyst delivery pump. The CO replenishment pipeline is used to replenish CO to the synthesis reaction zone, and the catalyst replenishment pipeline is used to deliver the catalyst composite support to the cracks in the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone before the reaction begins.

2. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dosage pump set, which is installed on the methanol storage tank, catalyst feed tank and deionized water storage tank, and is used to control the intake of methanol, catalyst and deionized water.

3. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catalyst composite support is a hollow or porous support material carrying the catalyst, wherein the hollow or porous support material is ceramsite, quartz sand or magnetic spheres, and the catalyst is a Ni-Fe catalyst.

4. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an intelligent control subsystem, including a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a component sensor, and a controller. The temperature sensor is located in the cracking reaction zone to monitor the temperature of the cracking reaction zone. The component sensor is located at the inlet of the main delivery pipeline to monitor the concentration of each component at the wellhead. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure inside the wellbore. The input terminals of the controller are connected to the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, and component sensor, respectively. For the temperature control section, the output of the controller is connected to the pyrolysis heater. The real-time temperature of the pyrolysis reaction zone is monitored by a temperature sensor. In the initial stage, the pyrolysis heater is turned on. After the temperature rise of the synthesis reaction zone is calculated to meet the reaction temperature using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model through the controller's built-in algorithm, the pyrolysis heater is turned off, and the heat generated in the synthesis reaction zone is used to supplement the heating of the pyrolysis reaction zone. For the component control section, the controller's output is connected to the dosing pump group, the initial mixing module, the heating module, the secondary mixing module, the CO delivery pump, the catalyst delivery pump, the segmented packer, and the control valves and delivery pumps located on the main delivery pipeline and the sub-delivery pipelines. In the preparation stage, the controller controls the dosing pump group to draw methanol, catalyst, and deionized water to the initial mixing module for mixing, followed by heating and secondary mixing. It also controls the catalyst delivery pump to deliver the catalyst composite support to the synthesis reaction zone and the pyrolysis reaction zone. In the initial stage, the controller controls the main delivery pipelines located in the synthesis reaction zone, the thermal feedback zone, and the pyrolysis reaction zone to be in a connected state, while closing the sub-delivery pipelines in the synthesis reaction zone and opening the sub-delivery pipelines in the pyrolysis reaction zone. The mixed and heated liquid is injected into the pyrolysis reaction zone. After all delivery is completed, the main delivery pipeline and the sub-delivery pipelines in the pyrolysis reaction zone are closed. After a period of reaction, the main delivery pipelines and sub-delivery pipelines in the synthesis reaction zone, the thermal feedback zone, and the pyrolysis reaction zone are opened, and CO and H2 are pumped into the synthesis reaction zone through the delivery pumps on the sub-delivery pipelines for continuous reaction.

5. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the component sensor detects the current CO concentration Below the set threshold At that time, the CO delivery pump is activated via the controller to deliver CO to the synthesis reaction zone to replenish CO.

6. A method for operating a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: During the preparation stage, the catalyst composite proppant is transported to the cracks in the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone via a catalyst delivery pump. In the mixing subsystem, methanol, catalyst and deionized water are initially mixed, heated and then mixed again. In the initial stage, the mixture obtained from the mixing subsystem is transferred to the pyrolysis reaction zone through the injection subsystem, and the pyrolysis heater is turned on to allow the pyrolysis reaction zone to react. After a period of reaction, the pipeline connecting the pyrolysis reaction zone and the synthesis reaction zone is opened, so that the product generated in the pyrolysis reaction zone is transported to the synthesis reaction zone for reaction. The heat released during the reaction in the synthesis reaction zone is used to supplement the heat of the pyrolysis reaction zone through the heat feedback zone. When the supplemented heat can meet the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis reaction zone, the pyrolysis heater is turned off. During the reaction phase, if insufficient CO concentration is detected, CO is transported to the synthesis reaction zone via a CO transfer pump to replenish the reactants; if insufficient H2 is detected, the mixture obtained from the mixing subsystem is re-input into the pyrolysis reaction zone.

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