Automatically adjustable supporting device for coal mine tunnel wall surface

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatically adjustable supporting device for a coal mine roadway wall surface, and relates to the technical field of roadway supporting devices.The automatically adjustable supporting device comprises a main supporting plate, a wing plate, a supporting arm, a first hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of pressure sensors, a hydraulic driving system and a control system; the first axis is parallel to the main supporting plate and the wing plate; the top of the supporting arm is fixedly connected with the main supporting plate; the first hydraulic cylinder can drive the wing plate to rotate around a first axis relative to the main supporting plate; pressure sensors are arranged on the main supporting plate and the wing plates and used for detecting the pressure of the roadway roof. The hydraulic driving system is a power source for the first hydraulic cylinder and the supporting arm; the control system is in communication connection with the plurality of pressure sensors and the hydraulic driving system and can receive pressure information transmitted from the pressure sensors; the control system can also control the hydraulic driving system to work, and the supporting effect and the safety can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of roadway support devices, in particular to an automatically adjustable support device for a coal mine roadway wall. BACKGROUND

[0002] In underground engineering construction, roadway support is a key link to ensure engineering safety. Traditional roadway support methods have many drawbacks, such as poor adaptability of wood supports, rigid metal supports, etc., which cannot adjust the support force and angle in time according to the dynamic changes of roadway surrounding rock pressure. Under complex geological conditions, the surrounding rock pressure is unevenly distributed and changes at any time, and the traditional support is easily damaged due to excessive local pressure, leading to support failure and causing the risk of roadway collapse, threatening the safety of personnel life and affecting the progress of the project. Some support structures can only provide single-direction support force, and the support effect is limited, which is difficult to cope with the surrounding rock pressure in all directions. Like some simple anchor rod support, it can only limit the displacement of surrounding rock to a certain extent, but it cannot effectively control the larger pressure and complex deformation, resulting in serious deformation of the roadway and affecting the subsequent functions of ventilation, transportation, etc. With the development of underground engineering towards deeper and more complex directions, the demand for efficient, reliable and intelligent roadway support technology is increasingly urgent. The present application aims to solve the above problems and provide a new type of adjustable support device for roadway support, which can real-time perceive the change of surrounding rock pressure and accurately adjust the support state. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide an automatically adjustable support device for a coal mine roadway wall to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the support effect of the roof and improve the safety.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0005] The application provides an automatic adjustable supporting device for a coal mine roadway wall surface, comprising a main supporting plate, a wing plate, a supporting arm, a first hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of pressure sensors, a hydraulic drive system and a control system, the main supporting plate is used for supporting a roadway roof, the wing plate is used for supporting the roadway roof, one end of the wing plate is rotatably connected to the edge of the main supporting plate around a first axis, the first axis is parallel to the main supporting plate and the wing plate, at least part of the supporting arm is a hydraulic cylinder, the top of the supporting arm is fixedly connected to the main supporting plate, the first hydraulic cylinder can drive the wing plate to rotate relative to the main supporting plate around the first axis, the main supporting plate and the wing plate are both provided with the pressure sensors, the pressure sensors are used for detecting the pressure of the roadway roof on the main supporting plate and the wing plate, the hydraulic drive system is a power source of the first hydraulic cylinder and the supporting arm, the control system is in communication connection with the plurality of pressure sensors and the hydraulic drive system and can receive the pressure information transmitted from the pressure sensors, and the control system can also control the hydraulic drive system to work.

[0006] Preferably, the device further comprises a lower adjusting arm, an upper adjusting arm, a second hydraulic cylinder and a third hydraulic cylinder, the lower adjusting arm, the upper adjusting arm, the supporting arm and the main supporting plate are sequentially connected, the bottom of the lower adjusting arm is fixedly arranged, the top of the lower adjusting arm and the bottom of the upper adjusting arm are hingedly connected around a second axis, the top of the upper adjusting arm and the bottom of the supporting arm are hingedly connected around a third axis, the second hydraulic cylinder can drive the upper adjusting arm to rotate relative to the lower adjusting arm around the second axis, the third hydraulic cylinder can drive the supporting arm to rotate relative to the upper adjusting arm around the third axis, and the hydraulic drive system is a power source of the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the device further comprises a base, the bottom of the lower adjusting arm is fixedly arranged on the base, the bottoms of the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder are movably arranged on the base, and the base is provided with a plurality of adjustable foundation bolts.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of supporting arms are arranged on one base, and the top of each supporting arm is provided with a main supporting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the supporting arm comprises a first supporting arm and a second supporting arm which are connected from top to bottom, the bottom of the second supporting arm is hingedly connected to the top of the upper adjusting arm, the first supporting arm and the second supporting arm are connected through a hydraulic ball hinge, and the first supporting arm is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, three supporting arms are arranged, and the wing plates and the main supporting plates at the top of the three supporting arms are sequentially arranged along three directions, the three directions intersect and the angle between each two directions is 120 degrees, and each of the wing plates and the main supporting plates at the top of the supporting arms can form an integral plate structure; in the unfolded state, one end of any one of the integral plate structures can abut against one end of the other two integral plate structures.

[0011] Preferably, an operation panel is further arranged on the base.

[0012] Preferably, a rubber layer is arranged on the main supporting plates and the wing plates, and the pressure sensor is arranged between the rubber layer and the main supporting plates; the hydraulic driving system adopts a variable plunger pump as the drive.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure sensor transmits the pressure signal to the control system stably through a double-layer shielding cable.

[0014] Preferably, a big data model integrated according to empirical data is pre-stored in the control system, the input information of the big data model is the pressure information of the plurality of pressure sensors, and the output information is the adjustment information of the hydraulic cylinders.

[0015] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0016] The coal mine roadway roof automatic adjusting and supporting device provided by the present application has the following advantages: first, the supporting force of the supporting arm below the main supporting plate can be adjusted, so that the height of the main supporting plate can be adjusted in real time according to the attitude change of the roof, and the main supporting plate and the roof are always attached, thereby effectively supporting the roof; second, the device is additionally provided with a wing plate, the wing plate is movably connected with the main supporting plate and can be driven and adjusted by the first hydraulic cylinder, and the adaptability and supporting capacity of the device to various changes of the roof are further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0018] Fig. 1 The structure schematic diagram of the automatically adjustable supporting device for the coal mine roadway wall surface provided by the present application is shown, wherein only one supporting arm is shown;

[0019] Fig. 2 The structure schematic diagram of the hydraulic spherical hinge is shown;

[0020] Fig. 3Structure diagram of connecting two adjacent wing plates by a magnet;

[0021] In the figure: 1-first support arm; 2-second support arm; 3-support arm; 4-upper adjusting arm; 5-lower adjusting arm; 6-operation panel; 7-second hydraulic cylinder; 8-third hydraulic cylinder; 9-main support plate; 10-wing plate; 11-first hydraulic cylinder; 12-base; 13-adjustable anchor bolt; 14-rubber layer; 15-hydraulic drive system; 16-magnet; 17-variable plunger pump; 18-hydraulic oil tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] The purpose of the present application is to provide an automatically adjustable support device for the wall surface of a coal mine tunnel, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, improve the support effect on the roof, and improve the safety.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figs. 1 to 3

[0026] The present application provides an automatically adjustable support device for the wall surface of a coal mine tunnel, comprising: a main support plate 9, a wing plate 10, a support arm 3, a first hydraulic cylinder 11, a plurality of pressure sensors, a hydraulic drive system 15 and a control system, the main support plate 9 is used for supporting the roof of the tunnel; the wing plate 10 is used for supporting the roof of the tunnel, one end of the wing plate 10 and the edge of the main support plate 9 are rotatably connected around a first axis, the first axis is parallel to the main support plate 9 and the wing plate 10; at least part of the support arm 3 is a hydraulic cylinder, the top of the support arm 3 is fixedly connected with the main support plate 9; the first hydraulic cylinder 11 can drive the wing plate 10 to rotate relative to the main support plate 9 around the first axis; the main support plate 9 and the wing plate 10 are both arranged with pressure sensors, the pressure sensors are used for detecting the pressure of the roof of the tunnel on the main support plate 9 and the wing plate 10; the hydraulic drive system 15 is the power source of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 and the support arm 3; the control system is in communication connection with the plurality of pressure sensors and the hydraulic drive system 15 and can receive the pressure information transmitted from the pressure sensors; the control system can also control the hydraulic drive system 15 to work.

[0027] ​The coal mine roadway roof automatic adjusting and supporting device provided by the application has the following advantages: first, the supporting force of the supporting arm 3 below the main supporting plate 9 is adjustable, and thus the height of the main supporting plate 9 can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the roof posture, so that the main supporting plate 9 and the roof are always attached to each other, and effective support is achieved; second, the device is additionally provided with the wing plate 10, the wing plate 10 is movably connected with the main supporting plate 9 and can be driven and adjusted by the first hydraulic cylinder 11, and the adaptability and supporting capacity of the device to various changes of the roof are further improved.

[0028] In some embodiments, the application further comprises a lower adjusting arm 5, an upper adjusting arm 4, a second hydraulic cylinder 7 and a third hydraulic cylinder 8, the lower adjusting arm 5, the upper adjusting arm 4, the supporting arm 3 and the main supporting plate 9 are sequentially connected, the bottom of the lower adjusting arm 5 is fixedly arranged, the top of the lower adjusting arm 5 and the bottom of the upper adjusting arm 4 are hingedly connected around a second axis, the top of the upper adjusting arm 4 and the bottom of the supporting arm 3 are hingedly connected around a third axis; the second hydraulic cylinder 7 can drive the upper adjusting arm 4 to rotate relative to the lower adjusting arm 5 around the second axis; the third hydraulic cylinder 8 can drive the supporting arm 3 to rotate relative to the upper adjusting arm 4 around the third axis; and the hydraulic driving system 15 is a power source of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 and the third hydraulic cylinder 8.

[0029] In the embodiment, the inclination angle of the main supporting plate 9 is adjustable, the main supporting plate 9 can adapt to the change of the roof posture, effectively disperse the pressure transmitted by the roof, avoid the problem that the main supporting plate 9 is only partially contacted and stress concentration damage is caused due to the deformation of the roof, and thus the supporting effect is improved.

[0030] In some embodiments, the application further comprises a base 12, the bottom of the lower adjusting arm 5 is fixedly arranged on the base 12, and the bottoms of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 and the third hydraulic cylinder 8 are movably arranged on the base 12, and the bottom of the base 12 is provided with a plurality of adjustable foundation bolts 13.

[0031] When the embodiment of the application is implemented, the device is transported to a designated roadway position, the levelness of the base 12 is adjusted by the adjustable foundation bolts 13, and the stability of the device is ensured.

[0032] In some examples, the adjustable foundation bolts 13 are hydraulic adjustable foundation bolts.

[0033] In some embodiments, a plurality of supporting arms 3 are arranged on one base 12, and one main supporting plate 9 is arranged on the top of each supporting arm 3.

[0034] The embodiment can increase the supporting area and thus improve the supporting effect.

[0035] In some examples, the embodiment of the present application is provided with three support arms 3, and the wing plates 10 and the main support plates 9 at the top of the three support arms 3 are sequentially arranged along three directions, the three directions intersect and the angle between any two directions is 120°, and each of the wing plates 10 and the main support plates 9 at the top of each support arm 3 can form an integral plate structure; in the unfolded state, one end of any one of the integral plate structures can abut against one end of the other two integral plate structures.

[0036] In some examples, the integral plate structures are abutted by the wing plates 10, and specifically, in order to improve stability, one of the edges of the two adjacent wing plates 10 is fixedly provided with a magnet 16, and the two edges are abutted against each other and are attracted to each other by the magnet 16. It can be understood that the wing plate 10 is necessarily a metal structure, which can be attracted to the magnet 16.

[0037] In specific examples, the magnet 16 can be an electromagnet. Whether the two wing plates 10 are connected or disconnected can be controlled by controlling the on-off of the current of the electromagnet.

[0038] When connecting or disconnecting the two wing plates 10, the angle of the wing plate 10 can be adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder to realize successful docking and separation of the two.

[0039] In some embodiments, the support arm 3 includes a first support arm 1 and a second support arm 2 connected from top to bottom, the bottom of the second support arm 2 is hingedly connected to the top of the upper adjusting arm 4, the first support arm 1 and the second support arm 2 are connected by a hydraulic ball hinge, and the first support arm 1 is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0040] The hydraulic ball hinge in this embodiment can be achieved by using the mature technology in the prior art, and the power source of the hydraulic ball hinge comes from the hydraulic driving system 15, which realizes the ball hinge connection of the first support arm 1 and the second support arm 2 and the purpose of automatic relative movement of the hydraulic driving around the ball hinge structure.

[0041] Specifically, this embodiment has two angle adjustment systems, namely the hydraulic ball hinge and the second hydraulic cylinder 7 and the third hydraulic cylinder 8. It can be understood that the angle adjustment range of the hydraulic ball hinge is small due to the limitation of the structure, but the precision is high, while the angle adjustment range of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 and the third hydraulic cylinder 8 is large, but the precision is low. Based on this, in actual use, the angle of the main support plate 9 can be roughly adjusted by using the second hydraulic cylinder 7 and the third hydraulic cylinder 8, and then the angle of the main support plate 9 can be precisely adjusted by using the hydraulic ball hinge to make the main support plate 9 and the top plate closely fit, thereby improving the supporting effect.

[0042] In some embodiments, the base 12 is further provided with an operation panel 6.

[0043] This embodiment is convenient for the staff to adjust the parameters of the device on site.

[0044] Specifically, the operation panel 6 is equipped with a human-computer interaction interface of a touch display screen, which is convenient for the operator to view the pressure data, the working state of the device and the setting parameters in real time, and also can manually input control instructions. The control system has powerful data storage and analysis functions, can store pressure data for more than one year, and can predict the stability of the roadway and give timely warning through the analysis of historical and real-time data, thereby providing data support for the optimization of roadway support design.

[0045] In some embodiments, a rubber layer 14 is arranged on the main support plate 9 and the wing plate 10, and the pressure sensor is arranged between the rubber layer 14 and the main support plate 9; the hydraulic drive system 15 adopts a variable plunger pump 17 as the drive, and a hydraulic oil tank 18 stores hydraulic oil.

[0046] The rubber layer 14 in this embodiment has two effects, the first is to protect the pressure sensor, and the second is to make the support surface directly contacting with the roof a flexible support surface, thereby better adapting to the small attitude change of the roof and improving the support effect.

[0047] The rubber layer 14 in this embodiment has two effects, the first is to protect the pressure sensor, and the second is to make the support surface directly contacting with the roof a flexible support surface, thereby better adapting to the small attitude change of the roof and improving the support effect.

[0048] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor transmits the pressure signal to the control system stably through a double-layer shielding cable.

[0049] The pressure sensor in this embodiment adopts a new piezoresistive material, which can sensitively detect a pressure change of 0.01 MPa. The pressure signal is transmitted to the control system stably through a double-layer shielding cable, which effectively resists electromagnetic interference in the roadway and ensures the accuracy and real-time performance of the data.

[0050] In some embodiments, the control system pre-stores a big data model integrated according to empirical data, the input information of the big data model is the pressure information of the plurality of pressure sensors, and the output information is the adjustment information of the hydraulic cylinders.

[0051] This embodiment provides a way to adjust the working state of each hydraulic cylinder, but is not limited to this way, and any one of the prior art can also be used.

[0052] When each embodiment provided in the specification is implemented, the device components need to be checked regularly, including sensor accuracy calibration, hydraulic drive system 15 sealing inspection, wear condition of support arm 3 and base 12, etc. According to the inspection results, the worn parts are replaced in time, and the hydraulic oil is supplemented or replaced. The data storage and analysis results are checked to evaluate the device running condition and provide a basis for subsequent maintenance and optimization.

[0053] The automatic adjustable supporting device for a coal mine roadway wall surface can be used for supporting the roadway roof and side wall.

[0054] The embodiment provided by the application works based on pressure sensing and hydraulic regulation principles. A pressure sensor senses the change of the surrounding rock pressure of the roadway, converts the pressure signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to a control system. The system is provided with an algorithm or model, accurately calculates the required supporting force and angle according to the pressure change parameters, and sends an instruction to a hydraulic drive system 15. The hydraulic drive system 15 controls the extension and retraction of the supporting arm by adjusting the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil, realizes the length adjustment of the supporting arm, simultaneously drives each hydraulic cylinder for adjusting the angle to control the rotation and inclination of the main supporting plate, so that the device can adapt to the dynamic change of the surrounding rock of the roadway in real time, provide stable and suitable supporting force for the roadway, and effectively prevent the roadway from collapsing.

[0055] The principle and implementation mode of the application are described by applying specific examples in the application. The above embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and core idea of the application. Meanwhile, according to the idea of the application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed by the general technical personnel in the field. In conclusion, the content of the specification should not be understood as the limitation of the application.

Claims

1. An automatically adjustable support device for a coal mine tunnel wall, characterized by: include: A main support plate (9) for supporting the roadway roof; A wing plate (10) for supporting the tunnel roof, one end of the wing plate (10) and the edge of the main support plate (9) being rotatably connected around a first axis, wherein the first axis is parallel to the main support plate (9) and the wing plate (10); A support arm (3), at least a portion of the support arm (3) is a hydraulic cylinder, and the top of the support arm (3) is fixedly connected to the main support plate (9); a first hydraulic cylinder (11), the first hydraulic cylinder (11) being capable of driving the wing plate (10) to rotate relative to the main support plate (9) around the first axis; A plurality of pressure sensors, each of which is arranged on the main support plate (9) and the wing plate (10), and the pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure exerted by the tunnel roof on the main support plate (9) and the wing plate (10); A hydraulic drive system, which is a power source for the first hydraulic cylinder (11) and the support arm (3); The control system is communicatively connected with the plurality of pressure sensors and the hydraulic drive system and is capable of receiving pressure information transmitted from the pressure sensors; the control system is also capable of controlling the operation of the hydraulic drive system.

2. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a lower adjusting arm (5), an upper adjusting arm (4), a second hydraulic cylinder (7) and a third hydraulic cylinder (8); the lower adjusting arm (5), the upper adjusting arm (4), the support arm (3) and the main support plate (9) are connected in sequence; the bottom of the lower adjusting arm (5) is fixedly arranged, the top and the bottom of the upper adjusting arm (4) are hinged around a second axis, and the top of the upper adjusting arm (4) and the bottom of the support arm (3) are hinged around a third axis; the second hydraulic cylinder (7) can drive the upper adjusting arm (4) to rotate around the second axis relative to the lower adjusting arm (5); the third hydraulic cylinder (8) can drive the support arm (3) to rotate around the third axis relative to the upper adjusting arm (4); and the hydraulic drive system is the power source of the second hydraulic cylinder (7) and the third hydraulic cylinder (8).

3. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a base (12), the bottom of the lower adjustment arm (5) is fixedly arranged on the base (12), the bottoms of the second hydraulic cylinder (7) and the third hydraulic cylinder (8) are movably arranged on the base (12), and a plurality of adjustable anchor bolts (13) are arranged on the bottom of the base (12).

4. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of support arms (3) are provided on one base (12), and a main support plate (9) is provided on the top of each support arm (3).

5. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support arm (3) comprises a first support arm (1) and a second support arm (2) connected from top to bottom, the bottom of the second support arm (2) is hinged to the top of the upper adjustment arm (4), the first support arm (1) and the second support arm (2) are connected via a hydraulic ball joint, and the first support arm (1) is a hydraulic cylinder.

6. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: Three support arms (3) are provided, and the wing plates (10) and the main support plate (9) at the top of the three support arms (3) are arranged in sequence along three directions respectively, and the three directions intersect and the angle between any two of them is 120 degrees. The wing plates (10) and the main support plate (9) at the top of each support arm (3) can form an integral plate-like structure; in the unfolded state, one end of any one of the integral plate-like structures can abut against one end of the other two integral plate-like structures.

7. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: An operating panel (6) is also provided on the base (12).

8. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main support plate (9) and the wing plate (10) are both covered with a rubber layer (14), and the pressure sensor is arranged between the rubber layer (14) and the main support plate (9); the hydraulic drive system adopts a variable piston pump as a drive.

9. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor transmits the pressure signal stably to the control system through a double-shielded cable.

10. The automatically adjustable support device for the coal mine tunnel wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system pre-stores a big data model integrated based on empirical data. The input information of the big data model is the pressure information of multiple pressure sensors, and the output information is the adjustment information of each hydraulic cylinder.

Images