Supporting device and roadway supporting method adopting 110 construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a supporting device and a roadway supporting method of a 110 construction method, and relates to the technical field of coal mining. The supporting device comprises a top plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, a bottom plate, a third side plate, a fourth side plate, a first telescopic supporting column, a second telescopic supporting column, a third telescopic supporting column and a fourth telescopic supporting column, one end of the first side plate is connected with one end of the top plate, one end of the second side plate is connected with the other end of the top plate, and one end of the third side plate is connected with one end of the bottom plate. The other end of the third side plate is in sliding connection with the other end of the first side plate; one end of the fourth side plate is connected with the other end of the bottom plate, and the other end of the fourth side plate is slidably connected with the other end of the second side plate; the first telescopic supporting column and the second telescopic supporting column are supported between the top plate and the bottom plate. The third telescopic supporting column is supported between the third side plate and the bottom plate, and the bottom of the third telescopic supporting column is slidably connected with the bottom plate. The fourth telescopic supporting column is supported between the fourth side plate and the bottom plate, and the bottom of the fourth telescopic supporting column is slidably connected with the bottom plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to a support device and a 110 method of roadway support. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in mining depth, disasters and accidents caused by large deformation of surrounding rocks in deep tunnels have become more and more serious. The excavation of coal seams and the retention of coal pillars will lead to stress concentration in the surrounding rocks. The retention of coal pillars is also a waste of the increasingly consumed coal resources.

[0003] In this regard, the 110 method of self-forming lanes without coal pillars uses active top cutting to expand the height of the goaf, uses the crushing and expansion characteristics of the collapsed rock mass itself to fill the goaf, reduces the movement space of the overlying rock strata, and simultaneously uses the collapsed rock mass and mine pressure to automatically form lanes, eliminates the need for coal pillars, and realizes rock strata balance control during mining activities, forming a new model of self-forming lanes without coal pillars and balanced mining that saves resources and protects the environment.

[0004] However, in the process of implementing the 110 construction method, the types and quantities of support materials required at the tunnel site are large, the on-site engineering workload is large, the underground construction environment is poor, and the construction accuracy is difficult to control.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a support device and a 110 tunnel support method.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a steel structure support device for a 110 construction method roadway is provided, the support device comprising: A top plate, wherein the top plate is provided with a plurality of slit holes at both ends along the width direction of the support device, and a plurality of anchor holes are provided in the middle area; a first side panel and a second side panel, wherein the first side panel and the second side panel are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction, one end of the first side panel is connected to one end of the top panel, and one end of the second side panel is connected to the other end of the top panel; a bottom plate, the bottom plate and the top plate being arranged opposite to each other along the height direction of the supporting device; a third side panel and a fourth side panel, the third side panel and the fourth side panel being arranged opposite to each other along the width direction, one end of the third side panel being connected to one end of the bottom panel, and the other end of the third side panel being slidably connected to the other end of the first side panel; one end of the fourth side panel being connected to the other end of the bottom panel, and the other end of the fourth side panel being slidably connected to the other end of the second side panel; the top panel, the first side panel and the second side panel are an integral structure, and the bottom panel, the third side panel and the fourth side panel are an integral structure; the top panel, the bottom panel, the first side panel, the second side panel, the third side panel and the fourth side panel are steel structural members, and are connected and enclosed to form an integrated support device with a channel; a first telescopic support and a second telescopic support, wherein the first telescopic support and the second telescopic support are supported between the top plate and the bottom plate and are respectively disposed close to the first side plate and the second side plate in the width direction; the distance between the top plate and the bottom plate can be adjusted by extending and retracting the first telescopic support and the second telescopic support; A third telescopic support column and a fourth telescopic support column, wherein the third telescopic support column is supported between the third side plate and the bottom plate, and the fourth telescopic support column is supported between the fourth side plate and the bottom plate.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the top of the third telescopic support is rotatably connected to the third side plate, and the bottom of the third telescopic support is slidably connected to the bottom plate, and can be positioned at multiple positions in the width direction by sliding; the top of the fourth telescopic support is rotatably connected to the fourth side plate, and the bottom of the fourth telescopic support is slidably connected to the bottom plate, and can be positioned at multiple positions in the width direction by sliding.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of first mounting grooves are provided on the first side panel, and the plurality of first mounting grooves are spaced apart in the height direction and extend along the depth direction of the support device; a second mounting groove is provided on the third side panel, and the second mounting groove extends along the depth direction; the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are located above the third telescopic support in the height direction, and between the first telescopic support and the third side panel in the width direction.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of first telescopic struts are provided between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the plurality of first telescopic struts are spaced apart in the depth direction; a plurality of second telescopic struts are provided between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the plurality of second telescopic struts are spaced apart in the depth direction.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the first telescopic support and the third telescopic support are spaced apart in the depth direction, and the second telescopic support and the fourth telescopic support are spaced apart in the depth direction.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a first slide groove is formed on the base plate, the first slide groove extends along the width direction, and the bottom of the third telescopic support is located in the first slide groove; a second slide groove is formed on the base plate, the second slide groove extends along the width direction, and the bottom of the fourth telescopic support is located in the second slide groove.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the first telescopic strut, the second telescopic strut, the third telescopic strut, and the fourth telescopic strut are hydraulic struts.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a top beam is provided on the top plate, the top beam extends along the width direction, and the first telescopic support column and the second telescopic support column are respectively supported at two ends of the top beam.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of first slide grooves extending along the height direction are formed on the first side panel, a plurality of first slide rails extending along the height direction are formed on the third side panel, and the first slide rails are located in the first slide grooves; a plurality of second slide grooves extending along the height direction are formed on the second side panel, and a plurality of second slide rails extending along the height direction are formed on the fourth side panel, and the second slide rails are located in the second slide grooves.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a tunnel support method of the 110 construction method is provided, the tunnel support method comprising: A plurality of mining areas are divided in a coal mining area, and the plurality of mining areas are sequentially arranged along a first direction; a first roadway, a second roadway, and a plurality of fourth roadways extending along a second direction, and a third roadway extending along the first direction are formed in the coal mining areas, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the plurality of mining areas along the first direction, the fourth roadway is provided between two adjacent mining areas, the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway, the second roadway, and the plurality of fourth roadways along the second direction, and is connected to the first roadway, the second roadway, and the plurality of fourth roadways; the first direction intersects the second direction; Arrange a plurality of the above-mentioned support devices in the fourth tunnel adjacent to the target mining area, and arrange the plurality of support devices adjacent to each other along the depth direction of the support devices, and form a tunnel through the channels of the plurality of support devices; After being installed in place in the fourth lane, the first telescopic support and the second telescopic support are raised to the roof to reach the actual lane height; The third side panel is supported by the third telescopic support, and the bottom of the third telescopic support slides to a position away from the third side panel; the fourth side panel is supported by the fourth telescopic support, and the bottom of the third telescopic support slides to a position away from the third side panel; Anchor cable support is performed through the anchor cable holes on the top plate, and directional top cutting is performed through the slit holes on the top plate.

[0017] The steel structure support device for the 110 construction method tunnel provided by the present invention can form an all-round surrounding support for the tunnel in the application scenario of the 110 construction method, effectively resist the deformation pressure of the rock mass around the tunnel, and reduce the risk of support failure caused by structural dispersion. The setting of the slit holes provides a precise operating point for the roof directional slit process. The preset slit holes can guide the slit direction and depth, improve the slit accuracy, and thus ensure the effect of the roof directional slit in the 110 construction method. The anchor cable holes are used for anchor cable support. The layout of the middle area enables the anchor cables to be evenly distributed in the key stress-bearing area in the middle of the roof plate, thereby enhancing the tensile and deformation resistance of the roof plate, better playing the role of the constant resistance large deformation anchor cable support in the 110 construction method, and reducing the problems of cracking and sinking of the roof plate caused by uneven stress.

[0018] In addition, the first telescopic support and the second telescopic support are supported between the top plate and the bottom plate, and are arranged close to the first side plate and the second side plate. The distance between the top plate and the bottom plate can be adjusted by telescoping, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual height of the tunnel to meet the support needs of different tunnel heights. In the application of the 110 method, the tunnel height may vary in different mining areas or under different geological conditions. This adjustability improves the versatility of the support device, reduces the need to replace different support equipment due to mismatched tunnel heights, and reduces the types and quantities of on-site support materials. The third telescopic support and the fourth telescopic support are supported between the third side plate, the fourth side plate and the bottom plate, and can effectively support the third side plate and the fourth side plate.

[0019] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a support device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a support device provided in another perspective according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a support device after contraction provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a support device after deployment provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of tunnel support provided by multiple support devices according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Description of reference numerals: 10. Support device; 11. Top plate; 111. Anchor cable hole; 112. Slit hole; 113. Top beam; 12. Bottom plate; 121. Cover plate; 122. Ditch; 123. First chute; 124. Second chute; 13. First side panel; 131. First mounting slot; 14. Second side panel; 15. Third side panel; 151. Second mounting slot; 16. Fourth side panel; 171. First telescopic support; 172. Second telescopic support; 181. The third telescopic support; 182. The fourth telescopic support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures represent like or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0028] Although relative terms are used in this specification, such as "upper", "lower", to describe one component's relationship to another component, these terms are used herein for convenience only and are not intended to be limiting. It is to be understood that if a device were turned over such that its "upper" part were now on the bottom, then terminology used with respect to the upper part would also change. A structure "on" another structure can mean that the structure is formed integrally with the other structure or that the structure is "directly" on the other structure or that the structure is "indirectly" on the other structure via another structure.

[0029] The terms "one", "a", "an", "the", and "at least one" are used to mean that "one or more" of something is present with the understanding that a plurality is possible. The terms "including", "comprising", and "having" are used to mean that "including at least the recited elements" or "comprising at least the recited elements" or "having at least the recited elements", and are thus to be interpreted as open-ended terms. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used only as labels, and do not imply any order, importance, or hierarchy.

[0030] The pillarless self-formation roadway 110 method is an innovative method proposed by Academician He Manchao of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which uses active roof cutting to expand the caving height of the goaf, uses the self-crushing and swelling characteristics of the caving rock mass to fill the goaf, reduces the movement space of the overlying rock strata, and simultaneously uses the caving rock mass and the mine pressure to automatically form a roadway, cancels the setting of the coal pillar, and realizes the balance control of the rock strata during the mining process, forming a new mode of pillarless self-formation roadway balanced mining that saves resources and protects the environment.

[0031] Among them, the 110 method refers to "1" working face per round of mining, only needs to excavate "1" recovery roadway in advance, and the other is the roadway left after the recovery of the previous working face, and no section coal pillar needs to be left between the two working faces, i.e. "0" section coal pillar is left. The N00 method completely unifies the two processes of mining and excavation on the basis of the 110 method, changes from excavating one recovery roadway to not needing to excavate a recovery roadway, realizes "N" working face mining, excavates "0" roadway, and leaves "0" coal pillar.

[0032] However, the 110 method requires a large number of types and quantities of supporting materials on site, has large on-site engineering quantities, and has poor underground construction environment and difficult construction precision control problems.

[0033] In view of the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a steel structure supporting device for a 110 method roadway, as shown in Figures 1-4As shown, the support device 10 includes: a top plate 11, a first side plate 13, a second side plate 14, a bottom plate 12, a third side plate 15, a fourth side plate 16, a first telescopic support 171, a second telescopic support 172, a third telescopic support 181 and a fourth telescopic support 182. The top plate 11 is provided with a plurality of slit holes 112 at both ends along the width direction X of the support device 10, and a plurality of anchor holes 111 are provided in the middle area; the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction X, and one end of the first side plate 13 is opposite to the second side plate 14. One end of the top plate 11 is connected, and one end of the second side plate 14 is connected to the other end of the top plate 11; the bottom plate 12 and the top plate 11 are arranged opposite to each other along the height direction Z of the support device 10; the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16 are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction X, one end of the third side plate 15 is connected to one end of the bottom plate 12, and the other end of the third side plate 15 is slidably connected to the other end of the first side plate 13; one end of the fourth side plate 16 is connected to the other end of the bottom plate 12, and the other end of the fourth side plate 16 is slidably connected to the other end of the second side plate 14.

[0034] Among them, the top plate 11 and the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 are an integrated structure, and the bottom plate 12 and the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16 are an integrated structure; the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the first side plate 13, the second side plate 14, the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16 are steel structural parts, and are connected and enclosed to form an integrated support device with a channel; it should be noted that the integrated support device 10 referred to here refers to the support device 10 in which the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 are connected together to form an integrated frame, rather than referring to the support device being directly an integrated molding structure in terms of process.

[0035] Among them, the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172 are supported between the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12, and in the width direction X, the first telescopic support 171 is arranged close to the first side plate 13, and the second telescopic support 172 is arranged close to the second side plate 14; the distance between the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 can be adjusted by telescoping the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172; the third telescopic support 181 is supported between the third side plate 15 and the bottom plate 12, and the fourth telescopic support 182 is supported between the fourth side plate 16 and the bottom plate 12.

[0036] The support device 10 for a 110 construction method roadway provided herein can provide all-around, surrounding support for the roadway in the 110 construction method application scenario, effectively resisting deformation pressure from the rock mass surrounding the roadway and reducing the risk of support failure due to structural dispersion. The top plate 11, first side plate 13, second side plate 14, bottom plate 12, third side plate 15, and fourth side plate 16 are connected and enclosed to form an integrated support device 10 with a channel. This supports the bottom, top, and both sides of the channel, significantly improving the support strength of the support device 10. Compared to the prior art method of using a hanging net as top protection, with the side walls and the tunnel floor exposed, the integrated support device 10 provided by the present disclosure blocks the tunnel top with a top plate 11, blocks the tunnel floor with a bottom plate 12, and blocks the tunnel side walls with a first side plate 13 and a second side plate 14, thereby preventing the tunnel top, side walls, and floor from being exposed, thereby preventing falling rocks from the top and goaf from entering the tunnel, and improving the safety of the tunnel. The setting of the slit holes 112 provides precise operating points for the directional slit process of the top plate 11. The preset slit holes 112 can guide the slit direction and depth, improve the slit accuracy, and thus ensure the effect of the directional slit of the top plate 11 in the 110 method. The anchor hole 111 is used for anchor support. The layout of the middle area enables the anchors to be evenly distributed in the key stress-bearing area in the middle of the top plate 11, thereby enhancing the tensile and deformation resistance of the top plate 11, better playing the role of constant resistance large deformation anchor support in the 110 construction method, and reducing problems such as cracking and sinking of the top plate 11 caused by uneven stress. At the same time, by setting slit holes 112 and anchor holes 111 on the top plate 11 and anchor holes on the side plates, the positions of the slit holes 112, anchor holes 111 and anchor holes are fixed. It is only necessary to perform slit and anchoring operations according to the slit holes 112, anchor holes 111 and anchor holes reserved by the support device 10, and there is no need to re-determine the positions of the slit holes 112, anchor holes 111 and anchor holes on site; since multiple support devices 10 are supported in the tunnel at the same time, standard slit holes 112, anchor holes 111 and anchor holes can be formed in the tunnel through multiple support devices 10, which improves the accuracy of slit and anchoring operations, reduces the difficulty of operations, improves work efficiency, and lays the foundation for standardized tunnel forming, thereby greatly reducing the amount of engineering work for subsequent standardized tunnel forming.

[0037] In addition, the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172 are supported between the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12, and are arranged close to the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14. The distance between the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 can be adjusted by telescoping, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual height of the tunnel to meet the support needs of different tunnel heights. In the application of the 110 method, the tunnel height may vary in different mining areas or under different geological conditions. This adjustability improves the versatility of the support device 10, reduces the need to replace different support equipment due to mismatched tunnel heights, and reduces the types and quantities of on-site support materials. The third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 are supported between the third side plate 15, the fourth side plate 16 and the bottom plate 12, and can form effective support for the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16.

[0038] Among them, the top plate 11, the first side plate 13, and the second side plate 14 can be an integral steel structure, and the top plate 11, the first side plate 13, and the second side plate 14 can be connected by bending, welding, screwing, etc. to form an integral structure; the bottom plate 12, the third side plate 15, and the fourth side plate 16 can be an integral steel structure, and the bottom plate 12, the third side plate 15, and the fourth side plate 16 can be connected by bending, welding, screwing, etc. to form an integral structure. Using an integrated box-shaped steel structure design, the top plate 11, the first side plate 13, the second side plate 14, the bottom plate 12, the third side plate 15, and the fourth side plate 16 enclose a channel, which has better integrity and stability.

[0039] In some embodiments, the third telescopic support 181 is supported between the third side plate 15 and the bottom plate 12. The top of the third telescopic support 181 is rotatably connected to the third side plate 15, and the bottom of the third telescopic support 181 is slidably connected to the bottom plate 12, and can be positioned at multiple positions by sliding in the width direction X. The fourth telescopic support 182 is supported between the fourth side plate 16 and the bottom plate 12. The top of the fourth telescopic support 182 is rotatably connected to the fourth side plate 16, and the bottom of the fourth telescopic support 182 is slidably connected to the bottom plate 12, and can be positioned at multiple positions by sliding in the width direction X.

[0040] The third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 are supported between the third side panel 15, the fourth side panel 16 and the bottom panel 12. The top is rotatably connected to the side panel, and the bottom is slidably connected to the bottom panel 12 and can be located in multiple positions by sliding in the width direction X. By locating the bottoms of the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 at different positions, the inclination angles of the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 are adjusted, thereby achieving adjustment of the supporting force of the third side panel 15 and the fourth side panel 16, thereby forming effective support for the third side panel 15 and the fourth side panel 16.

[0041] In some embodiments, as Figure 1、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of first mounting grooves 131 are provided on the first side plate 13, and the plurality of first mounting grooves 131 are spaced apart in the height direction Z and extend along the depth direction Y of the support device 10; a second mounting groove 151 is provided on the third side plate 15, and the second mounting groove 151 extends along the depth direction Y of the support device 10.

[0042] The first mounting slot 131 can be a cable slot, and the second mounting slot 151 can be a pipe slot. The first mounting slot 131 can be raised and lowered by the top plate 11. Since the first mounting slot 131 is a cable slot, the cables in the cable slot have good bending and deformation capabilities and will not interfere with the raising and lowering of the top plate 11.

[0043] The first mounting groove 131 and the second mounting groove 151 are located above the third telescopic support 181 along the height direction Z, and between the first telescopic support 171 and the third side panel 15 along the width direction X. This allows cables, pipes, etc. to be located between the first telescopic support 171 and the third side panel 15, and the first telescopic support 171 provides protection for the cables and pipes.

[0044] In some embodiments, multiple first telescopic struts 171 are provided between the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12, and the multiple first telescopic struts 171 are spaced apart in the depth direction Y. Multiple second telescopic struts 172 are provided between the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12, and the multiple second telescopic struts 172 are spaced apart in the depth direction Y. For example, two first telescopic struts 171 and two second telescopic struts 172 are provided on the bottom plate 12. The multiple first telescopic struts 171 and the multiple second telescopic struts 172 are spaced apart in the depth direction Y between the bottom plate 12 and the top plate 11. Because the stress conditions at different locations in the tunnel in the depth direction Y may vary, the multiple telescopic struts spaced apart can provide more uniform support for the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12. Compared to single-strut support, this approach can distribute the load on the top plate 11, reduce the stress on individual struts, and lower the risk of strut failure due to overload. At the same time, in the application of the 110 method, as the mining progresses, the deformation of the surrounding rock in the depth direction Y of the tunnel also has different characteristics. The multi-pillar interval setting can better adapt to this deformation, provide continuous and stable support to the roof 11, ensure the support effect of the tunnel throughout the mining process, and solve the problem of large on-site engineering volume and poor support durability.

[0045] Among them, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first telescopic support 171 and the third telescopic support 181 are arranged in the depth direction Y, and the second telescopic support 172 and the fourth telescopic support 182 are arranged in the depth direction Y. This arrangement can form a reasonable spatial layout of telescopic supports with different functions in the depth direction Y, avoiding mutual interference between the supports. For example, the first telescopic support 171 mainly supports the area of the roof 11 close to the first side plate 13, and the third telescopic support 181 supports the area of the roof 11 close to the third side plate 15. The arrangement of the two supports can form a complementary support force in the depth direction Y, better resisting the uneven deformation of the surrounding rock in the depth direction Y, improving the adaptability of the supporting device 10 to complex surrounding rock deformation, ensuring the stability of the supporting device 10, and helping to achieve the requirements of the 110 method for stable support of the roadway.

[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottom plate 12 is formed with a first sliding groove 123 extending in the width direction X, and the bottom of the third telescopic support 181 is located in the first sliding groove 123. The bottom of the third telescopic support 181 can be provided with a first pulley, which slides in the first sliding groove 123. The first pulley can be positioned at multiple positions in the first sliding groove 123, for example, by a first limiting piece to limit the position of the first pulley in the first sliding groove 123, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the third telescopic support 181. The first limiting piece can cooperate with the first sliding groove 123 to limit the first pulley. For example, the first limiting piece can be inserted into multiple positions on the first sliding groove 123 to limit the first pulley. The bottom plate 12 is formed with a second sliding groove 124 extending in the width direction X, and the bottom of the fourth telescopic support 182 is located in the second sliding groove 124. The bottom of the fourth telescopic support 182 can be provided with a second pulley, which slides in the second sliding groove 124. The second pulley can be positioned at multiple positions in the second sliding groove 124, for example, by a second limiting piece to limit the position of the second pulley in the second sliding groove 124, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the fourth telescopic support 182. The second limiting piece can cooperate with the second sliding groove 124 to limit the second pulley. For example, the second limiting piece can be inserted into multiple positions on the second sliding groove 124 to limit the second pulley.

[0047] The setting of the first chute 123 and the second chute 124 provides guidance and constraints for the sliding of the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182, respectively. When the telescopic support slides to adjust its position, the chute can ensure that the support slides linearly along the width direction X, thereby improving the construction accuracy and avoiding the offset of the support during the sliding process, which leads to poor support effect. At the same time, the chute structure can limit the bottom of the support, enhance the stability of the support after sliding, prevent the support from tipping over or shifting due to the lateral force generated by the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock, ensure the effective support of the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 for the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16, respectively, improve the overall stability and reliability of the support device 10, and solve the problem of difficult control of underground construction accuracy.

[0048] It can be understood that by sliding the bottom of the third telescopic support 181 in the first slot 123, the third telescopic support 181 can be placed in a vertical position, or in a position with an angle of 60° between the third telescopic support 181 and the bottom plate 12, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the third telescopic support 181 and improving its support for the third side panel 15. Similarly, by sliding the bottom of the fourth telescopic support 182 in the second slot 124, the fourth telescopic support 182 can be placed in a vertical position, or in a position with an angle of 60° between the third telescopic support 181 and the bottom plate 12, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the fourth telescopic support 182 and improving its support for the fourth side panel 16.

[0049] Among them, the first telescopic support 171, the second telescopic support 172, the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 are hydraulic supports. The hydraulic support has the characteristics of strong adjustability and stable supporting force. In the application of the 110 method, the telescopic amount and supporting force of the support can be accurately adjusted through the hydraulic system according to the actual pressure conditions of the tunnel roof 11 and the side plates. Compared with traditional mechanical supports, the adjustment of hydraulic supports is more convenient and efficient, and can quickly respond to the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock, adjust the supporting force in time, and ensure the support effect. At the same time, the constant resistance characteristics of the hydraulic support can absorb the deformation energy of the surrounding rock to a certain extent, avoid the excessive pressure caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock directly damaging the support device 10, improve the deformation resistance and durability of the support device 10, and reduce the support failure problem caused by insufficient support force or untimely adjustment on site.

[0050] Among them, a ditch 122 and a cover plate 121 are arranged on the upper part of the bottom plate 12, and a hydraulic support is arranged above the cover plate 121, which reduces the subsequent construction in the underground tunnel and reduces the transportation of materials required for subsequent slag support and reinforced support.

[0051] In some embodiments, the supporting force of the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172 is The supporting force of the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 is , and The relationship is:

[0052] in, is the angle between the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 and the horizontal plane. It can be adjusted through the first slide groove 123 and the second slide groove 124 respectively; is the lateral pressure coefficient after the goaf collapses, that is, the ratio of horizontal force to vertical force. It is constant and determined according to the on-site engineering geological conditions; and The size is adjustable, the angle The angles of the three can also be adjusted, and the three adjust to each other based on the magnitude of the force. It should be noted that when the number of first telescopic struts 171 and third telescopic struts 181 provided on the first side panel 13 is the same, and the number of second telescopic struts 172 and fourth telescopic struts 182 provided on the second side panel 14 is the same, the above formula can be directly used for calculation; when the numbers are different, the relationship formula can be adjusted based on the ratio of the numbers.

[0053] It can be understood that when the support force of the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172 Increase, adjust the angle accordingly and jack support force When the support force of the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 does not reach the maximum value, the angle can be adjusted and / or the supporting force of the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 , in order to apply a greater horizontal force to the side wall of the tunnel; when the support force of the third telescopic support 181 and the fourth telescopic support 182 reaches the maximum value, by adjusting the angle , to apply greater horizontal force to the tunnel sidewalls.

[0054] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, a top beam 113 is provided on the top plate 11, and a first telescopic support 171 and a second telescopic support 172 are supported at both ends of the top beam 113 respectively. The top beam 113 can transfer the load of the top plate 11 more evenly to the two telescopic supports, thereby avoiding excessive local stress on the top plate 11. In the 110 method, after the directional slits and anchor support of the top plate 11, the force distribution of the top plate 11 may still be uneven. The setting of the top beam 113 can play a role in stress dispersion and transmission, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the top plate 11. At the same time, the top beam 113 can also enhance the overall stiffness of the top plate 11, reduce the bending deformation of the top plate 11, further ensure the support effect of the tunnel, improve the reliability of the support of the top plate 11 in the 110 method, and solve a series of support problems caused by the deformation of the top plate 11.

[0055] Two top beams 113 may be provided, extending along the width direction X and spaced apart in the depth direction Y. The thickness of the top beams 113 is greater than that of the top plate 11 to provide stronger support. The top beams 113 and the top plate 11 may be fixedly connected by welding, threading, riveting, or other methods.

[0056] In some embodiments, a plurality of third chutes extending along the height direction Z are formed on the first side plate 13, a plurality of first slide rails extending along the height direction Z are formed on the third side plate 15, and the first slide rails are located in the third chutes; a plurality of fourth chutes extending along the height direction Z are formed on the second side plate 14, a plurality of second slide rails extending along the height direction Z are formed on the fourth side plate 16, and the second slide rails are located in the fourth chutes. Through the matching structure of the chutes and the slide rails, on the one hand, the sliding connection between the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16 and the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 is made more stable and smooth. When the surrounding rock of the tunnel is deformed along the height direction Z, the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16 can slide relative to the first side plate 13 and the second side plate 14 along the height direction Z to adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock and avoid damage to the side plates due to stress concentration caused by the deformation. On the other hand, the combination of multiple slide grooves and slide rails can perform multi-point constraints on the side plates in the height direction Z, enhance the overall stability of the connection between the side plates, improve the ability of the support device 10 to resist the vertical deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock, ensure the stability of the support device 10 at different height positions in the 110 construction method, and solve the problem of damage to the support device 10 caused by complex deformation of the surrounding rock.

[0057] The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a roadway support method of the 110 construction method, the support method comprising: Step S100: Divide a coal mining area into multiple mining areas, and the multiple mining areas are arranged in sequence along a first direction; a first roadway, a second roadway, and multiple fourth roadways extending along a second direction, and a third roadway extending along the first direction are formed in the coal mining areas, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the multiple mining areas along the first direction, a fourth roadway is provided between two adjacent mining areas, the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway, the second roadway, and the multiple fourth roadways along the second direction, and is connected to the first roadway, the second roadway, and the multiple fourth roadways; the first direction intersects the second direction, for example, perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly. Step S200: installing a plurality of support devices 10 in a fourth roadway adjacent to the target mining area, and placing the plurality of support devices 10 adjacent to each other along the depth direction Y, with the channels of the plurality of support devices 10 being connected to form a roadway; Step S300: After being installed in place in the fourth lane, the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172 are raised until the top plate 11 reaches the actual lane height, that is, the top plate 11 abuts against the top of the lane; Step S400: The third side panel 15 is supported by the third telescopic support 181, and the bottom of the third telescopic support 181 slides to a position away from the third side panel 15; the fourth side panel 16 is supported by the fourth telescopic support 182, and the bottom of the third telescopic support 181 slides to a position away from the third side panel 15; Step S500 , performing anchor cable support through the anchor cable holes 111 on the top plate 11 , and performing directional top cutting through the slit holes 112 on the top plate 11 .

[0058] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, during transportation, the height of the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172 are lowered, and the top plate 11 is lowered to the top of the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16, and is aligned with the top of the third side plate 15 and the fourth side plate 16. Figure 4 As shown, during support, the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172 are raised until the roof 11 reaches the actual tunnel height, and then constant resistance large deformation anchor support is carried out through the reserved anchor hole 111, and the roof 11 is directional slit through the reserved slit hole 112, and cables and pipelines are laid through the reserved cable trough and pipeline trough; the third telescopic support 181 that is retractable on both sides and the third telescopic support 181 are deployed from upright to inclined through pulleys and slides to perform side wall retaining support; drainage is carried out through the reserved ditch 122, and finally the first telescopic support 171, the second telescopic support 172 and the top beam 113 are coordinated to realize the reinforced support after the frame, and the final tunnel layout is as shown Figure 5 shown.

[0059] A plurality of support devices 10 are set in the fourth tunnel adjacent to the target mining area, and are adjacently arranged along the depth direction Y, and are connected through channels to form a tunnel. The continuous arrangement of multiple support devices 10 can form a continuous and integrated support structure for the fourth tunnel, preventing the tunnel from having weak support areas in the depth direction Y. The connection of the channels ensures the passage function of the tunnel, so that the supported tunnel meets production needs, realizes the tunnel support requirements for pillarless mining in the 110 method, and reduces tunnel deformation, collapse and other problems caused by discontinuous support. After installation, the roof 11 is raised by the first telescopic support 171 and the second telescopic support 172 to reach the actual tunnel height, and can be accurately adjusted according to the actual height requirements of different tunnels to ensure the effectiveness of the support of the roof 11. The third side panel 15 and the fourth side panel 16 are supported by the third telescopic support column 181 and the fourth telescopic support column 182, and the bottom slides to a position away from the side panels. This adjustment method enables the third telescopic support column 181 and the fourth telescopic support column 182 to form a stable and reasonable supporting force on the side panels, thereby improving the adaptability and supporting effect of the support device 10 on the side panels, and solving the problems of inconsistent tunnel height and difficulty in supporting the side panels during on-site construction.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A steel structure support device for 110 construction method tunnel, characterized in that: The support device comprises: A top plate, wherein the top plate is provided with a plurality of slit holes at both ends along the width direction of the support device, and a plurality of anchor holes in the middle area; a first side panel and a second side panel, wherein the first side panel and the second side panel are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction, one end of the first side panel is connected to one end of the top panel, and one end of the second side panel is connected to the other end of the top panel; a bottom plate, the bottom plate and the top plate being arranged opposite to each other along the height direction of the supporting device; a third side panel and a fourth side panel, the third side panel and the fourth side panel being arranged opposite to each other along the width direction, one end of the third side panel being connected to one end of the bottom panel, and the other end of the third side panel being slidably connected to the other end of the first side panel; one end of the fourth side panel being connected to the other end of the bottom panel, and the other end of the fourth side panel being slidably connected to the other end of the second side panel; the top panel, the first side panel and the second side panel are an integral structure, and the bottom panel, the third side panel and the fourth side panel are an integral structure; the top panel, the bottom panel, the first side panel, the second side panel, the third side panel and the fourth side panel are steel structural members, and are connected and enclosed to form an integrated support device with a channel; a first telescopic support and a second telescopic support, wherein the first telescopic support and the second telescopic support are supported between the top plate and the bottom plate and are respectively disposed close to the first side plate and the second side plate in the width direction; the distance between the top plate and the bottom plate can be adjusted by extending and retracting the first telescopic support and the second telescopic support; A third telescopic support column and a fourth telescopic support column, wherein the third telescopic support column is supported between the third side plate and the bottom plate, and the fourth telescopic support column is supported between the fourth side plate and the bottom plate.

2. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the third telescopic support is rotatably connected to the third side plate, and the bottom of the third telescopic support is slidably connected to the bottom plate, and can be positioned at multiple positions in the width direction by sliding; the fourth telescopic support is supported between the fourth side plate and the bottom plate, and the top of the fourth telescopic support is rotatably connected to the fourth side plate, and the bottom of the fourth telescopic support is slidably connected to the bottom plate, and can be positioned at multiple positions in the width direction by sliding.

3. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first mounting grooves are provided on the first side panel, and the plurality of first mounting grooves are spaced apart in the height direction and extend along the depth direction of the support device; a second mounting groove is provided on the third side panel, and the second mounting groove extends along the depth direction; the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are located above the third telescopic support in the height direction, and between the first telescopic support and the third side panel in the width direction.

4. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first telescopic struts are provided between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the plurality of first telescopic struts are spaced apart in the depth direction of the support device; a plurality of second telescopic struts are provided between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the plurality of second telescopic struts are spaced apart in the depth direction.

5. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first telescopic support and the third telescopic support are spaced apart in a depth direction of the supporting device, and the second telescopic support and the fourth telescopic support are spaced apart in the depth direction.

6. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first slide groove is formed on the bottom plate, the first slide groove extends along the width direction, and the bottom of the third telescopic support is located in the first slide groove; a second slide groove is formed on the bottom plate, the second slide groove extends along the width direction, and the bottom of the fourth telescopic support is located in the second slide groove.

7. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first telescopic support, the second telescopic support, the third telescopic support and the fourth telescopic support are hydraulic supports.

8. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top beam is provided on the top plate, and the top beam extends along the width direction. The first telescopic support column and the second telescopic support column are respectively supported at two ends of the top beam.

9. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first slide grooves extending along the height direction are formed on the first side panel, a plurality of first slide rails extending along the height direction are formed on the third side panel, and the first slide rails are located in the first slide grooves; a plurality of second slide grooves extending along the height direction are formed on the second side panel, and a plurality of second slide rails extending along the height direction are formed on the fourth side panel, and the second slide rails are located in the second slide grooves.

10. A tunnel support method of 110 construction method, characterized in that: include: A plurality of mining areas are divided in a coal mining area, and the plurality of mining areas are sequentially arranged along a first direction; a first roadway, a second roadway, and a plurality of fourth roadways extending along a second direction, and a third roadway extending along the first direction are formed in the coal mining areas, the first roadway and the second roadway are located on both sides of the plurality of mining areas along the first direction, the fourth roadway is provided between two adjacent mining areas, the third roadway is located on one side of the first roadway, the second roadway, and the plurality of fourth roadways along the second direction, and is connected to the first roadway, the second roadway, and the plurality of fourth roadways; the first direction intersects with the second direction; Arrange a plurality of support devices according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the fourth tunnel adjacent to the target mining area, and arrange the plurality of support devices adjacent to each other along the depth direction of the support devices, and connect the channels of the plurality of support devices to form a tunnel; After being installed in place in the fourth lane, the first telescopic support and the second telescopic support are raised to the roof to reach the actual lane height; The third side panel is supported by the third telescopic support, and the bottom of the third telescopic support slides to a position away from the third side panel; the fourth side panel is supported by the fourth telescopic support, and the bottom of the third telescopic support slides to a position away from the third side panel; Anchor cable support is performed through the anchor cable holes on the top plate, and directional top cutting is performed through the slit holes on the top plate.

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