Anti-explosion self-clamping type pipeline leakage plugging fixture and plugging method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline emergency maintenance and repair, in particular to an anti-explosion self-clamping type pipeline leakage blocking fixture and a blocking method. The anti-explosion self-clamping type pipeline leakage blocking fixture comprises an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, an annular locking assembly, a gear transmission assembly, a hydraulic damping assembly, a pressure flow monitor and a drainage valve; wherein one ends of the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are hinged, and the other ends are locked through a flange; the upper clamping block is provided with a pressure flow monitor and a drainage valve; an annular rack in the annular locking assembly is provided with an annular groove which is in sliding connection with T-shaped flanges at the two ends of the clamping block. A transmission shaft in the gear transmission assembly is provided with a gear meshed with the tooth surface of the annular rack; the hydraulic damping assembly is hinged to the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block. The hydraulic damping assembly relieves closing impact of the clamp, and fire blast caused by sparks is avoided; pre-tightening is achieved through the annular locking assembly, and the physical load of operators is reduced; a pressure and flow monitor is arranged inside, so that pressure and drainage can be monitored. The device has the advantages of being high in safety, convenient to install and comprehensive in function.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of pipeline emergency repair, and particularly relates to a self-clamping type pipeline leakage plugging fixture and a plugging method. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern city operation and industrial production, pipeline systems as key infrastructures for conveying media such as oil, natural gas, hydrogen and carbon dioxide directly relate to people's livelihood protection and economic activities. However, due to factors such as pipeline aging, external damage, corrosion or extreme weather, pipeline leakage, burst and other sudden accidents occur from time to time, which not only causes resource waste and environmental pollution, but also may cause secondary disasters such as fire and explosion, threatening public safety. Pipeline emergency repair is a rapid response measure for such sudden pipeline failures, aiming to control the danger and restore the pipeline function in the shortest time, and minimize the impact of the accident. The repair process usually includes key links such as leakage positioning, medium flow guiding and damage repair, and one of the core challenges for successful repair is to quickly seal the pipeline. Pipeline leakage plugging fixture as an important tool for emergency repair emerges as the times require. It can quickly seal the damaged pipeline through mechanical devices under continuous flow and uninterrupted transportation, and gain valuable time for subsequent repair, becoming an indispensable equipment in modern pipeline emergency repair. Through analysis, it is found that the existing related pipeline leakage plugging fixtures still have the following shortcomings in actual application:

[0003] (1) The traditional fixture usually adopts a split type metal structure, which is easy to produce sparks when colliding or falling during installation, and is extremely easy to ignite the leaked flammable medium, leading to safety accidents.

[0004] (2) The traditional fixture mostly adopts a combined type installation method, which cannot be temporarily fixed on the pipeline before final tightening, and the installation personnel need to hold all components with both hands throughout the process, which has the risk of fatigue and component slipping.

[0005] (3) Most pipeline leakage plugging fixtures only have a single function of achieving sealing by extruding a sealing element, and the internal sealing state cannot be directly observed, which leads to a tedious testing process for the operator and the need for auxiliary tools.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an intelligent pipeline leakage plugging fixture capable of realizing rapid sealing and having real-time leakage detection function for complex working conditions such as high pressure and flammable and explosive in oil and gas pipelines, so as to ensure the safety and reliability of pipeline maintenance and repair operation. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to meet the technical needs of the existing fixture in the pipeline plugging, an anti-explosion self-clamping type pipeline leakage plugging fixture is provided, which forms a sealed cavity through the upper and lower clamping blocks fastened by bolts to carry out pipeline plugging; the pre-tightening is realized through the rotation of the annular rack in the annular locking assembly at both ends of the clamping block; the buffer effect of the hydraulic damping assembly is used to avoid the generation of sparks; at the same time, the pressure in the cavity can be monitored in real time through the built-in pressure flow monitor in the fixture, and the medium flow direction can be guided through the drainage valve.

[0008] The application provides an anti-explosion self-clamping type pipeline leakage plugging fixture and a plugging method.

[0009] The two end faces of the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are respectively provided with T-shaped flanges I and T-shaped flanges II, which are oppositely arranged and positionally aligned in the closed state of the fixture; the inner curved surface of the upper clamping block is provided with a pressure flow monitor mounting hole, and a sealing groove I is arranged around the pressure flow monitor mounting hole; a flange I with a bolt hole and a hinged seat I are arranged outside the sealing groove I, two upper clamping block hinged seats are arranged on the same side of the hinged seat I, a drainage valve is arranged on the side of the flange I, and a sealing gasket I is arranged in the sealing groove I; the inner curved surface of the lower clamping block is provided with a sealing groove II around the inner curved surface, and a flange II and a hinged seat II are arranged outside the sealing groove II; two lower clamping block hinged seats are arranged on the same side of the hinged seat II, and a sealing gasket II is arranged in the sealing groove II; the hinged seat I and the hinged seat II are connected through a hinge, the sealing gasket I and the sealing gasket II are abutted and fitted to form a closed sealed cavity and realize efficient isolation of the leakage position when the fixture is closed.

[0010] The annular locking assembly includes an annular rack, a fan-shaped cam and a spring; the outer edge of the annular rack is provided with a tooth surface arranged in an annular manner, and the upper end face is annularly distributed with bosses Ⅰ and spring seats Ⅰ of the same number as the fan-shaped cams, and the lower end face is equidistantly provided with annular grooves, which are slidably connected to the T-shaped flange Ⅰ and the T-shaped flange Ⅱ, for realizing the circumferential self-clamping and return locking functions of the fixture; there are seven fan-shaped cams in total, which are evenly hingedly connected to the annular rack on the boss Ⅰ along the circumferential direction, and each fan-shaped cam is provided with a through hole Ⅰ, and the distance from the center line of the through hole Ⅰ to its arc edge is gradually distributed, and the through hole Ⅰ is hinged to the rack through the boss Ⅰ; one end of the spring is connected to the spring seat Ⅱ of the fan-shaped cam, and the other end is connected to the spring seat Ⅰ of the annular rack; it can achieve uniform and reliable circumferential tightening to prevent the fixture from loosening during installation. Its principle is based on the self-locking driven by the asymmetric cam mechanism, making the sealing process safer and more efficient.

[0011] The gear transmission assembly consists of a handle, a transmission shaft and a gear bracket; wherein, a bevel gear is fixed to the bottom end of the handle and installed on the top end of the gear bracket, and the transmission shaft is installed on both sides of the gear bracket, with a spur gear fixed at one end and a bevel gear fixed at the other end. The helical gear at one end of the transmission shaft is meshed with the bevel gear at the bottom end of the handle inside the gear bracket; the bottom end face of the gear bracket is an arc surface, and the curvature radius of the arc surface is the same as that of the upper clamping block, with lugs at both ends, a through hole II on the lug, two coaxial through holes III on the side between the lugs, and a handle mounting hole on the upper end face of the bracket; this design can output a larger pre-tightening force with a smaller operating force, which meets the needs of rapid sealing in emergency environments in the field.

[0012] The hydraulic damping assembly consists of a hinge shell I, a hinge shell II, an L-shaped connecting plate and a hydraulic cylinder; the hinge shell I, hinge shell II and the L-shaped connecting plate are hinged by a pin; the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the hinge shell II through a pin through the through hole IV at its tail, and a T-shaped joint is provided at the end of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod, and the T-shaped joint is hinged to the connecting hole III at the short end of the L-shaped connecting plate through a pin; the long end of the L-shaped connecting plate is provided with a plurality of connecting holes I, and a connecting hole II is provided at the corner, the connecting hole I is connected to the hinge shell I through a pin, and the connecting hole II is connected to the hinge of the hinge shell I and the hinge shell II through a pin; it effectively suppresses the mechanical impact caused by the rapid closing of the clamp, prevents sparks due to metal collision, and avoids causing explosion accidents.

[0013] The drainage valve is composed of a needle valve, an external thread plug, and a branch pipe port. The branch pipe port is connected to the external thread of the external thread plug. The needle valve is installed on the side of the branch pipe port to achieve pressure relief and exhaust functions.

[0014] The pipeline leakage blocking method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Preparation

[0016] S11: Evaluation of plugging conditions

[0017] Confirm the medium in the pipeline, determine whether it is flammable, explosive or toxic, and wear appropriate protective equipment; measure the outer diameter and working pressure of the pipeline to ensure that the selected clamp has the pressure-bearing capacity and size matching;

[0018] S12: Shutdown and pressure relief

[0019] Close the upstream and downstream valves of the pipeline to cut off the medium source; open the drainage valve to empty the residual liquid or gas in the pipeline, ensuring no pressure during operation. For gas pipelines, nitrogen gas should be used to replace the residual gas to prevent explosion;

[0020] S13: Surface treatment

[0021] Use a steel wire brush or sandpaper to remove rust, burrs, and old coatings to ensure the flatness of the clamp sealing surface. If it is a damaged plugging, measure the length and width of the crack or hole, and select a clamp with a coverage range greater than the defect edge;

[0022] S14: Tool and material preparation

[0023] Prepare the installation tools, use a torque wrench to ensure uniform stress on the bolts, adjust the clamp position with a rubber hammer, and select appropriate sealing gaskets according to the medium;

[0024] S2: Installation of plugging clamp

[0025] S21: Positioning clamp

[0026] Align the upper and lower clamping blocks with the defect position of the pipeline to ensure that the sealing gasket completely covers the leakage point. The hydraulic damping assembly will provide cushioning when the clamp is closed;

[0027] S22: Clamp pre-tightening

[0028] After the clamp is positioned, turn the handle, and the gear transmission assembly drives the ring gears on both sides of the clamp to rotate in opposite directions, and the sector cam pre-tightens the clamp in the circumferential direction;

[0029] S23: Gradual pressurization and tightening

[0030] Install the bolts between flange I and flange II to form a sealed cavity between the upper and lower clamping blocks. Use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts in three increments: the first time to 30% torque to make the sealing gasket initially deform and fit; the second time to 60% torque to check if the clamp is offset and adjust the position; the third time to 100% torque to ensure uniform compression of the sealing gasket;

[0031] S3: Test phase

[0032] S31: Visual inspection

[0033] Make sure the fixture is not skewed, the bolts are not loose, and the edges of the gasket are not turned outward or damaged;

[0034] S32: Stress Test

[0035] Use a hydraulic injection system or air pump to uniformly pressurize the sealing cavity to the maximum working pressure, record the data of the pressure and flow monitor, maintain the pressure for 10 to 30 minutes, and observe the changes in pressure and flow. If the pressure drop does not exceed 5% of the initial test pressure and the flow rate remains zero, the sealing performance is qualified.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0037] (1) The present invention addresses the problem of flammability and explosion during the sealing of combustible gas. It uses a hydraulic damping component to slow down the impact of the clamp when closing, thereby avoiding sparks generated by collision during the pipeline leakage sealing clamp operation and causing explosion, thereby improving the safety of the operation.

[0038] (2) The present invention addresses the problems of high physical exertion and easy falling of the blocking fixture during manual installation. The annular locking assembly is used to pre-tighten the fixture, thereby reducing the physical load of the operator and improving the convenience of fixture installation.

[0039] (3) The present invention addresses the problem of difficulty in detecting the sealing performance of a pipeline after it is blocked. A built-in pressure flow monitor is used to monitor the pressure, thereby improving the reliability of the blockage. At the same time, a diversion valve is provided that can both block and guide the flow of the medium, thus providing comprehensive functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is an oblique schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the annular locking assembly of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the ring rack structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sector cam structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gear transmission assembly of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gear bracket structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9This is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic damping assembly of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting plate of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the upper clamping block structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the lower clamping block structure of the present invention;

[0053] In the figure, 1, upper clamping block, 11, T-shaped flange Ⅰ, 12, sealing groove Ⅰ, 13, flange Ⅰ, 14, pressure flow monitor mounting hole, 15, hinged seat Ⅰ, 16, sealing gasket Ⅰ, 17, upper clamping block hinged seat, 2, lower clamping block, 21, T-shaped flange Ⅱ, 22, sealing groove Ⅱ, 23, flange Ⅱ, 24, hinged seat Ⅱ, 25, lower clamping block hinged seat, 26, sealing gasket Ⅱ, 3, annular locking assembly, 31, annular rack, 311, boss Ⅰ, 312, spring seat Ⅰ, 313, annular groove, 32, sector cam, 321, spring seat Ⅱ, 3 22. Through hole I, 33. Spring, 4. Gear transmission assembly, 41. Handle, 42. Drive shaft, 43. Gear bracket, 431. Through hole II, 432. Handle mounting hole, 433. Through hole III, 5. Hydraulic damping assembly, 51. Hinge housing I, 52. Hinge housing II, 53. Connecting rod, 531. Connecting hole I, 532. Connecting hole II, 533. Connecting hole III, 54. Hydraulic cylinder, 541. T-shaped joint, 542. Through hole IV, 6. Pressure flow monitor, 7. Drain valve, 71. Needle valve, 72. Male thread plug, 73. Branch pipe outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the embodiments described are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center," "up," "down," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inside," and "outside" are based on the directions or positional relationships described in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific contexts.

[0057] like Figures 1-13 As shown, this embodiment is an explosion-proof self-clamping pipeline leakage sealing fixture and a sealing method, the explosion-proof self-clamping pipeline leakage sealing fixture includes an upper clamping block 1, a lower clamping block 2, an annular locking assembly 3, a gear transmission assembly 4, a hydraulic damping assembly 5, a pressure flow monitor 6, and a diversion valve 7; wherein the upper clamping block 1 and the lower clamping block 2 are connected at one end by a hinge, and the other end is locked by a bolt, there are two annular locking assemblies 3, which are slidingly connected to the two ends of the closed upper clamping block 1 and the lower clamping block 2, and the initial positions are mirror-symmetrical to each other, the gear transmission assembly 4 is installed at the top of the upper clamping block 1 and connected to the annular locking assembly 3, there are two hydraulic damping assemblies 5, and their two ends are respectively hinged to the upper clamping block 1 and the lower clamping block 2, the pressure flow monitor 6 is installed through the upper clamping block 1, and the diversion valve 7 is arranged on the surface of the upper clamping block 1, opposite to the pressure flow monitor 6.

[0058] In the embodiment, the two end faces of the upper clamp block 1 and the lower clamp block 2 are respectively provided with T-shaped flanges Ⅰ 11 and T-shaped flanges Ⅱ 21, which are oppositely arranged and positionally aligned in the closed state of the clamp; the inner curved surface of the upper clamp block 1 is provided with a pressure flow monitor mounting hole 14, and a sealing groove Ⅰ 12 is arranged around the pressure flow monitor mounting hole 14; a flange Ⅰ 13 with a bolt hole and a hinge seat Ⅰ 15 are arranged outside the sealing groove Ⅰ 12; two upper clamp hinge seats 17 are arranged on the same side of the hinge seat Ⅰ 15; a drainage valve 7 is arranged on the side of the flange Ⅰ 13; and a sealing washer I 18 is arranged in the sealing groove Ⅰ 12; the inner curved surface of the lower clamp block 2 is provided with a sealing groove Ⅱ 22, and a flange Ⅱ 23 and a hinge seat Ⅱ 24 are arranged outside the sealing groove Ⅱ 22; two lower clamp hinge seats 25 are arranged on the same side of the hinge seat Ⅱ 24; and a sealing washer II 26 is arranged in the sealing groove Ⅱ 22; wherein the hinge seat Ⅰ 15 and the hinge seat Ⅱ 24 are connected through a hinge, and in the closed state of the clamp, the sealing washer I 18 and the sealing washer II 26 are abutted and fitted to form a closed and sealed cavity

[0059] In the embodiment, the annular locking assembly 3 comprises an annular rack 31, a sector cam 32 and a spring 33; the outer edge of the annular rack 31 is provided with annularly arranged tooth surfaces, the upper end face is annularly distributed with the same number of bosses Ⅰ 311 and spring seats Ⅰ 312 as the sector cams, and the lower end face is equidistantly provided with an annular groove 313 which is slidably connected with the T-shaped flanges Ⅰ 11 and Ⅱ 21 for realizing the self-clamping and back locking functions of the clamp in the circumferential direction; the sector cam 32 comprises seven sector cams which are evenly hingedly connected to the annular rack 31 on the bosses Ⅰ 311; each sector cam 32 is provided with a through hole Ⅰ 322, the distance from the center line of the through hole Ⅰ 322 to the arc edge thereof is gradually distributed, and the through hole Ⅰ 322 is hingedly connected with the rack through the boss Ⅰ 311; one end of the spring 33 is connected to a spring seat Ⅱ 321 of the sector cam 32, and the other end is connected to a spring seat Ⅰ 312 of the annular rack 31.

[0060] In the embodiment, the gear transmission assembly 4 is composed of a handle 41, a transmission shaft 42 and a gear bracket 43; wherein the bottom end of the handle 41 is fixed with a bevel gear, is installed at the top end of the gear bracket 43, the transmission shaft 42 is installed on both sides of the gear bracket 43, one end of the transmission shaft 42 is fixed with a straight gear, the other end is fixed with a bevel gear, and the bevel gear at one end of the transmission shaft 42 is engaged with the bevel gear at the bottom end of the handle 41 inside the gear bracket 43; the bottom end face of the gear bracket 43 is arc-shaped, the curvature radius of the arc surface is the same as that of the upper clamp block 1, the two ends are provided with lugs, the lugs are provided with a through hole Ⅱ 431, the side surface between the lugs is provided with two coaxial through holes Ⅲ 433, and the upper end face of the bracket is provided with a handle mounting hole 432.

[0061] In the embodiment, the hydraulic damping assembly 5 is composed of hinge shell I 51, hinge shell II 52, L-shaped connecting plate 53 and hydraulic cylinder 54; the hinge shell I 51 and the hinge shell II 52 are connected with the L-shaped connecting plate 53 through pin hinge; the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is hinged with the hinge shell II 52 through the through hole IV 542 at the tail of the hydraulic cylinder 54; the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is provided with a T-shaped joint 541, which is hinged with the connecting hole III 533 at the short end of the L-shaped connecting plate 53 through a pin; the long end of the L-shaped connecting plate 53 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes I 531, and the corner is provided with a connecting hole II 532; the connecting hole I 531 is connected with the hinge shell I 51 through a pin, and the connecting hole II 532 is connected with the hinge shell I 51 and the hinge shell II 52 through a pin.

[0062] In the embodiment, the pipeline leakage plugging method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1: preparation stage

[0064] S11: plugging condition evaluation

[0065] Confirm the medium in the pipeline, judge whether it is flammable, explosive or toxic, and need to wear appropriate protective equipment; measure the outer diameter and working pressure of the pipeline to ensure the pressure-bearing capacity and size matching of the selected clamp;

[0066] S12: stop feeding and pressure relief

[0067] Close the upstream and downstream valves of the pipeline to cut off the medium source; open the drainage valve 7 to empty the residual liquid or gas in the pipeline, ensure that there is no pressure during operation, and for gas pipelines, nitrogen gas is used to replace the residual gas to prevent explosion;

[0068] S13: surface treatment

[0069] Remove rust, burrs and old coatings with a steel wire brush or sandpaper to ensure that the clamp sealing surface is smooth. If it is a damaged plugging, the length and width of the crack or hole need to be measured, and the clamp with a coverage range greater than the defect edge is selected;

[0070] S14: tool and material preparation

[0071] Prepare the installation tools, use a torque wrench to ensure uniform stress of the bolts, adjust the position of the clamp with a rubber hammer, and select appropriate sealing gaskets according to the medium;

[0072] S2: installation of plugging clamp

[0073] S21: fixture positioning

[0074] Align the upper clamp block 1 and the lower clamp block 2 to the pipe defect position, ensure that the gasket completely covers the leakage point, and the hydraulic damping assembly 5 will buffer when the fixture is closed;

[0075] S22: fixture pre-tightening

[0076] After the fixture is positioned, rotate the handle 41, and the gear transmission assembly 4 drives the two annular racks 31 of the fixture to rotate in opposite directions, and the sector cam 32 pre-tightens the circumference of the fixture;

[0077] S23: gradual pressurization and tightening

[0078] Install the bolts between flange I 13 and flange II 23 to form a sealed cavity between the upper clamp block 1 and the lower clamp block 2, and use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts in three increments: the first time to 30% torque to make the gasket preliminarily deform and fit; the second time to 60% torque to check if the fixture is offset and adjust the position; the third time to 100% torque to ensure uniform compression of the gasket;

[0079] S3: test phase

[0080] S31: appearance inspection

[0081] Confirm that the fixture is not skewed, the bolts are not loose, and the edges of the gasket are not turned out or damaged;

[0082] S32: pressure test

[0083] Use a hydraulic injection system or an air pump to uniformly pressurize the sealed cavity to the highest working pressure, record the data of the pressure flow monitor 6, maintain the pressure for 10-30 minutes, observe the changes in pressure and flow, and if the pressure drop is not more than 5% of the initial test pressure and the flow is continuously zero, the sealing performance is qualified.

[0084] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clarity and do not limit the implementation. For ordinary skilled persons in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to exhaust all the implementation. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof self-clamping pipe leak plugging fixture, characterized by: The invention comprises an upper clamping block (1), a lower clamping block (2), an annular locking assembly (3), a gear transmission assembly (4), a hydraulic damping assembly (5), a pressure flow monitor (6), and a diversion valve (7); wherein the upper clamping block (1) and the lower clamping block (2) are connected at one end by a hinge and locked at the other end by a bolt; two annular locking assemblies (3) are slidably connected to the two ends of the closed upper clamping block (1) and the lower clamping block (2); the initial positions are mirror-symmetrical to each other; the gear transmission assembly (4) is installed at the top of the upper clamping block (1) and connected to the annular locking assembly (3); two hydraulic damping assemblies (5) are respectively hinged to the upper clamping block (1) and the lower clamping block (2); the pressure flow monitor (6) is installed through the upper clamping block (1); and the diversion valve (7) is arranged on the surface of the upper clamping block (1) and opposite to the pressure flow monitor (6).

2. The explosion-proof self-clamping pipe leak plugging fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two end faces of the upper clamping block (1) and the lower clamping block (2) are respectively provided with a T-shaped flange I (11) and a T-shaped flange II (21), which are arranged relative to each other and aligned in the clamping fixture closed state; the inner curved surface of the upper clamping block (1) is provided with a pressure flow monitor mounting hole (14), which is surrounded by a sealing groove I (12), and the outer side of the sealing groove I (12) is provided with a flange I (13) with bolt holes and an articulated seat I (15), and two upper clamping block articulated seats (17) are provided on the same side of the articulated seat I (15), and a diversion valve (7) is provided on the side of the flange I (13). A sealing gasket I (18) is installed in the sealing groove I (12); a sealing groove II (22) is provided around the inner curved surface of the lower clamping block (2), and a flange II (23) and an articulated seat II (24) are provided on the outer side thereof, two lower clamping block articulated seats (25) are provided on the same side of the articulated seat II (24), and a sealing gasket II (26) is installed in the sealing groove II (22); wherein, the articulated seat I (15) and the articulated seat II (24) are connected by a hinge, and when the clamp is closed, the sealing gasket I (18) and the sealing gasket II (26) are butted against each other to form a closed sealed cavity.

3. The explosion-proof self-clamping pipe leak plugging fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular locking assembly (3) comprises an annular rack (31), a sector cam (32) and a spring (33); the outer edge of the annular rack (31) is provided with an annularly arranged tooth surface, the upper end face is annularly distributed with bosses I (311) and spring seats I (312) of the same number as the sector cam, and the lower end face is equidistantly provided with annular grooves (313), which are slidably connected to the T-shaped flange I (11) and the T-shaped flange II (21) to realize the circumferential self-clamping and return locking functions of the fixture; the sector cam There are seven (32) in total, which are evenly hingedly connected to the annular rack (31) on the boss I (311) along the circumferential direction. Each sector cam (32) is provided with a through hole I (322). The distance from the center line of the through hole I (322) to its arc edge is gradually distributed. The through hole I (322) is hingedly connected to the rack through the boss I (311); one end of the spring (33) is connected to the spring seat II (321) of the sector cam (32), and the other end is connected to the spring seat I (312) of the annular rack (31).

4. The explosion-proof self-clamping pipe leak plugging fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear transmission assembly (4) is composed of a handle (41), a transmission shaft (42) and a gear bracket (43); wherein, a bevel gear is fixed at the bottom end of the handle (41) and is mounted on the top end of the gear bracket (43); the transmission shaft (42) is mounted on both sides of the gear bracket (43), with a spur gear fixed at one end and a bevel gear fixed at the other end; the helical gear at one end of the transmission shaft (42) and the bevel gear at the bottom end of the handle (41) are meshed inside the gear bracket (43); the bottom end face of the gear bracket (43) is an arc surface, and the curvature radius of the arc surface is the same as that of the upper clamping block (1); lugs are provided at both ends, and a through hole II (431) is provided on the lugs; two coaxial through holes III (433) are provided on the side between the lugs; and a handle mounting hole (432) is provided on the upper end face of the bracket.

5. The explosion-proof self-clamping pipe leakage plugging fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic damping assembly (5) is composed of a hinge housing I (51), a hinge housing II (52), an L-shaped connecting plate (53) and a hydraulic oil cylinder (54); the hinge housing I (51), the hinge housing II (52) and the L-shaped connecting plate (53) are connected by a pin hinge; the bottom of the hydraulic oil cylinder (54) is hinged to the hinge housing II (52) through a pin through a through hole IV (542) at its tail, and a T-shaped connecting rod is provided at the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder (54). The T-shaped joint (541) is hinged to the connecting hole III (533) at the short end of the L-shaped connecting plate (53) through a pin; the long end of the L-shaped connecting plate (53) is provided with a plurality of connecting holes I (531), and a connecting hole II (532) is provided at the corner, the connecting hole I (531) is connected to the hinge shell I (51) through a pin, and the connecting hole II (532) is connected to the hinge joint between the hinge shell I (51) and the hinge shell II (52) through a pin.

6. The explosion-proof self-clamping pipe leak plugging fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage valve (7) is composed of a needle valve (71), an external thread plug (72), and a branch pipe opening (73). The branch pipe opening (73) is connected to the external thread of the external thread plug (72), and the needle valve (71) is installed on the side of the branch pipe opening (73).

7. A pipeline leakage blocking method, characterized by: The explosion-proof self-clamping pipe leakage plugging fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation S11: Plugging condition assessment Confirm the medium in the pipeline and determine whether it is flammable, explosive or toxic. Wear appropriate protective equipment; measure the outer diameter of the pipeline and the working pressure to ensure that the pressure bearing capacity and size of the selected fixture match; S12: Stop transmission and pressure relief Close the upstream and downstream valves of the pipeline to cut off the medium source; open the drainage valve (7) to empty the residual liquid or gas in the pipeline to ensure that there is no pressure during operation. For gas pipelines, nitrogen should be used to replace the residual gas to prevent explosion; S13: Surface treatment Use a wire brush or sandpaper to remove rust, burrs, and old coatings to ensure that the sealing surface of the fixture is flat. If it is a damaged seal, the length and width of the crack or hole must be measured and a fixture with a coverage area larger than the defective edge should be selected; S14: Tools and Materials Preparation Prepare installation tools, use a torque wrench to ensure uniform force on the bolts, adjust the position of the fixture with a rubber hammer, and select appropriate sealing gaskets according to the medium; S2: Installation of plugging fixture S21: Positioning fixture Align the upper clamp (1) and the lower clamp (2) with the defective position of the pipeline to ensure that the sealing gasket completely covers the leaking point. When the clamp is closed, the hydraulic damping component (5) will provide buffering. S22: Clamp pre-tightening After the fixture is positioned, the handle (41) is turned, and the gear transmission assembly (4) drives the two annular racks (31) of the fixture to rotate in opposite directions, and the sector cam (32) pre-tightens the fixture circumferentially; S23: Gradual pressure tightening Install bolts between flange I (13) and flange II (23) to form a sealed cavity between the upper clamp (1) and the lower clamp (2), and tighten the bolts using a torque wrench. Tighten the bolts three times in increments according to the designed torque value: tighten to 30% torque for the first time to allow the gasket to initially deform and fit; tighten to 60% torque for the second time, check whether the fixture is offset and adjust the position; tighten to 100% torque for the third time to ensure that the gasket is evenly compressed; S3: Testing phase S31: Appearance inspection Make sure the fixture is not skewed, the bolts are not loose, and the edges of the gasket are not turned outward or damaged; S32: Stress Test Use a hydraulic injection system or an air pump to uniformly pressurize the sealing cavity to the maximum working pressure, record the data of the pressure flow monitor (6), maintain the pressure for 10 to 30 minutes, and observe the changes in pressure and flow. If the pressure drop does not exceed 5% of the initial test pressure and the flow rate remains zero, the sealing performance is qualified.

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