Quantitative evaluation method for environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation method for environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution, and belongs to the technical field of environmental damage evaluation. The method comprises the steps that the content of various pollutants in the solid waste, the content of the pollutants in the environment and the environment background value and standard value of the pollutants are obtained; calculating a relative contribution factor of the pollutant, an environment concentration factor of the pollutant and a damaged environment medium volume factor; calculating an environmental damage amount of the contaminant based on the pollution duration, the damaged environmental medium volume, and the unit repair cost; based on, and calculating a corrected relative risk contribution of the contaminants, determining the contaminant with the largest as a dominant contaminant d; calculating a damage correction coefficient based thereon; and calculating the total amount of environmental damage ED based on, and the corrected relative risk contribution of, the dominant contaminant d, thereby achieving a scientific and objective quantitative assessment of environmental damage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of environmental damage assessment, and more particularly to a method for quantitatively evaluating environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key task in the field of environmental protection and ecological restoration, environmental damage assessment is becoming increasingly important as environmental problems become more prominent. In particular, the accuracy of the assessment of pollution damage caused by solid waste is directly related to the scientificity and effectiveness of environmental management decisions. Although various environmental damage assessment methods have been developed at home and abroad, there are still many challenges in dealing with the special problem of solid waste pollution.

[0003] Because solid waste pollution usually involves multiple pollutants, there may be synergistic or antagonistic effects between them. At the same time, solid waste pollution often has long-term cumulative effects, and its impact can last for years or even decades. The distribution of pollutants in the environment usually presents spatial heterogeneity, increasing the complexity of the assessment. In addition, solid waste can affect multiple environmental media such as soil, groundwater and surface water, and in some cases can also produce secondary pollutants through chemical reactions or biological effects.

[0004] In the face of these characteristics of solid waste pollution, the existing environmental damage assessment methods caused by pollution are mainly based on simple exceedance multiples for qualitative assessment, lack of systematicness, and are difficult to accurately split the contribution weights of various pollutants to environmental damage. Directly estimate damage based on single concentration or total amount, without considering the correlation between pollution duration and environmental medium volume, resulting in a disconnection between the quantification of environmental damage and the actual situation. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the fact that the existing environmental damage assessment methods caused by pollution are mainly qualitative assessment and do not distinguish the contribution of various pollutants to environmental damage, resulting in a disconnection between the quantification of environmental damage and the actual situation, the present application proposes a scientific and objective method for quantitatively evaluating environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution.

[0006] According to the embodiment of the present application, a method for quantitatively evaluating environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution is disclosed, comprising the following steps: S1, obtaining the content of various pollutants in the solid waste , the content of the pollutants in the environment , the environmental background value of the pollutants and the standard value , and confirming the pollution duration of various pollutants ; S2, calculating the relative contribution factor of the pollutants based on the content of the pollutants in the solid waste and the standard value of the pollutants ​ ; S3, based on the content of pollutants in the environment , environmental background values ​​of pollutants and standard values To calculate the environmental concentration factor of the pollutant ; S4, based on the volume of damaged environmental media and the total volume V of the assessment area to calculate the volume factor of the damaged environmental medium ; S5, relative contribution factors based on pollutants , environmental concentration factors , duration of pollution , volume of damaged environmental medium and unit repair costs To calculate the environmental damage of pollutants ; S6, relative contribution factors based on pollutants , environmental concentration factors and volume factor of damaged environment medium To calculate the adjusted relative risk contribution of a pollutant and will have the largest adjusted relative risk contribution The pollutants are determined as the dominant pollutants d; S7, based on the adjusted relative risk contribution of pollutants To calculate the damage correction factor ; and S8, based on the damage modification factor 、Amount of environmental damage caused by pollutants , the adjusted relative risk contribution of pollutants and the adjusted relative risk contribution of the leading pollutant d To calculate the total amount of environmental damage ED and achieve quantitative assessment of environmental damage.

[0007] In the above embodiment of the present invention, the relative contribution factor of the pollutants in step S2 is It is calculated by the following formula:

[0008] in, represents the relative contribution factor of the i-th pollutant; represents the content of the i-th pollutant in solid waste; represents the standard value of the i-th pollutant; β is the solid waste hazard coefficient.

[0009] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the following priority order is used to determine : a) national environmental quality standards; b) local environmental quality standards; c) risk control values calculated according to the HJ 25.3 risk assessment method; d) internationally recognized standard values; e) analogy values of toxic effects of similar substances or limit values determined by expert argumentation.

[0010] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the environmental concentration factor of the pollutant in step S3 is calculated by the following formula:

[0011] wherein, represents the environmental concentration factor of the ith pollutant; represents the content of the ith pollutant in the environmental medium; represents the background value of the ith pollutant in the local environmental medium.

[0012] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the environmental background value of the pollutant is determined in the following priority order : a) historical monitoring data before pollution occurs; b) contemporaneous monitoring data of the adjacent non-polluted area; c) regional environmental quality background investigation data.

[0013] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the damaged environmental medium volume factor of the pollutant in step S4 is calculated by the following formula:

[0014] wherein, represents the damaged environmental medium factor of the ith pollutant; represents the damaged environmental medium volume of the ith pollutant; represents the total volume of the damaged environmental medium of the assessment area, wherein, for soil pollution, is the damaged soil volume of the ith pollutant, is the total volume of the damaged soil of the assessment area; for groundwater pollution, is the damaged groundwater volume of the ith pollutant, is the total volume of the damaged groundwater aquifer of the assessment area; for surface water pollution, is the polluted water body volume of the ith pollutant, is the total volume of the damaged surface water body of the assessment area.

[0015] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the environmental damage amount of the pollutant in step S5 is calculated by the following formula:

[0016] wherein, an environmental damage amount of the i-th pollutant; a pollution duration of the i-th pollutant; a unit repair cost.

[0017] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the revised relative risk contribution of the pollutant in step S6 is calculated by the following formula: .

[0018] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the damage revision coefficient in step S7 is calculated by the following formula:

[0019] wherein, is a synergistic revision factor of the i-th pollutant, and is related to the type relationship between the secondary pollutant and the dominant pollutant.

[0020] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the total environmental damage amount ED in step S8 is calculated by the following formula: ED = × Σ( × / ).

[0021] The present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application accurately identifies the dominant pollutant by integrating multi-source data such as pollutant content, environmental concentration, background value, duration, etc., and introducing a revised relative risk contribution, and finally dynamically calculates the total environmental damage amount combined with a damage revision coefficient, systematically quantifies the whole-chain influence of pollution source-environment-economy, dynamically revises the long-term cumulative effect, scientifically locks the high-risk pollutants, balances the repair cost and ecological benefits, and is compatible with emerging pollutants and regional differences, providing accurate and operable quantitative basis for environmental management, judicial responsibility definition and repair strategy formulation, and realizing the leap from experience judgment to data-driven.

[0022] The present application considers the interaction between pollutants by introducing a revision factor, avoids repeated calculation of pollution contribution, realizes accurate quantification of the influence degree of different pollutants by introducing a relative contribution factor, an environmental concentration factor and a damaged environmental medium volume factor, and makes the parameters public and traceable, thereby improving the scientificity of pollution assessment; the cumulative effect of multiple pollutants is considered by introducing a damage revision coefficient, and the overlapping situation of pollution range is adjusted, so that the environmental damage amount is more in line with the actual situation.

[0023] The present application has a wide range of applications and can be applied to different types of solid waste pollution cases of soil, groundwater, surface water and other environmental media. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and make other features, objects and advantages of the present invention more apparent. The accompanying drawings and descriptions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 It is the evaluation procedure logic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0028] See Figure 1 , which is the logic diagram of the assessment procedure of the present invention. Specifically, the assessment procedure of the present invention begins with solid waste source identification, which clarifies the source of the solid waste, and at the same time conducts a "method applicability analysis" to determine whether the quantitative assessment method of environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution of the present invention can be adopted. After it is determined that it can be adopted, a damage investigation is conducted to confirm what environmental damage the solid waste has caused. Next, the following items are calculated: the relative contribution factor, which measures the contribution of pollutants in solid waste to environmental damage; the environmental concentration factor, which measures the concentration of pollutants in the environment; the volume factor of damaged environmental media, which measures the volume of the polluted environmental medium. The ecological environmental damage of a single pollutant is then calculated using the relative contribution factor and the environmental concentration factor, and the dominant pollutant is determined using the relative contribution factor, the environmental concentration factor, and the volume factor of the damaged environmental media. The damage correction coefficient is then determined based on the dominant pollutant. Finally, the damage of a single pollutant and the damage correction coefficient are combined to complete the calculation of the amount of ecological environmental damage, thereby achieving a scientific and objective quantitative assessment of environmental damage.

[0029] See Figure 2 In one embodiment, the method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution of the present invention comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining the content of various pollutants in the solid waste; , the content of pollutants in the environment , environmental background values ​​of pollutants and standard values while confirming the pollution duration of each type of pollutant ; S2, based on the content of the pollutant in the solid waste and the standard value of the pollutant to calculate the relative contribution factor of the pollutant ; S3, based on the content of the pollutant in the environment , the environmental background value of the pollutant and the standard value to calculate the environmental concentration factor of the pollutant ; S4, based on the volume of the damaged environmental medium and the total volume V of the evaluation area to calculate the volume factor of the damaged environmental medium ; S5, based on the relative contribution factor of the pollutant , the environmental concentration factor , the pollution duration , the volume of the damaged environmental medium and the unit remediation cost to calculate the environmental damage amount of the pollutant ; S6, based on the relative contribution factor of the pollutant , the environmental concentration factor and the volume factor of the damaged environmental medium to calculate the modified relative risk contribution of the pollutant , and determine the pollutant with the largest modified relative risk contribution as the dominant pollutant d; S7, based on the modified relative risk contribution of the pollutant to calculate the damage modification coefficient ; and S8, based on the damage modification coefficient , the environmental damage amount of the pollutant , the modified relative risk contribution of the pollutant and the modified relative risk contribution of the dominant pollutant d to calculate the total environmental damage amount ED, achieving quantitative assessment of environmental damage.

[0030] In one embodiment, the relative contribution factor of the pollutant in step S2 is calculated by the following formula:

[0031] wherein, represents the relative contribution factor of the i-th pollutant, dimensionless; represents the content of the i-th pollutant in the solid waste, in units of mg / kg or mg / L; is the standard value of the ith pollutant, with units of mg / kg or mg / L; β is the solid waste hazard coefficient, dimensionless.

[0032] In one embodiment, the environmental concentration factor of the pollutant in step S3 can be determined in the following priority order : a) national environmental quality standards; b) local environmental quality standards; c) risk control values calculated according to the HJ 25.3 risk assessment method, wherein the HJ 25.3 risk assessment method refers to the construction land soil pollution risk assessment method specified in the Technical Guidelines for Risk Assessment of Construction Land Soil Pollution (HJ 25.3-2019); d) internationally recognized standard values, such as World Health Organization (WHO), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standards; e) analogy values of similar substances or limit values determined by expert argumentation.

[0033] In one embodiment, the solid waste hazard coefficient β is determined according to the category and nature of the solid waste according to the following Table 1.

[0034] Table 1

[0035] Among them, the hazardous waste and its exempt management refer to the relevant provisions of the National Hazardous Waste List and Exempt List. The classification of general industrial solid waste is implemented in accordance with the Standard for Pollution Control of General Industrial Solid Waste Storage and Disposal Sites (GB 18599). The classification of household garbage is implemented in accordance with the Household Garbage Classification Mark (GB / T 19095). When determining the solid waste hazard coefficient, the physicochemical properties of the solid waste, storage and transportation conditions, and disposal difficulty factors should be considered. If it is difficult to determine the specific category in special circumstances, the value of the similar category can be referred to.

[0036] In one embodiment, the environmental concentration factor of the pollutant in step S3 is calculated by the following formula:

[0037] wherein, is the environmental concentration factor of the ith pollutant, dimensionless; is the content of the ith pollutant in the environmental medium, with units of mg / kg or mg / L, and the content value of each sampling unit represents the pollutant content in a specific medium, which is calculated for multiple sampling units respectively; is the background value of the ith pollutant in the local environmental medium, with units of mg / kg or mg / L.

[0038] In one embodiment, the environmental background value of the pollutant can be determined in the following priority order : a) historical monitoring data before pollution occurrence; b) contemporaneous monitoring data of the nearby non-polluted area; c) regional environmental quality background investigation data, which refers to the data obtained by investigating and monitoring the basic conditions of environmental quality in a specific area. These data can reflect the environmental quality conditions of the area when it is not or less disturbed by human activities.

[0039] In one embodiment, the impaired environmental medium volume factor of the pollutant in step S4 is calculated by the following formula:

[0040] wherein, represents the impaired environmental medium factor of the i-th pollutant, dimensionless; represents the impaired environmental medium volume of the i-th pollutant, in units of m³ or kg; represents the total impaired environmental medium volume of the assessment area, in units of m³ or kg, wherein, for soil pollution, is the impaired soil volume of the i-th pollutant, is the total impaired soil volume of the assessment area; for groundwater pollution, is the impaired groundwater volume of the i-th pollutant, is the total impaired groundwater aquifer volume of the assessment area; for surface water pollution, is the polluted water body volume of the i-th pollutant, is the total impaired surface water body volume of the assessment area.

[0041] In one embodiment, the environmental damage amount of the pollutant in step S5 is calculated by the following formula:

[0042] wherein, represents the environmental damage amount of the i-th pollutant, in units of yuan; represents the pollution duration of the i-th pollutant; represents the unit remediation cost, in units of yuan, wherein the start time of is determined by comprehensively considering the following: a) the time of illegal facts in the judicial and administrative law enforcement records; b) the daily patrol records of the environmental supervision department; c) historical image data such as satellite remote sensing images, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, etc.; d) relevant account books such as enterprise production records, hazardous waste transfer sheets, etc.; e) eyewitness testimonies; f) video monitoring records; g) environmental monitoring data; ​The termination time of the pollution: a) for the case of completed repair, the time to reach the repair target value; b) for the case of ongoing repair, the expected time to reach the target value is determined according to the duration of the repair scheme and the effect prediction of the treatment, and the feasibility demonstration results of the repair scheme should be clearly stated in the evaluation report. After the completion of the repair, the actual time to reach the target value should be verified, and the evaluation results should be adjusted if necessary; c) for the case of not yet carrying out repair, according to the degree of pollution of the site, the feasibility of the repair technology, etc., the time required to reach the repair target value is predicted, and the repair period of similar cases can be referred to; d) for the case of natural recovery, according to the environmental monitoring data and the degradation law of pollutants, the time to reach the repair target value is predicted; e) for the case of administrative law enforcement requiring rectification within a certain period of time, the time of on-site verification is used as the standard, and for the case of incomplete rectification, the expected completion time is determined according to the rectification scheme. In addition to the above considerations, environmental factors such as the migration and transformation law of pollutants in the environment medium, hydrogeological conditions, and meteorological conditions should also be considered to determine the duration of pollution .

[0043] In one embodiment, the modified relative risk contribution of the pollutant in step S6 is calculated by the following formula:

[0044] The maximum pollutant is selected as the dominant pollutant, denoted as pollutant d. The modified relative risk contribution of the dominant pollutant d is denoted as By determining the dominant pollutant, it is helpful to identify the focus of pollution control and allocate resources.

[0045] In one embodiment, the damage modification coefficient in step S7 is calculated by the following formula:

[0046] wherein is the synergistic modification factor of the i-th pollutant, which depends on the type relationship between the secondary pollutant and the dominant pollutant, and is adjusted according to the pollution degree difference, the treatment process difference, the synergistic treatment effect, the repair cost and efficiency, etc. The following Table 2 is a reference value range of .

[0047] Table 2

[0048] In one embodiment, the total environmental damage ED in step S8 is calculated by the following formula: ED = × Σ( × ​ / )。

[0049] The practical application of the present application is described below through specific cases.

[0050] Case 1: Ecological environmental damage assessment of a solid waste pollution site (I) Case background A rural area investigation found that solid waste containing heavy metals was illegally stored. Environmental monitoring showed that the copper and zinc content in the soil significantly exceeded the background value. After investigation, the solid waste storage time was about 3 months (0.25 years), the copper pollution damage range was 11200 cubic meters, and the zinc pollution damage range reached 17100 cubic meters. Monitoring data showed that the copper and zinc content in the solid waste was 150 mg / kg and 800 mg / kg, respectively; the copper content in the contaminated soil was 54 mg / kg (background value 24.7 mg / kg), and the zinc content was 242 mg / kg (background value 68 mg / kg). According to the soil standard for agricultural land GB15618, the soil risk screening values of copper and zinc are 100 mg / kg and 300 mg / kg, respectively. Considering the actual situation, the unit remediation cost is determined to be 25 yuan / (m³·a).

[0051] (II) Assessment process According to the requirements of the solid waste pollution environmental damage quantitative assessment method, the assessment process is divided into three steps: basic data statistics, assessment factor calculation and damage amount calculation. In the assessment process, the content of pollutants in solid waste, the concentration level in the environment, the pollution range and the remediation cost and other key factors are mainly considered.

[0052] Table 1: Pollutant basic data statistics table

[0053] Based on the basic data, the relative contribution factor, environmental concentration factor and damaged environmental medium volume factor of each pollutant are calculated. These factors reflect the relative harm degree of pollutants to the environment, the actual pollution degree and the spatial influence range. It is specially pointed out that the pollution range of copper (11200 m³) in this case is completely located in the pollution range of zinc (17100 m³), indicating that this is a typical complex pollution area.

[0054] Table 2: Assessment factor calculation results table

[0055] Calculation description

[0056] The damage amount is calculated as follows: 1. Calculate the relative contribution factor RCF Copper: 150 / 100 = 1.50 Zinc: 800 / 300 = 2.67 2. Calculate the environmental concentration factor ECF Copper: (54-24.7) / 100 = 0.293 Zinc: (242-68) / 300 = 0.58 3. Calculation of damages caused by a single pollutant

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] 4. Identify the dominant pollutants The main pollutants The maximum value is determined.

[0060] copper: = 0.287 Zinc: = 1.549 Therefore, zinc (Zn) was selected as the dominant pollutant.

[0061] 5. Calculation of the amount of ecological and environmental damage Copper and zinc are both heavy metal pollutants, and their pollution ranges significantly overlap, suggesting strong synergy between treatment processes. Based on the recommended range in the technical guidelines, a synergy correction factor of 0.35 was determined. The calculated damage correction factor is γ = 1 + (0.287 / 1.549) × 0.35 ≈ 1 + 0.0649 = 1.065.

[0062] The amount of ecological environmental damage is calculated by multiplying the damage amount of copper as a single pollutant by the pollution coordination correction coefficient, which is 165831.75×1.065=176610.81 yuan. (3) Evaluation conclusion After determining each assessment factor, combined with the duration of the pollution and the unit remediation cost, the damage amount for copper as a single pollutant was calculated to be 30,765.00 yuan, and the damage amount for zinc as a single pollutant was calculated to be 165,831.75 yuan. By analyzing the adjusted relative risk contributions of the two pollutants, zinc was determined to be the dominant pollutant. Considering that copper and zinc are both heavy metal pollutants, their pollution ranges significantly overlap, and they have strong synergy with their treatment processes, referring to the recommended range of values ​​in the technical guidelines, a synergy correction coefficient of 0.35 was determined, and the final calculated damage correction coefficient was 1.065. Multiplying the damage amount of the dominant pollutant by the damage correction coefficient, the total ecological and environmental damage amount for this pollution incident is calculated to be 176,610.81 yuan.

[0063] (IV) Case Analysis This case study assessed illegal solid waste storage involving two heavy metal pollutants, copper and zinc. Zinc was identified as the dominant pollutant. Although the pollution lasted relatively shortly, it had already caused significant environmental damage. Considering both pollutants are heavy metals, their pollution areas overlap, and their treatment processes exhibit strong synergy, this represents typical complex pollution, resulting in a relatively low damage correction factor.

[0064] Case 2: Damage Assessment of Solid Waste Pollution Around a Chemical Plant (1) Case Background Illegally stored solid waste was discovered near an abandoned chemical plant and identified as hazardous waste. Environmental monitoring revealed significantly excessive levels of hexavalent chromium, benzo[a]pyrene, and petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil. An investigation revealed that the solid waste had been stored for approximately 1.5 years, with hexavalent chromium contamination affecting 8,500 cubic meters, benzo[a]pyrene 12,300 cubic meters, and petroleum hydrocarbons 15,600 cubic meters. Monitoring data revealed hexavalent chromium, benzo[a]pyrene, and petroleum hydrocarbons in the solid waste at 28 mg / kg, 4.2 mg / kg, and 12,800 mg / kg, respectively. The contaminated soil contained 6.8 mg / kg of hexavalent chromium (background value: 0.3 mg / kg), 1.9 mg / kg of benzo[a]pyrene (background value: 0.12 mg / kg), and 5,200 mg / kg of petroleum hydrocarbons (background value: 150 mg / kg). Based on the risk screening values ​​for Category II land use in GB36600, the risk screening values ​​for hexavalent chromium, benzo[a]pyrene, and petroleum hydrocarbons are 5.7 mg / kg, 1.5 mg / kg, and 4500 mg / kg, respectively. Taking into account the pollutant characteristics and remediation difficulty, the unit remediation costs for hexavalent chromium, benzo[a]pyrene, and petroleum hydrocarbons are 500 yuan / m³·a, 100 yuan / m³·a, and 300 yuan / m³·a, respectively.

[0065] (2) Evaluation process Table 1 Basic pollutant data statistics

[0066] Table 2 Evaluation factor calculation results

[0067] (3) Evaluation conclusion Based on the assessment factors for each pollutant, the damages for hexavalent chromium alone were ¥2,678,625, for benzo[a]pyrene alone was ¥1,093,275, and for petroleum hydrocarbons alone was ¥2,106,000. Analysis of the adjusted relative risk contributions of the three pollutants determined that petroleum hydrocarbons were the dominant pollutant.

[0068] Considering the differences in the types of the three pollutants (heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, and petroleum pollutants), and the partial overlap in the pollution range, the treatment processes have certain differences. Referring to the recommended value range in the technical guidelines, the synergistic correction factor of hexavalent chromium (heavy metal) and petroleum hydrocarbon is 0.8, and the synergistic correction factor of benz[a]pyrene and petroleum hydrocarbon (both are organic matter) is 0.5.

[0069] The final calculation of the damage correction coefficient is 1.422. Multiplying the damage amount of the dominant pollutant (petroleum hydrocarbon) by the damage correction coefficient, the total ecological environmental damage amount of this pollution event is 2,994,732 yuan.

[0070] (Four) Case analysis This case demonstrates the application of the solid waste pollution contribution weighted remediation cost method in complex pollution cases. In terms of parameter selection, the environmental quality standard value is set based on the GB36600 second type of land screening value, and the remediation cost is determined considering the characteristics of different pollutants. The damage range is determined according to the migration characteristics. In the calculation process, the relative contribution factor reflects the difference in the hazard level of different pollutants, the environmental concentration factor considers the background value to avoid repeated calculation, and the damaged environmental medium volume factor reflects the spatial distribution characteristics of the pollutants, ensuring the standardization of the evaluation process. For the treatment of complex pollution, this method determines the dominant pollutant based on the modified relative risk contribution, avoiding repeated calculation; determines the synergistic correction factor according to the differences in the properties and treatment processes of the pollutants; and reflects the cumulative effect of complex pollution through the damage correction coefficient.

[0071] The high toxicity and high remediation cost characteristics of hexavalent chromium are considered in the evaluation, reflecting the environmental risk of persistent organic pollutants and the widespread distribution characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. Practice shows that this method has good applicability and scientificity in dealing with complex pollution of multiple pollutants, and can provide reference for similar case evaluation.

[0072] Case 3: Damage assessment case of solid waste pollution in an industrial park (I) Case background Illegal solid waste landfill was found in an industrial park. Environmental monitoring showed that the contents of hexavalent chromium, cadmium and lead in the soil exceeded the standard. After investigation, the landfill time of solid waste was about 2 years, the damage range of hexavalent chromium pollution was 4200 cubic meters, the damage range of cadmium pollution was 12800 cubic meters, and the damage range of lead pollution was 15600 cubic meters. Monitoring data showed that the contents of hexavalent chromium, cadmium and lead in solid waste were 65 mg / kg, 180 mg / kg and 2200 mg / kg respectively; the content of hexavalent chromium in contaminated soil was 8.9 mg / kg (background value 0.2 mg / kg), the content of cadmium was 3.8 mg / kg (background value 0.15 mg / kg), and the content of lead was 680 mg / kg (background value 35 mg / kg). Referring to the screening value of GB36600 for the second type of land, the risk screening values of hexavalent chromium, cadmium and lead were 5.7 mg / kg, 65 mg / kg and 800 mg / kg respectively. Considering the characteristics and remediation difficulty of pollutants, the unit remediation cost of hexavalent chromium, cadmium and lead was 500 yuan / (m³·a), 200 yuan / (m³·a) and 150 yuan / (m³·a) respectively.

[0073] (II) Evaluation process Table 1 Statistical table of basic data of pollutants

[0074] Table 2 Evaluation factor calculation results table

[0075] (III) Evaluation conclusion Based on the evaluation factor calculation results of each pollutant, the single pollutant damage amount of hexavalent chromium was 4,200,000 yuan, the single pollutant damage amount of cadmium was 1,024,000 yuan, and the single pollutant damage amount of lead was 1,404,000 yuan. Through the analysis of the modified relative risk contribution of the three pollutants, although the pollution range of hexavalent chromium is the smallest, due to its high toxicity (reflected in the strict standard value) and higher exceeding multiple, hexavalent chromium is finally determined as the dominant pollutant.

[0076] Considering that the three pollutants are heavy metals and there is partial overlap in the pollution range, the treatment process has strong similarity, and referring to the recommended value range in the technical guidelines, the synergistic correction factor of cadmium and hexavalent chromium is 0.3, and the synergistic correction factor of lead and hexavalent chromium is 0.3.

[0077] The final calculation shows that the damage correction coefficient is 1.159. Multiply the damage amount of the dominant pollutant (hexavalent chromium) by the damage correction coefficient to obtain the total ecological environmental damage amount of this pollution event, which is 4,867,800 yuan.

[0078] (IV) Case analysis This case shows the application of the method of quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution in the assessment of heavy metal combined pollution. In terms of parameter selection, the environmental quality standard value is set based on the second type of land screening value in GB 36600, and the repair cost is determined considering the hazard characteristics and processing difficulty of different heavy metals.

[0079] In the assessment results, although the pollution range of hexavalent chromium is the smallest, due to its strict environmental quality standard value (reflecting its high toxicity), higher exceeding standard multiple and unit repair cost, its modified relative risk contribution is the largest. This result reflects the scientificity of the method: the assessment results depend not only on the pollution range, but also on multiple factors such as the toxicity and exceeding standard degree of pollutants. At the same time, since the three pollutants belong to heavy metals, they have strong synergy in repair technology, so the value of the synergy correction factor is small, which also reflects the reasonable consideration of the method for the properties of pollutants.

[0080] Case 4: Integrated soil, surface water and groundwater pollution case (I) Background of the case In an industrial area, environmental monitoring found that solid waste containing nickel (Ni) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) was illegally stored. Further environmental monitoring showed that the contents of the two pollutants in soil, surface water and groundwater were significantly higher than the local background values. After investigation, the solid waste was stored for about 3 months. The specific pollution situation is as follows: The pollution range of nickel (Ni) includes 10,000 cubic meters of soil, 40,000 cubic meters of surface water and 25,000 cubic meters of groundwater. The content of nickel in solid waste is 100 mg / kg, and the actual concentration in soil is 40 mg / kg (background value 20 mg / kg). The pollution range of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) includes 15,000 cubic meters of soil, 45,000 cubic meters of surface water and 30,000 cubic meters of groundwater. The content of TPH in solid waste is 500 mg / kg, and the actual concentration in soil is 600 mg / kg (background value 200 mg / kg).

[0081] Based on relevant environmental quality standards and local actual conditions, the unit repair cost of each pollutant is determined as follows: the repair cost of nickel in soil is 100 yuan / (m³·year), the repair cost of surface water is 50 yuan / (m³·year), and the repair cost of groundwater is 200 yuan / (m³·year); the repair cost of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in soil is 300 yuan / (m³·year), the repair cost of surface water is 50 yuan / (m³·year), and the repair cost of groundwater is 300 yuan / (m³·year).

[0082] (II) Assessment process According to the requirements of the method for quantitatively assessing the environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution, the assessment process is divided into three steps: basic data statistics, assessment factor calculation, and damage amount calculation. The key factors such as the content of pollutants in solid waste, the concentration level in the environment medium, the pollution range, and the remediation cost are mainly considered in the assessment process.

[0083] Table 1: Pollutant basic data statistics table

[0084] Based on the basic data, the relative contribution factors of each pollutant in different environmental media ( ), environmental concentration factors ( ), and damaged environmental medium volume factors ( ) are calculated. These factors reflect the relative harm degree of pollutants to the environment, the actual pollution degree, and the spatial impact range.

[0085] Table 2: Assessment factor calculation results table

[0086] (Three) Assessment conclusion Based on the assessment factor calculation results of each pollutant, the single pollutant damage amount of nickel in soil, surface water, and groundwater is 610.5 yuan, 111000 yuan, and 41625 yuan, respectively; the single pollutant damage amount of total petroleum hydrocarbon in soil, surface water, and groundwater is 11130.38 yuan, 74962.5 yuan, and 249750 yuan, respectively.

[0087] By analyzing the modified relative risk contribution of pollutants in each environmental medium, it is determined that total petroleum hydrocarbon is the dominant pollutant in soil, surface water, and groundwater. Considering that nickel and total petroleum hydrocarbon are different types of pollutants and the remediation technology is different, the synergistic modification factor of nickel and total petroleum hydrocarbon is set to 0.6, referring to the recommended value range in the technical guidelines. Finally, the damage modification coefficients of soil, surface water, and groundwater are calculated as 1.0989, 1.8897, and 1.1501, respectively.

[0088] The damage amount of the dominant pollutant (total petroleum hydrocarbon) in each environmental medium is multiplied by the corresponding damage modification coefficient to obtain the total damage amount of each environmental medium: soil 12230.98 yuan, surface water 141657.18 yuan, and groundwater 287237.48 yuan. The total ecological environmental damage amount of this pollution event is the sum of the total damage amount of each environmental medium, which is 441125.64 yuan.

[0089] (Four) Case analysis The case shows the application of the solid waste pollution environmental damage quantitative evaluation method of the present application in composite pollution evaluation, and calculates the damage according to the environmental medium. In the selection of the synergistic correction factor, the suggestion of the technical guideline is set according to the suggestion of the technical guideline.

[0090] The evaluation results show that in the soil, surface water and groundwater, the total petroleum hydrocarbon is the largest contributor to the modified relative risk, and is determined as the dominant pollutant in each environmental medium. By applying the corresponding damage correction coefficient to each environmental medium, the total damage of each environmental medium is obtained. The final ecological environmental damage amount is the accumulation of the total damage of each environmental medium. Reflects the pollution situation and repair cost of different environmental media, and the synergistic effect of composite pollution in different environmental media.

[0091] In summary, the solid waste pollution environmental damage quantitative evaluation method of the present application considers the content of pollutants in solid waste, the actual concentration of pollutants in the environment, the environmental background value and standard value of pollutants, and can fully reflect the pollution situation, improve the objectivity and scientificity of the evaluation. The present application helps to identify the key of pollution control and resource allocation by determining the dominant pollutant. The present application considers the interaction between pollutants by introducing the correction factor, avoids the repeated calculation of pollution contribution; by introducing the relative contribution factor, the environmental concentration factor and the volume factor of the damaged environmental medium, the pollution is graded, the influence degree of different pollutants is accurately quantified, the parameters are traceable, the scientificity of pollution evaluation is improved; by introducing the damage correction coefficient, the cumulative effect of multiple pollutants is considered, the overlapping situation of pollution range is adjusted, and the damage amount is more in line with the actual situation. The present application has a wide range of applications, and can be applied to different types of solid waste pollution cases of soil, groundwater, surface water and other environmental media. The present application has more advantages in composite pollution scene, can optimize the calculation of pollution compensation amount, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of evaluation. The evaluation process of the present application is clear, the calculation method is clear, and it has strong operability, easy to implement and popularize.

[0092] The above description is only some of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and the explanation of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the application involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combinations of the above technical features, and should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with the technical features disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure (but not limited to) having similar functions to form a technical solution.

Claims

1. A method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtain the content of various pollutants in solid waste , the content of pollutants in the environment , environmental background values ​​of pollutants and standard values , and confirm the duration of pollution of various pollutants ; S2. Based on the content of pollutants in solid waste and standard values ​​of pollutants To calculate the relative contribution factor of pollutants ; S3. Based on the content of pollutants in the environment , environmental background values ​​of pollutants and standard values To calculate the environmental concentration factor of the pollutant ; S4. Based on the volume of damaged environmental media and the total volume V of the assessment area to calculate the volume factor of the damaged environmental medium ; S5. Relative Contribution Factors Based on Pollutants , environmental concentration factors , duration of pollution , volume of damaged environmental medium and unit repair costs To calculate the environmental damage of pollutants ; S6. Relative Contribution Factors Based on Pollutants , environmental concentration factors and volume factor of damaged environment medium To calculate the adjusted relative risk contribution of a pollutant and will have the largest adjusted relative risk contribution The pollutants are determined as the dominant pollutants d; S7. Pollutant-Based Adjusted Relative Risk Contributions To calculate the damage correction factor ; as well as S8, based on the damage correction factor 、Amount of environmental damage caused by pollutants , the adjusted relative risk contribution of pollutants and the adjusted relative risk contribution of the leading pollutant d To calculate the total amount of environmental damage ED and achieve quantitative assessment of environmental damage.

2. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: Relative contribution factors of pollutants in step S2 It is calculated by the following formula: in, represents the relative contribution factor of the i-th pollutant; represents the content of the i-th pollutant in solid waste; represents the standard value of the i-th pollutant; β is the solid waste hazard coefficient.

3. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determine in the following order of priority : a) National environmental quality standards; b) local environmental quality standards; c) Risk control value calculated according to the risk assessment method in HJ 25.3; d) internationally recognized standard values; e) Analogous values ​​of toxic effects of similar substances or limit values ​​determined by expert demonstration.

4. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: Environmental concentration factors of pollutants in step S3 It is calculated by the following formula: in, represents the environmental concentration factor of the i-th pollutant; It represents the content of the i-th pollutant in the environmental medium; Represents the background value of the i-th pollutant in the local environmental medium.

5. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determine the environmental background value of pollutants according to the following priority order : a) Historical monitoring data before the pollution occurred; b) Contemporaneous monitoring data from adjacent uncontaminated areas; c) Regional environmental quality baseline survey data.

6. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume factor of the damaged environment medium in step S4 It is calculated by the following formula: in, represents the damaged environmental medium factor of the i-th pollutant; represents the volume of the environmental medium damaged by the i-th pollutant; Represents the total volume of damaged environmental media in the assessment area, where for soil pollution, is the volume of soil damaged by the i-th pollutant, To assess the total volume of damaged soil in the area; for groundwater contamination, is the volume of damaged groundwater caused by the i-th pollutant, To assess the total volume of damaged groundwater aquifers in the region; for surface water pollution, is the volume of water polluted by the i-th pollutant, is the total volume of damaged surface water in the assessment area.

7. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental damage amount of the pollutants in step S5 It is calculated by the following formula: in, represents the environmental damage amount of the i-th pollutant; represents the pollution duration of the i-th pollutant; Represents the unit repair cost.

8. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: Corrected relative risk contribution of the pollutant in step S6 It is calculated by the following formula: 。 9. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: Damage correction factor in step S7 It is calculated by the following formula: in, It is the synergistic correction factor of the i-th pollutant and is related to the type relationship between the secondary pollutant and the dominant pollutant.

10. The method for quantitatively assessing environmental damage caused by solid waste pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total environmental damage ED in step S8 is calculated by the following formula: ED = × Σ( × / )。

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