Reaction kettle for producing antistatic agent

Abstract

This invention discloses a reaction vessel for producing antistatic agents, relating to the field of reaction vessel technology. The vessel includes a reaction vessel body; a material receiving component is installed at the top of the reaction vessel body, whereby the total amount of propylene oxide required for the reaction is received in multiple batches and gradually added to the reaction vessel body by the material receiving component, with the amount of propylene oxide received at one time adjustable; a feeding component is installed on the outer wall of the reaction vessel body, used to intermittently add the propylene oxide received by the material receiving component into the reaction vessel body. This invention uses a temperature acquisition component to capture the temperature of the material inside the vessel in real time, and, in conjunction with a data processing and data comparison component, outputs control commands. The material receiving component and the feeding component, with adjustable material receiving function, respond to the commands to complete the feeding of propylene oxide. Simultaneously, combined with a pressure feedback component, it can achieve dynamic adaptation of the feeding amount to the reaction temperature and pressure, ensuring that the reaction remains within a suitable temperature threshold range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reaction vessel technology, and specifically to a reaction vessel for the production of antistatic agents. Background Technology

[0002] Antistatic agents are key additives for improving the safety of petroleum products. Polyamine-type antistatic agents are prepared through the polycondensation reaction of epichlorohydrin and fatty amines (such as octadecylamine). This process typically involves staged heating in a solvent system, ultimately forming a polymer that significantly improves the electrical conductivity of petroleum products. These polyamine molecules contain polyamine groups, which can effectively dissipate static charge through the formation of an electric double layer. In recent years, the durability of their antistatic effect has been further enhanced by combining them with substances such as dopamine, making them an indispensable functional additive in petroleum refining processes.

[0003] Traditional polyamine production processes employ a vacuum reactor combined with gaseous propylene oxide feeding, maintaining a negative pressure environment to reduce the risk of combustion. However, this method has significant drawbacks: the low mass transfer efficiency between gaseous propylene oxide and liquid amines results in a slow reaction rate; unreacted propylene oxide easily accumulates in the gas phase space, forming an explosive mixture; and insufficient sealing of the vacuum system can lead to air infiltration and safety accidents. More importantly, when the reaction temperature is improperly controlled or excessive feed is added, unreacted propylene oxide can rapidly vaporize, causing a sudden increase in reactor pressure, posing a serious safety hazard.

[0004] To overcome the above problems, existing technologies have developed into processes using nitrogen positive pressure protection combined with liquid-phase propylene oxide. For example, patent CN112142608A discloses an antistatic agent and its preparation method. This method describes that "first, in a nitrogen environment with a pressure of 0.15-0.2 MPa, a C8-C12 aliphatic amine is heated to 140-150°C. While heating the aliphatic amine, ethylene oxide is added dropwise via spray. After reacting for 1-3 hours, the mixture is aged and cooled to obtain a hydroxyethyl aliphatic amine. Then, the hydroxyethyl aliphatic amine is mixed with a solvent and heated to 80-120°C. Hydrochloric acid is then added dropwise, and after reacting for 1-3 hours, the mixture is cooled, discharged, and packaged to obtain the antistatic agent. The preparation method of this application has the advantage of improving the yield of the antistatic agent." However, this brings new challenges: the ring-opening addition reaction of propylene oxide (PO) releases a large amount of heat (the added ethylene oxide mentioned in this scheme is more reactive and has a lower boiling point than propylene oxide, which means that ethylene oxide poses a higher safety risk), easily causing local overheating. This intense exothermic reaction may lead to runaway temperature in the reaction system, triggering product degradation side reactions, while accelerating the vaporization process of propylene oxide, which in turn increases the risk of system pressure fluctuations. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a reaction vessel that can balance reaction rate and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reaction vessel for the production of antistatic agents, which allows for flexible adjustment of the injection rate of liquid propylene oxide based on the temperature and pressure conditions inside the reaction vessel, thereby improving the safety of the reaction process.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A reactor for producing an antistatic agent includes a reactor body; a feeding assembly is provided at the top of the reactor body, wherein the total amount of propylene oxide required for the reaction is fed into the reactor body in multiple batches by the feeding assembly, and the amount of propylene oxide fed in each batch is adjustable; a feeding assembly is provided on the outer wall of the reactor body, which is used to intermittently feed the propylene oxide fed by the feeding assembly into the reactor body; a pressure feedback assembly is used to detect abnormal signals of a sudden increase in pressure in the reactor body, and to slow down the feeding action of the feeding assembly when an abnormal signal occurs, including a monitoring seat fixedly connected to the side wall of the reactor body, the monitoring seat having openings at both ends and a wide-mouth cover and a narrow-mouth cover fixedly connected to them respectively, the diameter of the wide-mouth cover being larger than that of the narrow-mouth cover, and a third piston plate slidingly connected between the inner walls of the monitoring seat. The temperature acquisition component includes three temperature sensors positioned at different vertical heights, arranged in a ring with equal arcs when viewed from above. These sensors are used to continuously acquire temperature signals from different locations within the reactor body in real time. The data processing component receives and processes the temperature signals acquired by the acquisition component, averaging the values ​​of the three temperature signals from different locations. The data comparison component compares the average temperature signal with the suitable temperature threshold for the reaction. When the acquired temperature signal is lower than the minimum suitable temperature for the reaction, a material handling action command is generated and transmitted to the material handling component and the feeding component. When the acquired temperature signal after feeding is higher than the maximum suitable temperature for the reaction, a command to reduce the amount of material handled per batch is generated and transmitted to the material handling component.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, a temperature acquisition component is set up to capture the temperature of the material inside the reactor in real time. In conjunction with a data processing component, a precise control command is output based on a PID algorithm. Then, a material handling component and a feeding component with adjustable material handling function respond to the command to complete the feeding of propylene oxide. At the same time, combined with a pressure feedback component, the abnormal pressure inside the reactor can be captured in real time and the feeding can be adjusted. This enables dynamic adaptation of the feeding amount to the reaction temperature and pressure, so that the reaction is always within a suitable temperature threshold range. This avoids the risk of reaction stagnation caused by excessively low temperature or the risk of excessively high temperature. It can also slow down the feeding in time when the pressure rises sharply, fundamentally ensuring the safety and stability of the reaction process, ensuring the controllability of the reaction and laying the foundation for stable product quality.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the feeding component includes a mounting plate fixedly connected to one side of the reactor body, a transfer cylinder fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, the transfer cylinder communicating with the feeding component, a first piston cylinder fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, and a first piston plate slidably connected between the inner walls of the first piston cylinder; a first electric push rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, the movable end of the first electric push rod fixedly connected to the first piston plate, a valve body fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate, the bottom of the valve body communicating with the transfer cylinder through a pipe, and the middle part of one side of the valve body communicating with the first piston cylinder through a pipe; a diffuser fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reactor body, the bottom of the transfer cylinder communicating with the inlet of the diffuser through a pipe, and a one-way valve provided on the pipe connecting the diffuser and the transfer cylinder.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the first piston plate is driven to slide in the first piston cylinder by the first electric push rod. With the anti-backflow function of the one-way valve, propylene oxide can be accurately delivered to the diffuser in the reactor body. The diffuser then disperses the material and puts it into the reactor, preventing concentrated heat generation caused by excessively high local material concentration, ensuring the uniformity of material mixing in the reaction system, providing structural support for uniform reaction, and reducing the impact of local reaction differences on product quality.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the material handling component includes a storage tank fixedly connected to the top of the reactor body, the top of the transfer cylinder and the bottom of the storage tank are connected by a transfer pipe, a second piston plate is slidably connected between the inner walls of the storage tank, an inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the storage tank, and the inlet pipe is connected to an external propylene oxide supply source through a pipeline; a T-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the top of the second piston plate, a second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the reactor body, the movement path of the second electric push rod intersects with the two wings of the T-shaped frame, and a one-way valve is provided inside both the transfer pipe and the inlet pipe.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, a storage tank is set on the top of the reactor body. The second electric push rod drives the T-shaped frame and the second piston plate to slide in the storage tank. With the help of the one-way valves in the feed pipe and the transfer pipe to control the flow of materials, the amount of propylene oxide extracted from the external supply source and transported to the transfer cylinder can be flexibly adjusted each time until the target amount is reached. During the dispensing, the second piston plate moves accordingly, thereby ensuring that the storage tank is continuously sealed, that is, no external air will enter during the dispensing process.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the pressure feedback component further includes a fixed frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the monitoring seat, a square rod slidably connected to the fixed frame, a third piston plate fixedly connected to one end of the square rod, the third piston plate being tightly fitted to the inner wall of the monitoring seat, the end of the square rod away from the third piston plate extending to the other end of the fixed frame and fixedly connected to a rack, a follower frame fixedly connected to the outside of the square rod, and a return spring sleeved outside the square rod and located between the follower frame and the fixed frame; a valve core is rotatably connected inside the valve body, an L-shaped valve hole is opened on the valve core, a pipe interface is provided on the top of the valve body, one end of the valve core central shaft extends into the interior of the monitoring seat and is fixedly connected to a gear, the gear meshing with the rack; a slot is opened on the side wall of the valve core central shaft, and an electromagnetic lock is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the reactor body, the electromagnetic lock cooperating with the slot.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, monitoring seats with wide and narrow opening covers are set on the inner wall of the reactor body. When a sudden increase in pressure occurs in the reactor body, the pressure change can be instantly transmitted to the monitoring seat on the side with the wide opening cover, but it takes a longer time to be transmitted to the side with the narrow opening cover. Therefore, the pressure on the monitoring seat on the side with the wide opening cover is greater than that on the side with the narrow opening cover. This causes the third piston plate to move closer to the narrow opening cover, driving the square rod and rack to move. The follower frame moves with the square rod and compresses the return spring, thereby driving the gear and valve core to rotate until the two ends of the L-shaped valve hole on the valve core are respectively aligned with the pipe interface located at the top of the valve body and the pipe connecting the first piston cylinder. At this time, the first piston plate will not actually act on the transfer cylinder during its movement, so it will not take material from the storage tank or discharge material into the reactor body, thus avoiding overpressure.

[0015] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, a fourth piston plate is slidably connected between the inner walls of the piston cylinder, and the top of the piston cylinder is connected to the pipe interface above the valve body through a pipe; a heat exchange box is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reactor body, a heat exchange tube is fixedly connected inside the reactor body, both the heat exchange box and the heat exchange tube contain coolant, both ends of the heat exchange tube extend to the outside of the reactor body, one end is connected to the piston cylinder, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange box, an absorption tube is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder, the bottom end of the absorption tube extends into the interior of the heat exchange box, a one-way valve is provided at the end of the heat exchange tube near the piston cylinder and inside the absorption tube, and a vent pipe is provided at the top of the heat exchange box.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, a piston cylinder is installed at the bottom of the mounting plate and connected to the valve body pipe interface. At the same time, a cooling liquid circulation is formed between the heat exchange box outside the reactor body and the spiral heat exchange tube inside the reactor. When overpressure occurs inside the reactor body, the release of PO can be stopped, and the above-mentioned backup cooling system can be triggered. By cooling down, not only can the current pressure be relieved in a symptomatic way, but the subsequent pressure generation can also be suppressed in a fundamental way, thereby reducing the vicious cycle of heating up and pressurizing up and improving the safety of the reactor body.

[0017] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the bottom of the heat exchange box has several flow guide slits, and the solid parts on both sides of the flow guide slits are all equipped with cavities, which are connected to the inside of the heat exchange box; an exhaust fan is fixedly installed on one side of the heat exchange box, and the airflow direction of the exhaust fan is parallel to each flow guide slit; the part of the heat exchange tube inside the reactor body is spiral.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange box is significantly improved by setting up guide slits, cavities and exhaust fans, ensuring that the coolant can be cooled down quickly and providing a guarantee for continuous heat dissipation. The spiral heat exchange tubes ensure that the materials in all areas of the reactor can be in full contact with the coolant, avoiding local overheating and effectively reducing the saturated vapor pressure of propylene oxide, thus mitigating the pressure rise trend inside the reactor from a physical perspective. At the same time, efficient and uniform heat dissipation can slow down the exothermic reaction rate from a chemical perspective, avoiding a vicious cycle of temperature and pressure mutually reinforcing each other, and further ensuring the temperature stability of the reactor body under abnormal pressure or normal operating conditions.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the diffuser includes a distribution chamber and a nozzle opened in the lower part of the distribution chamber, and the nozzle is configured to be inclined downward toward the middle of the reactor body.

[0020] The above technical solution ensures that the distribution chamber is evenly distributed to each nozzle, avoiding local accumulation caused by excessive flow in a single nozzle. The downward-sloping nozzles guide the propylene oxide to diffuse towards the center of the reactor, completely solving the problem that liquid propylene oxide tends to sink to the bottom due to its high density, reducing the amount of propylene oxide that vaporizes without reacting in certain areas, and lowering the risk of a sudden increase in pressure inside the reactor.

[0021] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a protective cover is fixedly connected to the outside of the monitoring base, and the protective cover is permeable to gas.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective cover can prevent solid particles (such as NaCl generated in the reaction), material residues and other impurities in the reactor from entering the monitoring seat, avoid impurities from blocking the sliding of the third piston plate and the meshing of gears and racks, and ensure that the moving components of the pressure feedback component can operate flexibly for a long time.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the technical effects achieved by this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0024] 1. This invention provides a reaction vessel for the production of antistatic agents. A temperature acquisition component captures the temperature of the material inside the vessel in real time. Combined with a data processing and comparison component, control commands are output. An adjustable material handling component and a feeding component respond to these commands to feed propylene oxide. Simultaneously, a pressure feedback component detects and adjusts the feeding based on abnormal pressure inside the vessel. This allows for dynamic adaptation of the feeding amount to the reaction temperature and pressure, ensuring the reaction remains within a suitable temperature threshold range. This avoids reaction stagnation due to excessively low temperatures or risks caused by excessively high temperatures. It also allows for timely reduction of feeding when pressure surges, fundamentally ensuring the safety and stability of the reaction process and laying the foundation for stable product quality while guaranteeing reaction controllability.

[0025] 2. This invention provides a reaction vessel for the production of antistatic agents. A first piston plate is driven by a first electric push rod to slide inside a first piston cylinder. With the anti-backflow function of a one-way valve, propylene oxide can be accurately delivered to the diffuser inside the reaction vessel body. The diffuser then disperses the material before it is added to the vessel, preventing concentrated heat generation caused by excessively high local material concentration. This ensures the uniformity of material mixing within the reaction system, provides structural support for uniform reaction, and reduces the impact of local reaction differences on product quality.

[0026] 3. This invention provides a reactor for the production of antistatic agents. By setting monitoring seats with a wide-mouth cover and a narrow-mouth cover on the inner wall of the reactor body, when a sudden increase in pressure occurs in the reactor body, the pressure change can be instantly transmitted to the monitoring seat on the side with the wide-mouth cover, but it takes a longer time to be transmitted to the side with the narrow-mouth cover. Therefore, the pressure on the monitoring seat on the side with the wide-mouth cover is greater than that on the side with the narrow-mouth cover, which causes the third piston plate to move closer to the narrow-mouth cover, driving the square rod and rack to move. The follower frame moves with the square rod and compresses the return spring, thereby driving the gear and valve core to rotate until the two ends of the L-shaped valve hole on the valve core are respectively aligned with the pipe interface located at the top of the valve body and the pipe connecting the first piston cylinder. At this time, the first piston plate will not actually act on the transfer cylinder during its movement, so it will not take material from the storage tank or discharge material into the reactor, thus avoiding overpressure.

[0027] 4. This invention provides a reactor for the production of antistatic agents. By setting a piston cylinder at the bottom of the mounting plate and connecting it to the valve body pipe interface, and simultaneously forming a cooling liquid circulation between the heat exchange box outside the reactor and the spiral heat exchange tube inside the reactor, the addition of PO can be stopped when overpressure occurs in the reactor body, and the aforementioned backup cooling system can be triggered. By cooling down, not only can the current pressure be relieved symptomatically, but the subsequent pressure generation can also be suppressed, fundamentally reducing the vicious cycle of heating up and pressurizing up, and improving the safety of the reactor.

[0028] 5. This invention provides a reactor for the production of antistatic agents. By combining a flow guide slit, a cavity, and an exhaust fan, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange box is significantly improved, ensuring that the coolant can cool down rapidly and providing a guarantee for continuous heat dissipation. The spiral heat exchange tubes ensure that the materials in all areas of the reactor can fully contact the coolant, avoiding local overheating and effectively reducing the saturated vapor pressure of propylene oxide, thus mitigating the tendency of pressure increase inside the reactor from a physical perspective. At the same time, efficient and uniform heat dissipation can slow down the exothermic reaction rate from a chemical perspective, avoiding a vicious cycle of temperature and pressure mutually reinforcing each other, and further ensuring the temperature stability of the reactor under abnormal pressure or normal operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the entire invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the reaction vessel body of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material handling component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the diffuser structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the pressure feedback component of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure feedback component of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the valve body with the valve core in two different working states of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the feeding component and the backup cooling system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a second schematic diagram of the feeding assembly and backup cooling system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the heat exchanger box of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Reactor body; 2. Mounting plate; 301. First piston cylinder; 302. First electric push rod; 303. First piston plate; 304. Valve body; 305. Transfer cylinder; 401. Storage tank; 402. Second piston plate; 403. T-shaped frame; 404. Second electric push rod; 405. Feed pipe; 406. Transfer pipe; 5. Diffuser; 501. Distribution chamber; 502. Spray nozzle; 601. Monitoring seat; 602. Narrow-mouth cover; 603. Wide-mouth cover 604. Third piston plate; 605. Fixed frame; 606. Square rod; 607. Follower frame; 608. Return spring; 609. Rack; 610. Gear; 611. Valve core; 612. L-shaped valve hole; 613. Electromagnetic lock; 614. Slot; 701. Piston cylinder; 702. Fourth piston plate; 703. Heat exchange box; 704. Absorption tube; 705. Heat exchange tube; 706. Exhaust fan; 707. Guide slit; 708. Vent pipe; 8. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0044] Example

[0045] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the present invention provides a reaction vessel for the production of antistatic agents, including a reaction vessel body 1; a material receiving component is provided on the top of the reaction vessel body 1, and the total amount of propylene oxide required for the reaction is taken out by the material receiving component in multiple batches and added into the reaction vessel body 1 one by one, and the amount of propylene oxide taken out at one time is adjustable; a feeding component is provided on the outer wall of the reaction vessel body 1, and the feeding component is used to intermittently add the propylene oxide taken out by the material receiving component into the reaction vessel body 1.

[0046] A pressure feedback component is used to detect abnormal signals of a sudden increase in pressure in the reactor body 1, and to temporarily stop the feeding action of the feeding component when an abnormal signal occurs, until the pressure returns to normal before resuming feeding (the reactor body 1 is equipped with a pressure relief valve for slow pressure release, and the pressure relief threshold of the valve is lower than the threshold at which feeding resumes). It includes a monitoring seat 601 fixedly connected to the side wall of the reactor body 1. The monitoring seat 601 has openings at both ends and is respectively fixedly connected to a wide-mouth cover 603 and a narrow-mouth cover 602. The diameter of the wide-mouth cover 603 is larger than that of the narrow-mouth cover 602. A third piston plate 604 is slidably connected between the inner walls of the seat 601. By providing a monitoring seat 601 with a wide-mouth cover 603 and a narrow-mouth cover 602 on the inner wall of the reactor body 1, when a sudden pressure increase occurs inside the reactor body 1, this pressure change can be instantly transmitted to the monitoring seat 601 on the side where the wide-mouth cover 603 is located. However, it takes a longer time to transmit the pressure to the side where the narrow-mouth cover 602 is located. Therefore, the pressure on the monitoring seat 601 on the side where the wide-mouth cover 603 is located is greater than that on the side where the narrow-mouth cover 602 is located, causing the third piston plate 604 to move closer to the narrow-mouth cover 602.

[0047] The temperature acquisition component includes three temperature sensors positioned at different vertical heights, arranged in a circular, equidistant arc from a top-view perspective. These sensors are used to continuously acquire temperature signals from different locations within the reactor body 1 in real time. The data processing component receives and processes the temperature signals acquired by the temperature acquisition component (t...). a t b t c ), take the average value of the temperature signals at three different locations ( The data comparison component compares the average temperature signal with the suitable reaction temperature threshold (100-120℃). When the collected temperature signal is lower than the minimum suitable reaction temperature (100℃), a material taking action command is generated and transmitted to the material taking component and the feeding component. When the material taking component receives the material taking action command, it starts taking material. The amount of material taken is based on the comparison between the internal temperature of the reactor body 1 when the feeding was completed last time and the maximum suitable reaction temperature (120℃). Specifically, it can gradually approach the most suitable amount of material taken using a binary method. After taking material, the feeding component is used for intermittent feeding. When the temperature signal collected after feeding is higher than the maximum suitable reaction temperature (120℃), a command to reduce the amount of material taken in a single feeding is generated and transmitted to the material taking component, thereby reducing the amount of material taken in the next feeding. The sum of the amounts taken in all feedings is the amount of propylene oxide required for actual production.

[0048] In this embodiment, a temperature acquisition component is set up to capture the temperature of the material inside the reactor in real time. In conjunction with a data processing component, a precise control command is output based on a PID algorithm. Then, a material handling component and a feeding component with adjustable material handling function respond to the command to complete the feeding of propylene oxide. At the same time, combined with a pressure feedback component, the real-time capture of abnormal pressure inside the reactor and the adjustment of feeding can achieve dynamic adaptation between the feeding amount and the reaction temperature and pressure. This ensures that the reaction is always within a suitable temperature threshold range, thereby avoiding the risk of reaction stagnation caused by excessively low temperature or the risk of excessively high temperature. It can also slow down the feeding in time when the pressure rises sharply, fundamentally ensuring the safety and stability of the reaction process, ensuring the controllability of the reaction and laying the foundation for stable product quality.

[0049] Specifically, the temperature acquisition component uses a PT100 temperature sensor, which is in real-time and continuously in contact with the material in the reactor body 1, and converts the temperature signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the data processing component (such as a PLC controller).

[0050] Furthermore, after receiving the temperature electrical signal, the data processing component starts the preset PID control algorithm: first, it compares the real-time temperature with the suitable reaction temperature threshold, which is 100℃~120℃; then, it calculates the adjustment amount corresponding to the temperature deviation and outputs control commands to the material handling component and the feeding component; the reason for avoiding the temperature from falling below the reaction threshold is that when the temperature drops below the threshold, but the feeding speed is not adjusted accordingly, the reaction speed decreases, which means that propylene oxide cannot participate in the reaction quickly after being added. However, the temperature inside the reactor body 1 is still higher than the vaporization temperature of propylene oxide, which will cause the internal pressure of the reactor body 1 to increase sharply.

[0051] Furthermore, the material taking component responds to the control command: if the real-time temperature is lower than the temperature threshold (100°C), the material taking component adjusts the amount of propylene oxide taken at one time (achieved by changing the piston stroke or rotation speed in the specific structure described in claim 3), and the feeding component feeds the taken propylene oxide into the reactor body 1 in batches through the diffuser 5 within a preset time to prevent sudden heating or local overheating, and also to prevent the addition of too much propylene oxide at one time, which would cause some of the propylene oxide to vaporize under high temperature before it could react, thereby causing a sudden increase in the internal pressure of the reactor body 1;

[0052] After the feeding is completed, the temperature acquisition component continuously monitors the temperature change inside the vessel and transmits the new temperature signal back to the data processing component. The data processing component adjusts the amount of material taken by the next feeding component according to the temperature change trend (such as the temperature rise rate). If the temperature rise is insufficient, the amount of material taken is increased; if the temperature overshoots, the amount of material taken is reduced.

[0053] The pressure feedback component can capture the pressure signal inside the reactor in real time. Under normal conditions, the pressure inside the reactor body 1 increases slowly during the feeding process. The increase is the amount of material and nitrogen injected. If a sudden increase in pressure is detected, the feeding time of the feeding component is immediately delayed to avoid the pressure from continuing to exceed the limit.

[0054] It should be noted that the reactor body 1 has its own built-in pressure sensor to monitor the real-time pressure and make corresponding adjustments, such as when to end the aforementioned delayed feeding time. The pressure feedback component, as a safety mechanism triggered in case of an anomaly, can be considered a redundant design and does not conflict with the original pressure stabilization system.

[0055] In addition, the solution is based on adding propylene oxide to the reactor body 1 in liquid phase for reaction. Nitrogen gas is introduced into the reactor body 1 to replace the air and maintain a positive pressure environment, thereby increasing the vaporization temperature of propylene oxide and reducing the amount of propylene oxide vaporized.

[0056] The reactor body 1 is also equipped with a sensor that can detect the oxygen content. This sensor is used to detect the oxygen content inside the reactor body 1 in real time. When the oxygen content increases, nitrogen is introduced to replace the oxygen.

[0057] For abnormal signals of sudden pressure increase: feedback can be obtained from the amount of material fed during the feeding process. If the pressure change is significantly greater than the amount of propylene oxide fed, it is determined that propylene oxide vaporization has occurred, which is the so-called sudden pressure increase signal.

[0058] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, preferably, the feeding assembly includes a mounting plate 2 fixedly connected to one side of the reactor body 1. A transfer cylinder 305 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 2, and the transfer cylinder 305 is connected to the feeding assembly. A first piston cylinder 301 is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 2, and a first piston plate 303 is slidably connected between the inner walls of the first piston cylinder 301. A first electric push rod 302 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 2, and the movable end of the first electric push rod 302 is fixedly connected to the first piston plate 303. A valve body 304 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 2. The bottom of the valve body 304 is connected to the transfer cylinder 305 through a pipe, and the middle part of one side of the valve body 304 is connected to the first piston cylinder 301 through a pipe. A diffuser 5 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reactor body 1. The bottom of the transfer cylinder 305 is connected to the inlet of the diffuser 5 through a pipe, and a one-way valve is provided on the pipe connecting the diffuser 5 and the transfer cylinder 305.

[0059] In the existing technology, when liquid propylene oxide is directly fed, directly adding all of the propylene oxide into the reactor body 1 will result in excessively high local concentration and concentrated heat release. Furthermore, the one-time feeding may cause some of the propylene oxide to vaporize at high temperature before reacting, causing a sudden increase in pressure inside the reactor, which cannot guarantee the uniformity and safety of the feeding.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first piston plate 303 is driven by the first electric push rod 302 to slide inside the first piston cylinder 301. With the anti-backflow function of the one-way valve, propylene oxide can be accurately delivered to the diffuser 5 inside the reactor body 1. The diffuser 5 then disperses the material and puts it into the reactor, preventing concentrated heat generation caused by excessively high local material concentration, ensuring the uniformity of material mixing in the reaction system, providing structural support for uniform reaction, and reducing the impact of local reaction differences on product quality.

[0061] Under the above feeding method, propylene oxide is fed into the reactor body 1 intermittently, thus avoiding local overheating caused by continuous feeding and also avoiding the problem of uneven material distribution.

[0062] Specifically, the mounting plate 2 of the feeding component is a structural support component, and the transfer cylinder 305 is used to temporarily store propylene oxide. When the feeding command is executed, the first electric push rod 302 is energized and extends and retracts, driving the first piston plate 303 fixed thereto to slide on the inner wall of the first piston cylinder 301. Under normal conditions, the valve body 304 ensures that the transfer cylinder 305 and the first piston cylinder 301 are connected (the valve core 611 rotates to connect the transfer cylinder 305 and the first piston cylinder 301 through the L-shaped valve hole 612). When the first piston plate 303 is controlled to move downward by the first electric push rod 302, the space inside the first piston cylinder 301 expands and the pressure decreases. Negative pressure is formed inside both the transfer cylinder 305 and the first piston cylinder 301, so that the transfer cylinder 305 can draw propylene oxide from the feeding component through the pipe. After being drawn in, the propylene oxide accumulates at the bottom of the transfer cylinder 305 under the action of gravity. The amount drawn each time corresponds to the stroke of the first piston plate 303.

[0063] Subsequently, when the first electric push rod 302 drives the first piston plate 303 to move upward, the pressure inside the first piston cylinder 301 increases, and propylene oxide flows through the pipeline into the reactor body 1. During this process, propylene oxide enters the diffuser 5 on the inner wall of the reactor body 1 through a one-way valve (to prevent material from flowing back into the transfer cylinder 305), and after being dispersed by the diffuser 5, it is sprayed into the material inside the reactor, completing one feeding action. During normal operation, after each feeding component completes one feeding action, the first electric push rod 302 continues to reciprocate for a period of time until the PO in the storage cylinder is completely fed into the reactor body 1.

[0064] The above-mentioned method for determining the amount of material to be taken is as follows: First, based on the reaction characteristics, a relatively small amount of propylene oxide is taken using the material taking component and fed into the reactor body 1 using the feeding component. Then, the amount taken is increased in a fixed increment (a) each time until the temperature of the reactor body 1 collected after feeding is higher than the maximum suitable reaction temperature (120℃). The amount is reduced by a / 2 for the next feeding. If it is still higher after feeding, the amount is reduced by a / 4 again. If it is lower than the value after feeding, a / 4 is increased, and so on, until the required amount of propylene oxide is fed. Subsequent feedings are all based on this value and continuously optimized.

[0065] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, preferably, the material handling assembly includes a storage tank 401 fixedly connected to the top of the reactor body 1. The top of the transfer cylinder 305 and the bottom of the storage tank 401 are connected by a transfer pipe 406. A second piston plate 402 is slidably connected between the inner walls of the storage tank 401. An inlet pipe 405 is provided at the bottom of the storage tank 401, and the inlet pipe 405 is connected to an external propylene oxide supply source through a pipeline. A T-shaped frame 403 is fixedly connected to the top of the second piston plate 402, and a second electric push rod 404 is fixedly connected to the top of the reactor body 1. The movement path of the second electric push rod 404 intersects with the two wings of the T-shaped frame 403. One-way valves are provided inside both the transfer pipe 406 and the inlet pipe 405.

[0066] In this embodiment, by setting a storage tank 401 on the top of the reactor body 1, the second electric push rod 404 drives the T-shaped frame 403 and the second piston plate 402 to slide inside the storage tank 401. With the cooperation of the one-way valves in the feed pipe 405 and the transfer pipe 406 to control the flow of materials, the amount of propylene oxide extracted from the external supply source and transported to the transfer cylinder 305 each time can be flexibly adjusted until the target amount is reached. During the dispensing, the second piston plate 402 moves accordingly, thereby ensuring that the storage tank 401 remains sealed, that is, no external air enters during the dispensing process.

[0067] Specifically, the storage tank 401 of the material handling assembly is used to store propylene oxide. The feed pipe 405 at the bottom of the assembly is connected to an external PO supply source via a pipeline (the one-way valve in the feed pipe 405 only allows PO to flow into the storage tank 401 from the outside to prevent backflow). When material handling is required, the second electric push rod 404 is energized and extends, which can push the T-shaped frame 403 upward and drive the second piston plate 402 upward. The lower space in the storage tank 401 expands and the pressure decreases. The PO from the external PO supply source opens the one-way valve of the feed pipe 405 and enters the storage tank 401 to complete the "material suction". After the material suction is completed, the second electric push rod 404 is controlled to retract and disengage from the T-shaped frame 403 so that it will not interfere with the descent of the T-shaped frame 403 during the subsequent material handling process. During the process of the delivery component extracting PO from the storage tank 401 and discharging it into the reactor body 1, the second piston plate 402 moves downward accordingly. During this process, PO pushes open the one-way valve in the transfer pipe 406 (allowing PO to flow from the storage tank 401 into the transfer cylinder 305).

[0068] It should be noted that the amount of material taken from storage tank 401 each time is determined based on temperature changes. That is, the material is added when the temperature is below the suitable reaction temperature threshold, and the amount added ensures that the temperature does not exceed the suitable reaction temperature threshold after the material is fully added. That is, storage tank 401 is the amount added. If PO in storage tank 401 is added to the reactor body 1 all at once, although it may not cause the temperature to exceed the threshold, the accumulation of PO will cause some PO to be vaporized at high temperature without participating in the reaction, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure inside the reactor body 1. Therefore, the PO is added in two separate portions.

[0069] In addition, the reactor body 1 is equipped with both a heating system and a cooling system. In the initial stage of the reaction, before the addition of propylene oxide, the mixing process requires the reactor body 1 to be actively heated to a suitable reaction temperature. During the addition of propylene oxide, it is added in batches according to the above scheme. Heating must be stopped and the cooling system is used to cool it to prevent the temperature from continuously increasing and to keep the temperature within the suitable reaction temperature threshold.

[0070] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, preferably, the pressure feedback assembly further includes a fixing frame 605 fixedly connected between the inner walls of the monitoring seat 601. A square rod 606 is slidably connected to the fixing frame 605. A third piston plate 604 is fixedly connected to one end of the square rod 606. The third piston plate 604 is in close contact with the inner wall of the monitoring seat 601. The end of the square rod 606 away from the third piston plate 604 extends to the other end of the fixing frame 605 and is fixedly connected to a rack 609. A follower frame 607 is fixedly connected to the outside of the square rod 606. The square rod 606 is located outside the follower frame 607 and... A return spring 608 is fitted between the fixed brackets 605; a valve core 611 is rotatably connected inside the valve body 304, and an L-shaped valve hole 612 is opened on the valve core 611. A pipe interface is provided on the top of the valve body 304. One end of the central shaft of the valve core 611 extends into the interior of the monitoring seat 601 and is fixedly connected to a gear 610. The gear 610 meshes with a rack 609. A slot 614 is opened on the side wall of the central shaft of the valve core 611. An electromagnetic lock 613 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the reactor body 1. The electromagnetic lock 613 is used in conjunction with the slot 614.

[0071] Traditional electronic response has the risk of delay, and electronic systems are prone to failure under high temperature and high pressure environments, making it impossible to interrupt feeding in time when the pressure rises suddenly; if only the pressure relief valve is relied upon, the slow pressure relief speed may lead to overpressure and material rushing.

[0072] In this embodiment, during the sudden change in air pressure on the third piston plate 604, the square rod 606 and rack 609 move, the follower frame 607 moves along with the square rod 606, and compresses the return spring 608, thereby driving the gear 610 and valve core 611 to rotate until the two ends of the L-shaped valve hole 612 on the valve core 611 are respectively aligned with the pipe interface located on the top of the valve body 304 and the pipe connecting the first piston cylinder 301. At this time, the first piston plate 303 will not actually affect the transfer cylinder 305 during its movement, so it will not take material from the storage tank 401, nor will it add material to the reactor body 1. The material is discharged, thus avoiding overpressure. In this state, the locking block of the electromagnetic lock 613 is engaged in the slot 614 to complete the locking and positioning, so that the valve core 611 cannot be reset, and the material supply can be stopped for a period of time until the pressure sensor located in the reactor body 1 detects that the pressure has returned to normal. Then, the electromagnetic lock 613 is unlocked, so that the reset spring 608 returns to its original position and pushes the follower frame 607 and the square rod 606 to reset. On the one hand, it drives the third piston plate 604 to reset, and on the other hand, it drives the rack 609 to reset, thereby driving the gear 610 to rotate and driving the valve core 611 to reset.

[0073] The above solution can quickly respond and slow down the feeding action when the pressure inside the vessel suddenly increases. It can achieve real-time protection of mechanical linkage without relying on an additional power source, avoiding the risk of overpressure material rushing that may be caused by the delay in traditional electronic response. It also avoids the situation where the electronic system fails due to long-term high temperature and high pressure environment and thus cannot operate (the reset process is not included in the scope of abnormal operation, so even if there is a failure, there will be no safety hazard). It takes into account both safety protection and reaction continuity.

[0074] The reactor body 1 is also equipped with a pressure relief valve, but the orifice of the pressure relief valve is smaller than that of the narrow-mouth cover 602. When materials are added, the pressure inside the reactor body 1 will increase and slowly recover after a long time, thereby avoiding pressure overload inside the reactor body 1 and preventing the pressure feedback component from failing to operate due to pressure relief.

[0075] like Figure 3 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, preferably, a piston cylinder 701 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 2, and a fourth piston plate 702 is slidably connected between the inner walls of the piston cylinder 701. The top of the piston cylinder 701 is connected to the pipe interface above the valve body 304 through a pipe. A heat exchange box 703 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reactor body 1, and a heat exchange tube 705 is fixedly connected inside the reactor body 1. Both the heat exchange box 703 and the heat exchange tube 705 contain coolant. Both ends of the heat exchange tube 705 extend to the outside of the reactor body 1, with one end connected to the piston cylinder 701 and the other end connected to the heat exchange box 703. An absorption tube 704 is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder 701, and the bottom end of the absorption tube 704 extends into the interior of the heat exchange box 703. A one-way valve is provided at the end of the heat exchange tube 705 near the piston cylinder 701 and inside the absorption tube 704. A vent pipe 708 is provided at the top of the heat exchange box 703.

[0076] Although the pressure feedback component can stop the material supply when the pressure rises sharply, stopping the material supply can only prevent the vaporization of additional propylene oxide, and cannot solve the pressure inside the reactor that has been generated by the high temperature (the saturated vapor pressure of propylene oxide increases exponentially with the increase of temperature); the existing cooling structures are mostly conventional heat dissipation, which cannot quickly enhance the cooling when the pressure rises sharply, and it is difficult to alleviate the pressure rise trend from the root.

[0077] In this embodiment, by setting a piston cylinder 701 at the bottom of the mounting plate 2 and connecting it to the valve body 304 pipe interface, and simultaneously forming a coolant circulation between the heat exchange box 703 outside the reactor body 1 and the spiral heat exchange tube 705 inside the reactor, the release of PO can be stopped when overpressure occurs inside the reactor body 1, and the aforementioned backup cooling system can be triggered.

[0078] The root cause of overpressure in reactor body 1 is the vaporization of PO due to high temperature, leading to a surge in internal pressure. Cooling can solve the problem through both physical and chemical mechanisms: physically, temperature and pressure have an exponential relationship, so even a small cooling can promote vapor condensation and rapidly reduce pressure; chemically, cooling can significantly slow down or even terminate the exothermic reaction rate, reducing heat accumulation at the source and blocking the positive feedback loop of temperature and pressure. Therefore, cooling can both quickly alleviate the current pressure and fundamentally inhibit the continued generation of pressure, making it the most direct and effective means of dealing with overpressure.

[0079] During operation, when the pressure inside the reactor body 1 increases sharply, the valve core 611 rotates, causing the L-shaped valve hole 612 to connect the pipe interface on the valve body 304 and the first piston cylinder 301. In this state, during the movement of the first piston plate 303, the pressure inside the first piston cylinder 301 is transmitted to the piston cylinder 701, thereby causing the fourth piston plate 702 to move accordingly. In conjunction with the one-way valves in the heat exchange tube 705 and the absorption tube 704, the piston cylinder 701 produces the same effect as a piston pump, continuously drawing coolant from the heat exchange box 703 and squeezing it into the heat exchange tube 705. The coolant in the heat exchange tube 705 absorbs heat and is squeezed out, flowing back into the heat exchange box 703, thereby further cooling the inside of the reactor body 1 to alleviate the pressure rise trend inside the reactor body 1.

[0080] like Figure 3 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, preferably, the bottom of the heat exchange box 703 has several guide slits 707, and the solid parts on both sides of the guide slits 707 have cavities that communicate with the interior of the heat exchange box 703; an exhaust fan 706 is fixedly installed on one side of the heat exchange box 703, and the airflow direction of the exhaust fan 706 is parallel to each guide slit 707; the heat exchange tube 705 is spiral in the part inside the reactor body 1.

[0081] Although the above heat exchange system can achieve basic cooling, the heat exchange box 703 has a limited heat dissipation area and low heat dissipation efficiency. In addition, the traditional straight heat exchange tube 705 has a small contact area with the material in the reactor, which can easily lead to untimely heat dissipation in local areas of the reactor and make it impossible to quickly reduce the saturated vapor pressure of propylene oxide.

[0082] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange box 703 is significantly improved by setting the flow guide slit 707, the cavity and the exhaust fan 706 together, ensuring that the coolant can be cooled down quickly and providing a guarantee for continuous heat dissipation; the spiral heat exchange tube 705 ensures that the material in each area of ​​the reactor can be in full contact with the coolant, avoid local overheating, effectively reduce the saturated vapor pressure of propylene oxide, and alleviate the pressure rise trend in the reactor from a physical perspective; at the same time, efficient and uniform heat dissipation can slow down the exothermic reaction rate from a chemical perspective, avoid the vicious cycle of temperature and pressure mutually promoting each other, and further ensure the temperature stability of the reactor body 1 under abnormal pressure or normal operating conditions.

[0083] During operation, the guide slit 707 at the bottom of the heat exchanger 703 increases the contact area between the coolant and the air. The cavities on both sides of the guide slit 707 are connected to the interior of the heat exchanger 703, allowing the coolant inside the heat exchanger 703 to flow into the cavities, further expanding the heat dissipation area. When the exhaust fan 706 on one side of the heat exchanger 703 is powered on, the airflow direction is parallel to the guide slit 707, forming a directional airflow along the guide slit 707, accelerating the dissipation of heat from the guide slit 707 and the surface of the coolant in the cavities, rapidly reducing the coolant temperature. The reactor body... The heat exchange tubes 705 inside the tank are arranged in a spiral shape. On the one hand, this increases the contact area with the material inside the tank, allowing the coolant to absorb heat from the material more fully. On the other hand, the spiral structure guides the coolant to flow slowly inside the tubes, extending the heat exchange time and improving the heat dissipation effect. After absorbing heat in the heat exchange tubes 705, the temperature of the coolant rises. It then flows back to the heat exchange box 703 through the connecting pipe between the heat exchange tubes 705 and the heat exchange box 703. After being cooled by the guide slit 707 and the exhaust fan 706, it re-enters the heat exchange tubes 705 for circulating heat dissipation.

[0084] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, preferably, the diffuser 5 includes a distribution chamber 501 and a nozzle 502 opened in the lower part of the distribution chamber 501, and the nozzle 502 is configured to slope downward toward the middle of the reactor body 1.

[0085] In this embodiment, the design of the distribution chamber 501 ensures that propylene oxide can be evenly distributed to each nozzle 502, avoiding local accumulation caused by excessive flow rate in a single nozzle; the downward-sloping nozzles 502 guide propylene oxide to diffuse towards the center of the reactor, completely solving the problem that liquid propylene oxide tends to sink to the bottom due to its high density, reducing the amount of propylene oxide that vaporizes without reacting in certain areas, and lowering the risk of a sudden increase in pressure inside the reactor; at the same time, the thorough mixing of propylene oxide and materials can ensure the uniformity of the reaction, avoid the generation of by-products caused by local reaction differences, and improve the quality stability of polyamine intermediates.

[0086] The distribution chamber 501 of the diffuser 5 is connected to the bottom pipe of the transfer cylinder 305 and receives propylene oxide delivered by a one-way valve. After the propylene oxide enters the distribution chamber 501, it can be evenly distributed to multiple nozzles 502 at the bottom due to the balanced pressure distribution inside the chamber. The nozzles 502 are set inclined downwards towards the middle of the reactor body 1 (e.g., at an angle of 30° to 45° with the horizontal direction), so that after the propylene oxide is sprayed out from the nozzles 502, it can diffuse directionally to the middle area of ​​the material in the reactor, rather than directly impacting the reactor wall or settling to the bottom. The dispersed propylene oxide can quickly come into contact with materials such as tallow amine and heavy aromatics in the reactor, and further mix under the action of stirring, participating in the ring-opening addition reaction.

[0087] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 12As shown, preferably, a protective cover 8 is fixedly connected to the outside of the monitoring base 601, and the protective cover 8 is permeable to gas.

[0088] In this embodiment, the protective cover 8 can prevent solid particles (such as NaCl generated by the reaction), material residues and other impurities in the reactor from entering the monitoring seat 601, so as to avoid impurities from blocking the sliding of the third piston plate 604 and the meshing of the gear 610 and the rack 609, and ensure that the motion components of the pressure feedback component can move flexibly for a long time.

[0089] The production process of the antistatic agent involved in this solution is as follows: First, tallow amine and a high-boiling-point solvent (such as heavy aromatics) are added to the nitrogen-sealed pressurized reactor body 1, which is equipped with a high-shear dispersion and precision temperature control system, to form a reaction matrix. Then, under the conditions of reaction temperature of 100-120°C and maintaining a slight positive pressure in the system, liquid propylene oxide (PO) is precisely added by submerged injection through your designed intelligent feeding system. The system is controlled by a temperature feedback control unit to regulate the PO feeding rate in real time to ensure a stable reaction. An independent mechanical pressure monitoring unit serves as a safety redundancy, which immediately stops feeding and triggers emergency cooling when a sudden increase in pressure is detected. After the PO addition reaction is completed, solid sodium hydroxide is added to the system for neutralization. Finally, the sodium chloride byproduct generated is removed by centrifugation, and the resulting liquid phase is the polyamine-type antistatic agent product.

[0090] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reaction vessel for producing an antistatic agent, comprising a reaction vessel body (1); characterized in that: The top of the reactor body (1) is provided with a material taking component. The total amount of propylene oxide required for the reaction is taken out by the material taking component in multiple batches and put into the reactor body (1) one by one. The amount of propylene oxide taken out at one time is adjustable. A feeding assembly is provided on the outer wall of the reactor body (1). The feeding assembly is used to intermittently feed the propylene oxide taken by the material taking assembly into the reactor body (1). The pressure feedback component is used to capture abnormal signals of a sudden increase in pressure in the reactor body (1) and to slow down the feeding action of the feeding component when an abnormal signal occurs. It includes a monitoring seat (601) fixedly connected to the side wall of the reactor body (1). The monitoring seat (601) has openings at both ends and is fixedly connected to a wide-mouth cover (603) and a narrow-mouth cover (602) respectively. The diameter of the wide-mouth cover (603) is larger than that of the narrow-mouth cover (602). A third piston plate (604) is slidably connected between the inner walls of the monitoring seat (601). The pressure feedback assembly further includes a fixed frame (605) fixedly connected between the inner walls of the monitoring seat (601). A square rod (606) is slidably connected to the fixed frame (605). One end of the square rod (606) is fixedly connected to the third piston plate (604). The end of the square rod (606) away from the third piston plate (604) extends to the other end of the fixed frame (605) and is fixedly connected to a rack (609). A follower frame (607) is fixedly connected to the outside of the square rod (606). A return spring (608) is sleeved on the outside of the square rod (606) and between the follower frame (607) and the fixed frame (605). A mounting plate (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the reactor body (1). The top of the mounting plate (2) is fixedly connected to a valve body (304), and a valve core (611) is rotatably connected inside the valve body (304). An L-shaped valve hole (612) is opened on the valve core (611). A pipe interface is provided on the top of the valve body (304). One end of the central shaft of the valve core (611) extends into the interior of the monitoring seat (601) and is fixedly connected to a gear (610). The gear (610) meshes with the rack (609). A slot (614) is opened on the side wall of the central shaft of the valve core (611). An electromagnetic lock (613) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the reactor body (1). The electromagnetic lock (613) is used in conjunction with the slot (614). The temperature acquisition component includes three temperature sensors set at different vertical heights inside the reactor body (1), and the three temperature sensors are arranged in a ring with equal arc angles when viewed from above, for real-time and continuous acquisition of temperature signals at different locations inside the reactor body (1). The data processing component is used to receive and process the temperature signal acquired by the temperature acquisition component, and take the average value of the temperature signals at three different locations; The data comparison component compares the average temperature signal with the temperature threshold suitable for the reaction. When the collected temperature signal is lower than the minimum temperature suitable for the reaction, a material handling action command is generated and transmitted to the material handling component and the feeding component. When the collected temperature signal after feeding is higher than the maximum temperature suitable for the reaction, a command to reduce the amount of material handled at one time is generated and transmitted to the material handling component.

2. The reaction vessel for producing an antistatic agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly includes a transfer cylinder (305) fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (2), the transfer cylinder (305) being connected to the feeding assembly, and a first piston cylinder (301) fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (2), with a first piston plate (303) slidably connected between the inner walls of the first piston cylinder (301); a first electric push rod (302) fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (2), the movable end of the first electric push rod (302) being fixedly connected to the first piston plate (303), the bottom of the valve body (304) being connected to the transfer cylinder (305) via a pipe, and the middle part of one side of the valve body (304) being connected to the first piston cylinder (301) via a pipe; a diffuser (5) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reactor body (1), the bottom of the transfer cylinder (305) being connected to the inlet of the diffuser (5) via a pipe, and a one-way valve is provided on the pipe connecting the diffuser (5) and the transfer cylinder (305).

3. The reaction vessel for producing an antistatic agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material handling assembly includes a storage tank (401) fixedly connected to the top of the reactor body (1). The top of the transfer cylinder (305) and the bottom of the storage tank (401) are connected by a transfer pipe (406). A second piston plate (402) is slidably connected between the inner walls of the storage tank (401). An inlet pipe (405) is provided at the bottom of the storage tank (401). The inlet pipe (405) is connected to an external propylene oxide supply source through a pipeline. A T-shaped frame (403) is fixedly connected to the top of the second piston plate (402). A second electric push rod (404) is fixedly connected to the top of the reactor. The movement path of the second electric push rod (404) intersects with the two wings of the T-shaped frame (403). A one-way valve is provided inside both the transfer pipe (406) and the inlet pipe (405).

4. The reaction vessel for producing an antistatic agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: A piston cylinder (701) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (2), and a fourth piston plate (702) is slidably connected between the inner walls of the piston cylinder (701). The top of the piston cylinder (701) is connected to the pipe interface above the valve body (304) through a pipe. A heat exchange box (703) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reactor body (1), and a heat exchange tube (705) is fixedly connected inside the reactor body (1). Both the heat exchange box (703) and the heat exchange tube (705) contain coolant. Both ends of the heat exchange tube (705) extend to the outside of the reactor body (1), and one end is connected to the piston cylinder (701) and the other end is connected to the heat exchange box (703). An absorption tube (704) is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder (701), and the bottom end of the absorption tube (704) extends into the interior of the heat exchange box (703). A one-way valve is provided at the end of the heat exchange tube (705) near the piston cylinder (701) and inside the absorption tube (704). A vent pipe (708) is provided at the top of the heat exchange box (703).

5. The reaction vessel for producing an antistatic agent according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the heat exchange box (703) has several flow guide slits (707), and the solid parts on both sides of the flow guide slits (707) have cavities, which are connected to the interior of the heat exchange box (703); an exhaust fan (706) is fixedly installed on one side of the heat exchange box (703), and the airflow direction of the exhaust fan (706) is parallel to each flow guide slit (707); the heat exchange tube (705) is spiral in the part of the reactor body (1).

6. The reaction vessel for producing an antistatic agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diffuser (5) includes a distribution chamber (501) and a nozzle (502) located at the lower part of the distribution chamber (501), the nozzle (502) being configured to slope downward toward the middle of the reactor body (1).

7. The reaction vessel for producing an antistatic agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The monitoring base (601) is externally fixedly connected to a protective cover (8).

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