An Al-Mg-Si alloy, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention provides an Al-Mg-Si alloy, its preparation method, and its applications. The microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises a first Mg2Si phase and a second Mg2Si phase. The diameter of the first Mg2Si phase is 50-100 nm, and the length of the second Mg2Si phase is 10-30 nm with an aspect ratio of 8-10. The volume fraction of the first Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 15%-25%, and the volume fraction of the second Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 25%-35%. The Al-Mg-Si alloy of this invention possesses both high strength and high electrical conductivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal alloys, specifically to an Al-Mg-Si alloy, its preparation method, and its applications. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys have attracted widespread attention due to their excellent lightweight, high strength, and good electrical conductivity. The demand for high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloys is increasing, particularly in the automotive and aerospace industries. However, existing Al-Mg-Si alloys often present a trade-off between strength and conductivity, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve high strength and high conductivity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an Al-Mg-Si alloy, its preparation method, and its application, which combines high strength and high conductivity.

[0004] This invention provides an Al-Mg-Si alloy, the microstructure of which includes a first Mg2Si phase and a second Mg2Si phase. The diameter of the first Mg2Si phase is 50-100 nm, and the length of the second Mg2Si phase is 10-30 nm with an aspect ratio of 8-10. The volume fraction of the first Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 15%-25%, and the volume fraction of the second Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 25%-35%.

[0005] The Al-Mg-Si alloy described above comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.50%-1.2%, Si 0.05%-0.70%, Fe 0.05%-0.20%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0006] The Al-Mg-Si alloy described above has a strength of 315 MPa to 365 MPa.

[0007] The Al-Mg-Si alloy described above has a conductivity of 52.5% IACS to 53.5% IACS.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the Al-Mg-Si alloy as described above, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, and then performing at least one processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first processing treatment and a second processing treatment, the first processing treatment including a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment being 2%~4%, and the temperature of the first aging heat treatment being 200~230℃; the second processing treatment including a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment being 5%~8%, and the temperature of the second aging heat treatment being 100~130℃.

[0009] In the preparation method of Al-Mg-Si alloy as described above, the first aging heat treatment time is 5~10h.

[0010] In the preparation method of Al-Mg-Si alloy as described above, the second aging heat treatment time is 2~5h.

[0011] In the preparation method of Al-Mg-Si alloy as described above, the quenching temperature is 450℃-500℃.

[0012] The method for preparing Al-Mg-Si alloy as described above further includes: mixing the raw materials for Al-Mg-Si alloy ingots, smelting them, and then casting and rolling them to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot.

[0013] The present invention also provides a structural component comprising the Al-Mg-Si alloy as described above or the Al-Mg-Si alloy prepared according to the Al-Mg-Si alloy preparation method described above.

[0014] This invention provides an Al-Mg-Si alloy, its preparation method, and its applications. The microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises two Mg2Si phases of different sizes. The first Mg2Si phase is spherical or nearly spherical in shape. The spherical precipitates are small in size and dispersed. These precipitates act as obstacles to dislocation movement, forcing dislocations to move through shear or bypass mechanisms, significantly increasing the critical shear stress and contributing to the improvement of the strength of the Al-Mg-Si alloy. The second Mg2Si phase is nearly rod-shaped. The rod-shaped precipitates are formed during the aging stage, with a large aspect ratio and wide spacing. The formation of this type of phase consumes more Mg and Si atoms in the solid solution, reducing lattice distortion and electron scattering, and contributing to the improvement of conductivity. By simultaneously controlling the size and volume fraction of the two Mg2Si phases to meet the range defined by this invention, the strength and conductivity of the Al-Mg-Si alloy can be effectively improved, enabling the Al-Mg-Si alloy to achieve both high strength and high conductivity. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a microstructure diagram of the Al-Mg-Si alloy provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below. The specific embodiments listed below are merely descriptions of the principles and features of the present invention, and the examples are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In existing technologies, Al-Mg-Si alloys often have a trade-off between strength and conductivity, making it difficult to achieve both high strength and high conductivity simultaneously.

[0019] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an Al-Mg-Si alloy, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy includes a first Mg2Si phase and a second Mg2Si phase. The diameter of the first Mg2Si phase is 50~100nm, the length of the second Mg2Si phase is 10~30nm, and the aspect ratio is 8-10. The volume fraction of the first Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 15%~25%, and the volume fraction of the second Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 25%~35%.

[0020] According to research and analysis, the microstructure of the aforementioned Al-Mg-Si alloy includes two Mg2Si phases of different sizes. The first Mg2Si phase is spherical or nearly spherical in shape. The spherical precipitates are small in size and dispersed. These precipitates act as obstacles to dislocation movement, forcing dislocations to move through shear or bypass mechanisms, significantly increasing the critical shear stress and contributing to the improvement of the strength of the Al-Mg-Si alloy. The second Mg2Si phase is nearly rod-shaped. The rod-shaped precipitates form during the aging stage and have a large aspect ratio and wide spacing. The formation of this type of phase consumes more Mg and Si atoms in the solid solution, reducing lattice distortion and electron scattering, which helps to improve conductivity. By simultaneously controlling the size and volume fraction of the two Mg2Si phases to meet the range defined in this invention, the strength and conductivity of the Al-Mg-Si alloy can be effectively improved, allowing the Al-Mg-Si alloy to achieve both high strength and conductivity.

[0021] It is understandable that the microstructure of the aforementioned Al-Mg-Si alloy includes both the first Mg2Si phase and the second Mg2Si phase.

[0022] The first Mg2Si phase is spherical or nearly spherical in shape.

[0023] The diameter of the first Mg2Si phase is 50~100 nm, for example, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 nm or any combination thereof.

[0024] The second Mg2Si phase is rod-shaped.

[0025] The direction of the largest dimension in the second Mg2Si phase is taken as the length direction, and the dimension in this direction is the length of the second Mg2Si phase. The smallest dimension of the second Mg2Si phase in a plane perpendicular to the length direction is taken as the width of the second Mg2Si phase. The ratio of length to width is called the aspect ratio.

[0026] The length of the second Mg2Si phase is 10~30 nm, for example, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 nm or any combination thereof.

[0027] The aspect ratio of the second Mg2Si phase is 8-10.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, the volume fraction of the first Mg2Si phase is the percentage of the volume of the first Mg2Si phase to the volume of the Al-Mg-Si alloy, and the volume fraction of the second Mg2Si phase is the percentage of the volume of the second Mg2Si phase to the volume of the Al-Mg-Si alloy.

[0029] In the Al-Mg-Si alloy described above, the volume fractions of the first Mg2Si phase and the second Mg2Si phase can be obtained statistically from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images.

[0030] The volume fraction of the first Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 15% to 25%, for example, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, or any combination thereof.

[0031] The volume fraction of the second Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 25% to 35%, for example, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, or any combination thereof.

[0032] In some embodiments, the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.50%-1.2%, Si 0.05%-0.70%, Fe 0.05%-0.20%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0033] For example, in the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the mass percentage of Mg is 0.50%-1.2%, for example, 0.50%, 0.60%, 0.70%, 0.80%, 0.90%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, or any combination thereof; the mass percentage of Si is 0.05%-0.70%, for example, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, or any combination thereof; and the mass percentage of Fe is 0.05%-0.20%, for example, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20%, or any combination thereof.

[0034] The strength of the Al-Mg-Si alloy in this embodiment of the invention can be 315MPa~365MPa.

[0035] Furthermore, the conductivity of the aforementioned Al-Mg-Si alloy can be 52.5% IACS to 53.5% IACS.

[0036] Existing technologies still face some problems and limitations in the preparation of high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloys. First, traditional heat treatment and alloying methods often require high temperatures, which not only increases energy consumption but also easily leads to segregation and inhomogeneity of alloy composition, thus affecting the alloy's performance. Second, existing technologies still have certain difficulties in controlling the size, shape, and distribution of precipitated phases, which limits further improvement in alloy performance.

[0037] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, and then performing at least one processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first processing treatment and a second processing treatment, the first processing treatment including a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment being 2%~4%, and the temperature of the first aging heat treatment being 200~230℃; the second processing treatment including a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment being 5%~8%, and the temperature of the second aging heat treatment being 100~130℃.

[0038] According to research and analysis, in the above-mentioned Al-Mg-Si alloy preparation method system, by synergistically controlling the deformation amount of the pre-deformation treatment and the temperature of the aging heat treatment, the size and proportion of the Mg2Si phase in the Al-Mg-Si alloy can be effectively controlled. Specifically, by pre-deforming the Al-Mg-Si alloy, the morphology and distribution of the precipitated phase can be effectively controlled, thereby achieving a balance between alloy strength and conductivity. Controlling the deformation amount of the pre-deformation treatment, the dislocation density is introduced through pre-deformation to regulate the precipitation thermodynamics: high deformation increases dislocation nucleation sites, promotes the high-density dispersion of nanoscale coherent precipitates, and significantly strengthens the alloy; moderate deformation synergistically regulates the morphology of the precipitates (spherical → rod-shaped), which can effectively avoid alloy composition segregation and inhomogeneity. By aging the pre-deformed Al-Mg-Si alloy, the formation and growth of the Mg2Si precipitate can be effectively promoted, optimizing conductivity while maintaining strength, and achieving a synergistic improvement in strength and conductivity.

[0039] Controlling the deformation amount of a pre-deformation treatment to 2%~4%, for example, 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3.0%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9%, 4.0%, or any combination thereof, and the temperature of the first aging heat treatment to 200~230℃, for example, 200, 205, 210, 215, 220, 225, 230℃, or any combination thereof, helps to form a first Mg2Si phase with a diameter of 50nm~100nm, and helps to control the volume fraction of the first Mg2Si phase in the Al-Mg-Si alloy to 15%~25%, thereby helping to improve the strength and conductivity of the Al-Mg-Si alloy.

[0040] The deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is controlled to be 5% to 8%, for example, 5.0%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%, 5.8%, 5.9%, 6.0%, 6.1%, 6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%, 6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 6.9%, 7.0%, or any combination thereof. The temperature of the second aging heat treatment is 100 to 130°C, which helps to form a second Mg2Si phase with a length of 10 to 30 nm and helps to control the volume fraction of the second Mg2Si phase in the Al-Mg-Si alloy to be 25% to 35%, thereby helping to improve the strength and conductivity of the Al-Mg-Si alloy.

[0041] The above preparation method can achieve high performance of Al-Mg-Si alloy at a lower temperature without increasing energy consumption, avoid alloy composition segregation and inhomogeneity, and through precise control of pre-deformation and aging temperature, the size, shape (morphology) and distribution of precipitated phases (such as Mg2Si) can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving a balance between alloy strength and conductivity.

[0042] Furthermore, the preparation method of this invention is simple and easy to industrialize. Compared with existing technologies, the preparation method of this invention does not require complex equipment and techniques, is easy to operate and control, and is conducive to large-scale industrial production. It can be widely used in materials science, metal alloy preparation, and semiconductor material preparation. Moreover, the preparation method of this invention achieves high performance of aluminum-based alloys at relatively low temperatures and can precisely control the morphology and distribution of precipitated phases. This will greatly improve the efficiency and quality of metal alloy preparation, meeting the demand for high-performance aluminum-based alloys in the automotive industry, aerospace, and other fields, and has broad market prospects. In addition, in the field of semiconductor material preparation, since aluminum-based alloys have good conductivity, the introduction of this preparation method will help improve the performance of semiconductor materials and promote the development of semiconductor technology. In summary, this preparation method has broad application prospects and large market demand, and is expected to play an important role in materials science, metal alloy preparation, and semiconductor material preparation.

[0043] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of low temperature, low energy consumption, controllable morphology and distribution of precipitated phases, balance of strength and conductivity, and simple preparation process. It is a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy preparation method with broad application prospects.

[0044] Understandably, the aforementioned Al-Mg-Si alloy ingots can be obtained according to conventional preparation processes in the art, such as mixing the raw materials of Al-Mg-Si alloy ingots and then melting them, followed by continuous casting and continuous rolling (continuous casting and rolling) to obtain the aforementioned Al-Mg-Si alloy ingots (e.g., Al-Mg-Si alloy rods).

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention do not impose special limitations on the process conditions of the above-mentioned quenching treatment.

[0046] In some embodiments, the quenching temperature is 450°C-500°C.

[0047] For example, the quenching temperature is 450°C-500°C, such as 450, 460, 470, 480, 490, 500°C or any combination thereof.

[0048] In practice, after the above quenching treatment is completed, the quenched Al-Mg-Si alloy can be drawn and then processed to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy.

[0049] In the process of obtaining Al-Mg-Si alloy by quenching (hot working) Al-Mg-Si alloy ingots and then performing at least one processing treatment, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., the processing treatment can be performed at least once.

[0050] Specifically, in the above-mentioned at least one processing step, each processing step may be the same or different.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first aging heat treatment is performed for 5 to 10 hours, which helps to fully precipitate and spheroidize the first Mg2Si phase.

[0052] For example, the duration of the first aging heat treatment is 5 to 10 hours, such as 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 hours or any combination thereof.

[0053] In some embodiments, the second aging heat treatment is performed for 2 to 5 hours, which helps to homogenize the precipitation of the second Mg2Si phase.

[0054] For example, the second aging heat treatment time is 2 to 5 hours, such as 2, 3, 4, 5 hours or any combination thereof.

[0055] This invention also provides a structural component comprising the above-described Al-Mg-Si alloy or an Al-Mg-Si alloy prepared according to the above-described Al-Mg-Si alloy preparation method. Based on this Al-Mg-Si alloy, the structural component possesses corresponding properties, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0056] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments and comparative examples. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, materials and instruments used below are all conventional reagents, materials and instruments, all of which are commercially available, and the reagents and materials involved can also be synthesized by conventional synthetic methods.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by two processing treatments to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein, the first processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 3%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 220℃ and the time is 7h; the second processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 7%, the temperature of the second aging heat treatment is 120℃ and the time is 3h; the quenching condition is 470℃; the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.50%, Si 0.05%, Fe 0.05%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by two processing treatments to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein, the first processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, wherein the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 2%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 200℃ and the time is 10h, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 5%, the temperature of the second aging heat treatment is 100℃ and the time is 5h, and the quenching treatment condition is 450℃; other conditions remain unchanged.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by two processing treatments to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein, the first processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, wherein the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 4%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 230℃ and the time is 5h, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 8%, the temperature of the second aging heat treatment is 130℃ and the time is 2h, and the quenching treatment condition is 500℃; other conditions remain unchanged.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a primary processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 1%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 220℃, the quenching condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a primary processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 5%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 220℃, the quenching condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0067] Comparative Example 3

[0068] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a primary processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 1%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 180℃, the quenching condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0069] Comparative Example 4

[0070] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a primary processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 1%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 250℃, the quenching condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0071] Comparative Example 5

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a first processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 4%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 120℃, the quenching condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0073] Comparative Example 6

[0074] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a first processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 9%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 120℃, the quenching condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0075] Comparative Example 7

[0076] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a first processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 7%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 90℃, the quenching condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0077] Comparative Example 8

[0078] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a first processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 7%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 140℃, the quenching condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0079] Comparative Example 9

[0080] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a primary processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 3%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 220℃, the temperature of the quenching treatment is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0081] Comparative Example 10

[0082] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a primary processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 2%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 200℃, the quenching condition is 450℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.50%, Si 0.05%, Fe 0.05%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0083] Comparative Example 11

[0084] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a primary processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 4%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 230℃, the quenching condition is 500℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.70%, Fe 0.20%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0085] Comparative Example 12

[0086] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a first processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 7%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 120℃, the quenching treatment condition is 470℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.80%, Si 0.40%, Fe 0.10%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0087] Comparative Example 13

[0088] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a first processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 5%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 100℃, the quenching treatment condition is 450℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.50%, Si 0.05%, Fe 0.05%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0089] Comparative Example 14

[0090] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising: quenching an Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot, followed by a primary processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy; wherein the processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment, the deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 8%, the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 130℃, the quenching condition is 500℃, and the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.70%, Fe 0.20%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al.

[0091] Test case

[0092] The following parameters of the Al-Mg-Si alloys in each embodiment and comparative example were tested.

[0093] Microstructure of Al-Mg-Si alloy: characterized using transmission electron microscopy.

[0094] The size, shape, distribution, and proportion of the Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of Al-Mg-Si alloys: The proportion of the phase in the transmission electron microscopy images of the microstructure of Al-Mg-Si alloys was statistically analyzed using Image Pro image processing software.

[0095] Strength: The strength of the Al-Mg-Si alloy was tested using a universal testing machine.

[0096] Conductivity: The conductivity of Al-Mg-Si alloy was tested using an eddy current conductivity meter.

[0097] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0098] Table 1 Test Results

[0099]

[0100] Data Analysis:

[0101] As can be seen from the data of various embodiments, by controlling the deformation amount of the pre-deformation to 2%~4% and the aging temperature to 100~230℃, or by controlling the deformation amount of the pre-deformation to 5%~8% and the aging temperature to 100~130℃, the diameter of the first Mg2Si precipitate can be 50nm-100nm and the volume fraction can be 15%~25%, the length of the second Mg2Si phase can be 10~30nm and the aspect ratio can be 8-10, and the volume fraction of the second Mg2Si precipitate can be 25%~35%, so that the Al-Mg-Si alloy has both high strength and high conductivity.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An Al-Mg-Si alloy, characterized in that, The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises, by mass percentage: Mg 0.50%-1.2%, Si 0.05%-0.70%, Fe 0.05%-0.20%, impurities ≤0.02%, and the balance being Al; the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises a first Mg2Si phase and a second Mg2Si phase, wherein the first Mg2Si phase is spherical or nearly spherical in shape and has a diameter of 50-100 nm, and the second Mg2Si phase is rod-shaped and has a length of 10-30 nm and an aspect ratio of 8-10. The volume fraction of the first Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 15% to 25%, and the volume fraction of the second Mg2Si phase in the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 25% to 35%.

2. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strength of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 315MPa~365MPa.

3. The Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The conductivity of the Al-Mg-Si alloy is 52.5% IACS to 53.5% IACS.

4. A method for preparing the Al-Mg-Si alloy according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: An Al-Mg-Si alloy ingot is quenched and then subjected to at least one processing treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy. The processing treatment includes a first processing treatment and a second processing treatment. The first processing treatment includes a first pre-deformation treatment and a first aging heat treatment. The deformation amount of the first pre-deformation treatment is 2%~4%, and the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 200~230℃. The second processing treatment includes a second pre-deformation treatment and a second aging heat treatment. The deformation amount of the second pre-deformation treatment is 5%~8%, and the temperature of the second aging heat treatment is 100~130℃.

5. The method for preparing the Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first aging heat treatment time is 5~10 hours.

6. The method for preparing the Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The second aging heat treatment lasts for 2 to 5 hours.

7. The method for preparing the Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The quenching temperature is 450℃-500℃.

8. The method for preparing the Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The raw materials for Al-Mg-Si alloy ingots are mixed and smelted, then cast and rolled to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy ingots.

9. A structural component, characterized in that, The Al-Mg-Si alloy includes the Al-Mg-Si alloy according to any one of claims 1-3 or the Al-Mg-Si alloy prepared according to any one of claims 4-8.

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