Sliding type supporting device and shield type end support supporting system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling mining supporting, and provides a sliding type supporting device and a shield type end support supporting system. The first stepping assembly is arranged on the frame body and movably connected with the frame body, and the first stepping assembly is located on the inner side of the frame body in the length direction of the frame body; the second stepping assembly is arranged on the frame body and movably connected with the frame body, and the second stepping assembly is located on the outer side of the frame body in the length direction of the frame body; wherein the first stepping assembly and the second stepping assembly can independently ascend, descend and slide relative to the frame body, and in the alternate stepping process of the first stepping assembly and the second stepping assembly, at least one of the first stepping assembly and the second stepping assembly is always in a roof supporting state. By controlling the lifting and sliding time sequence of the first stepping assembly and the second stepping assembly, the top beam of at least one of the first stepping assembly and the second stepping assembly is always in the supporting state, and continuous and uninterrupted supporting of the top plate is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunneling and mining support, and in particular to a sliding support device and a shield-type end bracket support system. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the relevant technology, the existing step-by-step advance support bracket needs to frequently raise and lower the top beam during the step-by-step process, which causes the top beam to frequently support the top plate multiple times, making the top plate more easily broken. When the advance support bracket moves for the second time, the top plate falls directly as the top beam descends, making it difficult to pull the bracket. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to at least solve the technical problems in the related art that during the stepping process of the step-type advance support bracket, the top beam is frequently raised and lowered, which makes it easy to break, and the top beam cannot be continuously supported, and the top plate is easy to fall as the top beam descends.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a sliding support device for supporting a top plate, and the sliding support device includes: a frame; a first stepper assembly, which is arranged on the frame and movably connected to the frame, and the first stepper assembly is located on the inner side of the frame along the length direction of the frame; a second stepper assembly, which is arranged on the frame and movably connected to the frame, and the second stepper assembly is located on the outer side of the frame along the length direction of the frame; wherein the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly can be independently lifted and slid relative to the frame, and during the alternating stepping process of the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly, at least one of the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly is always in a supporting state for the top plate.

[0006] The sliding support device provided by the present application includes a frame, and a first stepper assembly and a second stepper assembly arranged on the frame and movably connected to the frame. Wherein, along the length direction of the frame, the first stepper assembly is located on the inner side of the frame, and the second stepper assembly is located on the outer side of the frame; the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly both include a top beam, a telescopic column for supporting the top beam, and a propulsion assembly and a push assembly for propulsing the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly to slide; the telescopic columns of the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly can independently control the lifting and lowering of their top beams, and the propulsion assembly and the push assembly can independently control the independent sliding and stepping between the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly. During the alternating stepping process of the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly, by controlling the lifting and sliding timing of the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly, the top beam of at least one of the first stepper assembly and the second stepper assembly is always in a raised state and in contact with the top plate, thereby achieving continuous and uninterrupted support for the top plate. The sliding support device provided in this application solves the technical problems of the existing step-by-step advance support bracket, in which the top beam frequently rises and falls during the stepping process, causing the top plate to be easily broken, and the top beam cannot provide continuous support, and the top plate is easily dropped as the top beam descends.

[0007] On the second aspect, the present application proposes a shield-type end bracket support system, including a sliding support device as in the above-mentioned scheme, and a front shield-type end bracket, which is movably connected to the sliding support device, and the front shield-type end bracket can step synchronously with the sliding support device; and a rear shield-type end bracket, which is movably connected to the front shield-type end bracket, and the rear shield-type end bracket can step synchronously with the front shield-type end bracket.

[0008] The shield-type end bracket support system provided in this application includes the sliding support device of the above-mentioned technical solution, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the sliding support device, which will not be repeated here.

[0009] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0011] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a sliding support device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the sliding support device according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 3 This is the third structural diagram of a sliding support device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a shield-type end bracket support system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] in, Figures 1 to 4 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and component names is as follows:

[0016] 100 sliding support device, 110 frame, 120 first stepping assembly, 122 first longitudinal beam, 124 first cross beam, 126 first telescopic column, 130 second stepping assembly, 132 second longitudinal beam, 134 second cross beam, 136 second telescopic column, 138 base, 140 slide rail, 150 slider, 160 propulsion assembly, 170 push assembly, 180 third longitudinal beam, 190 telescopic square box, 200 shield end bracket support system, 210 front shield end bracket, 220 rear shield end bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present application, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict.

[0018] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 4 To describe the sliding support device 100 and the shield end bracket support system 200 provided according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a sliding support device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a second structural diagram of a sliding support device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is the third structural diagram of the sliding support device 100 according to one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a shield-type end bracket support system 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] According to the first aspect of this application, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a sliding support device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application is used to support a top plate, and the sliding support device 100 includes: a frame 110; a first stepper assembly 120, which is arranged on the frame 110 and movably connected to the frame 110, and along the length direction of the frame 110, the first stepper assembly 120 is located on the inner side of the frame 110; a second stepper assembly 130, which is arranged on the frame 110 and movably connected to the frame 110, and along the length direction of the frame 110, the second stepper assembly 130 is located on the outer side of the frame 110; wherein, the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 can be independently lifted and slid relative to the frame 110, and during the alternating stepping process of the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130, at least one of the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 is always in a supporting state for the top plate.

[0022] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sliding support device 100 includes a frame 110, a first stepper assembly 120, and a second stepper assembly 130. The first stepper assembly 120 is arranged on the frame 110 and is movably connected to the frame 110. Along the length direction of the frame 110, the first stepper assembly 120 is located on the inner side of the frame 110; the second stepper assembly 130 is arranged on the frame 110 and is movably connected to the frame 110. Along the length direction of the frame 110, the second stepper assembly 130 is located on the outer side of the frame 110. The first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 can be independently lifted and slid. During the alternating stepping process of the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130, at least one of the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 is always in a state of supporting the top plate. By decomposing the support function into two independently liftable and sliding first stepping components 120 and second stepping components 130, and controlling the action sequence between the first stepping component 120 and the second stepping component 130, seamless support is achieved during the forward stepping process of the sliding support device 100. This "relay-style" movement method fundamentally overcomes the inherent defects of the traditional single-beam stepping support, achieving the technical effects of reducing top plate disturbance, preventing top plate from falling, ensuring support continuity, and reducing frame movement resistance. It solves the technical problems of the existing step-type advance support support, such as the top beam frequently lifting and lowering during the stepping process, which makes the top plate easy to break, and the top beam cannot provide continuous support, so the top plate is easy to fall as the top beam descends.

[0023] Specifically, the overall movement of the sliding support device 100, namely the alternating stepping process of the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130, is as follows: In the initial state, the top beams of the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 are simultaneously raised to support the roof. The first telescopic column 126 of the first stepper assembly 120 is controlled to retract, causing its top beam to descend and detach from the roof. At this point, the top beam of the second stepper assembly 130 remains raised and continues to support the roof. The propulsion assembly 160 is controlled to drive the entire first stepper assembly 120 to slide forward along the frame 110 relative to the second stepper assembly 130 by one step. During this movement, the top beam of the second stepper assembly 130 always supports the roof. After the first stepper assembly 120 slides to a new predetermined position, its first telescopic column 126 is controlled to extend, raising its top beam so that it re-contacts and supports the roof. At this point, the top beams of both the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 are raised to provide support.

[0024] Furthermore, the second telescopic column 136 of the second stepper assembly 130 is controlled to retract, causing its top beam to drop and detach from the top plate. At this time, the top beam of the first stepper assembly 120 remains raised and continues to support the top plate. The push assembly 170 is controlled to drive the entire second stepper assembly 130 to slide forward one step distance along the frame 110 relative to the first stepper assembly 120. During this movement, the top beam of the first stepper assembly 120 always supports the top plate. After the second stepper assembly 130 slides to a new predetermined position, its second telescopic column 136 is controlled to extend, raising its top beam to re-contact and support the top plate. This alternating cycle repeats the above actions to achieve alternating forward stepping between the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130.

[0025] The sliding support device 100 provided in the present application includes a frame 110, and a first stepper assembly 120 and a second stepper assembly 130 that are arranged on the frame 110 and movably connected to the frame 110. In particular, along the length direction of the frame 110, the first stepper assembly 120 is located on the inner side of the frame 110, and the second stepper assembly 130 is located on the outer side of the frame 110; the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 both include a top beam, a telescopic column for supporting the top beam, and a propulsion assembly 160 and a push assembly 170 for propulsing the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 to slide; the telescopic columns of the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 can independently control the lifting and lowering of their top beams, and the propulsion assembly 160 and the push assembly 170 can independently control the independent sliding and stepping between the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130. During the alternating stepping process of the first stepping assembly 120 and the second stepping assembly 130, by controlling the lifting and sliding timing of the first stepping assembly 120 and the second stepping assembly 130, the top beam of at least one of the first stepping assembly 120 and the second stepping assembly 130 is always in a raised state and in contact with the top plate, thereby achieving continuous and uninterrupted support for the top plate.

[0026] In specific applications, the sliding support device 100 is specifically a sliding temporary support device, or a sliding temporary support bracket. The sliding support device 100 can be set as a support device with multiple sizes and multiple sliding steps, which are not listed here.

[0027] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 2 As shown, the sliding support device 100 also includes: a slide rail 140, which is arranged on the second stepping assembly 130 along the length direction of the frame 110; a slider 150, which is arranged on the slide rail 140 and is slidably connected to the slide rail 140; wherein, the first stepping assembly 120 is arranged on the slider 150, and the first stepping assembly 120 slides relative to the second stepping assembly 130 through the slider 150.

[0028] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the sliding support device 100 further includes a slide rail 140 and a slider 150. The slide rail 140 is disposed on the second stepping assembly 130 along the length of the frame 110, that is, the slide rail 140 is disposed on the second stepping assembly 130 along the length of the sliding support device 100. Alternatively, it can be understood that the slide rail 140 is disposed on the second stepping assembly 130 along the forward direction of the sliding support device 100. The slider 150 is disposed on the slide rail 140 and is slidably connected to the slide rail 140, that is, the slider 150 can slide relative to the slide rail 140. The first stepping assembly 120 is disposed on the slider 150. The first stepping assembly 120 slides relative to the second stepping assembly 130 via the slider 150, that is, the first stepping assembly 120 slides relative to the second stepping assembly 130 along the slide rail 140 via the slider 150. In this way, the first stepping assembly 120 and the second stepping assembly 130 can independently rise and fall and slide. During the alternating stepping process of the first stepping assembly 120 and the second stepping assembly 130, by controlling the lifting and sliding timing of the first stepping assembly 120 and the second stepping assembly 130, the top beam of at least one of the first stepping assembly 120 and the second stepping assembly 130 is always in a raised state and in contact with the top plate, thereby achieving continuous and uninterrupted support for the top plate.

[0029] Specifically, the slider 150 and the slide rail 140 form a sliding pair, thereby realizing a mechanical structure that allows the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 to slide relatively independently. When the propulsion assembly 160 or the push assembly 170 applies a driving force, the slider 150 can slide smoothly along the slide rail 140 with the first stepper assembly 120, thereby achieving forward or backward movement of the first stepper assembly 120 relative to the second stepper assembly 130 and the entire frame 110. The sliding connection between the slider 150 and the slide rail 140 ensures that the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 can alternately step. Moreover, compared to direct contact sliding between the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130, the design of the slide rail 140 and the slider 150 can significantly reduce the frictional resistance between the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 when it moves. Lower frictional resistance means that the thrust required to drive the first stepper assembly 120 to slide is smaller, reducing the load and energy consumption of the propulsion assembly 160, improving the efficiency and reliability of the system, and reducing equipment wear. In addition, the slider 150 not only transmits horizontal thrust to drive the sliding, but also needs to withstand the vertical load of the first stepper assembly 120, which includes the deadweight of the first stepper assembly 120 and the partial top plate pressure transmitted when the first stepper assembly 120 is in the support state. The slide rail 140 ultimately transmits these loads to the second stepper assembly 130 and its supporting structure. This ensures that during the movement of the first stepper assembly 120, the weight and potential lateral force can be stably carried and transmitted without affecting the stable support of the second stepper assembly 130.

[0030] In specific applications, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the slide rail 140 can be set as a detachable slide rail 140, so that it is easy to replace and repair the slide rail 140 after it is worn or damaged. The slider 150 can be set as a detachable slider 150, so that it is easy to replace and repair the slider 150 after it is worn or damaged. Compared with directly setting the slide rail 140 on the frame 110 or directly on the second stepping assembly 130, the detachable slide rail 140 can be directly disassembled and replaced after the slide rail 140 is worn, without the need to replace or repair the second stepping assembly 130 and the frame 110, thereby improving replacement and maintenance efficiency and reducing use costs. The specific application can be selected according to actual usage conditions and will not be listed here.

[0031] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the first stepper assembly 120 includes: a plurality of first longitudinal beams 122, which are arranged on the frame 110 and extend along the length direction of the frame 110, and the plurality of first longitudinal beams 122 are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the frame 110; a plurality of first cross beams 124, which are arranged on the lower side of the first longitudinal beams 122 and extend along the width direction of the frame 110, and the plurality of first cross beams 124 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the frame 110 for supporting the first longitudinal beams 122; a plurality of first telescopic columns 126, which are arranged on the lower side of the first cross beam 124 and corresponding to the plurality of first cross beams 124, wherein one end of the first telescopic column 126 is connected to the lower end surface of the first cross beam 124, and the other end of the first telescopic column 126 is supported on the support surface.

[0032] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first stepper assembly 120 includes a plurality of first longitudinal beams 122, a plurality of first transverse beams 124, and a plurality of first telescopic columns 126. The plurality of first longitudinal beams 122 are disposed on the frame 110 and extend along the length of the frame 110. The plurality of first longitudinal beams 122 are spaced apart in the width direction of the frame 110. The spacing of the plurality of first longitudinal beams 122 increases the support area. Furthermore, the spacing between the first longitudinal beams 122 facilitates the placement of the second longitudinal beams 132 of the second stepper assembly 130, allowing the first longitudinal beams 122 and the second longitudinal beams 132 to be staggered, thereby improving support stability. The plurality of first transverse beams 124 are disposed below the first longitudinal beams 122 and extend along the width direction of the frame 110. The plurality of first transverse beams 124 are spaced apart in the length direction of the frame 110 to support the first longitudinal beams 122. The spacing of the plurality of first transverse beams 124 primarily increases the support area and improves support stability. Multiple first telescopic columns 126 are disposed on the underside of the first crossbeam 124, corresponding to the multiple first crossbeams 124. One end of each first telescopic column 126 is connected to the lower end surface of the first crossbeam 124, and the other end of each first telescopic column 126 is supported on the support surface. By disposing a first telescopic column 126 on the underside of each crossbeam, the stability of the support can be improved.

[0033] Specifically, multiple first longitudinal beams 122 extending along the length of the frame 110 are arranged side by side and spaced apart, collectively forming a continuous support platform covering most of the width of the frame 110. The first longitudinal beams 122 directly contact and support the roof, transferring roof pressure downward. This spacing ensures sufficient support coverage while leaving space for the placement of the first crossbeam 124 and first telescopic columns 126 below, as well as possible ventilation and piping arrangements. More importantly, it provides space for the second longitudinal beams 132 of the second stepper assembly 130 to be interspersed. This staggered layout, resembling the teeth of a comb, allows the first and second longitudinal beams 122, 132 of the first and second stepper assemblies 120, 130 to overlap or be closely adjacent in height, while not interfering with each other in planar projection, forming a nearly continuous support top surface. This allows the two assemblies to maintain close contact in their respective support areas during alternating lifting and sliding movements, minimizing blind spots and ensuring effective roof coverage throughout the entire support system. A plurality of first cross beams 124 extend in the width direction and are spaced apart in the length direction. They are located below the first longitudinal beam 122. The main function of the first cross beam 124 is to effectively collect the top plate pressure transmitted from the first longitudinal beam 122 above and to conduct and distribute it laterally in the width direction. The spacing in the length direction provides multiple reliable lateral load-bearing nodes, which enhances the structural rigidity and bending and torsional resistance of the entire first stepper assembly 120 in the length direction, and prevents the first longitudinal beam 122 from bending and deforming due to excessive local pressure. Multi-point support effectively disperses the top plate pressure, avoids stress concentration, reduces the load on a single support point, and improves the stability and bearing capacity of the structure. The "surface support" formed by multiple support points greatly improves the overall stability and lateral force resistance of the first stepper assembly 120 in the support state.

[0034] In specific applications, the first telescopic column 126 can be specifically a multi-stage telescopic cylinder or a hydraulic jack, and the number can be specifically set to 8. The first longitudinal beam 122 can be specifically a top beam, and the number can be specifically set to 2. The first cross beam 124 can be specifically a supporting beam, and the number can be specifically set to 8. The supporting surface can be specifically the tunnel floor or the tunnel working surface, etc., which can be selected according to actual usage and will not be listed here.

[0035] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the second stepping assembly 130 includes: a plurality of second longitudinal beams 132, which are arranged on the frame 110 and extend along the length direction of the frame 110, and the plurality of second longitudinal beams 132 are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the frame 110; a plurality of second cross beams 134, which are arranged on the lower side of the second longitudinal beams 132 and extend along the width direction of the frame 110, and the plurality of second cross beams 134 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the frame 110 for supporting the second longitudinal beams 132; a plurality of second telescopic columns 136, which are arranged on the lower side of the second cross beams 134 and corresponding to the plurality of second cross beams 134, and one end of the second telescopic column 136 is connected to the lower end surface of the second cross beam 134; a base 138, the base 138 is connected to the other end of the second telescopic column 136 to connect and support the plurality of second telescopic columns 136, so that the plurality of second telescopic columns 136 can step simultaneously when the plurality of second telescopic columns 136 are retracted.

[0036] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second stepper assembly 130 includes a plurality of second longitudinal beams 132, a plurality of second transverse beams 134, a plurality of second telescopic columns 136, and a base 138. The plurality of second longitudinal beams 132 are disposed on the frame 110 and extend along the length of the frame 110. The plurality of second longitudinal beams 132 are spaced apart in the width direction of the frame 110. The spacing of the plurality of second longitudinal beams 132 increases the support area. Furthermore, the spacing between the second longitudinal beams 132 facilitates the placement of the first longitudinal beam 122 of the first stepper assembly 120, allowing the first longitudinal beam 122 and the second longitudinal beam 132 to be staggered, thereby improving the stability of the support. The plurality of second transverse beams 134 are disposed on the underside of the second longitudinal beams 132 and extend along the width direction of the frame 110. The plurality of second transverse beams 134 are spaced apart in the length direction of the frame 110 to support the second longitudinal beams 132. The spacing of the plurality of second transverse beams 134 primarily increases the support area and improves the stability of the support. Multiple second telescopic columns 136 are disposed below the second crossbeam 134 and corresponding to the multiple second crossbeams 134. One end of each second telescopic column 136 is connected to the lower end surface of the second crossbeam 134. A base 138 is connected to the other end of each second telescopic column 136 to connect and support the multiple second telescopic columns 136. When the multiple second telescopic columns 136 are retracted, the multiple second telescopic columns 136 can be stepped simultaneously. By disposing the base 138 below the second telescopic columns 136, the multiple second telescopic columns 136 are all connected to the base 138. When the second stepping assembly 130 steps as a whole, the entire stepping can be achieved through the connection of the base 138, improving the consistency of the stepping movement and thereby improving the stability of the stepping movement of the sliding support device 100.

[0037] Specifically, if Figure 2As shown, multiple second longitudinal beams 132 extending along the length of the frame 110 are arranged side by side and spaced apart, and are staggered with the first longitudinal beam 122 of the first stepper assembly 120. This staggered layout allows the longitudinal beams of the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 to jointly cover most of the area in the width direction of the frame 110 in plane projection, forming a nearly continuous support top surface, minimizing the support gap. The spaced arrangement of the second longitudinal beams 132 also provides space for the first longitudinal beams 122 to pass through, and together ensures the continuity and stability of the support coverage. Multiple second cross beams 134 extend along the width direction and are spaced apart in the length direction, located below the second longitudinal beams 132. Their function is similar to that of the first cross beams 124, which also collect and laterally distribute the top plate pressure transmitted from the second longitudinal beams 132 above, thereby enhancing the structural rigidity and deformation resistance of the second stepper assembly 130 in the length direction. All the second telescopic columns 136 are connected through the base 138, so that the second stepping assembly 130 can be lifted and stepped as a whole and moved synchronously, thereby ensuring the structural integrity, consistency and stability of the second stepping assembly 130 during movement and avoiding internal asynchrony problems.

[0038] In specific applications, the second telescopic column 136 can be specifically a multi-stage telescopic cylinder or a hydraulic jack, and the number can be specifically set to 8. The second longitudinal beam 132 can be specifically a top beam, and the number can be specifically set to 3. The second cross beam 134 can be specifically a supporting beam, and the number can be specifically set to 8. It can be selected according to actual usage and will not be listed here.

[0039] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 2 As shown, the first longitudinal beams 122 and the second longitudinal beams 132 are arranged alternately.

[0040] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the staggered arrangement of the first longitudinal beams 122 and the second longitudinal beams 132 allows them to be staggered in planar projection, resembling two rows of tightly meshed "comb teeth." This staggered arrangement allows the projections of the first and second longitudinal beams 122, 132 to cover the vast majority of the width of the frame 110, reducing or even eliminating the support gap between them.

[0041] Specifically, within the limited space in the width direction of the frame 110, the first longitudinal beam 122 and the second longitudinal beam 132 are staggered so that they are closely aligned at the same height level or adjacent height levels. This layout maximizes the use of the limited horizontal space, allowing the two independently stepped first stepper assemblies 120 and the second stepper assemblies 130 to be tightly integrated on the frame 110, together forming an effective support system, without causing the device to be too complicated or impossible to install due to structural conflicts, thereby simplifying the installation structure. Moreover, the staggered arrangement allows the first stepper assembly 120 and the second stepper assembly 130 to independently rise and fall and slide relative to each other without mechanical interference, solving the coexistence and motion interference problems of independently moving assemblies in a limited space, and collaboratively achieving the maximum support coverage, effectively enhancing the continuity of the support and the structural integrity.

[0042] In this way, no matter whether the first stepper assembly 120 or the second stepper assembly 130 is in a supporting state, or both are supporting at the same time, the top surface they jointly constitute can provide nearly continuous support for the top plate, thereby avoiding local unsupported areas caused by structural gaps to the greatest extent and greatly reducing the risk of the top plate falling in these areas.

[0043] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the sliding support device 100 also includes: a propulsion assembly 160, which is arranged on the first step assembly 120 and is used to push the first step assembly 120 to slide along the slide rail 140 for a preset step distance when the first telescopic column 126 is in a retracted state.

[0044] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, the sliding support device 100 further includes a propulsion assembly 160. The propulsion assembly 160 is movably connected to the first step assembly 120. When the first telescopic column 126 is in a retracted state, the propulsion assembly 160 is used to push the first step assembly 120 to slide along the slide rail 140 by a preset step distance, thereby achieving step movement of the first step assembly 120. Thus, when the sliding support device 100 achieves continuous support, the first step assembly 120 is able to advance stepwise.

[0045] Specifically, the specific steps of the stepping movement of the first stepper assembly 120 are as follows: the first telescopic column 126 is retracted, at which time the second stepper assembly 130 supports the top plate. When the first telescopic column 126 is in the retracted state, the piston rod of the propulsion assembly 160 is extended to push the first stepper assembly 120 forward. When the piston rod of the propulsion assembly 160 is extended to reach the preset stroke, that is, after the first stepper assembly 120 has moved the preset step distance, the propulsion assembly 160 stops and is locked under pressure. At this time, the first stepper assembly 120 accurately reaches the new predetermined support position. After the first stepper assembly 120 completes the movement, the first telescopic column 126 extends and rises, and after it is raised again for support, the piston rod of the propulsion assembly 160 is retracted to prepare for the next propulsion. At this time, the retraction of the propulsion assembly 160 will not affect the position of the first stepper assembly 120, because it is now fixed by the first telescopic column 126.

[0046] The propulsion assembly 160 is configured to provide a controllable and directional driving force to the first step assembly 120 when it is out of the support state, accurately controlling the preset step distance of the first step assembly 120 sliding along the slide rail 140, ensuring that the first step assembly 120 moves smoothly, synchronously, and linearly, realizing the independent sliding action of the first step assembly 120, and providing power for the "alternating stepping" between the first step assembly 120 and the second step assembly 130. The propulsion assembly 160 ensures the reliability, accuracy, and efficiency of the first step action of the sliding support device 100.

[0047] In specific applications, the propulsion assembly 160 can be specifically configured as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a hydraulic jack or other hydraulic telescopic devices, etc., which can be selected according to actual usage and are not listed here.

[0048] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the sliding support device 100 further includes: a pushing assembly 170, which is disposed on the second stepping assembly 130 and is used to push the second stepping assembly 130 to move a preset step distance when the second telescopic column 136 is in a retracted state.

[0049] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, the sliding support device 100 further includes a push assembly 170. The push assembly 170 is disposed on the second stepping assembly 130, specifically mounted on the base 138 of the second stepping assembly 130 or a frame structure rigidly connected to the base 138. The push assembly 170 is movably connected to the second stepping assembly 130 and is used to push the second stepping assembly 130 to move a preset step distance when the second telescopic column 136 is in the retracted state. This enables the second stepping assembly 130 to move in a stepwise manner, thereby achieving stepwise advancement of the second stepping assembly 130 while the sliding support device 100 provides continuous support.

[0050] Specifically, the specific steps for the stepping movement of the second stepper assembly 130 are as follows: when the second stepper assembly 130 needs to move forward, the second telescopic columns 136 are retracted. At this time, the top beam of the second stepper assembly 130 has dropped off the top plate and no longer supports the top plate. At this time, the top beam of the first stepper assembly 120 remains raised, continuing to support the top plate. The piston rod of the push assembly 170 extends, pushing the base 138 of the second stepper assembly 130 forward. Because the base 138 connects all the second telescopic columns 136 and supports the second crossbeam 134 and second longitudinal beam 132, the entire second stepper assembly 130 acts as a single unit and is driven forward by the push assembly 170 by a preset step distance. The preset step distance is the same as the preset step distance of the first stepper assembly 120 driven by the propulsion assembly 160. When the piston rod of the push assembly 170 reaches the preset stroke, it stops and locks under pressure. At this point, the second stepper assembly 130 has precisely reached the new predetermined support position. After the second stepping assembly 130 completes its movement and re-raises the support, the pushing assembly 170 retracts, that is, the piston rod is retracted, to prepare for the next pushing.

[0051] The setting of the pushing component 170 is to provide a controllable and directional driving force for the second stepping component 130 when it is out of the supporting state, accurately control the second stepping component 130 to step forward a preset step distance, ensure the second stepping component 130 to move smoothly, synchronously and linearly, realize the independent sliding action of the second stepping component 130, and provide power for the "alternating stepping" between the second stepping component 130 and the first stepping component 120. The pushing component ensures the reliability, accuracy and efficiency of the second stepping action of the sliding support device 100.

[0052] In specific applications, the pushing component 170 can be specifically configured as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a hydraulic jack or other hydraulic telescopic devices, etc., which can be selected according to actual usage and are not listed here.

[0053] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the preset step distance is L, and L satisfies 800mm≤L≤1000mm.

[0054] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the preset step distance L is set within the range of 800mm to 1000mm to ensure that after the tunnel boring machine completes a cycle and the working face advances, the sliding support device 100 only needs to perform 1-2 alternating steps to quickly and effectively support the newly exposed roof area, control the roof in time, and avoid the risk of falling caused by too long an empty roof time.

[0055] Specifically, the preset step distance L determines the distance that the component moves each time. If the step distance is too small (L<800mm), the frame moving operation will be too frequent, which will increase the operation time and reduce the overall efficiency. It may also cause cumulative disturbances to the roof due to small and frequent lifting and lowering. If the step distance is too large (L>1000mm), there will be two major problems: First, the support blind area will increase. In the brief moment when the components move alternately, there will be a "gap" in the support coverage area. The larger the step distance, the longer the distance of this gap along the length direction, which increases the risk of the roof losing timely and effective support in this local area. Second, the exposed time and area of ​​the roof increase. When a single component is moved, the roof area covered by itself is in an unsupported state during the movement. The larger the step distance, the longer the exposure time and area of ​​the area, and the greater the possibility of the roof sinking or falling.

[0056] Setting the preset step distance L in the range of 800mm to 1000mm not only ensures a relatively reasonable number of frame moving operations, but also controls the support gap during the movement process within an acceptable minimum range through the staggered longitudinal beams, which is usually much smaller than L, depending on the longitudinal beam width and staggering density, and effectively limits the exposed area and time of the unsupported roof in a single movement, thereby maximizing the maintenance of the continuous stability and integrity of the roof and reducing disturbances.

[0057] In addition, the slide rail 140 needs to be long enough to accommodate the sliding distance of the first stepping assembly 120 relative to the second stepping assembly 130. The step distance of 800mm-1000mm requires the slide rail 140 to be of moderate length, which not only ensures sufficient moving space, but also avoids the bulky structure, increased cost and installation difficulties caused by the slide rail 140 being too long. Moreover, the length of the assembly needs to cover the support area of ​​at least one step distance. The span of 800mm-1000mm is a reasonable size to ensure that the structural members have sufficient rigidity and strength when bearing the pressure of the top plate. A single span that is too long will significantly increase the risk of deflection.

[0058] In specific applications, the preset step distance L can be specifically set to 800mm, 850mm, 900mm, 950mm and 1000mm, which can be selected according to actual usage and will not be listed here.

[0059] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the sliding support device 100 also includes: a third longitudinal beam 180, which is arranged on the lower side of the second transverse beam 134 and extends along the length direction of the frame 110; a telescopic square box 190, one end of the telescopic square box 190 is connected to the third longitudinal beam 180, and the other end of the telescopic square box 190 is connected to the base 138.

[0060] Specifically, if Figure 1As shown, the sliding support device 100 further includes a third longitudinal beam 180 and a telescopic square box 190. The third longitudinal beam 180 is disposed below the second transverse beam 134 and extends along the length of the frame 110; that is, the third longitudinal beam 180 extends along the length of the frame 110 and is located below the second transverse beam 134, forming a second longitudinal load-bearing skeleton. The third longitudinal beam 180 transmits and distributes the pressure of the top plate of the second stepping assembly 130 through the second longitudinal beam 132 and the second transverse beam 134, thereby enhancing the bending rigidity and integrity of the entire second stepping assembly 130 in the longitudinal direction and preventing excessive deflection or deformation of the transverse beam due to excessive span or local pressure concentration. One end of the telescopic box 190 is connected to the third longitudinal beam 180, and the other end is connected to the base 138. In the supporting state, the telescopic box 190 is in an extended and locked position, and together with the second telescopic column 136, it shares the pressure of the top plate transmitted from the third longitudinal beam 180, forming a dual support structure of the second telescopic column 136 and the telescopic box 190. Especially when the crossbeam span is large, the telescopic box 190 provides a key support point below the middle of the crossbeam, significantly reducing the crossbeam mid-span bending moment and preventing bending deformation. It also reduces the load on a single second telescopic column 136, improving the overall load-bearing capacity and durability of the support device.

[0061] Specifically, when the second stepper assembly 130 is raised or lowered as a whole, the telescopic box 190 can be extended and retracted synchronously with the second telescopic column 136, ensuring that the third longitudinal beam 180 and the superstructure it supports rise and fall synchronously with the base 138, thus avoiding structural stress or deformation caused by asynchronous operation. When the supporting surface of the roadway has slight undulations or unevenness, the telescopic box 190's telescopic ability allows it to fine-tune the height to compensate, ensuring that the third longitudinal beam 180 always effectively transmits the load, preventing partial overhang, and enhancing the equipment's adaptability to complex roadway surfaces.

[0062] In specific applications, the telescopic box 190 has a controllable telescopic function and can be set as a telescopic box driven by a built-in hydraulic cylinder, or a hydraulic jack, etc., which can be selected according to actual usage and will not be listed here.

[0063] According to the second aspect of this application, Figure 4 As shown, a shield-type end head support system 200 is also proposed, comprising: a sliding support device 100 as in the above embodiment, and a front shield-type end head support 210, which is movably connected to the sliding support device 100, and the front shield-type end head support 210 can step synchronously with the sliding support device 100; and a rear shield-type end head support 220, which is movably connected to the front shield-type end head support 210, and the rear shield-type end head support 220 can step synchronously with the front shield-type end head support 210.

[0064] The shield-type end bracket support system 200 provided in the present application includes the sliding support device 100 of the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the sliding support device 100, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the shield-type end support system 200 includes a sliding support device 100, a front shield-type end support 210, and a rear shield-type end support 220. The front shield-type end support 210 primarily consists of a top beam, a base, 18 telescopic columns, a telescopic support box, a push jack, a control valve, and a hydraulic system. The front shield-type end support 210 moves in a step-by-step manner relative to the sliding support device 100. The rear shield-type end support 220 consists of a top beam, a shield beam, 10 telescopic columns, a connecting rod assembly, a base, a push jack, a control valve, and a hydraulic system. Because the rear end support needs to function as a barrier against waste rock in the goaf, the connecting rod mechanism is located at the rear. The rear shield-type end support 220 moves relative to the front shield-type end support 210.

[0066] Specifically, the stepping process of the shield support system 200 is as follows: the first stepping assembly 120 and the second stepping assembly 130 of the sliding support device 100 alternately move forward a preset step distance. During this process, the front shield support 210 and the rear shield support 220 remain in a raised support state and remain stationary. The sliding device moves independently of the rear shield support.

[0067] After the sliding support device 100 completes the stepping and re-establishes complete support, the control system starts the movement program of the front shield end head support 210. The 18 columns of the front shield end head support 210 are synchronously retracted, and its top beam is lowered and separated from the top plate. At this time, the sliding support device 100 and the rear shield end head support 220 maintain the support state. The sliding jack of the front shield end head support 210 itself is extended, and the sliding jack pushes the base of the front shield end head support 210 and the entire support to slide forward along the bottom plate by a step distance L to reach a new position close to the tail of the sliding support device 100. The 18 columns of the front shield end head support 210 are synchronously extended, and the top beam is raised to support the top plate again.

[0068] After the front shield end support 210 completes its stepping and supporting operations, the control system activates the movement program for the rear shield end support 220. The ten columns of the rear shield end support 220 retract synchronously, and its top beam and shield beam descend to separate from the roof and the goaf waste rock. At this point, the sliding support device 100 and the front shield end support 210 maintain their supporting state. The rear shield end support 220's own push jack extends, one end hinged to the rear of the already positioned and supporting front shield end support 210, and the other end hinged to its own base. The push jack pushes the base of the rear shield end support 220 and the entire support forward by a step distance L, reaching a new position close to the rear of the front shield end support 210. The shield beam and linkage mechanism retract during this movement to avoid interference with the goaf waste rock. The columns of the rear shield end support 220 extend, the top beam rises to support the roof, the shield beam and the connecting rod mechanism extend and reset, re-isolating the goaf, and the shield end support support system 200 completes a stepping process. Among them, the push jack of the front shield end support 210 uses the sliding support device 100 as the fulcrum, and the push jack of the rear shield end support 220 uses the front shield end support 210 as the fulcrum. Synchronous stepping means that the step length is the same, both L, and the movement sequence is strictly controlled to ensure that at least two sets of equipment are always in the support state. After the movement is completed, each unit is tightly connected without gaps, forming a continuous support belt.

[0069] In specific applications, the sliding support device 100 is configured as a support device with multiple sizes and multiple sliding steps. Each model of the sliding support device 100 can be combined with the front shield end bracket 210 and the rear shield end bracket 220 to form a shield end bracket support system 200 to improve the universality of the sliding support device 100.

[0070] In the description of this application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two. Unless otherwise expressly defined, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. The terms "connection", "installation", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0071] In the description of the application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "certain embodiments", etc. do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example, but instead can refer to different embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the described

[0072] The above merely provides preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. The present application can have various modifications and changes, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sliding support device, characterized in that: Used to support the roof, the sliding support device includes: frame; a first stepper assembly, disposed on the frame and movably connected to the frame, wherein the first stepper assembly is located inside the frame along the length direction of the frame; A second stepper assembly is provided on the frame and movably connected to the frame, and is located outside the frame along the length direction of the frame; In which, the first stepping assembly and the second stepping assembly can be independently lifted and slid relative to the frame. During the alternating stepping process of the first stepping assembly and the second stepping assembly, at least one of the first stepping assembly and the second stepping assembly is always in a supporting state for the top plate.

2. The sliding support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding support device further comprises: a slide rail, arranged on the second stepping assembly along the length direction of the frame; A slider is provided on the slide rail and is slidably connected to the slide rail; Wherein, the first stepping assembly is arranged on the slider, and the first stepping assembly slides relatively between the slider and the second stepping assembly.

3. The sliding support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first step component includes: a plurality of first longitudinal beams disposed on the frame and extending along the length direction of the frame, and the plurality of first longitudinal beams are spaced apart in the width direction of the frame; a plurality of first cross beams, disposed on the lower side of the first longitudinal beams and extending along the width direction of the frame, and spaced apart in the length direction of the frame for supporting the first longitudinal beams; A plurality of first telescopic columns are arranged on the lower side of the first beam and are arranged corresponding to the plurality of first beams, wherein one end of the first telescopic column is connected to the lower end surface of the first beam, and the other end of the first telescopic column is supported on the support surface.

4. The sliding support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second stepping assembly includes: a plurality of second longitudinal beams disposed on the frame and extending along the length direction of the frame, and the plurality of second longitudinal beams are spaced apart in the width direction of the frame; a plurality of second cross beams, disposed on the lower side of the second longitudinal beams and extending along the width direction of the frame, and spaced apart in the length direction of the frame for supporting the second longitudinal beams; a plurality of second telescopic columns, disposed on the lower side of the second crossbeam and corresponding to the plurality of second crossbeams, and one end of the second telescopic column is connected to the lower end surface of the second crossbeam; A base is connected to the other end of the second telescopic column to connect and support the plurality of second telescopic columns, so that the plurality of second telescopic columns can step forward simultaneously when the plurality of second telescopic columns are retracted.

5. The sliding support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first longitudinal beams and the second longitudinal beams are arranged alternately.

6. The sliding support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding support device further comprises: A propulsion assembly is provided on the first stepping assembly and is used to push the first stepping assembly to slide along the slide rail for a preset step distance when the first telescopic column is in a retracted state.

7. The sliding support device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding support device further comprises: A pushing assembly is provided on the second stepping assembly and is used to push the second stepping assembly to move the preset step distance when the second telescopic column is in a retracted state.

8. The sliding support device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preset step distance is L, and L satisfies 800mm≤L≤1000mm.

9. The sliding support device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The sliding support device further comprises: a third longitudinal beam, disposed on the lower side of the second transverse beam and extending along the length direction of the frame; A telescopic square box, one end of which is connected to the third longitudinal beam, and the other end of which is connected to the base.

10. A shield-type end bracket support system, characterized in that: comprising the sliding support device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and A front shield-type end bracket is movably connected to the sliding support device, and the front shield-type end bracket can step synchronously with the sliding support device; The rear shield type terminal bracket is movably connected to the front shield type terminal bracket, and the rear shield type terminal bracket can step synchronously with the front shield type terminal bracket.

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