Energy management system and control method based on dual-mcu architecture

Abstract

The application discloses an energy management system based on a double-MCU architecture and a control method, the system comprising a battery pack, a battery sampling circuit, a bidirectional switch circuit, a charge-discharge control circuit, a first MCU chip, a second MCU chip, an ambient temperature detection circuit and a connection port; the battery sampling circuit is connected with the battery pack, the bidirectional switch circuit, the charge-discharge control circuit, the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip, the bidirectional switch circuit and the ambient temperature detection circuit are both connected with the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip, and the two ends of the connection port are respectively connected with the battery pack and the charge-discharge control circuit. The application adopts double-MCU chips, can control the charge-discharge control circuit through the corresponding MCU chip under different ambient temperatures, makes the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack to the connection port located in the voltage range under the corresponding ambient temperature, can adapt to the working characteristics of the battery pack under different temperatures, and reduces the battery capacity attenuation rate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lithium battery, and particularly relates to an energy management system based on a dual-MCU architecture and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium iron phosphate battery is a high-performance battery with high energy density, long cycle life and other advantages, and is widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, portable electronic devices and other fields. Lithium iron phosphate battery exhibits different discharge voltage characteristics under different temperature environments. Specifically, the discharge voltage range of lithium iron phosphate battery is 2.5V-3.6V under normal temperature environment (i.e. when the ambient temperature is higher than 0℃), and the discharge voltage range is 2V-3.6V under low temperature environment (i.e. when the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to 0℃). Therefore, in actual application, the discharge of lithium iron phosphate battery should be adjusted according to specific conditions. The energy management system currently applied is only equipped with a set of software algorithm. The algorithm is not fully considered the difference in working characteristics of the battery under different temperature conditions when designed. The algorithm equipped in the energy management system can better match the battery performance under normal temperature environment, and realize reasonable management of the battery. However, when the battery is in low temperature environment, the discharge voltage range of the battery has changed, but the algorithm equipped in the energy management system fails to make corresponding adjustment. Therefore, the existing energy management system cannot adapt to the working characteristics of lithium iron phosphate battery under different temperatures, resulting in serious capacity attenuation of lithium iron phosphate battery under low temperature environment, and further affecting the performance and service life of the battery, thereby limiting the application range of lithium iron phosphate battery under low temperature environment. SUMMARY

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides an energy management system based on a dual-MCU architecture and a control method, and aims to solve the problem that the energy management system in the prior art cannot adapt to the working characteristics of lithium iron phosphate battery under different temperatures, resulting in serious capacity attenuation of lithium iron phosphate battery under low temperature environment.

[0004] In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an energy management system based on a dual-MCU architecture, which comprises a battery pack, a battery sampling circuit, a bidirectional switch circuit, a charge-discharge control circuit, a first MCU chip, a second MCU chip, an ambient temperature detection circuit and a connection port. The battery sampling circuit is connected with the battery pack, the bidirectional switch circuit, the charge-discharge control circuit, the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip. The bidirectional switch circuit and the ambient temperature detection circuit are connected with the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip. The first end of the connection port is connected with the battery pack, and the second end of the connection port is connected with the charge-discharge control circuit.

[0005] The battery sampling circuit is configured to transmit a first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit when starting up, and is further configured to detect battery state data of the battery pack.

[0006] The ambient temperature is configured to be detected by the detection circuit.

[0007] The bidirectional switch circuit is configured to control the first MCU chip to enter a working mode and control the second MCU chip to enter a sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal.

[0008] The first MCU chip is configured to control the battery sampling circuit to continue transmitting the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit when determining that the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold in the working mode, and control the battery sampling circuit to turn on or turn off the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset first discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a first preset voltage range.

[0009] The first MCU chip is further configured to control the battery sampling circuit to transmit a second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit when determining that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the working mode.

[0010] The bidirectional switch circuit is further configured to control the first MCU chip to enter the sleep mode and control the second MCU chip to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal.

[0011] The second MCU chip is configured to control the battery sampling circuit to turn on or turn off the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset second discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a second preset voltage range.

[0012] In a second aspect, an energy management control method based on a dual-MCU architecture is provided, which is applied to the energy management system based on the dual-MCU architecture in the first aspect and includes the following steps:

[0013] The battery sampling circuit is configured to transmit a first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit when starting up, and is further configured to detect battery state data of the battery pack.

[0014] The ambient temperature detection circuit detects the ambient temperature.

[0015] The bidirectional switch circuit is configured to control the first MCU chip to enter a working mode and control the second MCU chip to enter a sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal.

[0016] The first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to continue transmitting the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit if it is determined in the working mode that the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold;

[0017] The first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset first discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a first preset voltage range;

[0018] The first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit a second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit if it is determined in the working mode that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold;

[0019] The bidirectional switch circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the sleep mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal;

[0020] The second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset second discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a second preset voltage range.

[0021] The embodiment of the application provides an energy management system and a control method based on a double-MCU architecture, which comprises a battery pack, a battery sampling circuit, a bidirectional switch circuit, a charge-discharge control circuit, a first MCU chip, a second MCU chip, an ambient temperature detection circuit and a connection port. The battery sampling circuit is connected with the battery pack, the bidirectional switch circuit, the charge-discharge control circuit, the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip. The bidirectional switch circuit and the ambient temperature detection circuit are connected with the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip. The two ends of the connection port are connected with the battery pack and the charge-discharge control circuit respectively. The double-MCU chip is adopted in the application, the charge-discharge control circuit can be controlled by the corresponding MCU chip under different ambient temperatures, so that the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack to the connection port is located in the voltage range under the corresponding ambient temperature, the working characteristics of the battery pack under different temperatures can be adapted, and the battery capacity attenuation rate is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings described in the following embodiment are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 The schematic block diagram of the energy management system based on the dual MCU architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 2 The flowchart of the energy management system based on the dual MCU architecture provided by another embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the battery sampling circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 4 The circuit diagram of the first switch circuit and the first MCU chip provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0027] Figure 5 The circuit diagram of the second switch circuit and the second MCU chip provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0028] Figure 6 The circuit diagram of the ambient temperature detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0029] Figure 7 The flowchart of the energy management control method based on the dual MCU architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] It should be understood that when used in the specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprise" and "include" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0032] It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0033] It is further to be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and that the term "at least one of' encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 1 The schematic block diagram of the energy management system based on the dual MCU architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 2 The flowchart of the energy management system based on the dual MCU architecture provided by another embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 2. Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the battery sampling circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 3. Figure 4 The circuit diagram of the first switch circuit and the first MCU chip provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 4. Figure 5 The circuit diagram of the second switch circuit and the second MCU chip provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 5. Figure 6 The circuit diagram of the ambient temperature detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the AFE chip in the battery sampling circuit and the surrounding circuit thereof can also be understood.

[0035] The energy management system based on the dual MCU architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application comprises a battery pack 1, a battery sampling circuit 2, a bidirectional switch circuit 3, a charge-discharge control circuit 4, a first MCU chip 5, a second MCU chip 6, an ambient temperature detection circuit 7 and a connection port 8. The battery sampling circuit 2 is connected with the battery pack 1, the bidirectional switch circuit 3, the charge-discharge control circuit 4, the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6. The bidirectional switch circuit 3 and the ambient temperature detection circuit 7 are connected with the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6. The first end of the connection port 8 is connected with the battery pack 1, and the second end of the connection port 8 is connected with the charge-discharge control circuit 4.

[0036] The battery sampling circuit 2 is configured to transmit a first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit 3 when powered on, and is further configured to detect battery state data of the battery pack 1.

[0037] The ambient temperature detection circuit is configured to detect ambient temperature.

[0038] The bidirectional switch circuit 3 is configured to control the first MCU chip 5 to enter a working mode and control the second MCU chip 6 to enter a sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal.

[0039] The first MCU chip 5 is configured to control the battery sampling circuit 2 to continue transmitting the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit 3 when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold in the working mode, and control the battery sampling circuit 2 to turn on or turn off the charge-discharge control circuit 4 according to the battery state data and a preset first discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port 8 outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1 within a first preset voltage range.

[0040] The first MCU chip 5 is further configured to control the battery sampling circuit 2 to transmit a second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit 3 when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the working mode.

[0041] The bidirectional switch circuit 3 is further configured to control the first MCU chip 5 to enter the sleep mode and control the second MCU chip 6 to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal.

[0042] The second MCU chip 6 is configured to control the battery sampling circuit 2 to turn on or turn off the charge-discharge control circuit 4 according to the battery state data and a preset second discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port 8 outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1 within a second preset voltage range.

[0043] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 1 The energy management system based on the dual-MCU architecture provided by the embodiment of the present application is composed of a battery pack 1, a battery sampling circuit 2, a bidirectional switch circuit 3, a charge-discharge control circuit 4, a first MCU chip 5, a second MCU chip 6, an ambient temperature detection circuit 7 and a connection port 8. In a specific application process, when the system is normally powered on, the battery sampling circuit 2 transmits a first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit 3, so that the bidirectional switch circuit 3 controls the first MCU chip 5 to enter a working mode and controls the second MCU chip 6 to enter a sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal, that is, the bidirectional switch circuit 3 opens the first MCU chip 5 as a master chip by default when the system is powered on, at the same time, the battery sampling circuit 2 starts to detect battery state data of the battery pack 1 in real time and transmits the battery state data to the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6, and the ambient temperature detection circuit 7 starts to detect an ambient temperature in real time and transmits the ambient temperature to the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6.

[0044] After the first MCU chip 5 enters the working mode, that is, the first MCU chip 5 acts as the master control chip, if the first MCU chip 5 determines that the ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature detection circuit 7 is greater than the preset temperature threshold, it indicates that it is a normal temperature environment at this time, and the battery sampling circuit 2 continues to transmit the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit 3, so as to control the first MCU chip 5 to remain in the working mode through the bidirectional switch circuit 3, so that the first MCU chip 5 is used as the master control chip when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold. Preferably, the preset temperature threshold is 0°C. At the same time, the first MCU chip 5 will control the battery sampling circuit 2 to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit 4 according to the battery state data transmitted by the battery sampling circuit 2 and the preset first discharge control strategy, so as to make the connection port 8 output the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1 within the first preset voltage range. The first end of the connection port 8 is connected to the total positive end of the battery pack 1, and when the charge-discharge control circuit 4 is in the open state, the second end of the connection port 8 is connected to the total negative end of the battery pack 1, so that the connection port 8 outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1; when the charge-discharge control circuit 4 is in the closed state, the second end of the connection port 8 is cut off from the total negative end of the battery pack 1, so that the connection port 8 stops discharging. The first preset voltage range is used to indicate the normal discharge voltage range of the battery pack 1 in a normal temperature environment, and the first preset voltage range can be set according to the number of batteries in the battery pack 1 and the battery product specification. Therefore, when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the discharge voltage of the battery pack 1 is controlled by the first MCU chip 5 to be within the first preset voltage range, and the battery performance in the normal temperature environment is optimized by the first MCU chip 5, so that the battery pack 1 works normally in the normal temperature environment.

[0045] Secondly, after the first MCU chip 5 enters the working mode, if the first MCU chip 5 determines that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, it indicates that it is a low temperature environment, and the battery sampling circuit 2 transmits the second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit 3, and then controls the first MCU chip 5 to enter the sleep mode and controls the second MCU chip 6 to enter the working mode through the bidirectional switch circuit 3, that is, the second MCU chip 6 is switched to the master control chip when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.

[0046] When the second MCU chip 6 enters the working mode, that is, the second MCU chip 6 acts as the master control chip, the second MCU chip 6 controls the battery sampling circuit 2 to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit 4 according to the battery state data transmitted by the battery sampling circuit 2 and the preset second discharge control strategy, so that the connection port 8 outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1 within the second preset voltage range. When the charge-discharge control circuit 4 is in the open state, the second end of the connection port 8 is conducted with the total negative end of the battery pack 1, so that the connection port 8 outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1. When the charge-discharge control circuit 4 is in the closed state, the second end of the connection port 8 is cut off with the total negative end of the battery pack 1, so that the connection port 8 stops discharging. The second preset voltage range is used to indicate the normal discharge voltage range of the battery pack 1 in the low-temperature environment, and the second preset voltage range can be set according to the number of batteries in the battery pack 1 and the battery product specification. Therefore, when the environmental temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the discharge voltage of the battery pack 1 is controlled to be within the second preset voltage range by the second MCU chip 6, the characteristics of the battery in the low-temperature environment are optimized by the second MCU chip 6, the discharge voltage range of the battery pack 1 in the low-temperature environment is limited, the battery pack 1 can work normally in the low-temperature environment, the capacity attenuation rate of the battery in the low-temperature environment is effectively reduced, and the performance and reliability of the battery in the low-temperature condition are improved.

[0047] The energy management system based on the dual-MCU architecture provided in the embodiment of the application adopts dual MCU chips. When the environmental temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the first MCU chip 5 controls the battery sampling circuit 2 to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit 4 according to the battery state data and the preset first discharge control strategy, so that the connection port 8 outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1 within the first preset voltage range. When the environmental temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the second MCU chip 6 controls the battery sampling circuit 2 to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit 4 according to the battery state data and the preset second discharge control strategy, so that the connection port 8 outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1 within the second preset voltage range. The system can control the charge-discharge control circuit 4 through the corresponding MCU chip under different environmental temperatures, so that the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack 1 to the connection port 8 is within the voltage range corresponding to the environmental temperature, can adapt to the working characteristics of the battery pack 1 under different temperatures, reduce the capacity attenuation rate of the battery, and prolong the service life of the battery.

[0048] In a more specific embodiment, the energy management system based on the dual-MCU architecture further comprises a protection circuit 9, and the first end of the connection port 8 is connected with the battery pack 1 through the protection circuit 9.

[0049] In the embodiment, refer to Figure 2A protection circuit 9 is further arranged between the first end of the connecting port 8 and the battery pack 1, which functions as a fuse when an abnormal large current occurs between the battery pack 1 and the connecting port 8, thereby cutting off the connection between the battery pack 1 and the first end of the connecting port 8 through the protection circuit 9.

[0050] In a more specific embodiment, the battery sampling circuit 2 comprises an AFE chip 21, a voltage detection circuit 22, a current detection circuit 23 and a battery temperature detection circuit 24; the AFE chip 21 is connected with the voltage detection circuit 22, the current detection circuit 23, the battery temperature detection circuit 24, the bidirectional switch circuit 3, the charge-discharge control circuit 4, the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6; the voltage detection circuit 22 is connected with the battery pack 1; the current detection circuit 23 is connected with the battery pack 1 and the charge-discharge control circuit 4.

[0051] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the voltage detection circuit 22 is used to detect the voltage of the battery pack 1 and the voltage of each battery in the battery pack 1, the current detection circuit 23 is used to detect the current of the battery pack 1, and the battery temperature detection circuit 24 is used to detect the temperature of the battery pack 1. The AFE chip 21 will form battery state data with the voltage of the battery pack 1 and the voltage of each battery in the battery pack 1 detected by the voltage detection circuit 22, the current of the battery pack 1 detected by the current detection circuit 23 and the temperature of the battery pack 1 detected by the battery temperature detection circuit 24, and transmit the battery state data to the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6. Moreover, the AFE chip 21 will also perform corresponding control on the bidirectional switch circuit 3 and the charge-discharge control circuit 4 according to the instructions sent by the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6. Preferably, as shown in Figure 3 , the AFE chip 21 adopts a DVC1110 model chip, the C0-C10 pins and the NC1-NC14 pins of the AFE chip 21 are used to connect with the corresponding batteries in the battery pack 1, the SRN pin and the SRP pin of the AFE chip 21 are respectively connected with the two ends of the current detection circuit 23, the GP2 pin and the GP3 pin of the AFE chip 21 are connected with the battery temperature detection circuit 24, the GP1 pin and the GP4 pin of the AFE chip 21 are connected with the bidirectional switch circuit 3, the GP5 pin and the GP6 pin of the AFE chip 21 are connected with the charge-discharge control circuit 4, and the SCL pin and the SDA pin of the AFE chip 21 are both connected with the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6 through peripheral resistors.

[0052] In a more specific embodiment, the bidirectional switch circuit 3 comprises a first switch circuit 31 and a second switch circuit 32; the first end of the first switch circuit 31 is connected with the battery sampling circuit 2, the second end of the first switch circuit 31 is connected with the first MCU chip 5, and the third end of the first switch circuit 31 is used for connecting the working voltage; the first end of the second switch circuit 32 is connected with the battery sampling circuit 2, the second end of the second switch circuit 32 is connected with the second MCU chip 6, and the third end of the second switch circuit 32 is used for connecting the working voltage.

[0053] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the bidirectional switch circuit 3 is composed of the first switch circuit 31 and the second switch circuit 32, wherein, Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the voltage at the V3P3 end is the working voltage, the first end, the second end and the third end of the first switch circuit 31 are connected with the battery sampling circuit 2, the first MCU chip 5 and the working voltage respectively, and the first switch circuit 31 controls the first MCU chip 5 to be conducted or cut off with the working voltage according to the relevant signals transmitted by the battery sampling circuit 2, so as to make the first MCU chip 5 enter the working mode or the sleep mode. The first end, the second end and the third end of the second switch circuit 32 are connected with the battery sampling circuit 2, the second MCU chip 6 and the working voltage respectively, and the second switch circuit 32 controls the second MCU chip 6 to be conducted or cut off with the working voltage according to the relevant signals transmitted by the battery sampling circuit 2, so as to make the second MCU chip 6 enter the working mode or the sleep mode.

[0054] More specifically, as shown in Figure 4 , the first switch circuit 31 comprises a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a first triode Q1 and a first MOS tube Q2, the first end of the third resistor R3 and the source of the first triode Q1 are connected with the working voltage, the drain of the first triode Q1 is connected with the VBAT pin, the VDD_1 pin and the VDD_3 pin of the first MCU chip 5, the second end of the third resistor R3 and the gate of the first triode Q1 are both connected with the collector of the first MOS tube Q2 through the fourth resistor R4, the base of the first MOS tube Q2 and the first end of the sixth resistor R6 are both connected with the GP4 pin of the AFE chip 21 through the fifth resistor R5, and the emitter of the first MOS tube Q2 and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 are both grounded. Among them, the node where the first end of the third resistor R3 and the source of the first triode Q1 are connected is taken as the third end of the first switch circuit 31, the drain of the first triode Q1 is taken as the second end of the first switch circuit 31, and the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is taken as the first end of the first switch circuit 31.

[0055] As shown in Figure 5As shown, the second switch circuit 32 includes a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, a second triode Q3 and a second MOS Q4, the first end of the seventh resistor R7 and the source of the second triode Q3 are connected with the working voltage, the drain of the second triode Q3 is connected with the VBAT pin, the VDD_1 pin and the VDD_3 pin of the second MCU chip 6, the second end of the seventh resistor R7 and the gate of the second triode Q3 are both connected with the collector of the second MOS Q4 through the eighth resistor R8, the base of the second MOS Q4 and the first end of the tenth resistor R10 are both connected with the GP1 pin of the AFE chip 21 through the ninth resistor R9, and the emitter of the second MOS Q4 and the second end of the tenth resistor are both grounded. Wherein, the node where the first end of the seventh resistor R7 and the source of the second triode Q3 are connected is taken as the third end of the second switch circuit 32, the drain of the second triode Q3 is taken as the second end of the second switch circuit 32, and the first end of the ninth resistor R9 is taken as the first end of the second switch circuit 32.

[0056] In a more specific embodiment, the ambient temperature detection circuit 7 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first thermistor RT1, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2; the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the second resistor R2, the first end of the first thermistor RT1 and the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a direct current voltage; the second end of the second resistor R2 and the first end of the second capacitor C2 are both connected with the first MCU chip 5 and the second MCU chip 6; and the second end of the first thermistor RT1, the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the second end of the second capacitor C2 are all grounded.

[0057] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 The resistance value of the first thermistor RT1 changes with the change of temperature, so that the ambient temperature is detected by the first thermistor RT1.

[0058] Referring to Figure 7 , Figure 7 A flowchart of an energy management control method based on a dual MCU architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The embodiment of the present application also provides an energy management control method based on a dual MCU architecture, which is applied to the energy management system based on a dual MCU architecture as shown in Figure 7 The energy management control method based on a dual MCU architecture provided by the embodiment of the present application includes steps S11-S18.

[0059] S11, the battery sampling circuit is powered on and starts to transmit a first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, and the battery state data of the battery pack is detected;

[0060] S12, the ambient temperature detection circuit detects the ambient temperature;

[0061] S13, the bidirectional switch circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the working mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal.

[0062] In this embodiment, when the energy management system based on the dual-MCU architecture is normally powered on, the battery sampling circuit transmits the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, so that the bidirectional switch circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the working mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal, that is, the bidirectional switch circuit defaults to turn on the first MCU chip as the master chip when the system is powered on. At the same time, the battery sampling circuit starts to detect the battery state data of the battery pack in real time and transmits it to the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip, and the ambient temperature detection circuit starts to detect the ambient temperature in real time and transmits it to the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip.

[0063] S14, if the first MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold in the working mode, the first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to continue to transmit the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit.

[0064] S15, the first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn on or turn off the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and the preset first discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack within the first preset voltage range.

[0065] In the embodiment, after the first MCU chip enters the working mode, that is, the first MCU chip acts as the master control chip, if the first MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature detected by the ambient temperature detection circuit is greater than the preset temperature threshold, it indicates that the ambient temperature is normal at this time, and the first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to continue transmitting the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, so as to control the first MCU chip to remain in the working mode through the bidirectional switch circuit, so that the first MCU chip acts as the master control chip when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold. Preferably, the preset temperature threshold is 0°C. At the same time, the first MCU chip will control the battery sampling circuit to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data transmitted by the battery sampling circuit and the preset first discharge control strategy, so as to make the connection port output the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack within the first preset voltage range. The first end of the connection port is connected to the total positive end of the battery pack, and when the charge-discharge control circuit is in the open state, the second end of the connection port is connected to the total negative end of the battery pack, so that the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack; when the charge-discharge control circuit is in the closed state, the second end of the connection port is cut off from the total negative end of the battery pack, so that the connection port stops discharging. The first preset voltage range is used to indicate the normal discharge voltage range of the battery pack in the normal temperature environment, and the first preset voltage range can be set according to the number of batteries in the battery pack and the battery product specification. Therefore, when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the discharge voltage of the battery pack is controlled by the first MCU chip to be within the first preset voltage range, and the battery performance in the normal temperature environment is optimized by the first MCU chip, so that the battery pack works normally in the normal temperature environment.

[0066] In an embodiment, step S15 comprises:

[0067] If the first MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset first normal state according to the battery state data and the first discharge control strategy in the working mode, the first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to open the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is connected to the battery pack and outputs the discharge voltage within the first preset voltage range.

[0068] If the first MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset first abnormal state according to the battery state data and the first discharge control strategy in the working mode, the first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to close the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is cut off from the battery pack.

[0069] In the embodiment, after the first MCU chip enters the working mode, if the first MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in the preset first normal state according to the battery state data and the first discharge control strategy, it indicates that the working state of the battery pack at normal temperature environment is normal at this time, the battery sampling circuit is controlled to open the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is conducted with the total negative terminal of the battery pack through the battery sampling circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit, and then the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack in the first preset voltage range. If the first MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in the preset first abnormal state according to the battery state data and the first discharge control strategy, it indicates that the working state of the battery pack at normal temperature environment is abnormal at this time, the battery sampling circuit is controlled to close the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is cut off with the total negative terminal of the battery pack through the charge-discharge control circuit, and then the connection port stops discharging.

[0070] Further, the battery state data includes the voltage of the battery pack, the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, the current of the battery pack and the temperature of the battery pack, and the first MCU chip determines that the battery pack is in the preset first normal state if the voltage of the battery pack, the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, the current of the battery pack and the temperature of the battery pack are all within the corresponding preset normal data range at normal temperature in the first discharge control strategy. If any one of the voltage of the battery pack, the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, the current of the battery pack and the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the corresponding preset normal data range at normal temperature in the first discharge control strategy, the first MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in the preset first abnormal state.

[0071] S16, the first MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the working mode, controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit a second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit;

[0072] S17, the bidirectional switch circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the sleep mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal.

[0073] In the embodiment, after the first MCU chip enters the working mode, if the first MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, it indicates that it is a low temperature environment at this time, the battery sampling circuit is controlled to transmit a second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, and then the first MCU chip is controlled to enter the sleep mode and the second MCU chip is controlled to enter the working mode through the bidirectional switch circuit, that is, the second MCU chip is switched to the master chip when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.

[0074] S18, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset second discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a second preset voltage range.

[0075] In the embodiment, after the second MCU chip enters the working mode, that is, when the second MCU chip serves as the master chip, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data transmitted by the battery sampling circuit and a preset second discharge control strategy, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a second preset voltage range. When the charge-discharge control circuit is in the open state, the second end of the connection port is conducted with the total negative end of the battery pack, so that the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack. When the charge-discharge control circuit is in the closed state, the second end of the connection port is cut off from the total negative end of the battery pack, so that the connection port stops discharging. The second preset voltage range is used to indicate a normal discharge voltage range of the battery pack in a low-temperature environment, and the second preset voltage range can be set according to the number of batteries in the battery pack and a battery product specification. Therefore, when the environmental temperature is less than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, the discharge voltage of the battery pack is controlled to be located in the second preset voltage range by the second MCU chip, the characteristics of the battery in the low-temperature environment are optimized by the second MCU chip, the discharge voltage range of the battery pack in the low-temperature environment is limited, the battery pack can work normally in the low-temperature environment, the capacity attenuation rate of the battery in the low-temperature environment is effectively reduced, and the performance and reliability of the battery in the low-temperature condition are improved.

[0076] In one embodiment, step S18 comprises:

[0077] If the second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset second normal state according to the battery state data and the second discharge control strategy in the working mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to open the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is conducted with the battery pack and outputs a discharge voltage located in the second preset voltage range.

[0078] If the second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset second abnormal state according to the battery state data and the second discharge control strategy in the working mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to close the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is cut off from the battery pack.

[0079] In the embodiment, after the second MCU chip enters the working mode, if the second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in the preset second normal state according to the battery state data and the second discharge control strategy, it indicates that the working state of the battery pack in the low-temperature environment is normal, the battery sampling circuit is controlled to open the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is conducted with the total negative terminal of the battery pack through the battery sampling circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit, and then the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack in the second preset voltage range. If the second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in the preset second abnormal state according to the battery state data and the second discharge control strategy, it indicates that the working state of the battery pack in the low-temperature environment is abnormal, the battery sampling circuit is controlled to close the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is cut off with the total negative terminal of the battery pack through the charge-discharge control circuit, and then the connection port stops discharging.

[0080] Further, the battery state data includes the voltage of the battery pack, the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, the current of the battery pack and the temperature of the battery pack, and the second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in the preset second normal state if it is determined that the voltage of the battery pack, the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, the current of the battery pack and the temperature of the battery pack are all within the corresponding preset normal data range at normal temperature in the second discharge control strategy. The second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in the preset second abnormal state if it is determined that any one of the voltage of the battery pack, the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, the current of the battery pack and the temperature of the battery pack is out of the corresponding preset normal data range at normal temperature in the second discharge control strategy.

[0081] In an embodiment, after step S17, further comprising:

[0082] If the second MCU chip determines that the environment temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the working mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit the second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, and returns to step S17.

[0083] In the embodiment, after the second MCU chip enters the working mode, if the second MCU chip determines that the environment temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, it indicates that it is still a low-temperature environment at this time, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit the second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, and returns to step S17, so that the second MCU chip remains in the working mode to serve as the master chip when the environment temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.

[0084] In an embodiment, after step S17, further comprising:

[0085] If the second MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold in the working mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, and returns to step S13.

[0086] In the embodiment, after the second MCU chip enters the working mode, if the second MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, it indicates that the ambient temperature is normal temperature at this time, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, and returns to step S13, so as to switch the second MCU chip to the sleep mode and switch the first MCU chip to the working mode, so that the first MCU chip is used as the master chip when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold.

[0087] The energy management control method based on the dual-MCU architecture is applied to the energy management system based on the dual-MCU architecture, and dual MCU chips are used, when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the battery sampling circuit is controlled to be turned on or turned off by the first MCU chip according to the battery state data and the preset first discharge control strategy, so that the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack in the first preset voltage range; when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the battery sampling circuit is controlled to be turned on or turned off by the second MCU chip according to the battery state data and the preset second discharge control strategy, so that the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack in the second preset voltage range. The system can control the charge-discharge control circuit through the corresponding MCU chip under different ambient temperatures, so that the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack to the connection port is in the voltage range corresponding to the ambient temperature, which can adapt to the working characteristics of the battery pack under different temperatures, reduce the battery capacity attenuation rate, and prolong the service life of the battery.

[0088] The above merely describes specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy management system based on dual MCU architecture, characterized by, The application relates to a battery pack, a battery sampling circuit, a bidirectional switch circuit, a charge-discharge control circuit, a first MCU chip, a second MCU chip, an ambient temperature detection circuit and a connection port. The battery sampling circuit is connected with the battery pack, the bidirectional switch circuit, the charge-discharge control circuit, the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip, the bidirectional switch circuit and the ambient temperature detection circuit are connected with the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip, the first end of the connection port is connected with the battery pack, and the second end of the connection port is connected with the charge-discharge control circuit. The battery sampling circuit is used for transmitting a first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit when power is started, and is also used for detecting battery state data of the battery pack. The ambient temperature detection circuit is used for detecting an ambient temperature. The bidirectional switch circuit is used for controlling the first MCU chip to enter a working mode and controlling the second MCU chip to enter a sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal. The first MCU chip is used for controlling the battery sampling circuit to continue transmitting the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit when the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold in the working mode, and is also used for controlling the battery sampling circuit to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset first discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a first preset voltage range. The first MCU chip is also used for controlling the battery sampling circuit to transmit a second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the working mode. The bidirectional switch circuit is also used for controlling the first MCU chip to enter the sleep mode and controlling the second MCU chip to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal. The second MCU chip is used for controlling the battery sampling circuit to open or close the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset second discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a second preset voltage range. A protection circuit is further arranged, and the first end of the connection port is connected with the battery pack through the protection circuit.

2. The dual MCU based energy management system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The battery sampling circuit comprises an AFE chip, a voltage detection circuit, a current detection circuit and a battery temperature detection circuit; the AFE chip is connected with the voltage detection circuit, the current detection circuit, the battery temperature detection circuit, the bidirectional switch circuit, the charge-discharge control circuit, the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip; the voltage detection circuit is connected with the battery pack; and the current detection circuit is connected with the battery pack and the charge-discharge control circuit.

3. The dual MCU based energy management system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, ​ 4. The dual MCU based energy management system according to claim 1, wherein, The bidirectional switching circuit includes a first switching circuit and a second switching circuit; the first terminal of the first switching circuit is connected to the battery sampling circuit, the second terminal of the first switching circuit is connected to the first MCU chip, and the third terminal of the first switching circuit is used to connect to the operating voltage; the first terminal of the second switching circuit is connected to the battery sampling circuit, the second terminal of the second switching circuit is connected to the second MCU chip, and the third terminal of the second switching circuit is used to connect to the operating voltage.

5. The dual MCU based energy management system according to claim 1, wherein, The ambient temperature detection circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first thermistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; the first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the first thermistor, and the first end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to a DC voltage; the second end of the second resistor and the first end of the second capacitor are both connected to the first MCU chip and the second MCU chip; the second end of the first thermistor, the second end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the second capacitor are all grounded.

6. An energy management control method based on a dual-MCU architecture, applied to the energy management system based on a dual-MCU architecture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The battery sampling circuit is powered on and transmits a first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switching circuit, and detects the battery status data of the battery pack. The ambient temperature detection circuit detects the ambient temperature. The bidirectional switching circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the working mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal. If the first MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold in the operating mode, it controls the battery sampling circuit to continue transmitting the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switching circuit. In the operating mode, the first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn on or off the charge / discharge control circuit according to the battery status data and the preset first discharge control strategy, so that the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack within the first preset voltage range; If the first MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the operating mode, it controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit a second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switching circuit. The bidirectional switching circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the sleep mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal. In the operating mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn the charge and discharge control circuit on or off according to the battery status data and the preset second discharge control strategy, so that the connection port outputs the discharge voltage provided by the battery pack within the second preset voltage range.

7. The dual-MCU based energy management control method of claim 6, wherein, After the bidirectional switching circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the sleep mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal, it further includes: If the second MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the working mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit the second mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, and the bidirectional switch circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the sleep mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal.

8. The dual-MCU based energy management control method of claim 7, wherein, After the bidirectional switch circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the sleep mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the working mode according to the second mode switching signal, the method further comprises: If the second MCU chip determines that the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold in the working mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to transmit the first mode switching signal to the bidirectional switch circuit, and the bidirectional switch circuit controls the first MCU chip to enter the working mode and controls the second MCU chip to enter the sleep mode according to the first mode switching signal.

9. The dual MCU architecture based energy management control method of claim 6, wherein, The first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn on or turn off the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset first discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a first preset voltage range, comprising: If the first MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset first normal state according to the battery state data and the first discharge control strategy in the working mode, the first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn on the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is conductive with the battery pack and outputs a discharge voltage located in the first preset voltage range. If the first MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset first abnormal state according to the battery state data and the first discharge control strategy in the working mode, the first MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn off the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is disconnected with the battery pack.

10. The dual MCU architecture based energy management control method of claim 6, wherein, The second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn on or turn off the charge-discharge control circuit according to the battery state data and a preset second discharge control strategy in the working mode, so that the connection port outputs a discharge voltage provided by the battery pack and located in a second preset voltage range, comprising: If the second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset second normal state according to the battery state data and the second discharge control strategy in the working mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn on the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is conductive with the battery pack and outputs a discharge voltage located in the second preset voltage range. If the second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset second abnormal state according to the battery state data and the second discharge control strategy in the working mode, the second MCU chip controls the battery sampling circuit to turn off the charge-discharge control circuit, so that the second end of the connection port is disconnected with the battery pack. If the second MCU chip detects that the battery pack is in a preset second abnormal state according to the battery state data and the second discharge control strategy in the working mode, the battery sampling circuit is controlled to shut down the charge-discharge control circuit, so as to cut off the second end of the connection port from the battery pack.

Images