Method for constructing wind-proof and water-accumulation-proof three-dimensional network for desertification grassland of high-altitude cold and dry valley

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-altitude cold and dry valley desertification grassland wind-proof waterlogging three-dimensional network construction method, and relates to the technical field of desertification land remediation, and the method comprises the following steps: S100, constructing a wind-proof net complex: S101, establishing a wind blocking and blocking wall unit at a peripheral air port; s102, establishing an inner layer windproof body; s200, water network comprehensive construction: S201, building a trapezoidal buffer embankment at the upper stream of snow mountain melt water and the front end of a surface source; s202, biological ponds and water nets are built, grids with the interval of 2-3 m are formed in the biological ponds, and the water nets are staggered in a V shape and connected with all the biological ponds; the bottom of the biological tank is filled with 3L-4L of matrix; s300, biological comprehensive remediation: S301, by taking the biological pool as a base point, planting willow / sea-buckthorn of 3-5 ages in the center of the biological pool; and S302, with the planted tree as the center, grass seeds are sown in a circular area with the radius of 30-50 cm. According to the invention, wind erosion can be effectively resisted, and water can be accumulated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of desertification land restoration, and particularly relates to a high-altitude cold and arid valley desertification grassland wind-prevention and water-accumulation three-dimensional network construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In high-altitude cold and arid valley regions, especially in high-altitude cold and arid desertification grasslands above 3500m, due to their unique geographical and climatic conditions, they face severe ecological and environmental challenges. These regions usually exhibit extreme temperature variations, scarce precipitation, intense wind and periodic water (snow and ice) erosion, and poor soil conditions, resulting in low vegetation coverage and a fragile ecosystem, making restoration difficult. Currently, the restoration methods for such regions mainly include the following, but each has obvious limitations and shortcomings: ① Physical wind-prevention measures: Disadvantages: Traditional wind-prevention measures such as setting up windbreak walls or windbreak nets, while they can reduce wind speed and wind erosion to some extent, are difficult to implement on a large scale due to high material costs, complex construction, and expensive maintenance. In addition, these measures often lack ecological benefits and cannot fundamentally improve soil quality and promote vegetation growth.

[0003] ② Chemical improvement methods: Disadvantages: The practice of applying chemical fertilizers or soil conditioners to improve soil fertility may see some results in the short term, but in the long run, it may cause soil compaction, groundwater pollution, and other problems, causing secondary damage to the environment. Moreover, this method ignores the importance of the self-regulating ability of the ecological system and fails to effectively address the root problem.

[0004] ③ Single vegetation restoration strategies: Disadvantages: Methods that rely solely on planting specific types of herbaceous plants or shrubs for vegetation restoration can quickly increase ground cover, but due to the single species, they are vulnerable to pest attacks and cannot fully adapt to changes in harsh natural conditions, resulting in unstable restoration effects. At the same time, the lack of diversity also limits the construction of biological chains, which is not conducive to the formation of a complete ecological system.

[0005] ④ Traditional irrigation techniques: Disadvantages: For water-scarce high-altitude cold and arid valleys, conventional irrigation methods not only consume large amounts of water and are inefficient, but also can exacerbate local salinization. Moreover, over-reliance on artificial water replenishment is unsustainable, and once external water supply is stopped, vegetation is likely to degrade again.

[0006] In view of the various defects of the prior art, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive biological repair scheme that can effectively resist wind erosion and periodic water erosion, accumulate moisture, and gradually restore and improve land productivity, promote the reconstruction and development of biological diversity. The present application is proposed based on such a demand background, aiming to provide a more environmentally friendly, economic and sustainable solution to the severe challenges faced by high-altitude cold and arid valley desertification grassland. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present application provides a high-altitude cold and arid valley desertification grassland wind and water accumulation three-dimensional network construction method, which can effectively resist wind erosion and periodic water erosion, and can accumulate moisture.

[0008] In order to achieve the purpose of the present application, the following scheme is adopted: A high-altitude cold and arid valley desertification grassland wind and water accumulation three-dimensional network construction method, comprising the following steps: S100, windbreak complex construction S101, a wind-blocking retaining wall unit is established at the peripheral wind port, the wind-blocking retaining wall is 1m-1.5m high, 10cm-20cm wide, the slope of the windward side is 30°-45°, the slope of the leeward side is 60°-75°, and the wind-blocking retaining wall material includes 30%-40% organic square bricks, 40%-50% rammed earth and 10%-20% sandstone; S102, an inner windbreak body is established by using 15%-20% organic square bricks, 10%-15% sandstone, 30%-40% rammed earth, 15%-20% adobe and 10%-20% soil, the inner windbreak body is established staggered, with a spacing of 1.5m-3m, each inner windbreak body is 1.5m-3m long, 10cm-20cm high and 5cm-10cm wide.

[0009] S200, water network comprehensive construction S201, at the upstream of snowmelt water and the front end of non-point source, a trapezoidal buffer dike is established by using 10%-20% sandstone, 40%-60% rammed earth, 10%-20% square bricks and 10%-20% soil, the trapezoidal buffer dike is 30cm-50cm wide and 15cm-30cm high; S202, then, a biological pool and a water network are established, the biological pool forms a grid with a spacing of 2m-3m, the water network is V-shaped staggered and connected to all biological pools, and the biological pool is used for water accumulation; the biological pool is 30cm-40cm in diameter and 40cm-60cm in depth, and the bottom of the biological pool is filled with 3L-4L substrate.

[0010] S300, biological comprehensive repair S301, taking the biological pool as a base point, 3-5 years old willow / hippophae rhamnoides are planted in the center of the biological pool; S302, scattering grass seeds in a circular area with a radius of 30cm-50cm centered on the planted trees, the survival rate of the biological pool is 1000-2000 per square meter, after the seed is sown, cover the organic soil 2cm-3cm, shallow 3cm-5cm below the ground surface, form a rain collecting pit.

[0011] Further, in step S101, before and after the wind blocking wall, long 1.0m-2.0m of arbor / shrub branches are interwoven to form a wind blocking net with a spacing of 1.0m-1.5m, and 3 rows of wind blocking nets are arranged before and after the wind blocking wall.

[0012] Further, the arbor / shrub branches include one or more of willow, sea buckthorn, rose, poplar and spruce.

[0013] Further, in step S201, according to the water flow and impact degree, 1-3 buffer dikes are established, and each buffer dike is spaced 3m-5m apart.

[0014] Further, in step S202, the water network is opened in a shallow ditch with a depth of 5cm on the ground surface, and the angle between the water and soil erosion direction is 45°, the shallow ditch is 10cm long towards the water, and the other side is 5cm deep, perpendicular to the ground surface, and the two shallow ditches are perpendicular to each other, forming a V-shaped basic unit.

[0015] Further, in step S202, the mass ratio of organic fertilizer, resin type water retaining agent and microbial fertilizer in the matrix composition is 60:38:2; the organic matter in the organic fertilizer is ≥40%, the total nitrogen is ≥5%, and the total phosphorus is ≥3%; the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the microbial fertilizer is ≥10%, and the probiotic bacteria is ≥20%.

[0016] Further, in step S301, the seedling requires the same habitat or local cultivation, and the seedling is not leafy or has a long spike, according to the healthy condition of the seedling, 2-3 seedlings are planted in each hole, the planting depth is 40cm-60cm, the stubble on the ground surface is 1m-1.5m, the excess branches are cut, 2L-4L of water is supplemented in each hole, and 1L-2L of water is supplemented once a week, and the water is supplemented 3-4 times.

[0017] Further, in step S302, the quantity ratio of the grass seeds is: highland barley: Tibetan early-maturing grass: meadow fescue: purple needle grass: glacial spine bean = 2:1:1:1:1.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the ecological protection and ecological restoration measures for the desertification grassland in the cold and dry valley area with an altitude of 3500m-5000m, the wind prevention complex construction, water network topography reconstruction and water accumulation biological micro building construction are used to form an environmental and biological comprehensive restoration method to protect and restore the high-altitude cold and dry valley desertification grassland. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a horizontal plane of the windbreak water accumulation three-dimensional network is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a longitudinal plane of the windbreak water accumulation three-dimensional network is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Embodiment 1 The embodiment provides a windbreak water accumulation three-dimensional network construction method for a high-altitude cold and dry valley desertification grassland, and comprises the following steps. S100, windbreak network complex construction S101, establishing a wind-blocking retaining wall unit (1) at a peripheral wind port, Figure 1 The wind-blocking retaining wall is 1 m high, 10 cm wide, has a slope of 30° on the windward side, and has a slope of 60° on the leeward side, so as to increase the stability of the windward side and reduce the impact of wind pressure. The wind-blocking retaining wall material comprises 30% organic square bricks, 50% rammed earth, and 20% sand and stone by weight. In front of and behind the wind-blocking retaining wall, long 1.0 m arbor / shrub branches are interwoven and cut to form a wind-blocking net with a spacing of 1.0 m, and there are 3 rows of the wind-blocking net in front of and behind the wind-blocking retaining wall. The arbor / shrub branches comprise willow, sea buckthorn and rose.

[0021] The organic square brick is an environmentally friendly brick made of straw, herbaceous fiber, clay and organic fertilizer. The organic square brick has the following advantages: biodegradable, no pollution to the environment, good water retention and air permeability, and can be used as a plant seed carrier to promote later greening. The organic square brick is used in the following way: arranged on the surface layer of the wall body or key nodes for reinforcing the structure; and plant seeds can be pre-embedded to facilitate natural restoration of vegetation later.

[0022] The rammed earth is a building material formed by layering and ramming natural clay and sandy soil. The rammed earth has the following advantages: low cost and simple construction; good thermal stability, suitable for environments with large diurnal temperature differences; and coordination with the natural environment and easy ecological integration.

[0023] The sand and stone is an inorganic material including gravel, pebbles, coarse sand and other materials with relatively large particles. The sand and stone has the following advantages: improving the stability of the wall body foundation and preventing the bottom from being eroded and damaged for a long time; and simulating natural topography in windy and sandy areas to reduce wind power.

[0024] S102, an inner windbreak body (2) is established by using 15% organic square bricks, 10% sand and stone, 40% rammed earth, 20% clay bricks and 15% soil by weight, Figure 1 The inner windbreak bodies are staggered and established with a spacing of 1.5 m, each inner windbreak body is 1.5 m long, 10 cm high and 5 cm wide.

[0025] The soil brick can be used as an intermediate layer or a surface layer material to increase the thickness and stability of the wall. The soil brick can be pre-made for easy construction. The soil is used to fill the gaps and help the vegetation grow. The soil quality can be improved by adding an appropriate amount of organic matter to promote vegetation coverage.

[0026] S200, water network comprehensive construction S201, at the upstream of the snow mountain meltwater and the front end of the non-point source, a trapezoidal buffer dike is established by using 10% of sand and stone, 60% of rammed earth, 10% of brick, and 20% of soil by weight Figure 1 The trapezoidal buffer dike is 30 cm wide and 15 cm high. According to the water flow and impact force, 1-3 buffer dikes can be established, with each buffer dike spaced 3 m apart.

[0027] S202, then, a biological pool and a water network are established Figure 1 The biological pool forms a grid with a spacing of 2 m, and the water network is V-shaped and staggered, connecting all the biological pools. The biological pool is used for water accumulation; the biological pool is 30 cm in diameter and 40 cm deep, and the bottom of the biological pool is filled with 3L of substrate Figure 2 .

[0028] The water network is a shallow ditch with a depth of 5 cm on the ground surface, and the angle between the water and soil loss direction is 45°. The shallow ditch is 10 cm long and has a gentle slope, and the other side is 5 cm deep and perpendicular to the ground surface. The two shallow ditches are perpendicular to each other, forming a V-shaped basic unit.

[0029] The mass ratio of organic fertilizer, resin type water retaining agent, and microbial fertilizer in the substrate composition is 60:38:2. The organic matter content in the organic fertilizer is ≥40%, the total nitrogen content is ≥5%, and the total phosphorus content is ≥3%. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria content in the microbial fertilizer is ≥10%, and the probiotic bacteria content is ≥20%.

[0030] S300, biological comprehensive repair S301, taking the biological pool as the base point, 3-year-old willow / hippophae rhamnoides are planted in the center of the biological pool.

[0031] The seedling requires similar habitat or local cultivation, and does not have leaves or spikes. According to the healthy condition of the seedling, 2-3 seedlings are planted per hole, with a planting depth of 40-60 cm, a stubble height of 1-1.5 m on the ground surface, and the excess branches are cut off. Each hole is supplemented with 2-4 L of water, and the subsequent water is supplemented once a week, with 1-2 L of water each time, and 3-4 times in total.

[0032] S302, taking the planted trees as the center, grass seeds are sown in a circular area with a radius of 30 cm, and the grass seed quantity ratio is: highland barley: Tibetan early-maturing grass: meadow fescue: purple needle grass: glacial spine bean = 2:1:1:1:1. The biological pool seedling survival rate is 1000 plants per square meter. After sowing the seeds, cover the organic soil 2 cm, which is 3 cm shallower than the ground surface, to form a rainwater collection pit.

[0033] By mixing different types of grass seeds, biodiversity can be increased, leading to a more stable and healthy ecosystem. Different plants have different growth habits and resistances, which can better cope with diseases, pests, climate change and other external pressures.

[0034] As a cold-resistant crop, highland barley performs well in high-altitude areas, with fast growth rate and high yield, which can quickly establish vegetation cover in the early stage and reduce soil erosion. Tibetan early grass, Elymus nutans, Stipa purpurea, and glacier spine bean are all suitable for cold or highland environments, with good ground cover ability and root structure, which helps to maintain soil stability in the long term, while providing rich habitats for local insects and other small animals.

[0035] Expected effects: ① Increase vegetation coverage: quickly establish a dense vegetation layer to effectively prevent soil erosion.

[0036] ② Enhance ecosystem services: including water purification, climate regulation, and provision of biological habitats, among other benefits.

[0037] ③ Promote biodiversity: diverse vegetation types are beneficial to attract and maintain more wildlife, promoting ecological balance.

[0038] ④ Improve resistance: interactions between different species can enhance the resistance of the entire community to diseases, pests, and extreme weather events.

[0039] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a wind-preventing and water-accumulating three-dimensional network on a high-altitude cold and arid valley desertified grassland, comprising the following steps: S100, construction of wind-preventing network complex S101, establish a wind-blocking wall unit at the peripheral wind port, the wind-blocking wall is 1.5m high, 20cm wide, the slope of the windward side is 45°, the slope of the leeward side is 75°, and the wind-blocking wall material includes 40% organic square bricks, 50% rammed earth, and 10% sandstone by weight. In front of and behind the wind-blocking wall, long 2.0m tree / shrub branches are interwoven and inserted to form a wind-blocking net with a spacing of 1.5m, and there are 3 rows in front of and behind the wind-blocking wall. The tree / shrub branches include rose, white poplar, and spruce.

[0040] S102, use 20% organic square bricks, 15% sandstone, 40% rammed earth, 15% adobe, and 10% soil to build an inner wind-preventing body by weight, the inner wind-preventing body is staggered, with a spacing of 3m, each inner wind-preventing body is 3m long, 20cm high, and 10cm wide.

[0041] S200, comprehensive construction of water network S201, at the upstream of snow mountain meltwater, at the front end of non-point source, a trapezoidal buffer dike is established by using 20% sand and stone, 60% rammed earth, 10% brick and 10% soil by weight, the trapezoidal buffer dike is 50 cm wide and 30 cm high. According to the water flow and impact force, 1-3 buffer dikes can be established, and each buffer dike is spaced 5 m apart.

[0042] S202, then, a biological pool and a water network are established, the biological pool forms a grid with a spacing of 3 m, the water network is staggered in a V shape, and all the biological pools are connected, and the biological pool is used for water accumulation; the biological pool is 40 cm in diameter and 60 cm in depth, and the bottom of the biological pool is filled with 4 L of substrate. The water network is a shallow ditch with a depth of 5 cm on the ground, and the angle between the water network and the soil erosion direction is 45°, the shallow ditch is 10 cm long in the water receiving direction and is in a gentle slope shape, the other side is 5 cm deep and is perpendicular to the ground, and the two shallow ditches are perpendicular to each other to form a V-shaped basic unit.

[0043] In the substrate composition, the mass ratio of organic fertilizer, resin type water retaining agent and microbial fertilizer is 60:38:2; in the organic fertilizer, the organic matter is greater than or equal to 40%, the total nitrogen is greater than or equal to 5%, and the total phosphorus is greater than or equal to 3%; in the microbial fertilizer, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are greater than or equal to 10%, and the probiotics are greater than or equal to 20%.

[0044] S300, biological comprehensive repair S301, taking the biological pool as a base point, a willow / hippophae rhamnoides of 5 years old is planted in the center of the biological pool.

[0045] The seedling requires similar habitat or local cultivation, and is not leafy or has a long spike, 2-3 seedlings are planted per hole according to the healthy condition of the seedling, the planting depth is 40-60 cm, the stubble on the ground is 1-1.5 m, the excess branches are cut, 2-4 L of water is supplemented per hole, and 1-2 L of water is supplemented once a week, and 3-4 times of water supplement are performed.

[0046] S302, taking the planted tree as a center, grass seeds are sown in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm, the quantity ratio of the grass seeds is: highland barley: Tibetan early-maturing grass: siberian wildrye: purple needle grass: glacial spine bean = 2:1:1:1:1, the survival rate of the biological pool is 2000 plants per square meter, after the seeds are sown, 3 cm of organic soil is covered, which is 5 cm shallower than the ground, and a rainwater collecting pit is formed.

[0047] Embodiment 3 The embodiment provides a high-altitude cold and dry valley desertification grassland wind-preventing and water-accumulating three-dimensional network construction method, which comprises the following steps: S100, construction of a wind-preventing network complex S101, Establish a wind-blocking retaining wall unit at the peripheral wind port, with a height of 1.2 m, a width of 15 cm, a slope of 40° on the windward side, and a slope of 70° on the leeward side. The wind-blocking retaining wall material includes 35% organic square bricks, 45% rammed earth, and 20% sand and stone by weight. In front of and behind the wind-blocking retaining wall, interweave long 1.5 m tree / shrub branches to form a wind-blocking net with a spacing of 1.2 m, with 3 rows in front and behind the wind-blocking retaining wall. The tree / shrub branches include willow, sea buckthorn, rose, white poplar, and spruce.

[0048] S102, Establish an inner wind protection body using 18% organic square bricks, 12% sand and stone, 35% rammed earth, 20% clay bricks, and 15% soil by weight. The inner wind protection body is established in a staggered manner with a spacing of 2.0 m, each inner wind protection body is 2.0 m long, 15 cm high, and 8 cm wide.

[0049] S200, Comprehensive construction of water network S201, At the upstream of the snow mountain meltwater and the front end of the non-point source, establish a trapezoidal buffer dike using 15% sand and stone, 50% rammed earth, 15% square bricks, and 20% soil by weight. The trapezoidal buffer dike is 40 cm wide and 20 cm high. According to the water flow and impact force, 1-3 buffer dikes can be established, with a spacing of 4 m between each buffer dike.

[0050] S202, Then, establish a biological pool and a water network. The biological pool forms a grid with a spacing of 2.5 m, and the water network is V-shaped and staggered, connecting all biological pools. The biological pool is used for water accumulation; the biological pool is 35 cm in diameter and 50 cm deep, and the bottom of the biological pool is filled with 3.5 L of substrate.

[0051] The water network is a shallow ditch with a depth of 5 cm on the ground surface, with an angle of 45° to the direction of water and soil erosion. The water-facing side of the shallow ditch is 10 cm long and has a gentle slope, while the other side is 5 cm deep and perpendicular to the ground surface. The two shallow ditches are perpendicular to each other, forming a V-shaped basic unit.

[0052] In the substrate composition, the mass ratio of organic fertilizer, resin-type water-retaining agent, and microbial fertilizer is 60:38:2. In the organic fertilizer, the organic matter content is ≥40%, the total nitrogen content is ≥5%, and the total phosphorus content is ≥3%. In the microbial fertilizer, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria content is ≥10%, and the probiotic bacteria content is ≥20%.

[0053] S300, Biological comprehensive repair S301, Plant 4-year-old willow / seabuckthorn in the center of the biological pool. The seedlings require similar habitats or local cultivation, and are not yet leafy or have long spikes. According to the health of the seedlings, plant 2-3 seedlings per hole, with a planting depth of 40-60 cm, leaving 1-1.5 m of stubble on the ground surface, and cutting off excess branches. Supplement 2-4 L of water per hole, and then supplement 1 L-2 L of water every week, for 3-4 times.

[0054] S302, in the center of the planted trees, grass seeds are sown in a circular area with a radius of 40 cm, and the quantity ratio of the grass seeds is: highland barley: Tibetan early grass: eschscholzia: purple needle grass: glacier spine bean = 2:1:1:1:1, the survival rate of the biological pool is 1500 plants per square meter, after the seeds are sown, 2.5 cm of organic soil is covered, which is 4 cm shallower than the ground surface, and rainwater collecting pits are formed.

[0055] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and characteristics of the present application, and do not mean the only or limit the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various changes or equivalent replacements made to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application, all belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a three-dimensional network for preventing wind and waterlogging in desertified grasslands in high-altitude cold and arid river valleys, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100, windbreak network complex construction S101. Construct windbreak walls at the outer wind vents. The windbreak walls are 1-1.5 meters high and 10-20 cm wide, with a slope of 30-45° on the windward side and 60-75° on the leeward side. The windbreak wall materials include 30-40% organic bricks, 40-50% rammed earth, and 10-20% sand and gravel. S102. Construct an inner windbreak using 15%-20% organic bricks, 10%-15% sand and gravel, 30%-40% rammed earth, 15%-20% earth bricks, and 10%-20% soil. The inner windbreaks are staggered and spaced 1.5-3 meters apart. Each inner windbreak is 1.5-3 meters long, 10-20 cm high, and 5-10 cm wide. S200, comprehensive water network construction S201: Build a trapezoidal buffer dike upstream of the snow-melt water source using 10%-20% sand and gravel, 40%-60% rammed earth, 10%-20% bricks, and 10%-20% soil. The trapezoidal buffer dike should be 30cm-50cm wide and 15cm-30cm high. S202. Afterwards, biological pools and water networks are established. The biological pools are formed into a grid with intervals of 2m-3m. The water networks are staggered in a V-shape and connect all the biological pools. The biological pools are used for water accumulation. The biological pools have a diameter of 30cm-40cm and a depth of 40cm-60cm. The bottom of the biological pools is filled with 3L-4L of substrate. S300, comprehensive biological restoration S301. Plant 3-5 year old willow / sea ​​buckthorn trees in the center of the bio-pond, taking the bio-pond as the base point; S302. With the planted trees as the center, sow grass seeds in a circular area with a radius of 30cm-50cm. The seedling retention rate in the biological pond is 1000 plants / square meter-2000 plants / square meter. After sowing the seeds, cover them with 2cm-3cm of organic soil, 3cm-5cm shallower than the ground surface, to form a rainwater collection pit.

2. The method for constructing a three-dimensional network for preventing wind and waterlogging in desertified grasslands in high-altitude cold and arid river valleys according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S101, 1.0m-2.0m long tree / shrub branches are interwoven and grafted before and after the windbreak wall to form a windbreak net with a spacing of 1.0m-1.5m, with 3 rows before and after the windbreak wall.

3. The method for constructing a three-dimensional network for preventing wind and waterlogging in desertified grasslands in high-altitude cold and arid river valleys according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tree / shrub branches include one or more of willow, sea buckthorn, rose, poplar, and spruce.

4. The method for constructing a three-dimensional network for preventing wind and waterlogging in desertified grasslands in high-altitude cold and arid river valleys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S201, one to three buffer dikes are built according to the water flow and impact strength, with each buffer dike being 3m to 5m apart.

5. The method for constructing a three-dimensional network for preventing wind and waterlogging in desertified grasslands in high-altitude cold and arid river valleys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S202, the water network digs a shallow ditch with a depth of 5 cm on the ground surface, with an angle of 45° to the direction of soil erosion. The shallow ditch is 10 cm long on the water-facing side and has a gentle slope. The other side is 5 cm deep and perpendicular to the ground surface. The two shallow ditches are perpendicular to each other, forming a V-shaped basic unit.

6. The method for constructing a three-dimensional network for preventing wind and waterlogging in desertified grasslands in high-altitude cold and arid river valleys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S202, in the matrix components, the mass ratio of organic fertilizer, resin-type water-retaining agent, and microbial fertilizer is 60:38:2; in the organic fertilizer, organic matter ≥40%, total nitrogen ≥5%, and total phosphorus ≥3%; in the microbial fertilizer, nitrogen-fixing bacteria ≥10%, and probiotics ≥20%.

7. The method for constructing a three-dimensional network for preventing wind and waterlogging in desertified grasslands in high-altitude cold and arid river valleys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S301, the seedlings are required to be in the same habitat or cultivated locally, without leaves or spikes. Depending on the health of the seedlings, 2-3 seedlings are planted in each hole, with a planting depth of 40cm-60cm, 1m-1.5m of stubble left on the surface, and excess branches are cut off. 2L-4L of water is added to each hole, and water is added once a week subsequently, with 1L-2L of water added each time, for 3-4 times.

8. The method for constructing a three-dimensional network for preventing wind and waterlogging in desertified grasslands in high-altitude cold and arid river valleys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S302, the ratio of grass seed numbers is: highland barley: Tibetan bluegrass: Elymus dahliae: Stipa purpurogenum: Oxytropis glacialis = 2:1:1:1:1:1.

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