Peach branch source culture material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a peach branch source culture material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. Specifically, the invention provides the preparation method of the peach branch source culture material, which comprises the following steps: drying and crushing peach branches, and then carrying out micro-fermentation, high-temperature fermentation and ventilation cooling fermentation, thereby obtaining the peach branch source culture material. The invention also provides the culture material prepared by the method and application of the culture material in cultivation of edible mushrooms, especially stropharia rugoso-annulata. According to the method, pure peach sawdust is taken as a raw material, micro-fermentation with a small amount of water added for a long time is performed, high-temperature fermentation with a large amount of water added for an appropriate time and later ventilation cooling fermentation are performed, after a lignocellulose structure of the peach sawdust is opened, lignin degradation is promoted, and then all nutrients of the sawdust are locked; according to the method, large-scale production can be carried out under the condition that strain inoculation and high-temperature heating are not needed, the environmental pressure caused by the peach branch waste is solved, meanwhile, production of high-quality edible mushrooms is achieved, and the wide application prospect is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biological fermentation, in particular to a peach branch culture medium and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the data of FAO, the global peach harvesting area has been basically stable at more than 200 million mu in recent years, and the yield is about 25 million tons, and the yield level has been continuously improved.

[0003] However, peach planting not only has beautiful peach blossoms and attractive fruits, but also produces a large amount of peach branches. According to statistics, a mu of peach forest produces about 0.7 tons of peach branches per year. The large amount of generation and enrichment of these peach branch wastes has posed a threat to farmland, water bodies and living environment, and has become a pollution source that cannot be ignored. If they are not resourceized and are discarded as garbage, they will bring risks to the air, water bodies and living environment. Therefore, the treatment, processing and utilization of peach branch wastes have become an inevitable way to prevent and eliminate pollution and achieve resource utilization.

[0004] At present, a large amount of peach branches are pruned by peach farmers every year, most of which cannot be processed and are discarded or burned according to the traditional treatment method, which not only has safety hazards but also pollutes the environment.

[0005] Some people have proposed methods for utilizing peach branches in other ways. For example, CN202410660378.8 provides a peach branch extract and a preparation method and detection method thereof, which comprises the following steps: (1) taking peach branch medicinal materials, decocting with water, and separating the solid and liquid to obtain filtrate; (2) concentrating the filtrate in step (1), and then freeze-drying, which is divided into three stages: a. pre-freezing: the pre-freezing temperature is-50℃ to-45℃; b. first drying: the drying temperature is-35℃ to 0℃; c. second drying: the drying temperature is 5-25℃, to obtain the peach branch extract. For another example, CN201710727833.1 provides a peach branch beauty herbal bath liquid and a preparation method thereof, which is made of 10 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials including peach branches. However, whether it is CN202410660378.8 or CN201710727833.1, the technical solution uses peach branches as medicinal materials, and the processing amount is very limited.

[0006] For another example, CN202211510821.0 provides a rapid fermentation method for producing peach branch organic fertilizer, which comprises: using peach gum secreted by peach branches to attract insects, letting insects eat into insect manure, and then crushing, fermenting, decomposing, humidifying and film fermentation, but this method needs to use peach gum to attract insects to eat in, and the operation controllability is poor, and the utilization efficiency is also low.

[0007] There are also studies on the optimal formula and process of peach wood chips mixed with corn agricultural waste for cultivating Stropharia rugosoannulata in a sunlight greenhouse. The results show that the raw material process is significantly better than the fermented material in terms of agronomic traits and yield, etc.; the fermented material supplemented with short-time high temperature is better than the fermented material in terms of yield and agronomic traits, etc.; in the raw material process, the combination of peach wood chips and corn cob has the highest yield and excellent fruiting body traits; the combination of peach wood chips and corn straw has the best fruiting body traits such as mushroom index and single mushroom weight, shorter time from seeding to fruiting, higher yield and biological efficiency; the multi-material combination of peach wood chips, corn straw and corn cob is beneficial to the formation of early yield. The process of fermented material treatment is pre-wetting, pile building and turning, fermentation and high-temperature treatment in a frame (Yang Qizhi, Zhao Qingqing, Chen Qingjun, Zhang Guoqing, Liu Guiping, Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Stropharia rugosoannulata Cultivated in Different Formulas and Processes in Sunlight Greenhouse, Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(14): 59-65). The three formulas disclosed in the article all need to mix about 50% by weight of other cultivation materials on the basis of peach wood chips, resulting in a reduction of about 50% in the processing efficiency of peach branch waste; in addition, the fermented material short-time high temperature needs to put the culture material into a large basket and sterilize at 100°C for 2h under normal pressure, which is not only complicated, but also has a very limited processing capacity, and is not suitable for large-scale application.

[0008] Another study analyzes the nutritional components of peach wood chips and other agricultural straws (rice husk, straw, corn cob, corn straw, cottonseed hull) and their effects on the growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata mycelium. The growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata mycelium and enzyme activity in single medium with peach wood chips and five kinds of straws and in compound medium are observed, recorded and measured. The results show that the lignin content of peach wood chips is significantly higher, and the mycelium of Stropharia rugosoannulata in single substrate is significantly weaker than that of other agricultural straws, and grows better in compound substrate medium than in single substrate medium (Xiong Jiaying, Chen Qingjun, Zhang Guoqing, Liu Yang, Effects of Wood Chips and Agricultural Straws on the Growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata Mycelium, Journal of Beijing Agricultural College, 2023, 38(3): 16-22). However, this study uses peach wood chips and / or other straws only as culture medium, not as culture material, and the processing capacity and dosage are limited, and it needs to be combined with other materials to form a compound substrate medium, which results in the inability to generate on a field scale, and the processing efficiency of peach branch waste is low. SUMMARY

[0009] To solve the problems of insufficient utilization of peach branch waste generated in the peach planting area in the prior art, environmental pressure and inability to scale utilization, the present application proposes a culture material formed by fermenting pure peach branches as raw materials and its application in edible fungus cultivation such as Stropharia rugosoannulata and Rhizoma Dianthi.

[0010] Specifically, the present application provides, in a first aspect, a method for preparing a peach branch-derived culture material, the method comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) reducing the water content of the peach branch to below 15%, to obtain dried peach branch;

[0012] (2) once crushing the dried peach branch to obtain once crushed material;

[0013] (3) reducing the water content of the once crushed material to above 10% to obtain once crushed dry material;

[0014] (4) twice crushing the once crushed dry material to obtain fermentation crushed material;

[0015] (5) sequentially performing micro-fermentation, high-temperature fermentation and air-permeation and temperature-lowering fermentation on the fermentation crushed material to obtain the peach branch source culture medium.

[0016] The present application provides, in a second aspect, the culture medium prepared by the method of the first aspect of the present application.

[0017] The present application provides, in a third aspect, the use of the culture medium of the second aspect of the present application in edible mushroom cultivation.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical advantages:

[0019] (1) The present application uses 100% peach wood chips as raw material, without adding other materials such as rice husk, straw, corn cob, etc., and can be performed in an outdoor site, suitable for large-scale industrial application of peach branch waste.

[0020] (2) The method of the present application can lock all the nutrients of the peach wood chips. The present application uses long-term micro-fermentation in the early stage to open the structure of lignocellulose in the wood chips, adds a large amount of water in the later stage, and performs high-temperature turning operation, and finally performs post-fermentation in the way of air-permeation and temperature-lowering, effectively opening the channel of lignin degradation and locking all the nutrients of the wood chips.

[0021] (3) The method of the present application can be performed in an open site, and all processes do not need additional energy and equipment for high-temperature heating sterilization.

[0022] (4) The method of the present application does not need to introduce external microorganisms, saving the inoculation step.

[0023] (5) The culture medium prepared by the method of the present application is particularly suitable for the production of edible mushrooms, especially large-capped mushrooms, bamboo shoots, elm mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The figure shows the research site of peach tree branch waste.

[0025] Figure 2The figure shows the mycelium growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata on different particle sawdust.

[0026] Figure 3 The figure shows the large-scale collection of peach branches and the crushing site when pure peach sawdust is used to prepare the culture medium (March, sawdust crushing stage).

[0027] Figure 4 The figure shows the large-scale fermentation site when pure peach sawdust is used to prepare the culture medium (April, sawdust pile building stage in the micro-fermentation).

[0028] Figure 5 The figure shows the large-scale fermentation site when pure peach sawdust is used to prepare the culture medium (early July, high-temperature fermentation).

[0029] Figure 6 The figure shows the large-scale fermentation site when pure peach sawdust is used to prepare the culture medium (late July, high-temperature fermentation stage, water spraying and pile turning).

[0030] Figure 7 The figure shows the change in the color of the culture medium when pure peach sawdust is used to prepare the culture medium (August, the left side is the fermented culture medium, and the right side is the crushed material obtained in step (1)).

[0031] Figure 8 The figure shows the mature fermented material prepared by using pure peach sawdust “micro-fermentation-high-temperature fermentation-air permeation and temperature reduction fermentation”.

[0032] Figure 9 The figure shows the process of preparing the culture medium by using the conventional process.

[0033] Figure 10 The figure shows the field application of the mature culture medium prepared by using pure sawdust.

[0034] Figure 11 The figure shows the field cultivation of Stropharia rugosoannulata and the harvesting scene by using the peach sawdust culture medium (1 and 2 are the fruiting state; 3 is the mycelium growth of the spawn in the culture medium; and 4 is the harvested Stropharia rugosoannulata).

[0035] Figure 12 The figure shows the first-grade Stropharia rugosoannulata produced by using the peach sawdust culture medium and the field scene.

[0036] Figure 13 The figure shows the fruiting of Disporopsis perfoliata sown in the full peach sawdust culture medium (prepared in Preparation Example 1).

[0037] Figure 14 The figure shows the fruiting of Phellinus vaninii sown in the full peach sawdust culture medium (prepared in Preparation Example 1). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0039] As described above, the present application provides, in a first aspect, a preparation method of peach branch-derived culture medium, the method comprising the following steps:

[0040] (1) reducing the water content of peach branches to below 15% to obtain dried peach branches;

[0041] (2) once crushing the dried peach branches to obtain once crushed material;

[0042] (3) reducing the water content of the once crushed material to above 10% to obtain once crushed dry material;

[0043] (4) twice crushing the once crushed dry material to obtain fermentation-use crushed material;

[0044] (5) sequentially subjecting the fermentation-use crushed material to micro-fermentation, high-temperature fermentation and air-permeation and temperature-lowering fermentation to obtain the peach branch-derived culture medium.

[0045] In step (1), the water content of peach branches can be reduced to below 15%, for example, below 14%, below 13%, below 12%, below 11% or below 10%, to obtain dried peach branches. If the water content of peach branches is too high, it can cause rotting and nutrient loss.

[0046] In step (2), the once crushed material has a crushing particle size of less than 20 mm in width (the dimension of three dimensions of a particle that is the second smallest in size is taken as the width) and less than 70 mm in length (the dimension of three dimensions of a particle that is the largest in size is taken as the length and the length is greater than or equal to the width), which facilitates drying in step (3) and twice crushing in step (4).

[0047] In step (4), the once crushed dry material is preferably crushed to a width of less than 15 mm and a length of less than 50 mm. For example, the width can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 mm, and the length can be 20, 30, 40 or 50 mm; more preferably, the once crushed dry material is crushed to a mixture of a width of less than 15 mm and a length of less than 50 mm.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, the micro-fermentation comprises first micro-fermentation, first turning, second micro-fermentation and second turning.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, the first turning is a water turning. More preferably, the amount of water added in the first turning is 5% to 10% (e.g. 7%) by weight of the shredded material for fermentation.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, the fermentation time of the first micro-fermentation is 65 days to 75 days (e.g. 70 days).

[0051] Preferably, the fermentation time of the second micro-fermentation is 25 days to 30 days (e.g. 27 days).

[0052] In some preferred embodiments, the high-temperature fermentation comprises a third turning and a fourth turning. Preferably, the third turning is a water turning. More preferably, the third turning is performed after the second turning is completed and the pile is left for 25 days to 30 days (e.g. 27 days).

[0053] Preferably, the fourth turning is a water turning. More preferably, the fourth turning is performed after the third turning is completed and the pile is left for 10 to 15 days.

[0054] In some preferred embodiments, the amount of water added in the third turning and the fourth turning is independently 40% to 45% (e.g. 42%) by weight of the shredded material for fermentation.

[0055] Preferably, the fermentation temperature of the high-temperature fermentation is 70℃ to 80℃ (e.g. 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79 or 80℃).

[0056] In some preferred embodiments, the air-permeable cooling fermentation comprises air-permeable cooling by perforation on the pile. For example, the air-permeable cooling fermentation can comprise perforation on the pile at intervals of 50cm x 50cm with a hole diameter of 15cm to 20cm, and the maintenance time is 5 days to 7 days. By air-permeable cooling, the material can be further matured.

[0057] The present application provides, in a second aspect, a compost prepared by the method of the first aspect of the present application.

[0058] The present application provides, in a third aspect, use of the compost of the second aspect of the present application in cultivation of edible fungi. Preferably, the edible fungi is Stropharia rugosoannulata, Dictyophora indusiata, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Lepista nuda, etc.

[0059] In some more preferred embodiments, the edible mushroom is Stropharia rugosoannulata. Stropharia rugosoannulata (trade name: Akamatsutake) has very rich nutritional ingredients, and has great potential for medicinal and health care effects. It is one of the ten mushroom species recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations for cultivation in developing countries. Stropharia rugosoannulata belongs to the grass-rot fungus, and is mainly cultivated using agricultural straw at home and abroad, for example, rice straw is used for cultivation in tropical and subtropical regions where rice is produced. It is generally believed that Stropharia rugosoannulata is more easily absorbed by raw materials containing cellulose and hemicellulose, such as rice straw and straw. Sawdust usually needs to be mixed with other materials such as straw due to the high content of lignin. However, the present inventors have found that Stropharia rugosoannulata has strong lignin degradation ability in peachwood sawdust. The peachwood sawdust is subjected to micro-fermentation, multiple pile turning, and high-temperature fermentation and air-permeable temperature-reducing fermentation by adding water more than one month before seeding, so that the resulting culture material has mature texture, the mycelium grows robustly and densely after seeding, and the mushroom has excellent hardness and elasticity, and strong mushrooming strength in the later stage, and excellent quality.

[0060] The present application can use 100% peachwood to produce high-quality edible mushroom culture material on a large scale, has a broad application prospect, and can produce huge economic benefits. The present application processes a large amount of peachwood sawdust into edible mushroom culture material, which can make the branches of the peach tree be used in a timely and reasonable manner, and not be stacked in front of or behind the houses of every household, thereby affecting the village appearance. Therefore, the present application also achieves good social benefits. Furthermore, according to the present application method, 0.6-0.8 kg of mushroom residue can be produced by using 1 kg of peach tree branch culture material for cultivating edible mushrooms. The mushroom residue is a good organic fertilizer and soil conditioner after further composting and fermentation, and is a good way for resource utilization of the edible mushroom of the peach tree branch. At the same time, the present application perfectly solves the problems of environmental management, fire prevention and disaster prevention, agricultural resource recycling, and the like in the peach tree planting area, and therefore can achieve very outstanding ecological benefits.

[0061] Embodiment

[0062] The present application will be further described below by way of examples. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to these examples.

[0063] Prior research: The present inventors have been researching experiments of making fertilizer from peach tree branches for many years. However, due to slow lignin degradation, the period for making fertilizer is long (6-12 months), and the ability to consume peach tree branches in a short period of time is limited. After multiple investigations (see Figure 1 ) and formula and process tests of multiple edible mushroom species (including Stropharia rugosoannulata, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Rhizoma bambusae), it was found that the peachwood sawdust culture material prepared by the present application method is suitable for multiple edible mushroom species, such as Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Stropharia rugosoannulata, and Rhizoma bambusae, among which Stropharia rugosoannulata is the most suitable (see Figures 11 to 14).

[0064] Experimental Example 1

[0065] In this experimental example, the process and heavy metal content of the product were analyzed by planting Pleurotus with sawdust (secondary ground sawdust prepared according to steps (1) to (4) in Preparation Example 1) as raw material to evaluate the safety of the culture medium. The heavy metal content was measured according to GB2762-2017. The experimental formula added 55% and 70% of sawdust, respectively, with cottonseed hulls and corn cobs as controls (CK), and the culture was carried out using two processes of matured medium and fermented medium. The heavy metal content of the obtained fruiting body and the original sawdust was determined.

[0066] The results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, except that Pb of F-70 exceeded the standard, the other heavy metals met the requirements of GB2762-2017.

[0067] Table 1. Heavy metal content of different formula culture media, pure sawdust and Pleurotus fruiting bodies.

[0068]

[0069] Experimental Example 2

[0070] In this experimental example, the pesticide residues (dichlorvos, deltamethrin, carbendazim, difenoconazole and pyridaben) in sawdust from different sources were measured, where the new or old samples represent the samples taken at the indicated time, and the results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, no residues of dichlorvos, deltamethrin or pyridaben were detected in the sawdust. New sawdust contained a certain amount of difenoconazole, while old sawdust that had been stacked for more than half a year did not detect any pesticide residues, indicating that the pesticide residues in the sawdust were decomposed as the storage time was prolonged. The Pleurotus fruiting bodies obtained by the two processes of Table 1 with three formulas were detected for dichlorvos, deltamethrin, carbendazim, difenoconazole and pyridaben, and no pesticide residues were found. Therefore, using sawdust as culture medium for edible fungi is safe in terms of pesticide residues and can be used with confidence.

[0071] Table 2. Detection results of different pesticide residues in sawdust samples.

[0072]

[0073] Experimental Example 3

[0074] The present experimental example measures the porosity-related parameters of peach wood chips of different particle sizes, and inoculates the wood chips of different particle sizes with the Stropharia rugosoannulata spores, and analyzes the influence of the particle size of the peach wood chips on the growth of the Stropharia rugosoannulata mycelium. The results show that the Stropharia rugosoannulata spores can grow in the wood chip particle size range of less than 15 mm, and as the particle diameter increases, the ventilation gap becomes larger, the water holding gap becomes smaller, and the mycelium growth becomes weaker (as shown in Table 3 and Figure 2 The mycelium grows better in the mixture of 0-15 mm, indicating that the size of the particle is more suitable for the physical and chemical properties. If the large particle wood chips are used for production, they need to be further processed, and the small wood chip particles may require more power costs and labor costs, since the particles crushed by the crusher are large and small, and the mixture can meet the mycelium growth. Therefore, the wood chip particles are preferably a mixture of 0 mm to 15 mm in width (thickness) and 0-50 mm in length

[0075] Table 3 Physical properties of different peach wood chip particles.

[0076]

[0077] Preparation Example 1

[0078] In the present preparation example, 100% of the peach branch wood chips are used to prepare the peach branch source culture medium by using the method of "micro-fermentation 75 + 30 days + high

[0079] temperature fermentation for 30 days + ventilation and cooling fermentation for 5-7 days" (about 5 months in total), and the preparation process is as follows (see also Figures 4 to 8 ):

[0080] (1) Collecting raw materials and stacking: from the middle of September, the branches and trunks (including leaves) of peach trees are collected as raw materials. It is determined that the moisture content of the raw materials is 47% to 48%, and the raw materials are naturally stacked from November to December, and the moisture content of the raw materials is significantly reduced (reduced to below 15%).

[0081] (2) Crushing: the stacked raw materials are crushed on January 15 of the next year, at which time the moisture content of the raw materials is reduced to 15%. The raw materials with a moisture content of 15% are coarsely crushed (i.e. the first crushing, crushed to a width of less than 20 mm and a length of less than 70 mm), to obtain coarsely crushed raw materials (i.e. once-crushed dry materials). The coarsely crushed raw materials are placed until March 15, when the moisture content is reduced to about 10%, and then finely crushed (i.e. the second crushing, crushed to a width of less than 15 mm and a length of less than 50 mm), to obtain crushed materials for fermentation, and at the same time, the pile is built, with a pile height of 2 m to 3 m, a width of 8 m to 10 m, and a length according to the site.

[0082] (3) The first time of turning over the above crushed material, 5% water is added to mix the crushed material and prevent dust during turning over, and the crushed material is slightly fermented (i.e. the first time of slight fermentation) to open the structure of lignocellulose while avoiding the loss of nutrients of the peach branch sawdust.

[0083] After 70 days of the first time of slight fermentation (at the end of May), the material is turned over (the second time of turning over) and 25% water is added to continue the slight fermentation (i.e. the second time of slight fermentation). The second time of slight fermentation lasts for 30 days, and the material enters the high-temperature fermentation period at the beginning of July.

[0084] (4) High-temperature fermentation: after 30 days of the second time of turning over (at the beginning of July), the material is turned over again (the third time of turning over with water added) with 40% water added to the material (crushed material). At the middle of July, the temperature of the material reaches 70°C, and the material is turned over again (i.e. the fourth time of turning over) with 40% water added to the material (crushed material), and then the high-temperature fermentation lasts for 2 weeks.

[0085] (5) Air-permeable and temperature-lowering fermentation: at the end of July to the beginning of August, the material is perforated. A 6-inch pipe is inserted into the material from both sides of the material to a depth of 4 meters with a spacing of 0.5X 0.5 meters, and the air-permeable and temperature-lowering fermentation lasts for one week, and then the material is discharged to obtain the final compost. The whole process lasts for about 5 months.

[0086] Preparation Example 2

[0087] The same method as in Preparation Example 1 is used, except that the fermentation material is composed of 50% wood chips, 25% corn cobs and 25% corn stalks by mass instead of 100% pure peach branch sawdust as in Preparation Example 1.

[0088] Preparation Example 3 (conventional fermentation process)

[0089] The same method as in Preparation Example 1 is used, except that the 100% peach branch sawdust material crushed is fermented in the following conventional manner: pre-wetting for 3 days (i.e. adding water to make the water content of the material 70% by weight), then turning over for the first time, high-temperature fermentation for 6 days (at this time, the temperature is measured to be 70°C), then turning over for the second time with water added (30% by weight), and then turning over once more, and the whole process lasts for about 3 weeks, and then the obtained compost is used for seeding (see Figure 9 ).

[0090] Preparation Example 4 (conventional fermentation process)

[0091] The same method as in Preparation Example 3 is used, except that the fermentation material is composed of 50% wood chips, 25% corn cobs and 25% corn stalks by mass, and the whole process lasts for about 3 weeks, and then the obtained compost is used for seeding.

[0092] Planting Example 1

[0093] The culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 1 was used to plant Stropharia rugosoannulata (Stropharia rugosoannulata spore was purchased from Shandong Sanshengwannu Biological Technology Co., Ltd.) in a conventional manner, and the specific planting process was as follows:

[0094] The planting was carried out in a ridge type in an open field. The culture medium was used as the ridge: the ridge width was 0.5 m x height 0.15 m x length 10 m, the distance between two ridges was 0.5 m, and the weight of the culture medium laid per square meter was 50 kg of culture medium. Each preparation of the culture medium was set up 3 times of planting in repetition. After sowing, the ridge surface was flattened and covered with 2 cm thick soil, water was sprayed to maintain the water content of the soil at about 65%, and then a layer of 10 cm thick rice straw was laid to stabilize the moisture content (see Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 ).

[0095] Planting Example 2

[0096] The same method as in Planting Example 1 was basically used, except that the culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 2 was used instead of the culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 1.

[0097] Planting Example 3

[0098] The same method as in Planting Example 1 was basically used, except that the culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 3 was used instead of the culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 1.

[0099] Planting Example 4

[0100] The same method as in Planting Example 1 was basically used, except that the culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 4 was used instead of the culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 1.

[0101] The results are shown in Table 4, which shows the effects of different formulations and processes of Planting Examples 1 to 4 on the yield and quality of Stropharia rugosoannulata.

[0102] Table 4. Effects of different formulations and processes of Planting Examples 1 to 4 on the yield and quality of Stropharia rugosoannulata.

[0103]

[0104] Table 5. Sensory quality grade index of Stropharia rugosoannulata fruiting body fresh product (DB / T 1310)

[0105]

[0106] Planting Example 5

[0107] This planting example used the culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 1 to plant Disporopsis perfoliata. It was found that Disporopsis perfoliata grew well on this culture medium, indicating that this culture medium was also suitable for planting Disporopsis perfoliata. See Figure 13

[0108] Planting Example 6

[0109] This planting example uses the culture medium prepared in Preparation Example 1 to plant elm yellow mushroom. The results show that elm yellow mushroom grows well on the culture medium, indicating that the culture medium is also suitable for planting elm yellow mushroom (see Figure 14 ).

[0110] As can be seen from Table 4, the yield of the culture medium of Planting Example 4 (conventional fermentation process) was relatively balanced in the early and late stages. Compared with Planting Example 4, the culture medium of Planting Example 3 (conventional fermentation process) had a higher yield in the late stage. It is speculated that the wood was harder in the early stage and the mycelium could not penetrate deep into the wood chips. The culture medium of Preparation Example 2 had a high yield in the early stage, but it was weak in the late stage and the yield dropped significantly. The yield of the culture medium of Preparation Example 1 was balanced, and it had the highest yield in both the early and late stages, as well as the proportion of mushrooms from Grade 1 to Grade 3.

[0111] Judging from the effects of the two processes and two formulas, the 100% sawdust has undergone micro-fermentation, high-temperature fermentation and ventilation and cooling fermentation, the sawdust has become mature and the nutrients have been fully released. The mycelium of the Stropharia rugosa has grown robustly, and the texture of the mushrooms after fruiting is hard and firm.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing peach branch source culture medium, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) reducing the moisture content of the peach branches to below 15% to obtain dried peach branches; (2) crushing the dried peach branches to obtain a crushed material; (3) reducing the water content of the primary crushed material to above 10% to obtain a primary crushed dry material; (4) performing a secondary grinding on the primary pulverized dry material to obtain a pulverized material for fermentation; (5) The fermentation crushed material is subjected to micro-fermentation, high-temperature fermentation and ventilation and cooling fermentation in sequence to obtain the peach branch source culture material.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The micro-fermentation includes a first micro-fermentation, a first compost turning, a second micro-fermentation and a second compost turning.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The first turning of the compost is performed by adding water, and preferably, the amount of water added in the first turning of the compost is 5% to 10% based on the weight of the crushed material for fermentation; and / or The second turning of the compost is done by adding water, and the amount of water added is 20% to 30% based on the weight of the crushed material for fermentation.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The fermentation time of the first micro-fermentation is 65 to 75 days; and / or The fermentation time of the second micro-fermentation is 30 to 35 days.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The high temperature fermentation includes a third turning and a fourth turning; Preferably, the third turning is turning with water, more preferably carried out 30 to 35 days after the second turning is completed and the pile is stacked; and / or the fourth turning is turning with water, more preferably carried out 10 to 15 days after the third turning is completed and the pile is stacked.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The amount of water added during the third and fourth turning of the compost is independently 40% to 45% based on the weight of the crushed material for fermentation.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature of the high-temperature fermentation is 70°C to 80°C.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The ventilation and cooling fermentation includes the step of performing ventilation and cooling on the pile; preferably, the ventilation and cooling fermentation is performed by: punching holes at intervals of 50 cm×50 cm, with a hole diameter of 15 cm to 20 cm; and maintaining the holes for 5 to 7 days.

9. The peach branch source culture material prepared according to the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

10. Use of the peach branch source culture medium according to claim 10 in edible fungus cultivation; preferably, the edible fungi are Stropharia rugosoannulata, Dictyophora indusiata, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Lepistanuda, more preferably Stropharia rugosoannulata.

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