Air column type arched aerosol cultivation facility and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an air column type arched aeroponic facility and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of aeroponication.The aeroponic facility comprises an arched air column, a bottom bed air column is arranged at the bottom end of the arched air column, the bottom end of the left side of the arched air column is in heat seal connection with the left side of the bottom bed air column, and the bottom end of the right side of the arched air column is in heat seal connection with the bottom bed air column. The right bottom end of the arched air column is in heat seal connection with the right side of the bottom bed air column. The arch-shaped air columns and the bottom bed air columns are inflated, so that the arch-shaped air columns expand into arch-shaped structures with supporting force, the bottom bed air columns form a flat bottom face, the arch-shaped air columns and the bottom bed air columns are connected in a heat sealing mode to form an independent aerial fog cultivation space, a traditional heavy frame made of hard materials is replaced, light-weight building is achieved, and planting holes are formed in the outer surfaces of the arch-shaped air columns. Root systems of plants extend into the air columns from the planting holes to grow in a suspended mode, the requirement of'absorbing vaporific nutrient solution in a suspended mode by the root systems' in aerial fog cultivation is met, and dead-corner-free irrigation of the nutrient solution is achieved through the water spraying belts and the holes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of air fog cultivation, in particular to an air column type arched air fog cultivation facility and a construction method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Air fog cultivation (fog cultivation technology) sprays nutrient solution to the roots of plants in the air to meet the needs of crop roots for fertilizer, water and air, and to promote the rapid growth of crops. In the cultivation of suspended roots, support and fixation are needed for plants to create a light-avoiding and relatively closed environment for roots.

[0003] At present, there are various cultivation facilities for different types of crops, such as tower or column type cultivation for leafy vegetables, and channel or pipeline type cultivation for melons, fruits and tomatoes. The materials used include steel frames, extruded sheets, large-diameter PVC pipes, corrugated pipes, hard foam integrated planting channels or extruded sheet planting channels supported by angle steel frames. However, these materials are hard and have the problems of large volume, heaviness, complicated construction process, high investment, etc., which restrict the large-scale and industrialized promotion of air fog cultivation technology. The traditional understanding is that the inflatable structure is insufficient in strength. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an air column type arched air fog cultivation facility and a construction method thereof to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0006] In a first aspect, an air column type arched air fog cultivation facility includes an air fog cultivation facility, which includes an arched air column. The bottom end of the arched air column is provided with a bottom bed air column. The left side bottom end of the arched air column is heat-sealed to the left side of the bottom bed air column. The right side bottom end of the arched air column is heat-sealed to the right side of the bottom bed air column. The non-light-transmitting air column co-extruded film material prevents light from entering the air column interior, avoiding photosynthesis or algae growth of roots. The planting hole is closely attached to the crop stem, further enhancing the airtightness, reducing nutrient solution evaporation and external pollution. The inflated arched air column has a certain expansion pressure and support and fixation capacity, which can meet the needs of crop planting holes. By bending the inflated sheet material into an arch shape, the tensile force formed by the arch shape is used to strengthen the support force, so that the structure has stronger strength and pressure and load bearing capacity after planting crops.

[0007] The right side front end of the bottom gas column is provided with an air charging unit, and the bottom end of the arched gas column is provided with an irrigation unit at the top of the bottom gas column, the air charging unit can form an arched cultivation space with the arched gas column and the bottom gas column, and has tension and support force, and the irrigation unit can uniformly cover the nutrient solution on the root area of the plant, so that the roots can absorb water, nutrients and oxygen at the same time, compared with the traditional irrigation mode, the water and fertilizer utilization rate can be improved, uniform irrigation without dead angle can be realized, and the consistency of crop growth can be ensured.

[0008] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that the air charging unit comprises an air inlet fixedly installed at the right side front end of the bottom gas column, and a one-way valve is fixedly connected to the other end of the air inlet, the one-way valve controls the direction of air flow and prevents backflow of gas.

[0009] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that an exhaust pipe is fixedly installed at the other end of the one-way valve, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly installed inside the front end right side of the bottom gas column, and the model of the one-way valve is DIF-L10H1.

[0010] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that a shunt pipe is fixedly installed inside the top end of the exhaust pipe, and the other end of the shunt pipe is fixedly installed inside the right side front end of the arched gas column.

[0011] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that the irrigation unit comprises a liquid supply pipe laid at the top front end of the bottom gas column, and a water spraying belt is fixedly connected to the other end of the liquid supply pipe, the nutrient solution flows into the water spraying belt through the liquid supply pipe at the top front end of the bottom gas column, the laser-perforated holes on the top of the water spraying belt are uniformly distributed with high-precision hole diameters, so that the nutrient solution forms fine mist droplets under the action of pressure, the size of the laser-perforated holes is accurate, and the roots can efficiently absorb nutrients.

[0012] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that laser-perforated holes are formed on the top of the water spraying belt, a sealing sleeve is arranged at the connection between the water spraying belt and the liquid supply pipe, the water spraying belt is laid at the middle line inside the arch, the symmetry of the arched space is utilized to uniformly diffuse the mist droplets to both sides, cover the root area corresponding to all planting holes inside the arched gas column, and realize irrigation without dead angle.

[0013] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that the arched gas column is fixedly connected with planting holes on the outer surface, one end of the planting hole extends on the outer surface of the arched gas column, and the other end of the planting hole extends at the inner side of the arched gas column, the planting hole on the outer surface of the arched gas column penetrates the membrane inside and outside, and ensures that the roots of the plant can extend from the hole to the inside of the gas column.

[0014] In a second aspect, a construction method of a gas column type arched gas mist cultivation facility is composed of the following steps:

[0015] Step one, material preparation: choose nylon co-extrusion film as the material for making the arched air column, according to the needs of crops, set up planting holes on the film, the non-transparent air column co-extrusion film material can block the light from entering the air column, avoid the growth of algae due to light, and maintain a closed environment to reduce the evaporation of nutrient solution, create a light-proof and high-humidity growth environment for the roots, the arched air column and the bottom air column form a complete cultivation space, the planting hole can fix the plant and ensure that the roots grow from the hole into the air column and fully contact the atomized nutrient solution;

[0016] Step two, heat sealing operation: heat seal the edges of the bottom air column and the arched air column roll material to make the air column completely sealed and firmly connected, ensure that the connection between the bottom air column and the arched air column is completely sealed to avoid air leakage after inflation;

[0017] Step three, inflation preparation: after heat sealing, inflate the arched air column and the bottom air column respectively, inflation makes the air column facility have the required supporting strength, the inflated arched air column can stably maintain the arched structure, the bottom air column forms a flat bottom surface, replacing the traditional seedbed, and is isolated from the soil to avoid root pollution, the arched air column and the bottom air column are quickly formed after inflation, without complex construction process, and can be deflated for storage after harvesting, facilitating transportation and reuse, and reducing facility cost;

[0018] Step four, equipment installation: lay the laser-perforated water spray belt in the arched air column, then plant the crops, the evenly distributed holes make the nutrient solution cover all the root areas corresponding to the planting holes after atomization, ensuring uniform supply of water, fertilizer and air, and avoiding irrigation dead angles.

[0019] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present application has the following technical progress compared with the prior art:

[0020] 1. The present application provides a kind of air column type arched air mist cultivation facility and its construction method, by being inflated to arched air column and bottom air column, the arched air column after inflation has certain expansion pressure and supporting fixed ability, can meet the demand of crop planting hole, by bending the inflated sheet material into arched shape, the tension formed by the arch is used to strengthen the supporting force, so that it has stronger structural strength and pressure and load bearing after planting crops, the bottom air column forms a flat bottom surface, and after heat sealing connection, it forms an independent air mist cultivation space, replacing the heavy frame of traditional hard material, and realizing lightweight construction.

[0021] 2. The present application provides a kind of air column type arched air mist cultivation facility and its construction method, by setting up planting holes on the outer surface of the arched air column, the roots grow from the planting hole into the air column and hang in the air, meeting the demand of air mist cultivation "roots hanging absorption of misty nutrient solution", the planting hole is closely combined with the stem of the crop, further enhancing the airtightness, reducing the evaporation of nutrient solution and external pollution.

[0022] 3. The present application provides a kind of gas column type arched gas mist cultivation facilities and its construction method, by setting up liquid supply pipe and water spray belt, nutrient solution is combined with the eye of laser drilling to atomize into mist drop, evenly cover root system area, so that root system simultaneously absorbs moisture, nutrient and oxygen, compared with traditional irrigation mode, can improve water and fertilizer utilization rate, realize uniform irrigation without dead angle, water spray belt is laid in the middle line of arch, utilize the symmetry of arched space to make mist drop spread to both sides, cover the root system corresponding to all planting holes, avoid local drought or uneven nutrient, ensure crop growth consistency.

[0023] 4. Light weight: facility weight≤3kg / m 2 , transportation cost is reduced by 70%; erection efficiency: 1 person can complete 100m 2 facility erection in 30 minutes; service life: ≥5 years for outdoor use.

[0024] 5. In traditional cognition, the strength of inflatable structure is insufficient, the present application solves the problem of bearing capacity by arch tension design (arch height span ratio 1:2-1:3). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is the arched gas column structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is the bottom bed gas column structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 It is the Figure 3 A enlarged structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 It is the Figure 3 B enlarged structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 It is the flow chart of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 It is the elevation front view of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 It is the effect drawing of the present application;

[0033] In the figure: 1, gas mist cultivation facility; 2, arched gas column; 3, bottom bed gas column; 31, liquid supply pipe; 32, water spray belt; 33, laser drilling eye; 34, sealing sleeve; 35, air inlet; 36, one-way valve; 37, exhaust pipe; 38, shunt pipe; 4, planting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application will be further described in detail in combination with examples:

[0035] The application provides an air column type arched air fog cultivation facility, comprising an air fog cultivation facility 1, the air fog cultivation facility comprising an arched air column 2 and a bottom bed air column 3, the bottom end of the arched air column 2 being connected with the bottom bed air column 3 through heat sealing, and the arched air column 2 and the bottom bed air column 3 being made of a three-layer co-extrusion nylon film, the inner layer being a anti-droplet layer, the middle layer being a light shielding layer, and the outer layer being an ultraviolet resistant layer; a planting hole is formed on the outer surface of the arched air column, and an elastic sealing ring is arranged at the edge of the planting hole, the inner diameter of the sealing ring being less than or equal to 0.5 mm; the bottom bed air column is provided with an air charging unit, and the bottom end of the arched air column 2 is provided with an irrigation unit at the top of the bottom bed air column 3.

[0036] The inner anti-droplet layer of the three-layer co-extrusion nylon film is made of a hydrophilic nylon material, and has a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, so that a uniform water film is formed on the inner wall of the air column, the condensation of droplets into large water droplets is prevented, and the root system is prevented from being damaged; the middle light shielding layer is made of a light-proof nylon material, and has a thickness of 0.3-0.4 mm, so that the light is effectively blocked from entering the inside of the air column, and the photosynthesis of the root system or the breeding of algae is prevented; the outer ultraviolet resistant layer is made of a nylon material added with an ultraviolet absorber, and has a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, so that the damage of external ultraviolet rays to the air column material is prevented, and the service life of the air column is prolonged to more than 5 years for outdoor use.

[0037] The arched air column 2 is naturally curved and drummed to an arched structure with a predetermined arch height and bottom width after being inflated, and the ratio of the arch height to the span is 1:2-1:3, so as to ensure the structural stability; the bottom bed air column 3 is flat-bottomed after being inflated and is separated from the soil, and has a thickness of more than or equal to 0.5 mm, so as to be able to bear the weight of the plants after planting and the pressure generated in the irrigation process, and the separation effect between the bottom bed air column 3 and the soil is good, so as to effectively prevent the pollution of the root system by pests and diseases and miscellaneous bacteria in the soil.

[0038] The air charging unit comprises an air inlet 35 fixedly installed at the right front end of the bottom bed air column 3, one end of the air inlet is fixedly connected with a one-way valve 36, the other end of the one-way valve 36 is fixedly installed with an exhaust pipe 37, the other end of the exhaust pipe 37 is fixedly installed in the inside of the front end of the right side of the bottom bed air column, the diameter of the exhaust pipe 37 is 15-20 mm, the branch pipe has a Y-shaped distribution, and the included angle of the branch pipe is 60-90°, so as to ensure the uniform distribution of the gas; the top end of the exhaust pipe 37 is fixedly installed with a shunt pipe, and the other end of the shunt pipe is fixedly installed in the inside of the right front end of the arched air column. During inflation, the gas enters the exhaust pipe 37 through the air inlet and the one-way valve 36, and is then uniformly distributed to the inside of the arched air column through the shunt pipe, so that the arched air column and the bottom bed air column are inflated synchronously, an arched structure with supporting force and a flat bottom surface are formed, the inflation pressure range is 0.05-0.1 MPa, and when the inflation pressure is 0.08 MPa, the bearing capacity is more than or equal to 50 kg / m2 .

[0039] The irrigation unit comprises a liquid supply pipe 31 laid at the top of the bottom bed air column at the front end, and a water spraying belt 32 fixedly connected to the other end of the liquid supply pipe 31; the working pressure of the water spraying belt 32 is 0.1-0.2 MPa, laser punching holes are formed at the top of the water spraying belt 32, the hole density is 20-30 per meter, the hole diameter is 0.3-0.5 mm, the hole distance is 5-10 cm, the atomization coverage range is ≥80% of the internal space of the air column, the atomization particle diameter is 50-100 μm, and the root system can efficiently absorb nutrients and will not be caused by the too large mist droplets to cause root system hypoxia or too small to cause evaporation waste; a sealing sleeve is sleeved at the connection position of the water spraying belt 32 and the liquid supply pipe 31, and the water spraying belt 32 is laid at the center line of the arch, so that the mist droplets are uniformly diffused to both sides by the symmetry of the arch space, the root system area corresponding to all the planting holes in the internal space of the arched air column is covered, and no dead angle irrigation is realized.

[0040] In a second aspect, the present application provides a construction method of the air column type arched air fog cultivation facility, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step one, material preparation: nylon co-extrusion film is selected as the material for making the arched air column 2, planting holes 21 are formed on the film according to the crop demand, the diameter of the planting holes 21 is 20-30 mm, the edge is treated by a hot melting flanging process, and a food-grade silica gel material elastic sealing ring is arranged, and the inner diameter of the sealing ring and the gap between the crop stems are ≤0.5 mm;

[0042] Step two, heat sealing operation: the bottom bed air column 3 and the coiled material edge of the cultivation arched air column 2 are subjected to heat sealing operation, the heat sealing edge width is ≥10 mm, a double heat sealing process is adopted, the heat sealing temperature is controlled in the range of 180-200 ℃, the heat sealing pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa, and the heat sealing speed is 4-6 m / min, so that the air column is completely sealed and firmly connected, the connection position of the bottom bed air column 3 and the arched air column 2 is completely sealed, and air leakage after inflation is avoided;

[0043] Step three, inflation preparation: after the heat sealing is completed, the arched air column 2 and the bottom bed air column 3 are respectively inflated, the inflation pressure ranges from 0.05 MPa to 0.1 MPa, when the inflation pressure is 0.08 MPa, the arched air column 2 can stably maintain the arched structure, the ratio of the arch height to the span is 1:2-1:3, the structural stability is ensured, the bottom bed air column 3 forms a flat bottom surface, replaces the traditional seedbed, is isolated from the soil at the same time, root system pollution is avoided, the arched air column 2 and the bottom bed air column 3 are quickly formed after inflation, no complex construction process is needed, the arched air column 2 can be deflated and stored after harvesting, transportation and repeated use are facilitated, and the facility cost is reduced;

[0044] Step 4: Install equipment: Lay a laser-perforated water spray belt 32 in the arched air column. The holes of the water spray belt 32 are evenly distributed so that the nutrient solution can be atomized to cover the root areas corresponding to all planting holes, ensuring uniform supply of water, fertilizer and air and avoiding dead corners of irrigation. Then, crops can be planted.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides an air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility, comprising an aeroponic cultivation facility 1, the aeroponic cultivation facility 1 comprising an arched air column 2, a bottom bed air column 3 being arranged at the bottom end of the arched air column 2, the left bottom end of the arched air column 2 being heat-sealed to the left side of the bottom bed air column 3, the right bottom end of the arched air column 2 being heat-sealed to the right side of the bottom bed air column 3, an inflation unit being arranged at the right front end of the bottom bed air column 3, the bottom end of the arched air column 2 being located at the top of the bottom bed air column 3 and an irrigation unit being arranged.

[0047] Furthermore, the tension formed by the arched air column 2 strengthens the supporting force, making it have stronger structural strength and pressure-bearing capacity after planting crops. The bottom bed air column 3 forms a flat bottom surface. The two are heat-sealed to form an independent aeroponic cultivation space, replacing the bulky frame of traditional hard materials to achieve lightweight construction.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figures 1-6 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the inflation unit includes an air inlet 35 fixedly installed at the front end of the right side of the bottom bed air column 3, a one-way valve 36 is fixedly connected to the other end of the air inlet 35, an exhaust pipe 37 is fixedly installed on the other end of the one-way valve 36, the other end of the exhaust pipe 37 is fixedly installed inside the right side of the front end of the bottom bed air column 3, a diverter pipe 38 is fixedly installed inside the top end of the exhaust pipe 37, and the other end of the diverter pipe 38 is fixedly installed inside the bottom end of the right side of the arched air column 2.

[0050] Furthermore, the air inlet 35 at the front right side of the bottom bed air column 2 is connected through the external inflation setting, and the air flow direction is controlled by the one-way valve 36 to prevent gas backflow. The gas enters the bottom bed air column 3 through the exhaust pipe 37, and then is evenly diverted to the inside of the arched air column 2 through the diverter pipe 38 at the top. The design of the diverter pipe 38 enables the gas to be filled into the bottom bed air column 3 and the arched air column 2 at the same time, ensuring that the two expand synchronously. After inflation, the arched air column 2 forms an arch structure due to the internal air pressure, and uses the arch tension to enhance the supporting force, which can withstand the weight of the crops after planting. The bottom bed air column 3 expands to a flat bottom surface, which is separated from the soil to form an independent cultivation space.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] like Figures 1-6As shown, on the basis of Examples 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the irrigation unit includes a liquid supply pipe 31 laid at the front end of the top of the bottom bed air column 3, and a water spray belt 32 is fixedly connected to the other end of the liquid supply pipe 31. The top of the water spray belt 32 is provided with a laser-punched hole 33, and a sealing sleeve 34 is provided at the connection between the water spray belt 32 and the liquid supply pipe 31. A planting hole 21 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the arched air column 2, one end of the planting hole 21 extends on the outer surface of the arched air column 2, and the other end of the planting hole 21 extends to the inner side of the arched air column 2.

[0053] Furthermore, after planting, the nutrient solution flows into the spray belt 32 through the liquid supply pipe 31 at the front end of the top of the bottom bed air column 3. The laser-punched holes 33 on the top of the spray belt 32 are evenly distributed with high-precision apertures, so that the nutrient solution forms fine droplets under pressure, ensuring that the roots can efficiently absorb nutrients, while avoiding droplets that are too large to cause root hypoxia or too small to cause evaporation waste. The spray belt 32 is laid at the center line of the arch, and the symmetry of the arch space is used to make the droplets spread evenly to both sides, covering the root areas corresponding to all planting holes 21 inside the arch air column, realizing dead-angle irrigation.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Parameter specificity and novelty

[0056] 1.Material properties

[0057] Nylon co-extrusion film parameters: clarify the physical properties of the film material (tensile strength ≥15MPa, tear strength ≥8N / mm), light transmittance (≤5%, blocking ultraviolet rays to prevent algae growth), and weather resistance (no brittleness in an environment of -30℃ to 70℃).

[0058] Planting hole design: increased size specifications (20-30mm in diameter, suitable for different crop stems), edge treatment technology (hot-melt flanging to prevent tearing, sealing ring material is food-grade silicone).

[0059] 2. Aeration and irrigation system optimization

[0060] Inflation pressure parameters: limit the optimal inflation pressure range (0.05-0.1MPa), such as 0.08MPa can bear a load of 50kg / m 2 .

[0061] Water spray belt atomization effect: Supplement laser drilling parameters (aperture 0.3-0.5mm, hole distance 5-10cm), atomization particle diameter (50-100μm, to ensure root absorption efficiency).

[0062] 3. New functional design

[0063] Anti-condensation structure: A breathable film layer (such as polyethylene microporous film) is added to the inner wall of the arched air column to prevent condensation water from dripping and damaging the root system.

[0064] Temperature control: Heating / cooling pipes (10mm diameter, 30cm spacing) are embedded in the bottom bed air column and used in conjunction with the temperature control system to maintain the root zone temperature at 20-25°C.

[0065] Enhanced sealing: Heat-sealing edge width ≥10mm, using double-pass heat-sealing process (temperature 180-200℃, pressure 0.2MPa, speed 5m / min).

[0066] Comparison with existing technologies:

[0067]

[0068] |The root system is susceptible to light pollution|The shading film blocks light, and the algae breeding rate is ≤5%|

[0069] Example 5

[0070] like Figures 1-6 As shown, based on Examples 1-4, the present invention also provides a method for constructing an air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility, which comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step 1. Material preparation: Choose nylon co-extruded film as the material for the arched air column 2, and open planting holes 21 on the film according to crop needs. The opaque air column co-extruded film material can block light from entering the air column, preventing the roots from breeding algae due to light. At the same time, it maintains a closed environment to reduce evaporation of nutrient solution, creating a light-proof and high-humidity growth condition for the roots. A complete cultivation space is formed between the arched air column 2 and the bottom bed air column 3. The planting holes 21 can not only fix the plants, but also ensure that the roots can extend from the holes to the inside of the air column and fully contact the atomized nutrient solution.

[0072] Step 2: Heat-sealing operation: Heat-seal the bottom bed air column 3 and the coiled material edge of the cultivation arch air column 2 to make the air column completely sealed and firmly connected. Ensure that the connection between the bottom bed air column 3 and the arch air column 2 is completely sealed to avoid air leakage after inflation.

[0073] Step 3: Inflation preparation: After heat sealing, the arched air column 2 and the bottom bed air column 3 are inflated separately. Inflation enables the air column facility to have the required support strength. The inflated arched air column 2 can stably maintain the arched structure, and the bottom bed air column 3 forms a flat bottom surface, replacing the traditional seedbed. At the same time, it is isolated from the soil to avoid root contamination. After inflation, the arched air column 2 and the bottom bed air column 3 are quickly formed without the need for complex construction procedures. After harvest, they can be deflated and stored, which is convenient for transportation and reuse, reducing facility costs.

[0074] Step 4: Install equipment: Lay the laser-perforated water spray belt 32 in the arched air column 2, and then you can plant the crops. The holes are evenly distributed so that the atomized nutrient solution covers the root areas corresponding to all planting holes, ensuring a uniform supply of water, fertilizer and air and avoiding dead corners in irrigation.

[0075] The following specifically describes the working principle of the air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility and its construction method.

[0076] like Figures 1-6 As shown, when in use, the air inlet 35 on the right front end of the bottom bed air column 2 is connected through the external inflation setting, and the air flow direction is controlled by the one-way valve 36 to prevent gas backflow. The gas enters the bottom bed air column 3 through the exhaust pipe 37, and then is evenly diverted to the inside of the arched air column 2 through the diverter pipe 38 at the top. The design of the diverter pipe 38 allows the gas to be filled into the bottom bed air column 3 and the arched air column 2 at the same time, ensuring that the two expand synchronously. After inflation, the arched air column 2 forms an arch structure due to the internal air pressure, and uses the arch tension to enhance the supporting force, which can withstand the weight of the crops after planting. The bottom bed air column 3 expands to a flat bottom surface, which is consistent with the bottom bed air column 3. The soil is separated to form an independent cultivation space. After planting, the nutrient solution flows into the spray belt 32 through the liquid supply pipe 31 at the front end of the top of the bottom bed air column 3. The laser-punched holes 33 on the top of the spray belt 32 are evenly distributed with high-precision apertures, so that the nutrient solution forms fine droplets under pressure to ensure that the roots can absorb nutrients efficiently, while avoiding excessive droplets causing root hypoxia or too small droplets causing evaporation waste. The spray belt 32 is laid at the center line of the arch, and the symmetry of the arch space is used to make the droplets spread evenly to both sides, covering the root areas corresponding to all planting holes 21 inside the arch air column, realizing dead-angle irrigation.

[0077] Practice 1 uses the air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility of the present invention to grow lettuce. The arched air column has an arch height of 0.8m and a span of 2m. The width of the bottom bed air column is 2.2m and the thickness is 0.6mm. The arched air column and the bottom bed air column are made of three-layer co-extruded nylon film, the inner anti-fog layer has a thickness of 0.25mm, the middle light-shielding layer has a thickness of 0.35mm, and the outer anti-ultraviolet layer has a thickness of 0.25mm. The planting hole diameter is 25mm, the spacing is 20cm, and the gap between the inner diameter of the elastic sealing ring and the lettuce stem is 0.3mm. The air inlet diameter of the inflation unit is 20mm, the exhaust pipe diameter is 15mm, the branch pipe angle of the diversion pipe is 75°, and the inflation pressure is 0.08MPa. The diameter of the liquid supply pipe of the irrigation unit is 25 mm, the thickness of the water spray belt is 0.3 mm, the working pressure is 0.15 MPa, the laser drilling density is 25 holes / m, the hole diameter is 0.4 mm, the hole spacing is 7.5 cm, and the diameter of the atomized particles is 75 μm.

[0078] The planting results show that the average daily growth of the lettuce is 2.3 g / plant, which is 30% higher than that of traditional tank cultivation, and the water and fertilizer utilization rate is increased by 40%. At the same time, the weight of the air fog cultivation facility is ≤3 kg / m 2 , the transportation cost is reduced by 70%, and 1 person can complete 100 m 2 facility construction in 30 minutes.

[0079] Practice 2 uses the air column type arched air fog cultivation facility of the application to plant tomatoes. The arch height of the arched air column is 2.5 m, the span is 5 m, the width of the bottom bed air column is 5.5 m, and the thickness is 0.8 mm. The thickness of each layer of the three-layer co-extruded nylon film is 0.3 mm for the inner layer, 0.4 mm for the middle layer, and 0.3 mm for the outer layer. The planting hole diameter is 30 mm, the spacing is 30 cm, the inner diameter of the elastic sealing ring and the gap between the tomato stems are 0.4 mm. The air inlet diameter of the air charging unit is 25 mm, the exhaust pipe diameter is 20 mm, the branch pipe included angle of the shunt pipe is 90°, and the air charging pressure is 0.1 MPa. The liquid supply pipe diameter of the irrigation unit is 32 mm, the water spraying belt thickness is 0.35 mm, the working pressure is 0.2 MPa, the laser perforation hole density is 30 / m, the hole diameter is 0.5 mm, the hole spacing is 10 cm, and the atomization particle diameter is 100 μm.

[0080] The tomato planting results show that the single plant load can reach 5 kg, the soluble solid content of the fruit is 10.5%, which is 15% higher than that of traditional pipe cultivation, and the construction cost is reduced by 60%.

[0081] The above general description of the application is detailed, but some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the application, which is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the modifications or improvements without departing from the spirit of the application are within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. An air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility, comprising an aeroponic cultivation facility (1), characterized in that: The aeroponic cultivation facility (1) comprises an arched air column (2), a bottom bed air column (3) is provided at the bottom end of the arched air column (2), the left bottom end of the arched air column (2) is thermally connected to the left side of the bottom bed air column (3), and the right bottom end of the arched air column (2) is thermally connected to the right side of the bottom bed air column (3); The arched air column (2) and the bottom bed air column (3) are made of three-layer co-extruded nylon film, the inner layer is an anti-fog layer, the middle layer is a light-shielding layer, and the outer layer is an anti-ultraviolet layer; an elastic sealing ring is provided at the edge of the planting hole, and the gap between the inner diameter of the sealing ring and the crop stem is ≤0.5mm; An air charging unit is provided at the front end of the right side of the bottom bed air column (3); an irrigation unit is provided at the bottom end of the arched air column (2) located at the top of the bottom bed air column (3); The arched air column (2) naturally bends and bulges into an arched structure with a predetermined arch height and bottom width after being inflated, and the bottom bed air column (3) becomes flat-bottomed and isolated from the soil after being inflated.

2. The air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflation unit comprises an air inlet (35) fixedly mounted at the front end of the right side of the bottom bed air column (3), and a one-way valve (36) is fixedly connected to the other end of the air inlet (35).

3. The air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility according to claim 2, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe (37) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the one-way valve (36), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (37) is fixedly mounted inside the right front end of the bottom bed gas column (3); the exhaust pipe has a diameter of 15-20 mm, and the diversion pipe is distributed in a Y shape, with a branch pipe angle of 60-90 degrees to ensure uniform gas diversion.

4. The air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility according to claim 3, characterized in that: A diverter pipe (38) is fixedly mounted inside the top end of the exhaust pipe (37), and the other end of the diverter pipe (38) is fixedly mounted inside the right front end of the arched air column (2).

5. The air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation unit comprises a liquid supply pipe (31) laid at the front end of the top of the bottom bed air column (3), and a water spray belt (32) is fixedly connected to the other end of the liquid supply pipe (31); the working pressure of the water spray belt is 0.1-0.2MPa, the laser punching hole density is 20-30 per m, and the atomization coverage range is ≥80% of the internal space of the air column.

6. The air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility according to claim 5, characterized in that: A laser-punched hole (33) is provided on the top of the water spray belt (32), and a sealing sleeve (34) is provided at the connection between the water spray belt (32) and the liquid supply pipe (31).

7. The air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: A planting hole (21) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the arched air column (2), one end of the planting hole (21) extends on the outer surface of the arched air column (2), and the other end of the planting hole (21) extends on the inner side surface of the arched air column (2).

8. The method for constructing an air column arched aeroponic cultivation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Material preparation: Select nylon co-extruded film to make the arched air column (2), and open planting holes (21) on the film according to crop needs; Step 2: Heat-sealing operation: heat-sealing the coiled edges of the bottom bed air column (3) and the cultivation arch air column (2) to ensure that the air columns are completely sealed and firmly connected; During the heat sealing operation, the heat sealing temperature is controlled at 180-200℃, the heat sealing pressure is 0.2-0.3MPa, and the heat sealing speed is 4-6m / min. After inflation, the arch height to span ratio of the arched air column is 1:2-1:3 to ensure structural stability. Step 3, inflation preparation: After heat sealing is completed, the arched air column (2) and the bottom bed air column (3) are inflated respectively, and the inflation makes the air column facilities have the required support strength. After inflation, the arched air column (2) can stably maintain the arched structure, and the bottom bed air column (3) forms a flat bottom surface; Step 4: Install equipment: Lay a laser-perforated water spray belt (32) inside the arched air column (2), and then plant crops.

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