High-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of worm gear tooth groove machining, in particular to a high-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining, which comprises a lathe body, a sliding cover is arranged on one side of the lathe body, and a control panel is arranged on the other side of the lathe body; the device comprises a machine tool body, a workpiece clamping mechanism arranged on one side of the interior of the machine tool body, a tooth groove machining mechanism arranged on the other side of the interior of the machine tool body, a pre-cutting micro-disturbance assembly arranged at the front end of one side of the tooth groove machining mechanism, and a couple damping assembly arranged at the front end of the other side of the tooth groove machining mechanism. The couple damping assembly is arranged on one side of the tooth groove machining mechanism. Compared with the prior art, by arranging the force coupling damping assembly, while the workpiece posture and the chip flow stability are kept, the initial meshing success rate is increased, the service life of the cutting edge is prolonged, the steady-state cutting time is shortened, and the tooth profile precision and the machining consistency are overall improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the worm gear tooth groove machining technical field, in particular to a high-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] Worm gear tooth groove machining is an important link of precise tooth surface manufacturing, and the geometric precision and surface quality and machining consistency thereof are directly related to transmission efficiency, noise and service life. The existing numerical control special lathe (including hobbing structure) usually realizes tooth groove cutting through the combination of a high-rigidity body, double-guide rail linear feeding and electric spindle / reduction drive. The process includes workpiece clamping, idle stroke positioning, cutting starting, stable cutting and tool retracting stages, and the 'cutting starting window' is a key moment affecting the quality.

[0003] In the prior art, the Chinese patent document with the announcement number CN117047200B discloses a worm gear tooth groove machining lathe, wherein a hobbing assembly is connected with a hobbing cylinder through eccentric connection outside a central shaft, the hobbing cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a connecting piece, the position of the hobbing cylinder can be accurately adjusted through first and second limiting nuts, the eccentricity of the hobbing cylinder is automatically increased through the elastic force of a compression spring during the machining of the worm gear tooth groove from shallow to deep, the purpose of automatic adjustment of the hobbing cylinder is achieved, and the machining efficiency is improved. However, the same as the traditional method, since there is a static friction peak when the cutting edge first contacts, the workpiece surface layer may be covered with a pollution film / oxidation layer and micro burrs, and in addition, the instantaneous radial force is unbalanced, the machine tool is prone to phenomena such as biting, screaming and vibration; the cutting force is difficult to obtain effective phase and amplitude management within the transmission chain, and is more in the form of exposed excitation acting on the bed and the guide rail, so that the forced vibration and noise are increased, the first circle engagement is unstable, the chip flow is disordered, surface scratches, chip core tumors are generated and the cutting tool is early worn. After the cutting starts, if the motion relationship and the stress state cannot be adjusted adaptively with the working condition, the risk of continuous pressing or interference may still occur during the tooth groove deepening stage, thereby affecting the subsequent surface quality and machining consistency. Therefore, the application discloses a high-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the application aims to provide a high-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining, so as to solve the problems that the static friction peak and the surface layer pollution / burrs are superimposed on the unbalanced radial force during the cutting starting, the cutting force is exposed to excite the bed and the guide rail, biting, vibration and surface defects are caused, and if the motion and stress cannot be adaptively adjusted after the cutting starts, the tooth groove deepening stage is prone to continuous pressing or interference, and the subsequent quality and consistency are damaged.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a high-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining, which comprises a machine tool body, a sliding cover is arranged on one side of the machine tool body, and a control panel is arranged on the other side of the machine tool body. The workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on one side of the inside of the machine tool body, and comprises a rotating table arranged on one side of the inside of the machine tool body. The top surface of the rotating table is provided with a bottom fixing seat. The bottom fixing seat clamps a worm gear workpiece. One side of the machine tool body is provided with a top fixing seat for assisting the clamping and positioning of the worm gear workpiece. The tooth groove machining mechanism is arranged on the other side of the inside of the machine tool body, and is used for tooth groove machining of the positioned worm gear workpiece. The pre-cutting micro-disturbance assembly is arranged on one side of the front end of the tooth groove machining mechanism, and is used for assisting the cutter blade in the tooth groove machining mechanism to easily bite into the material. The force couple vibration damping assembly is arranged on one side of the tooth groove machining mechanism and moves in the opposite direction of the tooth groove machining mechanism. The force couple vibration damping assembly is used to offset the radial force of the tooth groove machining mechanism when cutting the worm gear workpiece.

[0006] Preferably, the tooth groove machining mechanism comprises a mounting frame fixedly installed on one side of the machine tool body. The mounting frame is provided with sliding rails on both sides of one surface close to the worm gear workpiece. A main sliding frame is slidably installed on the two sliding rails. A driving rod is arranged on one side of the top of the main sliding frame. The driving rod is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the hydraulic system on the top of the inside of the machine tool body, and is used to drive the main sliding frame to move up and down on the sliding rails. A sliding sleeve is arranged on one side of the main sliding frame. A sliding plate is slidably installed in the sliding sleeve. A rotating motor is arranged on one side of the sliding sleeve and is used to drive the sliding plate to slide in the sliding sleeve. A reduction motor is arranged on one side of the sliding plate. A hobbing cutter is nestedly installed on the output end of the reduction motor. The hobbing cutter is detachably replaced and is used to match the tooth groove machining of different worm gear workpieces.

[0007] Preferably, the hobbing cutter is detachably replaced and is used to match the tooth groove machining of different worm gear workpieces.

[0008] Preferably, the pre-cutting micro-disturbance assembly comprises a receiving sleeve arranged on the other side of the sliding plate. The receiving sleeve is used to position the other end of the hobbing cutter. A harmonic motor is arranged on one side of the receiving sleeve. An eccentric block is arranged on the output end of the harmonic motor and is used to drive the receiving sleeve to rotate and drive the receiving sleeve to pre-vibrate the hobbing cutter.

[0009] Preferably, the force couple damping assembly comprises an auxiliary frame slidingly mounted on the two slide rails, one side of the auxiliary frame is provided with a damping cutter, the mounting frame is provided with a positioning plate close to one side of the slide rail, the middle part of the positioning plate is provided with a sliding groove, a sliding block is slidingly mounted in the sliding groove, a rotating column is rotatably mounted in the sliding block, a reversing drive wheel is arranged on the rotating column, a first connecting rod is rotatably mounted on one side of the reversing drive wheel, the other side of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with one side of the main slide frame, a second connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the other side of the reversing drive wheel, the other side of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected with the auxiliary frame, when the main slide frame is driven downward by the hydraulic system, the first connecting rod is pushed to drive the reversing drive wheel to rotate, the reversing drive wheel drives the second connecting rod to drive the auxiliary frame to move in the opposite direction, and the damping cutter is made of hard alloy.

[0010] Preferably, in the initial state, when the main slide frame drives the hobbing cutter to contact the worm gear workpiece, the auxiliary frame synchronously drives the damping cutter to contact the other side of the worm gear workpiece, the outer surface of the damping cutter can be smooth or have the same blade shape as the hobbing cutter, and the blade position is in an unsharpened state, and the auxiliary frame can be in a rotation state or a driving motor for driving the damping cutter to actively rotate is arranged on the auxiliary frame.

[0011] Preferably, one side of the positioning plate is also provided with an arc-shaped groove, one side of the arc-shaped groove is communicated with the sliding groove, one side of the reversing drive wheel is provided with an extension block, one side of the extension block is provided with a limiting block, and the limiting block is slidingly mounted in the arc-shaped groove.

[0012] Preferably, the opening arc of the arc-shaped groove is consistent with the rotating arc of the reversing drive wheel, when the main slide frame continuously feeds downward, the reversing drive wheel is driven to rotate by the first connecting rod, and the limiting block is synchronously rotated to the inside of the sliding groove by following the rotation of the reversing drive wheel in the arc-shaped groove.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the sliding groove is provided with a reset spring, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected with one side of the sliding block.

[0014] Preferably, a torsional spring is arranged at the rotating connection between the sliding block and the rotating column, and the torsional spring is used to drive the reversing drive wheel and the limiting block to reset after the main slide frame is reset upward.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. The high-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining, through the setting of the force couple damping component, the use of the reverse mechanism composed of the first and second connecting rods and the reversing drive wheel makes the main cutter and the damping cutter "pop out at the same time and in opposite directions" in the cutting window, forming an equal amplitude and opposite phase force couple, the main cutting force F1 and the damping counterforce F2 are equivalent and offset on the machine tool structure, significantly reducing the exposed excitation and guide rail forced vibration, suppressing the cutting chatter, biting and screaming peaks; the damping cutter adopts hard alloy, the surface can be smooth rolling surface or uncut blade isomorphic contour, and the relative rolling is realized by passive / active autorotation, which reduces friction and heat accumulation and avoids scratching the functional surface; while maintaining the stability of the workpiece posture and chip flow, the initial engagement success rate and tool life are improved, the time to enter the steady state cutting is shortened, and the overall tooth profile accuracy and machining consistency are improved.

[0016] 2. The high-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining, through the setting of the arc-shaped groove, the reversing drive wheel, the extension block and the limit block cooperating with the sliding groove, through the equal arc cooperation of the arc-shaped groove and the reversing drive wheel, the limit block is accurately driven by the extension block to enter the sliding groove connected thereto at a set angle, realizing the geometric programmable switching from "reverse rotation output" to "linear co-directional retreat"; before switching, the main cutter and the damping cutter are ensured to be synchronized and equal amplitude and opposite phase "popped out", forming F1 / F2 force couple effective offset polarization, reducing the cutting chatter and biting; after switching, the sliding groove is guided and the return spring bears the whole plate down, the auxiliary frame is no longer continuously jacked up, only a small preload is reserved to prevent interference and surface bruising; the torsional spring provides angular return to realize closed-loop reset, ensuring stable reproduction of the "reverse phase→decoupling" sequence in each cycle, improving the cutting success rate, machining consistency and mechanism safety redundancy.

[0017] 3. The high-precision numerical control special lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining, through the setting of the pre-cutting micro-disturbance component, the eccentric block directly acts on the receiving sleeve driven by the resonant motor, the vibration transmission path is very short and the coupling efficiency is high, under the condition of 500-1000 Hz and micron level amplitude, the controllable "dynamic micro-disturbance" is applied to the hobbing cutter roll in the short cutting window, the frequency is swept first and then stabilized, the static friction threshold is broken at the moment of contact, the pollution film and micro burrs are removed, the accumulation of the tool and the probability of biting are reduced, the initial engagement success rate is significantly improved and the time to enter the steady state is shortened; the vibration and the main transmission are decoupled, the parameters avoid the natural frequency of the machine tool, the torque / AE / vibration threshold is triggered, the cutting is gradually stopped at 0.2-0.3 mm, and the main shaft and the guide rail are not amplified, which takes into account the machining surface quality, tool life and overall stability of the machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the following embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only a part of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the tooth groove machining mechanism structure of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the tooth groove machining mechanism structure of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the plane structure of the tooth groove machining mechanism of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the force couple vibration damping assembly structure of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the force couple vibration damping assembly of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the plane structure of the force couple vibration damping assembly of the present application; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the running state of the force couple vibration damping assembly of the present application; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the reversing drive wheel and the return spring of the present application; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the torsion spring of the present application.

[0020] 1, machine tool body; 2, sliding cover; 3, control panel; 4, rotating table; 5, bottom fixed seat; 6, worm workpiece; 7, top fixed seat; 8, mounting bracket; 9, sliding rail; 10, driving rod; 11, main slide; 12, sliding sleeve; 13, sliding plate; 14, rotating motor; 15, speed reducer motor; 16, gear hobbing roller; 17, resonant motor; 18, receiving sleeve; 19, auxiliary bracket; 20, damping cutter; 21, positioning plate; 22, sliding groove; 23, reversing drive wheel; 24, first connecting rod; 25, second connecting rod; 26, sliding block; 27, rotating column; 28, torsion spring; 29, return spring; 30, arc-shaped groove; 31, extension block; 32, limiting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0022] ​It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a high-precision CNC special lathe for worm gear tooth groove processing includes a machine tool body 1, a sliding cover 2 is provided on one side of the machine tool body 1, and a control panel 3 is provided on the other side of the machine tool body 1; a workpiece clamping mechanism, the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on one side of the interior of the machine tool body 1, the workpiece clamping mechanism includes a rotating table 4 arranged on one side of the interior of the machine tool body 1, the top surface of the rotating table 4 is provided with a bottom fixed seat 5, the bottom fixed seat 5 clamps a worm gear workpiece 6, and a top fixed seat 7 is provided on one side of the machine tool body 1, and the top fixed seat 7 is used to assist the worm gear workpiece 6 in clamping and positioning; a tooth groove processing mechanism, the tooth groove processing mechanism is arranged on the other side of the interior of the machine tool body 1, and the tooth groove processing mechanism is used to perform tooth groove processing on the positioned worm gear workpiece 6; a pre-cutting micro-disturbance component, the pre-cutting micro-disturbance component is arranged at the front end of one side of the tooth groove processing mechanism, and the pre-cutting micro-disturbance component is used to assist the tool blade in the tooth groove processing mechanism to bite into the material more easily; a force couple vibration elimination component, the force couple vibration elimination component is arranged at the tooth groove processing mechanism On one side, it moves in the opposite direction to the tooth groove processing mechanism, and the couple vibration elimination assembly is used to offset the radial force of the tooth groove processing mechanism when cutting the worm gear workpiece 6, wherein the tooth groove processing mechanism includes a mounting frame 8 fixedly mounted on one side of the machine tool body 1, and slide rails 9 are provided on both sides of the mounting frame 8 close to the worm gear workpiece 6. A main slide 11 is slidably mounted on the two slide rails 9, and a driving rod 10 is provided on the top side of the main slide 11. The driving rod 10 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic system at the top of the machine tool body 1, and is used to drive the main slide 11 to move up and down on the slide rail 9. A sliding sleeve 12 is provided on one side of the main slide 11, and a sliding plate 13 is slidably installed inside the sliding sleeve 12. A rotating motor 14 for driving the sliding plate 13 to slide inside the sliding sleeve 12 is provided on one side of the sliding sleeve 12, and a reduction motor 15 is provided on one side of the sliding plate 13. A gear hobbing cutting roller 16 is nested and installed at the output end of the reduction motor 15. The gear hobbing cutting roller 16 is removable and replaceable to match the tooth groove processing of different worm gear workpieces 6; After starting, the process program is loaded through the control panel 3, the area of the sliding cover 2 is installed and cleaned, the worm workpiece 6 is positioned and clamped by the rotary table 4, the coaxial centering is realized by the bottom fixed seat 5 supporting and the top fixed seat 7 hydraulic locking, then the slide rails 9 on both sides of the mounting frame 8 are ready, the main slide 11 is located at the starting upper position, the driving rod 10 is connected with the hydraulic system in the machine for standby, the rotating motor 14 makes the sliding plate 13 in the middle fine adjustment position, the speed reducer motor 15 is in standby, the hobbing cutter 16 is installed and the dynamic jump and tool position are detected, and the initialization of the whole cutting link is completed; then the manufacturing rhythm is entered, the control system first establishes the electronic gear synchronization of the main shaft workpiece and the tool, the main slide 11 is driven by the hydraulic drive to quickly drop along the slide rail 9 to approach the cutting height, the rotating motor 14 corrects the sliding plate 13 by micron level according to the tool compensation value to ensure the accuracy of the initial contact position, the speed reducer motor 15 idles at the preset speed to stabilize, after the process time reaches, the pre-cutting micro disturbance assembly and the force couple vibration elimination assembly are synchronized and put into use, the main slide 11 starts to feed slowly, the hobbing cutter 16 first contacts the worm workpiece 6, after the system monitors the torque / vibration / acoustic emission to be stable, it is gradually switched to the conventional cutting depth and feed until the target tooth groove depth is reached, finally the main slide 11 lifts the tool to retreat, the rotary table 4 stops, the top / bottom fixed seat 5 is unlocked, and one piece of processing is completed and enters the next cycle.

[0024] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the pre-cutting micro disturbance assembly includes a receiving sleeve 18 arranged on the other side of the sliding plate 13, the receiving sleeve 18 is used to position the other end of the hobbing cutter 16, one side of the receiving sleeve 18 is provided with a resonance motor 17, an eccentric block for driving the receiving sleeve 18 to rotate is arranged at the output end of the resonance motor 17, which is used to drive the receiving sleeve 18 to pre-vibrate the hobbing cutter 16; After the workpiece clamping and the air travel fast drop are completed, the main slide 11 stops at the predetermined cutting start height, the control system does not allow the hobbing cutter 16 to cut in, but starts the pre-cutting micro disturbance assembly, the resonant motor 17 rises at a set curve and can perform a short sweep frequency, so that the eccentric block drives the receiving sleeve 18 to apply high-frequency micro vibration to the hobbing cutter 16, at this time the cutting edge is in a controllable micro disturbance state; then the main slide 11 micro-quantity downlink according to the slow feeding strategy, the hobbing cutter 16 first contacts the surface layer of the worm workpiece 6 under the micro disturbance, the surface contamination film / oxidation layer / micro burr is passively broken, the static friction peak is “smoothed”, the cutting edge more smoothly bites into the base metal, the system real-time collects the spindle current and vibration / AE, if the cutting force fluctuation convergence, vibration RMS is detected to decrease or the cutting depth reaches the set threshold, the control system sends a gradually decreasing off command to the resonant motor 17, so that the eccentric block speed is smoothly reduced in -ms and stops, the pre-vibration is completed in a short window, then the main slide 11 continues to feed according to the predetermined curve, the deceleration motor 15 maintains the target linear speed to enter the stable cutting stage, wherein the resonant motor 17 directly drives the receiving sleeve 18 through the eccentric block, the receiving sleeve 18 is tightly attached to the supporting end of the hobbing cutter 16, the vibration transmission path is extremely short, and the vibration coupling efficiency is higher than that of the external excitation mode, so that the cutting edge is in a “dynamic micro disturbance” state at the contact moment, breaks the static friction threshold and reduces the probability of forming a chip tumor, significantly reduces the first circle of blade and bites the knife, and the vibration parameters can be set in the range of 500-1000 Hz, the amplitude is several microns, and the natural frequency band of the machine tool is avoided; the receiving sleeve 18 and the main cutting transmission chain are mechanically decoupled, avoiding vibration amplification to the spindle or guide rail, ensuring that the transmission accuracy is not affected, in addition, only in a very short time before and after the hydraulic feeding is started, the torque / AE / vibration threshold is activated, and after cutting in 0.2-0.3 mm, it is automatically turned off, which realizes “chaotic cutting start” and does not introduce a continuous vibration source, which is beneficial to the stability of subsequent finishing.

[0025] As Figures 2 to 11As shown, the couple vibration elimination assembly includes an auxiliary frame 19 slidably mounted on two slide rails 9, a damping tool 20 is provided on one side of the auxiliary frame 19, a positioning plate 21 is provided on the side of the mounting frame 8 close to the slide rail 9, a slide groove 22 is provided in the middle of the positioning plate 21, a sliding block 26 is slidably mounted inside the slide groove 22, a rotating column 27 is rotatably mounted inside the sliding block 26, a reversing drive wheel 23 is provided on the rotating column 27, a first connecting rod 24 is rotatably mounted on one side of the reversing drive wheel 23, the other side of the first connecting rod 24 is rotatably connected to one side of the main slide 11, a second connecting rod 25 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the reversing drive wheel 23, the other side of the second connecting rod 25 is rotatably connected to the auxiliary frame 19, when When the main slide 11 is driven by the hydraulic system to feed downward, it pushes the first connecting rod 24 to drive the reversing drive wheel 23 to rotate. The rotation of the reversing drive wheel 23 drives the second connecting rod 25 to drive the auxiliary frame 19 to move in the opposite direction. The damping tool 20 is set to be hard alloy. In the initial state, when the main slide 11 drives the gear hobbing cutting roller 16 to contact the worm gear workpiece 6, the auxiliary frame 19 synchronously drives the damping tool 20 to contact the other side of the worm gear workpiece 6. The outer surface of the damping tool 20 can be set to be smooth or the same blade shape as the gear hobbing cutting roller 16, and the blade position is in an unsharpened state. The auxiliary frame 19 can be set to a self-rotating state or a drive motor for driving the damping tool 20 to actively rotate is set on the auxiliary frame 19; The main carriage 11 starts to feed downward under the drive of the hydraulic system. The first connecting rod 24 pushes the reversing drive wheel 23 to rotate around the rotating column 27. The other side of the reversing drive wheel 23 drives the second connecting rod 25 at the same time, pushing the auxiliary frame 19 upward. The downward movement of the main carriage 11 causes the gear cutting roller 16 (main tool) to establish cutting contact with one side of the worm gear workpiece 6. At the same time, the upward movement of the auxiliary frame 19 causes the damping tool 20 to establish light pressure contact with the opposite side of the workpiece (such as Figure 9 The two actions are "ejected simultaneously in opposite directions" through the anti-interlocking mechanism, that is, the main tool approaches one side of the workpiece and the damping tool 20 approaches the opposite side of the workpiece (such as Figure 9 。 In the figure, the action of I to II is schematically shown), and a pair of opposite forces is established. Within this window, the anti-phase mechanism continuously outputs opposite displacements of approximately equal amplitude, so that the main cutting force F1 and the damping reaction force F2 form a force couple, which equivalently offsets the exposed excitation ("polarization") acting on the bed / guide rail, thereby suppressing cutting chatter and tool gnawing. In terms of process timing, the worm gear workpiece 6 rotates driven by the turntable 4, and the gear hobbing cutting roller 16 cuts and rotates at a set speed. The damping tool 20 rotates synchronously (actively) driven by the drive motor or rotates (passively) driven by contact friction, maintaining relative rolling contact with the workpiece surface. Because the gear hobbing cutting roller 16 and the damping tool 20 both perform "cutting / rolling" rotation actions on the worm gear workpiece 6, and the two are "synchronously ejected" in opposite phases through a connecting rod mechanism, the phases of F1 and F2 are opposite and the amplitudes are controllable within the initial cutting window, achieving the purpose of polarization cancellation.

[0026] As Figures 2 to 11 shown, one side of the positioning plate 21 is also provided with an arc-shaped groove 30, one side of the arc-shaped groove 30 is communicated with the sliding groove 22, one side of the reversing driving wheel 23 is provided with an extension block 31, one side of the extension block 31 is provided with a limiting block 32, the limiting block 32 is slidingly installed in the arc-shaped groove 30, the opening arc of the arc-shaped groove 30 is consistent with the rotation arc of the reversing driving wheel 23, when the main slide 11 continuously feeds downward, the reversing driving wheel 23 is rotated under the driving of the first connecting rod 24, the limiting block 32 is rotated in the arc-shaped groove 30 to the inside of the sliding groove 22, the bottom of the sliding groove 22 is provided with a reset spring 29, the other end of the reset spring 29 is fixedly connected with one side of the sliding block 26, the sliding block 26 is rotationally connected with the rotating column 27, and the rotating column 27 is provided with a torsion spring 28, the torsion spring 28 is used to drive the reversing driving wheel 23 and the limiting block 32 to reset after the main slide 11 resets upward; The main slide 11 continuously feeds downward, the first connecting rod 24 drives the reversing driving wheel 23 to rotate, the extension block 31 on the side of the reversing driving wheel 23 drives the limiting block 32 to rotate along the arc-shaped groove 30 synchronously, when rotating to a predetermined switching angle position, the limiting block 32 is aligned with the sliding groove 22 entrance communicated with the arc-shaped groove 30 and slides into the sliding groove 22 (as Figure 9 shown in I to II action schematic), at this time, the movement direction of the limiting block 32 is parallel to the axis of the sliding groove 22, further, the main slide 11 downward will no longer transmit the opposite displacement to the auxiliary frame 19 through the reversing driving wheel 23, but drives the sliding block 26 to slide downward along the sliding groove 22 (as Figure 9 shown in II to III action schematic), the reset spring 29 is compressed to store energy, at the same time, the auxiliary frame 19 is randomly relieved or maintains a small preload, so that the workpiece bottom is avoided from being continuously pressed, when the main slide 11 is lifted, the hydraulic return makes the structure unloaded, the reset spring 29 pushes the sliding block 26 back to the upper end of the sliding groove 22, the torsion spring 28 drives the rotating column 27 and the reversing driving wheel 23 to reversely rotate, and the limiting block 32 is brought back from the sliding groove 22 to the initial area of the arc-shaped groove 30 (as Figure 9(See the action diagram of III to I in the figure) The entire reversing mechanism returns to the standby angle, providing the same "anti-phase → decoupling" motion sequence for the next cutting. The arc groove 30 and the slide 22 constitute a "geometric programmable constraint". The limit block 32 rotates with the reversing drive wheel 23 and moves in the arc groove 30. When it rotates to the set angle, the limit block 32 enters the slide 22 and is parallel to its direction. Then the degree of freedom of the system switches from "anti-phase rotation output to displacement" to "the whole block moves in the same direction along the slide 22 in a straight line", realizing the initial anti-phase. , the rear section decouples and retreats in the same direction. After switching, the auxiliary frame 19 no longer continues to push up, but only moves downward with the main tool holder under the compliance of the reset spring 29 and the mechanism or maintains minimal contact, to prevent surface damage or interference caused by the top pressure still being applied when the tooth groove deepens, and the reset spring 29 provides the vertical return force of the sliding block 26, and the torsion spring 28 provides the angular return force of the reversing drive wheel 23, so that the limit block 32 returns to the initial position of the arc groove 30 when the main slide 11 rises, realizing closed-loop reset, and ensuring that each cutting window can be triggered repeatedly.

[0027] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the scope of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0028] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove processing, characterized in that: include: A machine tool body (1), wherein a sliding cover (2) is provided on one side of the machine tool body (1), and a control panel (3) is provided on the other side of the machine tool body (1); A workpiece clamping mechanism, the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on one side of the interior of the machine tool body (1), the workpiece clamping mechanism includes a rotating table (4) arranged on one side of the interior of the machine tool body (1), a bottom fixing seat (5) is provided on the top surface of the rotating table (4), a worm gear workpiece (6) is clamped on the bottom fixing seat (5), a top fixing seat (7) is provided on one side of the machine tool body (1), and the top fixing seat (7) is used to assist in clamping and positioning the worm gear workpiece (6); a tooth groove processing mechanism, the tooth groove processing mechanism being arranged on the other side of the interior of the machine tool body (1), and the tooth groove processing mechanism being used to perform tooth groove processing on the positioned worm gear workpiece (6); A pre-cutting micro-perturbation component is provided at the front end of one side of the tooth groove processing mechanism, and is used to assist the tool blade in the tooth groove processing mechanism to bite into the material more easily; A couple vibration damping component is provided on one side of the tooth groove processing mechanism and moves in the opposite direction to the tooth groove processing mechanism. The couple vibration damping component is used to offset the radial force when the tooth groove processing mechanism cuts grooves on the worm gear workpiece (6).

2. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth groove processing mechanism includes a mounting frame (8) fixedly mounted on one side of the machine tool body (1), and slide rails (9) are provided on both sides of a side of the mounting frame (8) close to the worm gear workpiece (6), and a main slide (11) is slidably mounted on the two slide rails (9), and a driving rod (10) is provided on one side of the top of the main slide (11), and the driving rod (10) is used to be fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic system at the top of the inner top of the machine tool body (1) to drive the main slide (11) to move up and down on the slide rail (9), and a sliding sleeve (12) is provided on one side of the main slide (11), and a sliding plate (13) is slidably mounted inside the sliding sleeve (12), and a rotating motor (14) for driving the sliding plate (13) to slide inside the sliding sleeve (12) is provided on one side of the sliding sleeve (12), and a reduction motor (15) is provided on one side of the sliding plate (13), and a gear cutting roller (16) is nested and installed at the output end of the reduction motor (15).

3. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear hobbing cutting roller (16) is detachable and replaceable, and is used to match the tooth groove processing of different worm gear workpieces (6).

4. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pre-cutting micro-disturbance component includes a receiving sleeve (18) arranged on the other side of the sliding plate (13), the receiving sleeve (18) is used to position the other end of the gear hobbing cutting roller (16), a resonant motor (17) is provided on one side of the receiving sleeve (18), and an eccentric block for driving the receiving sleeve (18) to rotate is provided at the output end of the resonant motor (17), and is used to drive the receiving sleeve (18) to drive the gear hobbing cutting roller (16) to pre-vibrate.

5. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The couple vibration elimination assembly includes an auxiliary frame (19) slidably mounted on the two slide rails (9), a damping tool (20) is provided on one side of the auxiliary frame (19), a positioning plate (21) is provided on the side of the mounting frame (8) close to the slide rail (9), a slide groove (22) is provided in the middle of the positioning plate (21), a sliding block (26) is slidably mounted inside the slide groove (22), a rotating column (27) is rotatably mounted inside the sliding block (26), a reversing drive wheel (23) is provided on the rotating column (27), and a first connecting rod (24) is rotatably mounted on one side of the reversing drive wheel (23). ), the other side of the first connecting rod (24) is rotatably connected to one side of the main slide (11), the other side of the reversing drive wheel (23) is rotatably mounted with a second connecting rod (25), the other side of the second connecting rod (25) is rotatably connected to the auxiliary frame (19), when the main slide (11) is driven by the hydraulic system to feed downward, the first connecting rod (24) is pushed to drive the reversing drive wheel (23) to rotate, the reversing drive wheel (23) rotates and drives the second connecting rod (25) to drive the auxiliary frame (19) to move in the opposite direction, and the damping tool (20) is set to be hard alloy.

6. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the initial state, when the main slide (11) drives the gear cutting roller (16) to contact the worm gear workpiece (6), the auxiliary frame (19) synchronously drives the damping tool (20) to contact the other side of the worm gear workpiece (6). The outer surface of the damping tool (20) can be set to be smooth or the same blade shape as the gear cutting roller (16), and the blade position is in an unsharpened state. The auxiliary frame (19) can be set to a self-rotating state or a driving motor for driving the damping tool (20) to actively rotate is set on the auxiliary frame (19).

7. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: An arcuate groove (30) is further provided on one side of the positioning plate (21), one side of the arcuate groove (30) is connected to the slide groove (22), an extension block (31) is provided on one side of the reversing drive wheel (23), a limit block (32) is provided on one side of the extension block (31), and the limit block (32) is slidably mounted inside the arcuate groove (30).

8. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The arc angle of the arc groove (30) is consistent with the rotation arc angle of the reversing drive wheel (23). When the main slide (11) continues to feed downward, the reversing drive wheel (23) rotates under the drive of the first connecting rod (24), and the limit block (32) synchronously follows the reversing drive wheel (23) and rotates inside the arc groove (30) to the inside of the slide groove (22).

9. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining according to claim 8, characterized in that: A return spring (29) is provided at the bottom of the sliding groove (22), and the other end of the return spring (29) is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block (26).

10. The high-precision CNC lathe for worm gear tooth groove machining according to claim 9, characterized in that: A torsion spring (28) is provided at the rotation connection between the sliding block (26) and the rotating column (27), and the torsion spring (28) is used to drive the reversing drive wheel (23) and the limit block (32) to reset after the main slide (11) is reset upward.

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