Temperature self-adaptive adjustment type chamois leather fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of chamois leather fabrics, in particular to a temperature self-adaptive adjustment type chamois leather fabric and a preparation method thereof. The temperature self-adaptive adjusting type chamois leather fabric comprises a surface layer and a temperature adjusting layer, the temperature adjusting layer is prepared from a temperature self-adaptive microgel coated and modified fiber base material, and the temperature self-adaptive microgel is poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel. According to the invention, by constructing the double-layer composite structure of the epidermal layer and the temperature adjusting layer, the cooperation of bionic texture and intelligent temperature control is realized. The skin layer has the functions of touch simulation and basic protection, the temperature adjusting layer takes a poly N-isopropylacrylamide microgel coated and modified fiber base material as a core, and fiber gaps are dynamically adjusted by utilizing the temperature-sensitive characteristic of microgel, so that the self-adaptive change of air permeability is realized. The design breaks through the limitation that a traditional chamois leather fabric is single in function, and the fabric is endowed with the dynamic comfort performance of low-temperature warm keeping and high-temperature ventilation while the fine and smooth touch feeling is reserved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of suede fabric, in particular to a temperature self-adaptive adjusting type suede fabric and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Suede fabric is a functional textile with animal suede-like texture, which is widely used in clothing, home decoration, automotive interior, etc. due to its delicate soft touch, good drape and simulated leather appearance. With the increasing demand for comfort, aesthetics and functionality of textiles in the consumer market, suede fabric gradually develops towards high-end and intelligentization, especially in the simulation of bionic texture and environmental adaptability.

[0003] The preparation of existing suede fabric usually uses synthetic fibers or natural fibers as the base material, and constructs the nap structure through physical or chemical methods. Common processes include: using polyester, nylon and other petroleum-based fibers as raw materials, forming a fluffy base cloth through needling and carding, and then making the fiber surface fluffy through sanding and chemical weight reduction treatment; or using natural leather scraps after tanning and milling, but it is difficult to produce on a large scale due to the limitation of raw materials. Some solutions add softeners and silicon oil finishing agents to improve the touch, but the function is single and lacks dynamic environmental response capability.

[0004] In view of the above prior art, the inventors found that the current synthetic fibers have poor degradability, and the use of chemical reagents in the production process can easily cause environmental pollution; at the same time, the mechanical fluffing process can easily lead to a decrease in fiber strength and a high rate of nap shedding, affecting the durability of the fabric. Traditional suede fabric only has basic touch and appearance characteristics, and cannot realize dynamic adjustment of air permeability and warmth according to changes in temperature, humidity and other environmental changes, making it difficult to meet the needs of diversified scenarios. SUMMARY

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the above prior art, the present application provides a temperature self-adaptive adjusting type suede fabric and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a temperature self-adaptive adjusting type suede fabric, which adopts the following technical solution: A temperature self-adaptive adjusting type suede fabric includes a skin layer and a temperature adjusting layer, the temperature adjusting layer is prepared by temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material, and the temperature self-adaptive microgel is poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel.

[0007] By the technical scheme, the application realizes the synergy of bionic texture and intelligent temperature control by constructing a double-layer composite structure of the skin layer and the temperature regulation layer. The skin layer bears the functions of touch simulation and basic protection, and the temperature regulation layer takes the fiber substrate coated with poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel as the core, dynamically adjusts the fiber gap by using the temperature-sensitive characteristics of the microgel, and realizes the adaptive change of air permeability. This design breaks through the limitation of single function of traditional suede fabric, retains delicate touch, and gives the fabric dynamic comfortable performance of low-temperature warmth and high-temperature air permeability. The double-layer structure forms a stable gradient interface through hot pressing, effectively solves the problems of easy falling off and functional attenuation of intelligent materials in textiles, and balances the bionic texture and environmental adaptability.

[0008] Further, the poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel is made by the following technical scheme: Mix N-isopropyl acrylamide monomer, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide and deionized water, stir and dissolve under nitrogen protection to obtain a pre-emulsion; Heat to 70-75℃, add initiator and constant temperature stirring reaction for 4-6h; Freeze-drying after centrifugal washing to prepare poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel.

[0009] Through the above technical scheme, the purity and dispersity of the microgel are ensured by the steps of pre-emulsification under nitrogen protection, constant temperature polymerization, centrifugal washing and freeze-drying. The nitrogen atmosphere removes oxygen interference to improve the initiation efficiency, the addition of crosslinking agent forms a three-dimensional network structure to avoid microgel dissolution, and the purification step effectively removes unreacted monomers and free initiators. This process does not need to add emulsifier, reduces the skin irritation caused by surface residue, and realizes precise control of microgel performance through reaction condition control, which is environmentally friendly and feasible for industrialization, providing a material basis for the functional stability of the temperature regulation layer.

[0010] Further, the fiber substrate is a polylactic acid fiber substrate.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, the application selects polylactic acid as the fiber substrate of the temperature regulation layer. The ester group in the polylactic acid molecular chain has similar polarity with the amide group on the surface of the poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel, which improves the microgel coating firmness and avoids the falling off of functional components. The good mechanical properties and spinnability of polylactic acid ensure the stability of fiber forming process, and the biodegradable property solves the environmental problem of traditional petroleum-based fibers.

[0012] Further, the skin layer comprises the following substances by weight: Bamboo fiber 30-50 parts; Polylactic acid fiber 50-60 parts; Nano-cellulose 5-10 parts.

[0013] Through the technical scheme, the skin layer performance is optimized by the composite formula of bamboo fiber, PLA fiber and nano cellulose, and the balance of softness, air permeability and wear resistance is realized by the three fibers. The groove structure of the bamboo fiber improves the air permeability and moisture absorption, the PLA fiber provides basic mechanical support, and the nano cellulose fills the gap between the fibers through the nano enhancement effect to improve the wrinkle resistance and wear resistance. The formula design avoids the performance limitations of single fiber, and the problems of increased rigidity caused by excessive bamboo fiber, decreased air permeability caused by excessive PLA fiber, and agglomeration caused by excessive nano cellulose are solved by ratio control. Meanwhile, the full bio-based composition ensures the ecological safety of the fabric.

[0014] Further, the nano cellulose is prepared by pretreatment with a 10% mass fraction NaOH solution.

[0015] Through the technical scheme, the nano cellulose is pretreated with NaOH solution, the impurities such as hemicellulose and lignin are removed by alkali treatment, the hydrogen bond network between cellulose molecules is destroyed, the surface hydroxyl density is increased, and the interfacial compatibility with bamboo fiber and PLA fiber is improved. The dispersion stability of the pretreated nano cellulose is significantly improved, avoiding the enhancement failure problem caused by the easy agglomeration of untreated nano cellulose, and the increased surface hydroxyl density promotes the formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces between fibers, improving the interlaminar bonding strength of the skin layer.

[0016] Further, the polylactic acid fiber is prepared by blending polylactic acid particles and maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid particles and then spinning.

[0017] Through the technical scheme, the PLA fiber is modified by blending PLA particles and maleic anhydride grafted PLA for spinning, and the brittleness and processing performance of PLA are improved by reactive compatibilization. The maleic anhydride groups in PLA-g-MAH react with the hydroxyl groups at the end of the PLA molecular chain, reducing the interfacial tension of the blending system and improving the compatibility; the flexible grafting segment reduces the regularity of the molecular chain, improving the elongation at break; and at the same time, the melt flow rate is increased, and the risk of melt rupture in the spinning process is reduced.

[0018] In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a temperature self-adaptive adjusting type suede fabric, which adopts the following technical scheme: The preparation method of a temperature self-adaptive adjusting type suede fabric includes the following preparation steps: First, polylactic acid chips are mixed with poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel, then melted and blended by an extruder for spinning to prepare a temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material, and the temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material is spun into a base cloth to prepare a temperature adjusting layer. Take bamboo fiber, polylactic acid fiber, nanocellulose blending, then under ultrasonic treatment, adopt cellulase treatment for 20-30 min, collect the epidermis layer; After the epidermis layer and the temperature adjusting layer are stacked in order, hot pressing is carried out to composite, and then the base fabric is prepared. Take the base fabric and dip finish with finishing liquid, dry, then precisely shear wool and air flow carding, and then the temperature self-adapting adjusting type suede fabric is prepared.

[0019] Through the above technical scheme, in the preparation of the temperature adjusting layer, the microgel is uniformly dispersed in the PLA fiber through melt blending; the epidermis layer is treated with cellulase to form a microgroove structure, which enhances the adhesion of the nap; hot pressing is used to realize the interlayer adhesion by using the thermoplasticity of PLA, and the finishing is carried out by treating with amino silicone oil, precise shearing and air flow carding to form a uniform nap layer. This process reduces the traditional process, improves the production efficiency, and at the same time, through step-by-step construction, it ensures the functional integration and controllable texture, realizes the cooperation of temperature adjustment and bionic touch, and meets the needs of large-scale production Further, the finishing liquid is an amino silicone oil solution with a mass fraction of 2-5%.

[0020] Through the above technical scheme, the amino silicone oil finishing liquid is used for surface modification, a lubricating film is formed on the fiber surface by the low surface energy and high flexibility of the siloxane segment, the friction coefficient is reduced, and the softness of the touch is improved; the amino group reacts with the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the fiber surface to realize firm combination, and water washing is avoided. This finishing process balances the demand for touch optimization and air permeability, and the thickness of the silicone oil film is controlled at the nanometer level, which has little effect on the air permeability of the fabric, and at the same time, improves the wrinkle recovery and wear resistance, solves the problems of easy wrinkling and poor wear resistance of traditional suede fabric.

[0021] Further, characterized in that, the air flow carding is treated by using 0.1-0.3 MPa air flow in reverse.

[0022] Through the above technical scheme, the kinetic effect of high-speed airflow is used to realize the directional arrangement and length uniformization of the nap. The reverse airflow can straighten the curved and entangled nap, and the pressure gradient can separate long and short naps, so as to ensure the uniformity of the length and distribution of the nap, and avoid the problems of fiber breakage and striped unevenness caused by traditional mechanical carding.

[0023] In summary, the present application has the following advantages: First, the present application uses a full-bio-based material system and green process design. The skin layer uses bamboo fibers and nanocellulose, further strengthening the proportion of bio-based components, and reducing the consumption of non-renewable resources throughout the supply chain. During the preparation process, the PNIPAM microgel uses a soap-free emulsion polymerization process to avoid the irritation of emulsifier residues to the skin. The nanocellulose is treated with alkali to remove impurities, improving dispersibility while reducing the use of chemical reagents. These designs make the fabric meet environmental standards from raw materials to production, meeting the needs of consumers for eco-friendly textiles. At the same time, through the natural antibacterial properties and low allergenicity of bio-based materials, the ecological safety of the product is improved.

[0024] Second, the fabric of the present application realizes the integration of touch simulation and dynamic function through the innovation of the double-layer structure of the skin layer and the temperature regulating layer. In the temperature regulating layer, the temperature-sensitive properties of PNIPAM microgel give the fabric self-adaptive air permeability. At low temperatures, the microgel swells to close the fiber gap to keep warm, and at high temperatures, it shrinks to open the gap to dissipate heat, solving the limitations of traditional suede's "single function" and dynamically responding to temperature changes in the human body and the environment. The skin layer simulates the delicate and soft touch of natural suede through the composite formula of bamboo fibers, PLA fibers and nanocellulose: the grooved structure of bamboo fibers improves air permeability and moisture absorption, and the nanocellulose's nanometer reinforcement effect optimizes wrinkle resistance and wear resistance, avoiding the performance short board of single fibers. The synergy of the two makes the fabric retain softness while having the intelligent adjustment ability of "low-temperature warmth and high-temperature air permeability", expanding the application of suede fabric in sports, outdoor and other diversified scenarios.

[0025] Third, the present application improves the production efficiency and quality controllability of the fabric through process integration and parameter adjustment. The temperature regulating layer uses PLA and PNIPAM microgel melt blending spinning to realize the integrated formation of functional fibers, avoiding the problem of microgel shedding caused by traditional coating process; the skin layer is treated with cellulase and airflow carding, optimizing the adhesion of the nap through enzymatic hydrolysis, and ensuring the uniformity of the nap length through airflow dynamics, solving the "striped unevenness" defect of mechanical carding. The amino silicone oil finishing process improves the wear resistance and wrinkle resistance of the fabric through surface lubrication and crosslinking, without affecting the air permeability, prolonging the service life. The integrated preparation process reduces the traditional multi-step process, significantly shortening the production cycle, while optimizing the material interface compatibility and precisely controlling the process parameters to ensure the batch stability of product performance, providing technical support for large-scale production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples.

[0027] Preparation Example 1 Poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 1 The mixture was collected after taking N-isopropyl acrylamide monomer, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide at a molar ratio of 1:0.8, and adding deionized water into a three-necked flask at a mass ratio of 1:10, oxygen was removed by purging nitrogen for 30 min, and the mixture was magnetically stirred at a speed of 400 rpm until the monomers were completely dissolved to form a transparent pre-emulsion; The temperature was raised to 70°C, 0.8% of the monomer mass of 10% KPS aqueous solution was added at one time, the pH of the reaction system was controlled at 6.5, and constant temperature stirring was carried out at a speed of 250 rpm for 4 h, and nitrogen was continuously purged during the process; After the reaction was completed, the product was washed with deionized water at 8000 rpm for 3 times to remove unreacted monomers and residual initiators, and freeze-dried at a temperature of-50°C and a vacuum degree of≤10 Pa for 48 h to obtain poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 1.

[0028] Preparation Example 2 Poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 2 The mixture was collected after taking N-isopropyl acrylamide monomer, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide at a molar ratio of 1:1.0, and adding deionized water into a three-necked flask at a mass ratio of 1:11, oxygen was removed by purging nitrogen for 30 min, and the mixture was magnetically stirred at a speed of 400 rpm until the monomers were completely dissolved to form a transparent pre-emulsion; The temperature was raised to 72°C, 1.0% of the monomer mass of 10% KPS aqueous solution was added at one time, the pH of the reaction system was controlled at 6.7, and constant temperature stirring was carried out at a speed of 250 rpm for 5 h, and nitrogen was continuously purged during the process; After the reaction was completed, the product was washed with deionized water at 8000 rpm for 3 times to remove unreacted monomers and residual initiators, and freeze-dried at a temperature of-50°C and a vacuum degree of≤10 Pa for 48 h to obtain poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 2.

[0029] Preparation Example 3 Poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 3 The mixture was collected after taking N-isopropyl acrylamide monomer, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide at a molar ratio of 1:1.2, and adding deionized water into a three-necked flask at a mass ratio of 1:12, oxygen was removed by purging nitrogen for 30 min, and the mixture was magnetically stirred at a speed of 400 rpm until the monomers were completely dissolved to form a transparent pre-emulsion; The temperature was raised to 75°C, 1.2% of the monomer mass of 10% KPS aqueous solution was added at one time, the pH of the reaction system was controlled at 7.0, and constant temperature stirring was carried out at a speed of 250 rpm for 6 h, and nitrogen was continuously purged during the process; After the reaction is completed, the product is washed with deionized water at 8000 rpm for 3 times to remove unreacted monomers and residual initiator, and freeze-dried at a temperature of -50℃ and a vacuum degree of ≤10 Pa for 48h to obtain poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 3.

[0030] Preparation Example 4 Take 3 kg of amino silicone oil, 97 kg of deionized water, and 0.1 kg of glacial acetic acid, mix them under stirring to prepare a finishing liquid.

[0031] Preparation Example 5 Modified polylactic acid fiber: Take 9 kg of polylactic acid particles and 1 kg of maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid, mix them under stirring, melt and spin to prepare modified polylactic acid fibers with a length of 38 mm and a linear density of 1.2 dtex.

[0032] Example 1 A method for preparing a temperature self-adaptive adjusting suede fabric, comprising the following preparation steps: First, take 90 kg of polylactic acid chips and mix them with 5 kg of poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 1, then place them in a vacuum drying oven at 80℃ for 12h, and then place them in a twin-screw extruder, adjust the temperature settings of each zone of the twin-screw extruder: zone 1 160℃, zone 2 175℃, zone 3 185℃, zone 4 180℃, die temperature 175℃, screw rotation speed 150 rpm, feeding rate 8 kg / h, melt blend through the extruder, extrude through a spinneret with a pore size of 0.3 mm and 36 holes, cool by side blowing at a wind speed of 0.8 m / s and a temperature of 25℃, and wind at a speed of 2500 m / min to prepare a temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material, spin the temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material into a base cloth, adjust the warp and weft density to 32 roots / cm, and weave at a speed of 1500 revolutions / minute to form a base cloth with a thickness of 0.3 mm, heat set at 120℃ and a tension of 20 N for 30s to eliminate internal stress, and prepare a temperature adjusting layer. Then take 30 kg of bamboo fiber with a length of 38 mm and a linear density of 1.5 dtex, 50 kg of polylactic acid fiber with a length of 38 mm and a linear density of 1.2 dtex, and 5 kg of nanocellulose with a diameter of 5 nm, mix them evenly after opening and carding, lay them on a air-laid machine at an air pressure of 0.2 MPa, and control the surface density to 100 g / m 2 ; spray the nanocellulose dispersion liquid at a spraying amount of 10 g / m 2The surface of the net is uniformly sprayed by spraying, dried by hot air at 80℃ for 3 minutes, and then treated by cellulase under ultrasonic treatment. A treatment solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared according to 10000 U / g of cellulase, and the cellulase treatment is performed for 20 minutes according to a bath ratio of 1:20. After washing and drying, the surface is raised by a single-drum raising machine twice to form a nap with a length of 0.8mm, and the epidermal layer is collected; The epidermal layer and the temperature adjusting layer are stacked in order, and then hot-pressed at a temperature of 105℃, a pressure of 0.5MPa, and a speed of 2m / min to prepare a base fabric with a thickness of 0.5mm. The base fabric is taken and finished by immersion padding with a finishing liquid, with a pick-up rate of 80% for two immersions and two pad-dings. After pre-drying at 120℃ for 3 minutes and baking at 160℃ for 5 minutes, the fabric is precisely sheared and air-combed at 0.1MPa and an air flow speed of 40m / s to prepare a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric.

[0033] Example 2 A method for preparing a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric includes the following preparation steps: First, 95kg of polylactic acid chips are mixed with 7kg of poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 1, dried in a 80℃ vacuum drying oven for 12h, and then placed in a twin-screw extruder. The temperature settings of each zone of the twin-screw extruder are adjusted as follows: zone 1 160℃, zone 2 175℃, zone 3 185℃, zone 4 180℃, die temperature 175℃, screw rotation speed 150rpm, and feeding rate 8kg / h. After melt blending in the extruder, the melt is extruded through a spinneret with a pore size of 0.3mm and 36 holes. The extruded fibers are cooled by side blowing at a wind speed of 0.8m / s and a temperature of 25℃, and wound at a speed of 2500m / min. The temperature self-adaptive microgel-coated modified fiber base material is prepared. The temperature self-adaptive microgel-coated modified fiber base material is spun into a base fabric with a warp and weft density of 32 roots / cm and a weaving speed of 1500 revolutions / minute to form a base fabric with a thickness of 0.3mm. The base fabric is heat set at 120℃ and a tension of 20N for 30s to eliminate internal stress and prepare a temperature adjusting layer. Then, 40kg of bamboo fibers with a length of 38mm and a linear density of 1.5dtex, 55kg of polylactic acid fibers with a length of 38mm and a linear density of 1.2dtex, and 8kg of nanocellulose with a diameter of 15nm are mixed uniformly after opening and carding. The mixture is laid on a wire by an air pressure of 0.2MPa air-laying machine, and the surface density is controlled at 100g / m 2 The nanocellulose dispersion liquid is sprayed at a spraying amount of 10g / m 2The surface of the net is uniformly sprayed by spraying, dried by hot air at 80℃ for 3 minutes, and then treated by cellulase under ultrasonic treatment. A treatment solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared by adding 10,000 U of cellulase per gram of cellulose. The cellulase treatment is performed for 25 minutes at a bath ratio of 1:20. After washing and drying, the surface is raised by a single-drum raising machine twice to form a nap with a length of 0.9 mm. The epidermal layer is collected. The epidermal layer and the temperature adjusting layer are stacked in order, and then hot-pressed at a temperature of 105℃, a pressure of 0.5 MPa, and a speed of 2 m / min to form a base fabric with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The base fabric is impregnated with a finishing solution, and then dipped and rolled twice at a pick-up rate of 80%. The fabric is pre-dried at 120℃ for 3 minutes and then baked at 160℃ for 5 minutes. The fabric is precisely sheared and then air-combed at a pressure of 0.2 MPa and an air flow speed of 40 m / s to form a temperature self-adaptive chamois fabric.

[0034] Example 3 A method for preparing a temperature self-adaptive chamois fabric includes the following preparation steps: First, 100 kg of polylactic acid chips are mixed with 8 kg of poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 1, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 80℃ for 12 hours. The dried material is then placed in a twin-screw extruder. The temperature settings for each zone of the twin-screw extruder are as follows: Zone 1: 160℃, Zone 2: 175℃, Zone 3: 185℃, Zone 4: 180℃, die temperature: 175℃, screw speed: 150 rpm, and feed rate: 8 kg / h. The molten blend is extruded through a spinneret with a pore size of 0.3 mm and 36 holes. The extruded material is cooled by side blowing at a wind speed of 0.8 m / s and a temperature of 25℃. The material is wound at a speed of 2500 m / min to produce temperature-adaptive microgel-coated modified fiber base material. The temperature-adaptive microgel-coated modified fiber base material is spun into a base fabric with a warp and weft density of 32 roots / cm and a weaving speed of 1500 revolutions / minute to form a base fabric with a thickness of 0.3 mm. The base fabric is heat set at 120℃ with a tension of 20 N for 30 seconds to eliminate internal stress and produce a temperature adjusting layer. Then, 50 kg of bamboo fibers with a length of 38 mm and a linear density of 1.5 dtex, 60 kg of polylactic acid fibers with a length of 38 mm and a linear density of 1.2 dtex, and 10 kg of nanocellulose with a diameter of 20 nm are mixed uniformly after opening and carding. The mixture is laid on a wire by an air pressure of 0.2 MPa using an air-laid machine, and the surface density is controlled at 100 g / m 2 The nanocellulose dispersion solution is sprayed at a spraying amount of 10 g / m 2The surface of the net is uniformly sprayed by spraying, dried by hot air at 80℃ for 3 minutes, and then treated by cellulase under ultrasonic treatment. A treatment solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared according to 10000 U / g of cellulase, and the cellulase treatment is performed for 30 minutes according to a bath ratio of 1:20. After washing and drying, the surface is raised by a single-drum raising machine twice to form a nap with a length of 1.0 mm, and the epidermal layer is collected; The epidermal layer and the temperature adjusting layer are stacked in order, and then hot-pressed at a temperature of 105℃, a pressure of 0.5MPa, and a speed of 2 m / min to prepare a base fabric with a thickness of 0.5mm. The base fabric is taken and finished by immersion padding with a finishing liquid, with a pick-up rate of 80% for two immersions and two pad-dings. After pre-drying at 120℃ for 3 minutes and baking at 160℃ for 5 minutes, the fabric is precisely sheared and air-combed at 0.3MPa and an air flow speed of 40 m / s to prepare a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric.

[0035] Example 4 A method for preparing a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric includes the following preparation steps: First, 95kg of polylactic acid chips are mixed with 7kg of poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 2, and then dried in a 80℃ vacuum drying oven for 12 hours. Then, the mixture is placed in a twin-screw extruder, and the temperature settings of each zone of the twin-screw extruder are adjusted as follows: zone 1, 160℃; zone 2, 175℃; zone 3, 185℃; zone 4, 180℃; die temperature, 175℃; screw rotation speed, 150 rpm; feeding rate, 8kg / h. After melt blending in the extruder, the melt is extruded through a spinneret with a pore size of 0.3mm and 36 holes. The extruded fibers are cooled by side blowing at a wind speed of 0.8m / s and a temperature of 25℃, and wound at a speed of 2500m / min. The temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material is prepared. The temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material is spun into a base fabric with a warp and weft density of 32 roots / cm and a weaving speed of 1500 revolutions / minute to form a base fabric with a thickness of 0.3mm. The base fabric is heat set at 120℃ and a tension of 20N for 30s to eliminate internal stress, and a temperature adjusting layer is prepared. Then, 40kg of bamboo fibers with a length of 38mm and a linear density of 1.5dtex, 55kg of polylactic acid fibers with a length of 38mm and a linear density of 1.2dtex, and 8kg of nanocellulose with a diameter of 15nm are mixed uniformly after opening and carding. The mixture is laid on a wire by an air pressure of 0.2MPa air-laid machine, and the surface density is controlled at 100g / m 2 The nanocellulose dispersion liquid is sprayed at a spraying amount of 10g / m 2The surface of the net is uniformly sprayed by spraying, dried by hot air at 80℃ for 3 minutes, and then treated by cellulase under ultrasonic treatment. A treatment solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared according to 10000 U / g of cellulase, and the cellulase treatment is performed for 25 minutes according to a bath ratio of 1:20. After washing and drying, the surface is raised by a single-drum raising machine twice to form a nap with a length of 0.9mm, and the epidermal layer is collected; The epidermal layer and the temperature adjusting layer are stacked in order, and then hot-pressed at a temperature of 105℃, a pressure of 0.5MPa, and a speed of 2 m / min to prepare a base fabric with a thickness of 0.5mm. The base fabric is taken and finished by immersion padding with a finishing liquid, and the pick-up rate is 80% for two immersions and two pad-dings. After pre-drying at 120℃ for 3 minutes and baking at 160℃ for 5 minutes, the fabric is precisely sheared and air-combed at 0.2MPa and an air flow speed of 40 m / s to prepare a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric.

[0036] Example 5 A method for preparing a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric includes the following preparation steps: First, 95kg of polylactic acid chips are mixed with 7kg of poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 3, dried in a 80℃ vacuum drying oven for 12h, and then placed in a twin-screw extruder. The temperature settings of each zone of the twin-screw extruder are adjusted as follows: zone 1 160℃, zone 2 175℃, zone 3 185℃, zone 4 180℃, die temperature 175℃, screw rotation speed 150 rpm, and feeding rate 8kg / h. After melt blending in the extruder, the melt is extruded through a spinneret with a pore size of 0.3mm and 36 holes. The extruded fibers are cooled by side blowing at a wind speed of 0.8m / s and a temperature of 25℃, and wound at a speed of 2500m / min. The temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material is prepared. The temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material is spun into a base fabric with a warp and weft density of 32 roots / cm and a weaving speed of 1500 revolutions / minute to form a base fabric with a thickness of 0.3mm. The base fabric is heat set at 120℃ and a tension of 20N for 30s to eliminate internal stress and prepare a temperature adjusting layer. Then, 40kg of bamboo fibers with a length of 38mm and a linear density of 1.5dtex, 55kg of polylactic acid fibers with a length of 38mm and a linear density of 1.2dtex, and 8kg of nanocellulose with a diameter of 15nm are mixed uniformly after opening and carding. The mixture is laid on a wire by an air pressure of 0.2MPa air-laying machine, and the surface density is controlled at 100g / m 2 The nanocellulose dispersion liquid is sprayed at a spraying amount of 10g / m 2The surface of the net is uniformly sprayed by spraying, dried by hot air at 80℃ for 3 minutes, and then treated by cellulase under ultrasonic treatment. A treatment solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared according to 10000 U / g of cellulase, and the cellulase treatment is performed for 25 minutes according to a bath ratio of 1:20. After washing and drying, the surface is raised by a single-drum raising machine twice to form a nap with a length of 0.9mm, and the epidermal layer is collected; The epidermal layer and the temperature adjusting layer are stacked in order, and then hot-pressed at a temperature of 105℃, a pressure of 0.5MPa, and a speed of 2 m / min to prepare a base fabric with a thickness of 0.5mm. The base fabric is taken and finished by immersion padding with a finishing liquid, and the pick-up rate is 80% for two immersions and two pad-dings. After pre-drying at 120℃ for 3 minutes and baking at 160℃ for 5 minutes, the fabric is precisely sheared and air-combed at 0.2MPa and an air flow speed of 40 m / s to prepare a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric.

[0037] Example 6 A method for preparing a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric includes the following preparation steps: First, 95kg of polylactic acid chips are mixed with 7kg of poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 2, and then dried in a 80℃ vacuum drying oven for 12 hours. Then, the mixture is placed in a twin-screw extruder, and the temperature settings of each zone of the twin-screw extruder are adjusted as follows: zone 1, 160℃; zone 2, 175℃; zone 3, 185℃; zone 4, 180℃; die temperature, 175℃; screw rotation speed, 150 rpm; and feeding rate, 8kg / h. After melt blending in the extruder, the melt is extruded through a spinneret with a pore size of 0.3mm and 36 holes. The extruded fibers are cooled by side blowing at a wind speed of 0.8m / s and a temperature of 25℃, and wound at a speed of 2500m / min. The temperature self-adaptive microgel-coated modified fiber base material is prepared. The temperature self-adaptive microgel-coated modified fiber base material is spun into a base fabric with a warp and weft density of 32 roots / cm and a weaving speed of 1500 revolutions / minute to form a base fabric with a thickness of 0.3mm. The base fabric is heat set at a temperature of 120℃ and a tension of 20N for 30s to eliminate internal stress, and a temperature adjusting layer is prepared. Then, 40kg of bamboo fibers with a length of 38mm and a linear density of 1.5dtex, 55kg of modified polylactic acid fibers with a length of 38mm and a linear density of 1.2dtex, and 8kg of nanocellulose with a diameter of 15nm are mixed uniformly after opening and carding. The mixture is laid on a wire by an air pressure of 0.2MPa air-laid machine, and the surface density is controlled at 100g / m 2 The nanocellulose dispersion liquid is sprayed at a spraying amount of 10g / m 2The surface layer is prepared by spraying the surface layer on the net surface, drying at 80℃ for 3min, then preparing a treatment solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% by adding 10000 U / g of cellulase under ultrasonic treatment, treating with cellulase for 25min at a bath ratio of 1:20, washing with water, drying, raising 2 times by a single-cylinder raising machine to form a nap with a length of 0.9mm, and collecting the surface layer; The surface layer and the temperature adjusting layer are stacked in sequence, and then hot pressing is performed at a temperature of 105℃, a pressure of 0.5MPa, and a speed of 2m / min to prepare a base fabric with a thickness of 0.5mm. The base fabric is taken and finished by immersion padding with a finishing liquid, and then double immersion and double padding are performed at a pick-up rate of 80%, pre-drying at 120℃ for 3min, and baking at 160℃ for 5min, and then precise shearing is performed and the fabric is placed in an air flow combing machine at a pressure of 0.2MPa and an air flow speed of 40m / s to prepare a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric.

[0038] Example 7 A method for preparing a temperature self-adaptive adjusting chamois fabric, comprising the following preparation steps: First, 95kg of polylactic acid chips are mixed with 7kg of poly N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel 2, and then dried in a 80℃ vacuum drying oven for 12h, and then placed in a twin-screw extruder, and the temperature settings of each zone of the twin-screw extruder are adjusted as follows: zone 1 160℃, zone 2 175℃, zone 3 185℃, zone 4 180℃, die temperature 175℃, screw rotation speed 150rpm, and feeding rate 8kg / h, and after melt blending by the extruder, the melt is extruded through a spinneret with a pore size of 0.3mm and 36 holes, cooled by side blowing at a wind speed of 0.8m / s and a temperature of 25℃, and wound at a speed of 2500m / min to prepare a temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material, and the temperature self-adaptive microgel coated modified fiber base material is spun into a base cloth, and the warp and weft densities are both adjusted to 32root / cm, and the weaving speed is adjusted to 1500r / min to form a base cloth with a thickness of 0.3mm, and then heat setting is performed at 120℃ and a tension of 20N for 30s to eliminate internal stress and prepare a temperature adjusting layer. First, the nanocellulose is soaked in a 10% mass fraction NaOH solution for 2h, washed to neutral with deionized water, and dried to prepare pretreated nanocellulose; 38mm long, 1.5dtex linear density bamboo fibers, 38mm long, 1.2dtex modified polylactic acid fibers 55kg, and 15nm diameter pretreated nanocellulose 8kg are opened and carded, mixed uniformly, laid by an air pressure of 0.2MPa air laying machine, and the surface density is controlled to 100g / m 2 ; and the nanocellulose dispersion liquid is sprayed at a spraying amount of 10g / m 2The surface of the net is uniformly sprayed by spraying, dried by hot air at 80℃ for 3min, then treated by cellulase under ultrasonic treatment, a treatment solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% is prepared according to 10000 U / g of cellulase, treated by cellulase according to a bath ratio of 1:20 for 25min, dried after washing, raised by a single-drum raising machine for 2 times to form a nap with a length of 0.9mm, and the epidermis layer is collected; The epidermis layer and the temperature adjusting layer are stacked in sequence, and a temperature of 105℃, a pressure of 0.5MPa, and a speed of 2m / min are used for hot pressing to form a base fabric with a thickness of 0.5mm. The base fabric is taken and treated by immersion and padding with a finishing liquid, with a pick-up rate of 80% for two immersions and two pad-dings, pre-dried at 120℃ for 3min, and baked at 160℃ for 5min, then precisely cut and placed in an air flow with a pressure of 0.2MPa and a speed of 40m / s for air flow carding, to obtain a temperature self-adaptive adjusting suede fabric.

[0039] Performance detection 40℃ air permeability: detection standard: GB / T 5453-1997.

[0040] Washing dimensional change rate: detection standard: GB / T 8628-2013 + GB / T 8629-2017.

[0041] Wear resistance: detection standard: GB / T 21196.2-2007.

[0042] Breaking strength: detection standard: GB / T 3923.1-2013.

[0043] The results are shown in the following table 1: Table 1 Performance detection table

[0044] From the above examples 1-7 combined with the comparison of the test results in table 1, it can be found that: The 40℃ air permeability of examples 1-5 of the present application is significantly improved, which effectively shows that the present application takes the poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide microgel coated modified fiber base material as the core, uses the temperature sensitive characteristics of the microgel to dynamically adjust the fiber gap, and realizes the self-adaptive change of the air permeability. This design breaks through the limitation of single function of traditional suede fabric, and at the same time retains the delicate touch, and gives the fabric dynamic comfortable performance of low temperature warmth and high temperature air permeability.

[0045] Comparison of Example 6 with Example 4 further illustrates the present invention's technical solution, which utilizes PLA particles and maleic anhydride-grafted PLA to blend and spin-modify PLA fibers, improving PLA's brittleness and processing properties through reactive compatibilization. The maleic anhydride groups in PLA-g-MAH react with the terminal hydroxyl groups of the PLA molecular chains, reducing interfacial tension and improving compatibility. The flexible grafted segments reduce molecular chain regularity and improve elongation at break. Furthermore, the melt flow rate is increased, reducing the risk of melt fracture during the spinning process.

[0046] Finally, by comparing Example 7 with Example 6, we demonstrate that the present invention's technical solution pre-treats nanocellulose with a NaOH solution. This alkaline treatment removes impurities such as hemicellulose and lignin, disrupts the hydrogen bond network between cellulose molecules, increases the surface hydroxyl density, and improves its interfacial compatibility with bamboo fiber and PLA fiber. The pre-treated nanocellulose significantly improves its dispersion stability, avoiding the problem of reinforcement failure caused by the easy agglomeration of untreated nanocellulose. Furthermore, the increased surface hydroxyl density promotes the formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces between fibers, enhancing the interlayer bonding strength of the epidermis.

[0047] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements may be made to the technical solutions and implementations of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

[0048] All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the meanings conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. In the event of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0049] When this specification uses the prefix "well known to those skilled in the art", "prior art" or similar terms to introduce materials, substances, methods, steps, devices or components, the objects introduced by the prefix include those commonly used in the art when this application is filed, but also include those that are not commonly used at present but will become generally recognized in the art to be suitable for similar purposes.

[0050] In the context of this specification, any matters or items not mentioned are directly applicable to those known in the art without any changes except those explicitly stated.

Claims

1. A temperature-adaptive suede fabric, characterized in that: The invention comprises a skin layer and a temperature regulating layer. The temperature regulating layer is prepared by coating a fiber base material with a temperature-adaptive microgel. The temperature-adaptive microgel is a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel.

2. The temperature-adaptive suede fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel is prepared by the following technical solution: Mix N-isopropylacrylamide monomer, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide and deionized water, and stir and dissolve under nitrogen protection to obtain a pre-emulsion; Heat to 70-75°C, add initiator and stir at constant temperature for 4-6 hours; After centrifugal washing and freeze-drying, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel was prepared.

3. The temperature-adaptive suede fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber substrate is a polylactic acid fiber substrate.

4. The temperature-adaptive suede fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The epidermis layer comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of bamboo fiber; 50-60 parts of polylactic acid fiber; 5-10 parts of nanocellulose.

5. The temperature-adaptive suede fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nanocellulose is prepared by pretreatment with a 10% by mass NaOH solution.

6. The temperature-adaptive suede fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polylactic acid fibers are prepared by spinning polylactic acid particles and maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid particles after blending.

7. A method for preparing a temperature-adaptive suede fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: First, polylactic acid slices are mixed with poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels, melt-blended in an extruder, and then spun to prepare a fiber substrate coated with a temperature-adaptive microgel. The fiber substrate coated with the temperature-adaptive microgel is then spun into a base fabric to prepare a temperature-regulating layer. Then, bamboo fiber, polylactic acid fiber, and nanocellulose are blended and treated with cellulase for 20-30 minutes under ultrasonic treatment to obtain the epidermis; The surface layer and the temperature regulating layer are stacked in order and then hot-pressed to form a base fabric. The temperature-adaptive suede fabric is prepared by taking a base fabric, applying a finishing liquid for padding and finishing, drying, and then precisely shearing and air-combing.

8. The method for preparing a temperature-adaptive suede fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The finishing liquid is an amino silicone oil solution with a mass fraction of 2-5%.

9. The method for preparing a temperature-adaptive suede fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The airflow combing is performed by using 0.1-0.3 MPa airflow in reverse blowing.

Images