A vehicle-mounted storage system supporting micro-grid power management

Abstract

The application provides a vehicle-mounted storage system supporting micro-grid electric energy management, and relates to the field of vehicle-mounted storage. The vehicle-mounted storage system supporting micro-grid electric energy management comprises an alternating current (AC) mains interface, which is used to obtain mains power from a power grid; an energy storage converter, which is used to be connected with the AC mains interface and perform bidirectional conversion between AC and direct current (DC); an energy storage battery, which is used for electric energy storage; a DC conversion switching unit, which is used to be connected with the energy storage converter, the energy storage battery, a DC charging interface, a DC power supply interface and a DC charging gun respectively, and control electric energy path switching and voltage adjustment; a control unit, which is used to control cooperation between components and configure a working mode; and a human-computer interaction interface, which is used to obtain system information through the control unit and display a state, and switch a system mode and set parameters according to an operator's configuration. The current vehicle-mounted storage system is designed as a large mobile electric vehicle charging pile, and the problem of power grid interaction and electric energy management is not considered too much.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted energy storage technology, specifically to a vehicle-mounted energy storage system that supports microgrid power management. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, onboard charging systems have emerged. Installed on vehicles, these systems allow them to find suitable charging locations anytime, anywhere, without being limited by fixed charging station locations. Vehicles can be fully charged during off-peak hours and then provide temporary power support to other electric vehicles upon reaching their destination.

[0003] In cities, onboard charging systems can provide flexible charging solutions for taxis, ride-hailing vehicles, and private cars, alleviating the problem of insufficient charging stations. For electric vehicle users on long journeys, onboard charging systems can provide emergency charging at highway service areas or temporary parking spots, reducing range anxiety. In emergencies such as natural disasters or power grid failures, onboard charging systems can serve as mobile emergency power sources, providing power support for critical equipment or temporary shelters.

[0004] Current vehicle-mounted energy storage systems are designed as large mobile electric vehicle charging stations, without much consideration for grid interaction and energy management. Furthermore, they primarily use AC mains power to recharge the storage batteries, failing to fully utilize DC fast charging for rapid recharging, making them unsuitable for some emergency scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a vehicle-mounted energy storage system that supports microgrid energy management. This solves the problem that current vehicle-mounted energy storage systems are designed as large mobile electric vehicle charging piles and do not give much consideration to grid interaction and energy management.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an on-board energy storage system supporting microgrid energy management, comprising:

[0009] AC mains interface, used to connect to the power grid and obtain AC power from the grid;

[0010] Energy storage converter, used to connect to the AC mains interface, to perform bidirectional AC to DC conversion;

[0011] Energy storage batteries are used for storing electrical energy.

[0012] The DC-DC conversion switching unit is used to connect the energy storage converter, energy storage battery, DC charging interface, DC power supply interface and DC charging gun respectively, and to control the switching of power path and voltage regulation;

[0013] The control unit is used to control the collaboration between various components and configure the working mode.

[0014] The human-machine interface is used to connect to the control unit, obtain system information and display status through the control unit, and switch system modes and set parameters according to the operator's configuration.

[0015] Preferably, the DC power supply interface supports access to photovoltaic, wind power or generators. The input electrical energy is switched to a DC charging gun to charge electric vehicles through a DC conversion switching unit, or switched to an energy storage battery for storage, or switched to an energy storage converter for inversion and grid connection.

[0016] Preferably, the DC charging interface is connected to an external DC charging pile, and the energy storage battery is fast-charged by DC conversion switching unit.

[0017] Preferably, the control unit controls the cooperation between the components, specifically:

[0018] The control unit is connected to the energy storage converter and controls the energy storage converter to perform AC-DC conversion and configure power-related parameters.

[0019] The control unit is connected to the energy storage battery and controls the energy storage battery to perform charge and discharge conversion, configure power, and acquire SOC and battery temperature related parameters.

[0020] The control unit is connected to the DC-DC conversion switching unit and controls voltage conversion and power switching path selection.

[0021] Preferably, the working mode includes a manual mode and an automatic mode;

[0022] The manual module includes:

[0023] In DC discharge mode, the system provides electrical energy to external electric vehicles through the DC charging gun.

[0024] In DC charging mode, the energy storage battery is quickly recharged through an external DC charging pile connected to the DC charging port.

[0025] In the AC off-grid discharge mode, the system operates independently of the power grid, and the energy storage battery discharges to the power grid through the AC mains interface, serving as an emergency backup power source.

[0026] In AC grid-connected mode, the system is connected to the power grid, and the energy storage battery is charged or discharged through the AC mains interface to realize bidirectional flow of electrical energy and balance the grid load through AC grid-connected mode;

[0027] The automatic mode includes:

[0028] In peak-valley mode, according to the periodic strategy of the control unit, during periods of low electricity prices, the energy storage battery automatically charges through the power grid connected to the AC mains interface until the energy storage battery's SOC reaches 100%; during periods of high electricity prices, the energy storage battery automatically discharges into the power grid connected to the AC mains interface until the energy storage battery's SOC reaches the set threshold SOC. min ;

[0029] In this governance mode, the system is used to maintain the voltage stability of the power grid. It periodically collects the AC side voltage through the AC mains interface and compares it with the rated voltage V. grid_rated By comparison, when the grid-side voltage exceeds the threshold, the system automatically performs dynamic power regulation.

[0030] Preferably, the control unit is configured with a governance mode, specifically:

[0031] Real-time monitoring of grid voltage V grid ;

[0032] When V grid <V grid_min When this happens, priority is given to reducing the power drawn from the grid and starting the energy storage battery to discharge until the voltage recovers to V. grid_rated or SOC≤SOC min ;

[0033] When V grid >V grid_max When the voltage is restored or the SOC is 100%, the DC discharge mode is activated first to start charging the energy storage battery until the voltage is restored.

[0034] Preferably, the governance mode uses a fuzzy PID algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power P. out The fuzzy logic part takes the energy storage battery SOC, temperature and grid voltage as inputs. Through fuzzy rule reasoning, a fuzzy control rule table is established, and the PID parameters, including the proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki and derivative coefficient Kd, are adaptively adjusted to optimize the PID control performance and adjust the energy storage power output.

[0035] Preferably, the control unit is configured with a peak-valley mode, specifically:

[0036] The strategy based on the peak-valley pattern is S={(t1,P1,w1),(t2,P2,w2),…,(t T ,P T ,wT During periods of low electricity prices, power P i >0 charging, during peak hours, P i <0 discharge; charge / discharge weight w i It is dynamically set based on economic or security indicators.

[0037] Preferably, the control unit is connected to a backend server to enable remote status monitoring and command issuance.

[0038] Preferably, the DC charging gun includes a gun wire plate structure and a gun base plate structure.

[0039] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0040] (1) The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted energy storage system that supports microgrid power management. It integrates mobile energy storage and charging equipment and grid management equipment, which solves the problems that conventional mobile energy storage and charging equipment does not have the functions of grid interaction and power management, while existing grid management equipment is complicated to install, cannot be moved flexibly, has limited adaptability to stations, and requires additional modifications to meet the power supply and distribution needs of different scenarios.

[0041] (2) The present invention provides an on-board energy storage system that supports microgrid power management. The system has complete interfaces and supports multi-source interface access, including support for external power access, such as photovoltaic, wind power, generators, etc. as supplementary power sources, support for grid access and grid connection of energy storage and external power sources, support for charging new energy vehicles, and support for DC charging piles of new energy vehicles to quickly replenish energy storage batteries.

[0042] (3) The present invention provides an on-board storage and storage system that supports microgrid power management. It supports an automated power management mode. The system can automatically monitor the current data of the power grid in real time and dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power of the system through a PID algorithm. It can simultaneously support electric vehicle charging scenarios in the power management mode, realize the superposition of the two working modes, and enhance the power management capability. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system supporting microgrid power management in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system supporting microgrid power management in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the power management mode implemented in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an on-board energy storage system supporting microgrid energy management, comprising:

[0048] AC mains interface, used to connect to the power grid and obtain AC power from the grid;

[0049] Energy storage converter, used to connect to the AC mains interface, to perform bidirectional AC to DC conversion;

[0050] Energy storage batteries are used for storing electrical energy.

[0051] The DC-DC conversion switching unit is used to connect the energy storage converter, energy storage battery, DC charging interface, DC power supply interface and DC charging gun respectively, and to control the switching of power path and voltage regulation;

[0052] The control unit is used to control the collaboration between various components and configure the working mode.

[0053] The human-machine interface is used to connect to the control unit, obtain system information and display status through the control unit, and switch system modes and set parameters according to the operator's configuration.

[0054] It should be noted that the AC mains interface obtains mains power from the power grid, performs AC to DC conversion through the connected energy storage converter, and then adjusts the voltage through the DC conversion switching unit and switches to the energy storage battery for energy storage, or switches to the DC charging gun to charge external electric vehicles.

[0055] When the energy storage battery discharges, the voltage is adjusted by the connected DC-DC conversion switching unit, and the power is switched to the DC charging gun to charge the external electric vehicle; or the power is switched to the energy storage converter for DC-AC conversion and then sent to the power grid through the AC mains interface.

[0056] Furthermore, the DC power supply interface supports access to photovoltaic, wind power or generators. The input electrical energy is switched to a DC charging gun to charge electric vehicles through a DC conversion switching unit, or switched to an energy storage battery for storage, or switched to an energy storage converter for inversion and grid connection.

[0057] Furthermore, the DC charging interface is connected to an external DC charging pile, and the energy storage battery is fast-charged via DC conversion switching unit.

[0058] Furthermore, the control unit controls the cooperation between the various components, specifically:

[0059] The control unit is connected to the energy storage converter and controls the energy storage converter to perform AC-DC conversion and configure power-related parameters.

[0060] The control unit is connected to the energy storage battery and controls the energy storage battery to perform charge and discharge conversion, configure power, and acquire SOC and battery temperature related parameters.

[0061] The control unit is connected to the DC-DC conversion switching unit and controls voltage conversion and power switching path selection.

[0062] Please see Figure 2 As a further option in this embodiment of the invention, the working mode includes a manual mode and an automatic mode;

[0063] The manual module includes:

[0064] In DC discharge mode, the system provides electrical energy to external electric vehicles through the DC charging gun.

[0065] It should be noted that when the DC power supply interface is connected to an external power source, such as photovoltaic or wind power, and outputs power, the system prioritizes using this portion of electrical energy. If the external power source cannot meet the charging power requirements of the external electric vehicle, and the system's AC mains interface is connected to the power grid, the remaining power will be supplemented by the mains power; otherwise, the electrical energy stored in the energy storage battery will be used for supplementation. If the SOC of the energy storage battery reaches the set threshold SOCmin, the charging power provided by the system to the external electric vehicle will be reduced until charging stops.

[0066] In DC charging mode, the energy storage battery is quickly recharged through an external DC charging pile connected to the DC charging port.

[0067] It should be noted that when the DC power supply interface is connected to an external power source, such as photovoltaic or wind power, and outputs power, the corresponding electrical energy is simultaneously replenished to the energy storage battery.

[0068] In the AC off-grid discharge mode, the system operates independently of the power grid, and the energy storage battery discharges to the power grid through the AC mains interface, serving as an emergency backup power source.

[0069] It should be noted that when the DC power supply interface is connected to an external power source, such as photovoltaic or wind power, and outputs power, the corresponding electrical energy is synchronously connected to the grid.

[0070] In AC grid-connected mode, the system is connected to the power grid, and the energy storage battery is charged or discharged through the AC mains interface to realize bidirectional flow of electrical energy and balance the grid load through AC grid-connected mode;

[0071] It should be noted that this mode is used to connect surplus electricity to the grid when solar and wind power cannot be locally absorbed and is used for charging external electric vehicles, and the energy storage battery is already full. When the system is not connected to an external DC charging station, this mode is used for regular recharging of the energy storage battery.

[0072] The automatic mode includes:

[0073] In peak-valley mode, according to the periodic strategy of the control unit, during periods of low electricity prices, the energy storage battery automatically charges through the power grid connected to the AC mains interface until the energy storage battery's SOC reaches 100%; during periods of high electricity prices, the energy storage battery automatically discharges into the power grid connected to the AC mains interface until the energy storage battery's SOC reaches the set threshold SOC. min ;

[0074] In this governance mode, the system is used to maintain the voltage stability of the power grid. It periodically collects the AC side voltage through the AC mains interface and compares it with the rated voltage V. grid_rated By comparison, when the grid-side voltage exceeds the threshold, the system automatically performs dynamic power regulation.

[0075] Please see Figure 3 As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the control unit is configured in a governance mode, whereby the system is used to maintain the voltage stability of the microgrid by periodically acquiring the AC side voltage through the AC mains interface and comparing it with the rated voltage V. grid_rated In comparison, when the grid-side voltage exceeds the threshold, the system automatically performs dynamic power regulation, specifically:

[0076] Real-time monitoring of grid voltage V grid ;

[0077] When V grid <V grid_min When this happens, priority is given to reducing the power drawn from the grid and starting the energy storage battery to discharge until the voltage recovers to V. grid_rated or SOC≤SOC min ;

[0078] When V grid >V grid_max When the voltage is restored or the SOC is 100%, the DC discharge mode is activated first to start charging the energy storage battery until the voltage is restored.

[0079] In practical applications, after the system switches from its current operating mode to the governance mode, it will exit the current mode. The actions performed in the current mode will not stop immediately. Energy storage charging and discharging, and external electric vehicle charging will be determined during the operation of the governance mode.

[0080] When the grid voltage drops, the AC side voltage falls below the threshold V.grid_min The system provides power, prioritizing the reduction of charging power obtained from the grid and supplied to external electric vehicles. Secondly, the external power source connected to the DC power supply interface, such as photovoltaic or wind power, is connected to the grid. If voltage stability is still not achieved, the energy storage battery discharges to the grid through the AC mains interface until the AC measured voltage reaches the rated value V. grid_rated Or the SOC of the energy storage battery reaches the set threshold SOC. min Discharge will stop.

[0081] To reduce the charging power obtained from the power grid and supplied to external electric vehicles, the system prioritizes using the energy storage battery to power the external electric vehicles, then reduces the charging power of the external electric vehicles until charging of the external electric vehicles is stopped.

[0082] When the grid voltage rises, the AC side voltage falls below the threshold V. grid_max The system absorbs power and supports synchronous DC discharge mode, prioritizing charging power for external electric vehicles. If voltage stabilization is still not achieved, the system charges the energy storage battery until the AC voltage reaches the rated value V. grid_rated Alternatively, charging will stop when the energy storage battery reaches 100% SOC. Simultaneously, the external power source connected to the DC power supply interface will be prioritized for local consumption; if local consumption is not possible, solar and wind power will be curtailed.

[0083] Please refer to Table 1. The charging and discharging power of the energy storage battery is dynamically adjusted based on a fuzzy PID algorithm, and the output power P of the energy storage converter is... out = f(SOC, T battery V grid The grid voltage is given high priority to ensure grid stability; the SOC and temperature of the energy storage battery are used as constraints to avoid exceeding the safety threshold.

[0084] Specifically, the governance mode uses a fuzzy PID algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power P. out The fuzzy logic part takes the energy storage battery SOC, temperature and grid voltage as inputs. Through fuzzy rule reasoning, a fuzzy control rule table is established, and the PID parameters, including the proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki and derivative coefficient Kd, are adaptively adjusted to optimize the PID control performance and adjust the energy storage power output.

[0085] The values ​​of the above input and output variables are mapped to fuzzy sets [negative large (NB), negative medium (NM), negative small (NS), zero (ZO), positive small (PS), positive medium (PM), positive large (PB)].

[0086] Table 1. Rules for dynamic adjustment of fuzzy PID algorithm

[0087] Grid voltage Energy storage battery SOC Energy storage battery temperature Kp Ki Kd NM / NS / ZO / PS / PM - - ZO ZO ZO - - NB / PB ZO ZO ZO PB PS / PM / PB NS PS PS ZO PB PS ZO PB PB ZO PB PM ZO PM PM PS PB PB ZO PS PS PM PB PS PS PM PM PS PB PM PS PS PS PM PB PB PS ZO ZO PB NB PS - ZO ZO ZO NB PB / PM NM / NS NM NS NM NB PB ZO NB NM NM NB PM ZO NS NM NS NB PB / PM PS / PM NS NS NM

[0088] A. When the grid voltage is within the normal range, the system does not charge or discharge.

[0089] When the system exceeds the normal operating temperature, i.e., when the energy storage battery is in PB or NB state, the system is prohibited from charging and discharging.

[0090] B. When the grid voltage is >440Vac, the system is in PB state and performs energy storage charging. At the same time, the input power is automatically adjusted according to the SOC and temperature of the energy storage battery until the grid voltage is stable at 380Vac.

[0091] (1) PID parameter adjustment under low temperature conditions:

[0092] The Kp parameter is generally set too low, which increases the battery's internal resistance at low temperatures, reduces charging efficiency, and lowers the battery's chemical reaction rate when the SOC is low, thus avoiding excessive current that could damage the battery. As the SOC increases, the chemical reaction rate improves, and the parameter can be increased accordingly, with a value in the middle range. When the SOC is high, the charging power must be strictly limited to avoid overcharging, and the parameter should be reduced.

[0093] The Ki parameter is generally set to be small, which slows down the chemical reaction of the battery at low temperatures. This avoids the possibility that an excessively strong integral effect would lead to an increase in the cumulative charging power and cause a large current overcharge.

[0094] The Kd parameter is generally set to a central value to avoid overshoot.

[0095] (2) PID parameter adjustment under normal temperature conditions:

[0096] The Kp parameter gradually decreases. When the SOC is low, the Kp parameter value is larger to enhance the proportional effect and quickly respond to deviations. As the SOC increases, the Kp parameter decreases accordingly to avoid overcharging. When the SOC is high, the charging power needs to be strictly limited, so the parameter is smaller.

[0097] The Ki parameter gradually decreases. When the SOC is low, the Ki parameter value is relatively large to continuously integrate in order to maintain high charging power and accelerate voltage regulation and SOC improvement. As the SOC increases, the Kp parameter decreases accordingly to avoid the cumulative effect of integration leading to excessively high charging power and prevent overcharging. When the SOC is high, the charging power needs to be strictly limited, so the parameter is relatively small.

[0098] As the Kd parameter gradually increases, when the SOC is low, the Kd parameter remains moderate, prioritizing a fast response and appropriately reducing the suppression of power changes by the derivative. As the SOC increases, the Kd parameter increases accordingly to suppress sudden increases in charging power caused by voltage fluctuations during charging, preventing overcharging. When the SOC is high, the charging power needs to be strictly limited, resulting in a larger parameter.

[0099] (3) Under high temperature conditions, the internal resistance of the battery decreases and the system gain increases. At the same time, under high temperature conditions, the internal heat of the battery accumulates faster and the system may experience temperature feedback lag, leading to overheating. The PID parameters Kp and Ki are adjusted less than those under normal temperature conditions to avoid damage to the device caused by overcharging or overheating due to aggressive parameters. The parameter Kd is adjusted more than those under normal temperature conditions to suppress sudden increases in charging power.

[0100] C. When the grid voltage is <320Vac, the system is in NB state and performs energy storage discharge. At the same time, it automatically adjusts the output power according to the SOC and temperature of the energy storage battery until the grid voltage is stable at 380Vac.

[0101] If the SOC is low at this time, and the system is in PS state, the energy storage will not automatically discharge.

[0102] (1) PID parameter adjustment under low temperature conditions:

[0103] The Kp parameter is generally set in the middle range. At low temperatures, the battery output capability is limited, and the system response may be slow. The Kp parameter is used to improve the system's response speed to errors while ensuring the system's stability.

[0104] The Ki parameter is generally set relatively small. At low temperatures, the chemical reaction of the battery is not active enough. The parameter value is kept small to slowly eliminate steady-state error and prevent the integral term from accumulating excessively, which could lead to overshoot or instability in the system.

[0105] The Kd parameter is set to a moderate value to avoid being overly sensitive to noise and interference at low temperatures.

[0106] (2) PID parameter adjustment under normal temperature conditions:

[0107] As the Kp parameter gradually decreases, when the SOC is high, the battery has sufficient charge to support high-current discharge, so the parameter can be set to a relatively large value to quickly respond to load demands. Subsequently, as the SOC decreases, the parameter gradually decreases.

[0108] The Ki parameter is generally in the middle range. Under normal temperature, the internal reaction of the battery proceeds stably, and the integral effect is appropriately enhanced.

[0109] As the Kd parameter gradually decreases, when the SOC is high, a larger parameter allows the system to more sensitively detect changes in discharge power and make timely adjustments; as the SOC decreases, the parameter decreases accordingly to avoid overshoot or oscillation.

[0110] (3) PID parameter adjustment under high temperature conditions:

[0111] The Kp parameter is generally set to a small value to avoid exacerbating heat generation.

[0112] The Ki parameter is generally set to a small value to prevent the integral adjustment from accumulating too quickly and causing the control quantity to exceed the reasonable range, resulting in system instability or damage to the battery.

[0113] The Kd parameter is generally set to a large value, which suppresses rapid changes in discharge power and stabilizes the discharge power by using a large differential coefficient, so as to avoid excessive heat generation that could affect battery life and safety.

[0114] Furthermore, the control unit is configured with a peak-valley mode, specifically:

[0115] The strategy based on the peak-valley pattern is S={(t1,P1,w1),(t2,P2,w2),…,(t T ,P T ,w T During periods of low electricity prices, power P i >0 charging, during peak hours, P i <0 discharge; charge / discharge weight w i The peak-valley mode is dynamically set based on economic or safety indicators. It should be noted that once the system switches to the peak-valley mode, it will exit the current mode, and all actions performed in the current mode will cease, including energy storage charging and discharging, and external electric vehicle charging.

[0116] Preferably, the control unit is connected to a backend server to enable remote status monitoring and command issuance.

[0117] Preferably, the DC charging gun includes a gun wire plate structure and a gun base plate structure.

[0118] Optionally, the energy storage converter can be replaced by a bidirectional ACDC module;

[0119] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted storage system can be installed in a vehicle, or alternatively, it can be installed in a fixed location.

[0120] In summary, the vehicle-mounted energy storage system proposed in this embodiment of the invention supports an automated energy management mode. The system can automatically monitor the current data of the power grid in real time and dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power of the system through a PID algorithm. It can simultaneously support electric vehicle charging scenarios in the energy management mode, realize the superposition of the two working modes, and enhance the energy management capability.

[0121] If the above functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0122] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-including system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0123] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, because the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0124] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0125] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted energy storage system supporting microgrid power management, characterized in that, include: AC mains interface, used to connect to the power grid and obtain AC power from the grid; Energy storage converter, used to connect to the AC mains interface, to perform bidirectional AC to DC conversion; Energy storage batteries are used for storing electrical energy. The DC-DC conversion switching unit is used to connect the energy storage converter, energy storage battery, DC charging interface, DC power supply interface and DC charging gun respectively, and to control the switching of power path and voltage regulation; The control unit is used to control the collaboration between various components and configure the working mode. The human-machine interface is used to connect to the control unit, obtain system information and display status through the control unit, and switch system modes and set parameters according to the operator's configuration. The operating modes include manual mode and automatic mode; The manual mode includes: In DC discharge mode, the system provides electrical energy to external electric vehicles through the DC charging gun. In DC charging mode, the energy storage battery is quickly recharged via an external DC charging pile connected through the DC charging interface. In the AC off-grid discharge mode, the system operates independently of the power grid, and the energy storage battery discharges to the power grid through the AC mains interface, serving as an emergency backup power source. In AC grid-connected mode, the system is connected to the power grid, and the energy storage battery is charged or discharged through the AC mains interface to realize bidirectional flow of electrical energy and balance the grid load through AC grid-connected mode; The automatic mode includes: In peak-valley mode, according to the periodic strategy of the control unit, when the electricity price is low, the energy storage battery is automatically charged through the power grid connected to the AC mains interface until the energy storage battery SOC reaches 100%; when the electricity price is high, the energy storage battery is automatically discharged to the power grid connected to the AC mains interface until the energy storage battery SOC reaches the set threshold SOCmin. In the governance mode, the system is used to maintain the voltage stability of the power grid. It periodically collects the AC side voltage through the AC mains interface and compares it with the rated voltage Vgrid_rated. When the grid side voltage exceeds the threshold, the system automatically performs dynamic power regulation. The control unit is configured with a governance mode, specifically: Real-time monitoring of grid voltage Vgrid; When Vgrid < Vgrid_min, priority is given to reducing the power drawn from the grid and starting the energy storage battery to discharge until the voltage recovers to Vgrid_rated or SOC ≤ SOCmin; When Vgrid > Vgrid_max, DC discharge mode is enabled first, and the energy storage battery is charged until the voltage is restored or SOC = 100%; The governance mode adopts a fuzzy PID algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power Pout. The input of the fuzzy logic part is the energy storage battery SOC, temperature and grid voltage. Through fuzzy rule reasoning, a fuzzy control rule table is established to adaptively adjust the PID parameters, including the proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki and derivative coefficient Kd, in order to optimize the control performance of the PID and adjust the energy storage power output. The control unit is configured with a peak-valley mode, specifically: Based on the peak-valley pattern strategy S={(t1,P1,w1),(t2,P2,w2),…,(tT,PT,wT)}, charging is performed with power Pi>0 during off-peak hours and discharging with power Pi<0 during peak hours; the charging and discharging weight wi is dynamically set by economic or safety indicators.

2. The vehicle-mounted energy storage system supporting microgrid power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC power supply interface supports access to photovoltaic, wind power or generators. The input electrical energy is switched to a DC charging gun to charge electric vehicles through a DC conversion switching unit, or switched to an energy storage battery for storage, or switched to an energy storage converter for inversion and grid connection.

3. The vehicle-mounted energy storage system supporting microgrid power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC charging interface connects to an external DC charging pile and provides DC fast charging for the energy storage battery through a DC conversion switching unit.

4. The vehicle-mounted energy storage system supporting microgrid power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit controls the cooperation between the various components, specifically: The control unit is connected to the energy storage converter and controls the energy storage converter to perform AC-DC conversion and configure power-related parameters. The control unit is connected to the energy storage battery and controls the energy storage battery to perform charge and discharge conversion, configure power, and acquire SOC and battery temperature related parameters. The control unit is connected to the DC-DC conversion switching unit and controls voltage conversion and power switching path selection.

5. The vehicle-mounted energy storage system supporting microgrid power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit is connected to the backend server to enable remote status monitoring and command issuance.

6. The vehicle-mounted energy storage system supporting microgrid power management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC charging gun includes a gun wire plate structure and a gun base plate structure.

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