Efficient compound foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of foliar fertilizers, and particularly relates to an efficient compound foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing rice leaf fertilizer cannot simultaneously meet the yield increasing requirements of ratooning rice in the first season and the ratooning season. A fertilizer stock solution is prepared from ammonium nitrate and monopotassium phosphate, and the rice recycled material is subjected to degreasing pretreatment and enzymolysis treatment to obtain plant source amino acid; mixing the fertilizer stock solution with water-soluble silicon, humic acid, chelated trace elements and brassinolide, compounding with plant source amino acid to obtain a water-based foliar fertilizer, and performing cross-linking reaction and self-emulsifying treatment to obtain the efficient compound foliar fertilizer. The high-efficiency compound foliar fertilizer provided by the invention can meet the yield increasing requirements of the ratooning rice in the first season and the ratooning season at the same time, and has good application value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of foliar fertilizers, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In rice planting, the use of various fertilizers is one of the important means to improve yield. Among them, the application of foliar fertilizer is an efficient method of delivering nutrients by directly spraying fertilizer on the surface of rice leaves. Foliar fertilizer can be quickly absorbed and utilized by rice, especially in the late growth period of rice, when the root absorption capacity is weakened, foliar fertilizer can serve as an important source of supplementary nutrition. Common foliar fertilizers contain macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients such as zinc, iron, manganese, etc. In addition, some new foliar fertilizers also contain amino acids and biological stimulants in order to achieve better yield-increasing effect. In particular, in the field of ratoon crop planting, the application of foliar fertilizer can effectively improve the yield of ratoon crop and ensure its good quality.

[0003] Although foliar fertilizer has many advantages, its stability is an important technical challenge in practical application. The stability of foliar fertilizer directly affects its effect and service life. The active ingredients in foliar fertilizer are prone to degradation, thereby reducing the biological activity of the fertilizer; in composite foliar fertilizer, the compatibility between components is poor, causing a significant increase in transportation and storage difficulty. Further, the formula of composite foliar fertilizer cannot simultaneously meet the different needs of ratoon crop in the first season and the ratoon season, and cannot simultaneously complete the yield-increasing task of ratoon crop in the first season and the ratoon season.

[0004] At present, the existing rice foliar fertilizer cannot simultaneously meet the yield-increasing needs of ratoon crop in the first season and the ratoon season, which is still an important problem faced by the industry.

[0005] Therefore, a preparation method of high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer is proposed. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. In the present application, ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are used to prepare a fertilizer stock solution, and rice recycling material is subjected to degreasing pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain plant-derived amino acids; the fertilizer stock solution is mixed with water-soluble silicon, humic acid, chelated trace elements and brassinosteroids, and then compounded with plant-derived amino acids to obtain an aqueous foliar fertilizer, and the high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer is obtained through crosslinking reaction and self-emulsification treatment.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A preparation method of high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Unless otherwise specified, the parts in the present application refer to mass parts.

[0010] Ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are dissolved in water, and the pH value is adjusted to 5-6 to obtain a fertilizer stock solution.

[0011] In the fertilizer stock solution, the mass fraction of ammonium nitrate is 6.5-8 wt%, and the mass fraction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 32-33.8 wt%.

[0012] After the rice recycling raw material is cut, it is soaked and washed with a 5 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at 80-100°C for 2 hours, and then washed with water until the pH is less than 7.5 to obtain a recycling precursor.

[0013] The recycling precursor is used as a reaction substrate, and the operating pH value is adjusted to 6-8 at a substrate concentration of 15 wt%. Papain and endoproteinase Asp-N are added at 0.5 wt% and 0.3 wt% of the mass of the reaction system, respectively. The reaction is carried out at a stirring speed of 500-700 rpm and a temperature of 55-60°C for 8 hours. After the reaction is terminated, a plant-derived amino acid is obtained.

[0014] In the recycling material, the rice recycling material includes rice husk, rice bran, and rice straw. The CAS number of papain is 9001-73-4. The CAS number of endoproteinase Asp-N is 9001-92-7.

[0015] To 200 parts of the fertilizer stock solution, 1.7 parts of water-soluble silicon, 2.2 parts of humic acid, 0.8 parts of chelated trace elements, and 1 part of brassinolide are added, and after mixing, a synergistic fertilizer stock solution is obtained.

[0016] 100 parts of the synergistic fertilizer stock solution are mixed with 32 parts of the plant-derived amino acid to obtain an aqueous foliar fertilizer.

[0017] To 200 parts of the aqueous foliar fertilizer, 20 parts of a starch solution are added, and after stirring at a speed of 200 rpm and heating to 50-60°C, 15 parts of a urea borate solution are added. After reacting for 60 min, a slow-release foliar fertilizer is obtained.

[0018] 2-3 parts of the self-emulsifying agent are dissolved in 25 parts of deionized water to obtain a self-emulsifying solution. 150 parts of the slow-release foliar fertilizer are heated to 40°C and stirred at a speed of 500 rpm. 10 parts of the self-emulsifying solution are added, and after continuous stirring for 3 hours, 0.5 parts of xanthan gum are added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly to obtain a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer.

[0019] The self-emulsifying agent includes alkyl polyglycoside and 2,4-dodecadienal, and the mass ratio of alkyl polyglycoside to 2,4-dodecadienal is 1:1.2-1.5. The average molecular weight of the alkyl polyglycoside is 750 g / mol.

[0020] Preferably, the starch solution comprises corn starch and water, wherein the mass fraction of the corn starch is 10 wt%, the average molecular weight of the corn starch raw material is 3.5*10 4 -2.0*10 5 Da.

[0021] Preferably, the water-soluble silicon is potassium silicate; the humic acid comprises potassium humate and sodium humate, wherein the mass ratio of the potassium humate and the sodium humate is 3:1; the chelated trace element comprises amino acid chelated calcium, amino acid chelated iron and amino acid chelated molybdenum, wherein the mass ratio of the amino acid chelated calcium, the amino acid chelated iron and the amino acid chelated molybdenum is 3:1:1-1.5.

[0022] Preferably, the amino acid chelated molybdenum is molybdenum aspartate, the amino acid chelated calcium is calcium lysinate, and the amino acid chelated iron is ferrous glycinate.

[0023] The high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer comprises ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, plant-derived amino acid, water-soluble silicon and brassinolide; the high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer can simultaneously meet the yield-increasing requirements of the first season and the regeneration season of the regenerated rice.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. By introducing ammonium nitrate as a readily available nitrogen source and converting urea into a slow-release nitrogen source through cross-linking reaction, through significant synergistic effect, the required rapid growth of the regenerated rice in the first season is ensured, and at the same time, the nitrogen element supply for the regeneration season is provided, the frequency of topdressing is reduced, and the maximization of nutrient utilization is realized.

[0026] 2. By introducing water-soluble silicon and humic acid, the utilization rate of nutrients by the regenerated rice plant is improved, and the lodging resistance of the regenerated rice plant is enhanced. Further, through synergistic effect of the water-soluble silicon, the humic acid and the plant-derived amino acid, the root activity of the regenerated rice in the regeneration season is significantly improved, and the yield of the regenerated rice in the regeneration season is improved.

[0027] 3. Through the regulating effect of brassinolide and the slow-release nutrient element system constructed by cross-linking reaction, the growth of the regenerated rice in the first season is promoted, the photosynthesis efficiency is improved, the germination and growth of the dormant buds in the regeneration season are effectively stimulated, and the yield of the regenerated rice in the first season and the regeneration season is improved.

[0028] 4. By introducing a self-emulsifying agent into the composite foliar fertilizer product, an optimized self-emulsifying system is constructed through self-emulsifying treatment, the product has high stability during storage and transportation, and after dilution, the product can quickly form a stable emulsion, the penetration and absorption efficiency of various nutrients and functional substances by the leaves of the regenerated rice is significantly improved, and the efficiency of the composite foliar fertilizer product is effectively ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The preparation process flow chart of the high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer in the application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions of the application will be described clearly and completely below through some embodiments and experimental examples. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the application.

[0031] Referring to Figure 1 The application provides a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and the technical solutions are as follows:

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were dissolved in water, and the pH value was adjusted to 5 to obtain a fertilizer stock solution.

[0034] In the fertilizer stock solution, the mass fraction of ammonium nitrate is 6.5 wt%, and the mass fraction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 32 wt%.

[0035] After the rice recycling raw material was cut and soaked and washed with a 5 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at 80℃ for 2 hours, the rice recycling raw material was washed with water until the pH value was less than 7.5 to obtain a recycling precursor.

[0036] The recycling precursor was used as a reaction substrate, and the substrate concentration was adjusted to 15 wt% and the operating pH value was adjusted to 6. Papain and endoproteinase Asp-N were added in an amount of 0.5 wt% and 0.3 wt% of the reaction system, respectively. The reaction was carried out at a stirring speed of 500 rpm and a temperature of 55℃ for 8 hours. After the reaction was terminated, a plant-derived amino acid was obtained.

[0037] The rice recycling material includes rice husk, rice bran and rice straw; the CAS number of papain is 9001-73-4; and the CAS number of endoproteinase Asp-N is 9001-92-7.

[0038] To 200 parts of the fertilizer stock solution, 1.7 parts of water-soluble silicon, 2.2 parts of humic acid, 0.8 parts of chelated trace elements and 1 part of brassinolide were added, and then mixed to obtain a synergistic fertilizer stock solution.

[0039] The water-soluble silicon is potassium silicate; the humic acid includes potassium humate and sodium humate, wherein the mass ratio of the potassium humate and the sodium humate is 3:1; the chelated trace elements include amino acid chelated calcium, amino acid chelated iron and amino acid chelated molybdenum, wherein the mass ratio of the amino acid chelated calcium, the amino acid chelated iron and the amino acid chelated molybdenum is 3:1:1.

[0040] The amino acid chelated molybdenum is molybdenum aspartate, the amino acid chelated calcium is calcium lysinate, and the amino acid chelated iron is ferrous glycinate.

[0041] 100 parts of the original solution of the synergistic fertilizer is mixed with 32 parts of the plant-derived amino acid to obtain the water-based foliar fertilizer.

[0042] 20 parts of the starch solution is added into 200 parts of the water-based foliar fertilizer, and then the stirring speed is kept at 200 rpm and the temperature is heated to 50°C; then 15 parts of the urea boric acid solution is added, and the reaction is carried out for 60 min to obtain the slow-release foliar fertilizer.

[0043] The starch solution includes corn starch and water, wherein the mass fraction of the corn starch is 10wt%, and the average molecular weight of the corn starch raw material is 3.5×10 4 -2.0×10 5 Da.

[0044] 2 parts of the self-emulsifying agent is dissolved in 25 parts of deionized water to obtain a self-emulsifying solution; 150 parts of the slow-release foliar fertilizer is heated to 40°C and stirred at a speed of 500 rpm; then 10 parts of the self-emulsifying solution is added, and the stirring is continued for 3 hours; then 0.5 parts of xanthan gum is added and stirred uniformly to obtain the high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer.

[0045] The self-emulsifying agent includes alkyl polyglycoside and 2,4-dodecadienal, and the mass ratio of the alkyl polyglycoside and the 2,4-dodecadienal is 1:1.2; the average molecular weight of the alkyl polyglycoside is 750g / mol.

[0046] Examples 2-20 are different from Example 1 in the operating parameters, and the process steps are the same. The specific parameter changes are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.

[0047] Table 1 Change of operating parameters of Examples 1-20 (I)

[0048]

[0049] Table 2 Change of operating parameters of Examples 1-20 (II)

[0050]

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] Different from Example 1, the ammonium nitrate is replaced with an equivalent amount of potassium nitrate, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] Different from Example 1, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is replaced with an equivalent amount of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] Different from Example 1, no urea is added in the cross-linking reaction, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] Different from Example 6, no water-soluble silicon is added, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0059] Comparative Example 5

[0060] Different from Example 6, no plant-derived amino acid is added, and an equivalent amount of a mixture of L-leucine, L-isoleucine, and L-valine in a ratio of 1:2:1 is used instead, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0061] Comparative Example 6

[0062] Different from Example 6, no humic acid is added, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0063] Comparative Example 7

[0064] Different from Example 11, no brassinolide is added, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0065] Comparative Example 8

[0066] Different from Example 11, no boric acid and starch solution are added for cross-linking reaction, and urea is directly added, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0067] Comparative Example 9

[0068] Different from Example 16, no self-emulsifying agent is added, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0069] Comparative Example 10

[0070] Different from Example 16, an equivalent amount of Tween 80 is used to replace the self-emulsifying agent, and other process parameters remain unchanged.

[0071] Experimental Example 1

[0072] The composite foliar fertilizer products prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were applied to We Liangyou 8612 in the first season and the regeneration season, and the average plant height (cm) and dry matter accumulation (t / hm 2 ) of the ratoon rice in the tillering stage, the booting stage, the maturity stage in the first season and the maturity stage in the regeneration season were recorded, and the dry matter accumulation (t / hm 2 ) in the full-bloom stage in the regeneration season was recorded, and the results are summarized in Tables 3 and 4.

[0073] Among them, the data are all 1hm 2 The average of the relevant data in the experimental field.

[0074] Table 3 First-season growth data of applying the composite foliar fertilizer products prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0075]

[0076] Table 4 Regeneration-season growth data of applying the composite foliar fertilizer products prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0077]

[0078] As shown in the data in Tables 3 and 4, the plant height and dry matter accumulation of Example 1 in the first season (tillering stage, booting stage, maturity stage) and the regeneration season (full-bloom stage, maturity stage) are all significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, indicating that the composite foliar fertilizer prepared in Example 1 has obvious advantages in promoting the growth of ratoon rice in two seasons and increasing biomass.

[0079] Comparative Example 1 uses potassium nitrate instead of ammonium nitrate, which lacks the rapid start-up effect provided by ammonium nitrogen, resulting in a significant decrease in the growth rate in the first season and subsequent dry matter accumulation; Comparative Example 3 does not add urea in the cross-linking reaction, i.e., it lacks the key component of slow-release nitrogen source, resulting in insufficient nitrogen supply sustainability, especially in the dry matter accumulation in the regeneration season, which is significantly different from Example 1, and the growth in the first season is also significantly affected; Comparative Example 2 uses diammonium hydrogen phosphate instead of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, which changes the form and ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the growth performance is the worst, which also proves the rationality of the original formula of nitrogen and phosphorus composition.

[0080] In summary, the present application introduces ammonium nitrate as a readily available nitrogen source, and converts urea into a slow-release nitrogen source through cross-linking reaction, which produces significant synergies: the readily available nitrogen meets the needs of the rapid growth start-up in the first season, while the slow-release nitrogen provides stable and continuous nitrogen supply in the middle and later stages of the first season and the entire regeneration season. The specific selection of nitrogen sources and the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus, combined with the cross-linking reaction to form a slow-release system, optimizes the supply mode of nitrogen elements throughout the growth period of the regenerated rice, maximizes nutrient utilization, and significantly improves the growth and dry matter accumulation of the regenerated rice in the first season and the regeneration season. While ensuring the needs of rapid growth in the first season of the regenerated rice, it provides a continuous supply of nitrogen elements for the regeneration season, while improving the yield of double cropping.

[0081] Experimental Example 2

[0082] The composite foliar fertilizer products prepared in Examples 6-10 and Comparative Examples 4-6 were applied to the first season and the regeneration season of Weiliangyou 8612 regenerated rice, and the effective ear number (10 4 / hm 2 ) and actual yield (t / hm 2 ) of the first season and the regeneration season were recorded, respectively. The results are summarized in Table 5.

[0083] Among them, the data statistics are the average of the relevant data in the 1hm 2 experimental field.

[0084] Table 5 Effective ear number and actual yield of applying the composite foliar fertilizer products prepared in Examples 6-10 and Comparative Examples 4-6

[0085]

[0086] As shown in the data in Table 5, the effective ear number and actual yield of the first season and the regeneration season of Examples 6-10 were significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6, indicating that the composite foliar fertilizer prepared in the examples has obvious advantages in improving the earing rate and final yield of the regenerated rice in the two seasons.

[0087] Compared with Example 6, the absence of water-soluble silicon in Comparative Example 4 led to a significant decrease in the number of effective spikes and yield in the first season and the regeneration season, indicating that the addition of water-soluble silicon is crucial for improving nutrient utilization and plant health; compared with Example 6, the absence of humic acid in Comparative Example 6 also led to a significant decrease in the number of effective spikes and yield, indicating that humic acid plays an important role in chelating nutrients, improving soil and leaf environment, and promoting absorption; compared with Example 6, the absence of plant-derived amino acids prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of rice recycling materials in Comparative Example 5 led to a decrease in yield, which represents that the plant-derived amino acids prepared by the method of the present application contain complex amino acid species, small molecule peptides and other active substances, and have a synergistic effect with water-soluble silicon and humic acid, especially for improving root activity and final yield in the regeneration season.

[0088] In summary, the specific selection of water-soluble silicon, humic acid and plant-derived amino acids prepared from rice recycling materials by a specific enzymatic hydrolysis process has a significant synergistic effect. Water-soluble silicon and humic acid together improve nutrient utilization and plant health. On this basis, plant-derived amino acids with a specific composition further stimulate the physiological activity of crops, significantly enhancing root activity and growth performance in the regeneration season. The combination of these specific material selection and preparation processes enables the leaf fertilizer product to effectively improve the yield of the two seasons of the regeneration rice.

[0089] Experimental Example 3

[0090] Referring to Experimental Example 2, the composite leaf fertilizer products prepared in Examples 11-15 and Comparative Examples 7-8 were applied to the first season and the regeneration season of Longliangyou 534, and the number of effective spikes (10 4 / hm 2 ) and actual yield (t / hm 2 ) in the first season and the regeneration season were recorded, respectively. The results are summarized in Table 6.

[0091] The data were the average values of the relevant data in 1 hm 2 of experimental field.

[0092] Table 6 Number of effective spikes and actual yield of composite leaf fertilizer products prepared in Examples 11-15 and Comparative Examples 7-8

[0093]

[0094] As shown in the data in Table 6, the number of effective spikes and actual yield in the first season and the regeneration season of Examples 11-15 were significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 8, indicating that the composite leaf fertilizer prepared in the examples has obvious advantages in promoting the formation of spikes and improving the yield of the two seasons of the regeneration rice.

[0095] Compared with Example 11, the brassinolide was absent in Comparative Example 7, which led to a significant decrease in the number of effective spikes and actual yield in the first season and the regeneration season, indicating that the regulation of brassinolide is crucial for promoting growth, improving photosynthetic efficiency, and stimulating the potential of the regeneration season. Compared with Example 11, Comparative Example 8 retained brassinolide, but did not use borax and starch solution to cross-link and slow-release urea, but directly added urea, and the number of effective spikes and actual yield in the regeneration season were much lower than those of Example 11. This shows that the physiological regulation effect of brassinolide needs to be combined with the specific nutrient slow-release system constructed in the present application to fully play its role. The yield-increasing effect will be greatly discounted if only brassinolide is added without a sustained and stable nutrient supply.

[0096] In summary, there is a significant synergistic effect between brassinolide and the nutrient slow-release system constructed by cross-linking reaction. Brassinolide effectively regulates the physiological processes of crops, promotes the growth of the first season, and stimulates the germination and growth of dormant buds in the regeneration season. The slow-release system ensures a sustained and stable nutrient supply during these critical growth stages, enabling the leaf fertilizer product to increase the yield of the first season and the regeneration season of the rice.

[0097] Experimental Example 4

[0098] The composite leaf fertilizer products prepared in Examples 16-20 and Comparative Examples 9-10 were applied to the first season and the regeneration season of Weiliangyou 8612, and the seed setting rate (%) and dry grain weight (g / 1000) of the two seasons were recorded. The results are summarized in Table 7.

[0099] Among them, the data statistics are 1 hm 2 The average value of the relevant data in the experimental field.

[0100] Table 7 Seed setting rate and dry grain weight of applying the composite leaf fertilizer products prepared in Examples 16-20 and Comparative Examples 9-10

[0101]

[0102] As shown in the data in Table 7, the seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight of the first season and the regeneration season of Examples 16-20 were significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Example 10, indicating that the composite leaf fertilizer prepared in the examples has obvious advantages in improving the final yield components of the rice.

[0103] Compared with Example 16, Comparative Example 9 lacks a self-emulsifier, resulting in a significant decrease in the fruit set rate and thousand-grain weight in the first season and the regeneration season. This shows that the self-emulsifying system is crucial to ensuring the stable dispersion and efficient absorption of the effective ingredients of the foliar fertilizer product. The lack of this system will seriously affect the application effect of the product; Compared with Example 16, Comparative Example 10 uses an equal mass of conventional surfactant Tween 80 to replace the combination of the specific alkyl glycoside and 2,4-dodecadienal of the present invention. Although its fruit set rate and thousand-grain weight are better than those of Comparative Example 9, they are still significantly lower than those of Example 16. This shows that the self-emulsifying system constructed by the specific self-emulsifier combination selected in the present invention is superior to conventional surfactants in improving product stability, promoting emulsion formation, and enhancing leaf penetration and absorption efficiency.

[0104] In summary, the present invention introduces a specific self-emulsifying agent combination, namely a specific ratio of alkyl glycoside and 2,4-dodecadienal, and constructs an optimized self-emulsifying system through a specific self-emulsifying treatment process, rather than simply adding a commonly used surfactant. This specific system ensures the high stability of the product during storage, transportation, and dilution, and can quickly form a stable, fine emulsion, thereby significantly improving the penetration and absorption efficiency of regenerated rice leaves for various nutrients and functional substances, thereby ensuring the high efficiency of the composite foliar fertilizer product and increasing the yield of regenerated rice in the first and regeneration seasons.

[0105] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-efficiency compound foliar fertilizer, characterized in that: The preparation method is as follows: Dissolve ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in water and adjust the pH value to 5-6 to obtain a fertilizer stock solution; The rice recycled material is subjected to a defatting pretreatment to obtain a recycled precursor, and the recycled precursor is subjected to an enzymatic hydrolysis treatment to obtain plant-derived amino acids; adding water-soluble silicon, humic acid, chelated trace elements and brassinolide to the fertilizer stock solution, and mixing to obtain a synergistic fertilizer stock solution; Mixing the synergistic fertilizer stock solution with the plant-derived amino acid to obtain a water-based foliar fertilizer; Adding starch solution to the aqueous foliar fertilizer, dripping urea boric acid solution into it, and obtaining a slow-release foliar fertilizer through a cross-linking reaction; The urea-boric acid solution comprises: deionized water, sodium tetraborate decahydrate and urea; the mass ratio of the deionized water, the sodium tetraborate decahydrate and the urea is 100:5:20; A self-emulsifier is added to the slow-release foliar fertilizer, and the high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer is obtained after self-emulsification treatment.

2. The method for preparing a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: In the fertilizer stock solution, the mass fraction of the ammonium nitrate is 6.5-8wt%, and the mass fraction of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 32-33.8wt%.

3. The method for preparing a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The rice recycled material includes rice husks, rice bran, and rice straw. The defatting pretreatment process comprises: chopping the rice recycled material, soaking and rinsing it with a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at 80-100° C., and then fully washing it with water to obtain the recycled precursor. The enzymatic hydrolysis process comprises: using the recycled precursor as a reaction substrate, adjusting the operating pH value to 6-8 at a substrate concentration of 15wt%, adding 0.5wt% of papain and 0.3wt% of endoproteinase Asp-N based on the mass of the reaction system, reacting at a stirring speed of 500-700 rpm and a temperature of 55-60° C. for 8 hours, and terminating the reaction to obtain the plant-derived amino acids.

4. The method for preparing a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The water-soluble silicon is potassium silicate; the humic acid includes potassium humate and sodium humate, wherein the added mass ratio of the potassium humate to the sodium humate is 3:1; the chelated trace elements include amino acid chelated calcium, amino acid chelated iron and amino acid chelated molybdenum, wherein the added mass ratio of the amino acid chelated calcium, the amino acid chelated iron and the amino acid chelated molybdenum is 3:1:1-1.

5.

5. The method for preparing a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The starch solution includes corn starch and water, wherein the mass fraction of the corn starch is 10wt%. The cross-linking reaction process is as follows: adding 20 parts of the starch solution to 200 parts of the aqueous foliar fertilizer by mass, stirring and heating to 50-60° C., adding 15 parts of the urea-boric acid solution, and reacting for 60 minutes to obtain the slow-release foliar fertilizer.

6. The method for preparing a high-efficiency compound foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The self-emulsifier includes an alkyl glycoside and 2,4-dodecadienal, wherein the added mass ratio of the alkyl glycoside to the 2,4-dodecadienal is 1:1.2-1.

5.

7. The method for preparing a high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The self-emulsification treatment process is as follows: dissolving 2-3 parts of the self-emulsifier in 25 parts of deionized water by mass to obtain a self-emulsifying solution; heating the slow-release foliar fertilizer and stirring it, adding the self-emulsifying solution, continuing to stir and then adding xanthan gum to obtain the high-efficiency composite foliar fertilizer.

8. A high-efficiency compound foliar fertilizer, characterized by: The high-efficiency compound foliar fertilizer is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the high-efficiency compound foliar fertilizer comprises: ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, plant-derived amino acids, water-soluble silicon and brassinolide.

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