Scaffold for road and bridge construction

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of road and bridge construction, and discloses a scaffold for road and bridge construction, which comprises a fixing frame, supporting frames are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the fixing frame through screws, and a first working plate assembly is arranged above the fixing frame; the first working plate assembly comprises a hook erected above the supporting frame, a base plate is welded to one end of the hook, and a connecting frame erected above the supporting frame is rotatably arranged on the outer side of the base plate. The first expansion plate and the second expansion plate are arranged, so that constructors can stand on the first expansion plate to conduct construction operation in the construction process, supporting points do not need to be additionally arranged, stable supporting can be completed only through a scaffold, and in the using process, the stretchable triangular stable supporting assembly is only additionally arranged on the operation side; therefore, the situation that constructors are hindered is avoided, and use is more convenient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of road and bridge construction, and specifically relates to a scaffold for road and bridge construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the existing road and bridge construction, the traditional process relies on a large amount of manual operation, and the process is complicated and time-consuming. For example, in the production of bridge precast beams, the template assembly needs to be spliced and calibrated manually block by block. In large-scale bridge construction, it is difficult to quickly meet the engineering progress requirements. In road base paving operations, the paving precision and speed of conventional equipment are limited. In the face of long-distance and wide-width pavement construction, the construction period is easily delayed, and the labor and time costs are increased. The construction of bridge overhead operation protection facilities is complex, and there are many hidden dangers of edge and overhead falling accidents. In road construction, dust, noise pollution and improper treatment of construction waste damage the surrounding ecological environment. The traditional construction has poor adaptability to environmental protection requirements and does not meet the development trend of green construction.

[0003] A bridge road and building construction anti-toppling scaffold and construction method disclosed in CN116816054A includes two supporting frames and a carrying frame, the carrying frame is fixedly installed at one end of the top of the two supporting frames, a protective fence is fixedly installed at one end of the top of the carrying frame, three standing plates are arranged in the carrying frame, and a limiting frame is arranged in the carrying frame and cooperates with the three standing plates; A bridge road and building construction anti-toppling scaffold and construction method disclosed in CN111877718A includes a bottom plate and a carrying plate, the bottom plate is located below the carrying plate, the lower end of the carrying plate is fixedly connected with the upper end of the bottom plate through four connecting pipes, reinforcing blocks are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the four connecting pipes, a reinforcing mechanism is arranged at the lower end of each reinforcing block, a carrying groove is arranged at the upper end of the carrying plate, a trigger mechanism is arranged in the carrying groove, a stabilizing mechanism that cooperates with the trigger mechanism is arranged in the four connecting pipes, and a filter cavity is arranged in each reinforcing block The two bridge road and building construction anti-toppling scaffolds and construction methods described above are all provided with a triangular structure at the bottom during use, and the stability of the scaffolds used by construction personnel during construction is provided by the stability of the triangle. However, the stability of the scaffolds can meet the use in actual use and operation, the triangular structure strengthens the stability of the center of gravity of the scaffold during construction, but the range of road and bridge construction is limited, the use of the triangular structure affects the movement of passing personnel, and when the road and bridge construction is performed, the main standing plate structure located above is used for construction personnel to stand on, and part of the road and bridge ground is uneven or has no placement condition, so that the road needs to be leveled for use, thereby affecting the construction progress of the road and bridge.

[0004] Therefore, the scaffold for road and bridge construction is provided for the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems in the background art, the present application provides a scaffold for road and bridge construction, which has a half-edge triangular positioning structure to avoid affecting the movement of passing construction personnel, and can provide an expandable expansion board for construction personnel to stand on, thereby ensuring the progress of construction.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a scaffold for road and bridge construction, comprising a fixed frame, a support frame is fixed around the fixed frame by screws, and a working board assembly one is arranged above the fixed frame; The working board assembly one comprises a hook arranged above the support frame, one end of the hook is welded with a pad, the outer side of the pad is rotatably provided with a connecting frame arranged above the support frame, the other end of the connecting frame is fixedly provided with an expansion board one, the bottom end of the fixed frame is provided with a reinforcing assembly, and the outer side of the fixed frame is provided with an auxiliary lifting assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the other end of the hook is fixedly provided with a positioning column, and an insertion rod is inserted into the positioning column and is in contact with the support frame.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom end of the pad and the bottom end of the expansion board one are both fixedly provided with a positioning ring, a horizontal rod is inserted into the positioning ring, a guide groove is formed in the horizontal rod, a guide plate is slidably arranged in the horizontal rod, and the guide plate is fixedly arranged with the positioning ring at the bottom end of the pad.

[0009] Preferably, the reinforcing assembly comprises a bottom plate welded with the bottom end of the fixed frame, a stretching plate is slidably arranged in the bottom plate, an inner plate is inserted into the stretching plate and is fixed with the bottom plate, positioning insertion holes are formed in the surfaces of the stretching plate and the inner plate, and a positioning lock is inserted into the bottom plate.

[0010] Preferably, a buckle is slidably arranged on the outer side of the bottom plate, a support short leg is welded to the top end of the buckle and is welded with the fixed frame, and a side frame is slidably arranged in the buckle and is welded with the bottom plate.

[0011] Preferably, a telescopic inclined strut is rotatably arranged on the outer side of the support short leg and is rotatably arranged with the stretching plate, and the end of the stretching plate is provided as a square structure.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the pad is additionally provided with a working board assembly two; The workboard assembly two includes guide rails fixed with the base plate, guide frames slidingly arranged outside the guide rails, expansion plates two welded at the top ends of the guide frames, deflection frames rotatably arranged at the other ends of the expansion plates two, lifting frames rotatably arranged at the other ends of the deflection frames, screw rods penetrating through the lifting frames, vertical frames integrally arranged at the bottom ends of the screw rods and welded with the support frames, and support nuts helically arranged outside the screw rods and abutting against the lifting frames.

[0013] Preferably, pulleys are rotatably arranged inside the guide frames at both sides of the bottom ends of the guide frames and abut against the surface of the base plate.

[0014] Preferably, the auxiliary lifting assembly includes a central shaft welded with the support frame, a rotating ring rotatably arranged outside the central shaft, a pull rod welded at one side of the rotating ring, a lifting rod welded at the other side of the rotating ring, and a placing bar rotatably arranged at the other end of the lifting rod.

[0015] Preferably, a fastening cap is helically arranged at the end of the central shaft and abuts against the surface of the rotating ring, a sliding ring is slidingly arranged with the central shaft and abuts against the surface of the rotating ring, and a spring is abuttingly arranged outside the sliding ring and sleeved with the central shaft.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The workboard assembly one and the reinforcing assembly of the present application increase the standing space that can be expanded for overturning, so that the construction personnel can stand on the expansion plate one and perform construction operation during the construction process, without the need of additional support points, but only relying on the scaffold to complete stable support, and only increasing the stretchable triangular stable support assembly on the operation side during use, thereby avoiding the situation of hindering the construction personnel to and fro, and using more conveniently.

[0017] 2. The expansion structure design of the workboard assembly two can provide the sliding expansion opening structure different from the workboard assembly one, so as to facilitate the construction personnel to quickly open and perform standing construction operation environment.

[0018] 3. The placing bar structure design that can be deflected in the auxiliary lifting assembly of the present application can put the tools needed to be used into the inside of the placing bar during the construction process, and lift the tools in the inside of the placing bar by rotating, so as to facilitate the construction personnel on the base plate to take and use, thereby avoiding the risk of falling during delivery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the workboard assembly two of the present application; Figure 3 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the workboard assembly 1 of the present application; Figure 4 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the crossbar of the present application; Figure 5 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the A of the present application; Figure 1 Figure 6 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the reinforcing assembly of the present application; Figure 7 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the support short leg of the present application; Figure 8 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the workboard assembly 2 of the present application; Figure 9 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the cushion plate 2 of the present application; Figure 10 Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the auxiliary lifting assembly of the present application.

[0020] In the figure: 1, fixed frame; 2, support frame; 3, workboard assembly 1; 31, cushion plate; 32, hook; 33, positioning column; 34, insertion rod; 35, extension plate 1; 36, crossbar; 37, positioning ring; 38, guide plate; 39, connecting frame; 4, reinforcing assembly; 41, bottom plate; 42, stretching plate; 43, positioning lock catch; 44, inner plate; 45, side frame; 46, buckle; 47, support short leg; 48, telescopic inclined strut; 5, workboard assembly 2; 51, extension plate 2; 52, guide rail; 53, guide frame; 54, pulley; 55, deflection frame; 56, lifting frame; 57, screw rod; 58, support nut; 59, vertical frame; 6, auxiliary lifting assembly; 61, central shaft; 62, spring; 63, sliding ring; 64, fastening cap; 65, rotating ring; 66, pull rod; 67, lifting rod; 68, placement rail.

[0021] As shown in the figure, in order to clearly realize the structure of the embodiments of the present application, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure, but this is only for the need of illustration, and is not intended to limit the present application in the specific structure, device and environment, and those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environment according to specific needs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] ​With reference to the drawings and embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", etc. in the description mean that the described embodiments can include a particular feature, structure or characteristic, but not necessarily every embodiment. In addition, when a particular feature, structure or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it should be understood that it can be implemented in connection with other embodiments, whether or not it is explicitly described.

[0024] As shown in Figures 1 to 10 The present application provides a scaffold for road and bridge construction, which comprises a fixing frame 1, a support frame 2 is arranged around the fixing frame 1 and fixed by screws, the fixing frame 1 is reinforced, and a working plate assembly 3 is arranged above the fixing frame 1. The working plate assembly 3 comprises a hook 32 arranged above the support frame 2, one end of the hook 32 is welded with a pad 31, the pad 31 is connected to the outer side of the upper rod of the support frame 2 by the hook 32 for positioning, a connecting frame 39 is arranged above the support frame 2 on the outer side of the pad 31, the other end of the connecting frame 39 is fixed with an extension plate 35, the extension plate 35 can provide a space for standing, the extended space is convenient for the construction personnel to stand and work, and the construction range is increased, the bottom end of the fixing frame 1 is provided with a reinforcing assembly 4, and the outer side of the fixing frame 1 is provided with an auxiliary lifting assembly 6, so as to facilitate the transfer of construction tools.

[0025] Specifically, the other end of the hook 32 is fixed with a positioning column 33, the positioning column 33 is penetrated by an insertion rod 34 which is attached to the support frame 2, the insertion rod 34 can be inserted into the positioning column 33 and positioned to the outer side of the support frame 2, the bottom end of the pad 31 and the bottom end of the extension plate 35 are both fixed with a positioning ring 37, the positioning ring 37 is inserted with a cross rod 36, the cross rod 36 is provided with a guide groove in the inside, a guide plate 38 is slidably arranged in the inside of the cross rod 36 and fixed with the positioning ring 37 at the bottom end of the pad 31, the cross rod 36 is inserted into the positioning ring 37 below the extension plate 35 after being stretched and opened, the extension plate 35 is positioned and kept stable, and the guide groove guides the movement of the guide plate 38 in the positioning ring 37 below the pad 31, so as to keep the movement of the cross rod 36 stable.

[0026] The reinforcing assembly 4 comprises a bottom plate 41 welded at the bottom end of the fixing frame 1, a stretching plate 42 slidably arranged inside the bottom plate 41, an inner plate 44 fixedly arranged inside the stretching plate 42, the stretching plate 42 being more stable in movement and deviation by the inner plate 44, the surfaces of the stretching plate 42 and the inner plate 44 being provided with positioning insertion holes, and the inside of the positioning insertion holes being provided with a positioning lock 43 tightly pressed against the bottom plate 41, the positioning lock 43 being inserted into the inside of the stretching plate 42 to complete positioning, increase the bottom support range, and make the positioning more stable, the outer side of the bottom plate 41 being slidably provided with a buckle 46, the top end of the buckle 46 being welded with a support short leg 47 welded with the fixing frame 1, the inside of the buckle 46 being slidably provided with a side frame 45 welded with the bottom plate 41, the outer side of the support short leg 47 being rotatably provided with an extension inclined support 48 rotatably arranged with the stretching plate 42, the end of the stretching plate 42 being provided with a square structure, and the extension inclined support 48 forming a triangular support structure with the stretching plate 42 to stably position and support.

[0027] The surface of the backing plate 31 is further provided with a workboard assembly two 5. The workboard assembly two 5 comprises a guide rail 52 fixedly arranged with the backing plate 31, a guide frame 53 slidably arranged at the outer side of the guide rail 52, an expansion plate two 51 welded at the top end of the guide frame 53, the expansion plate two 51 being movable at the outer side of the guide rail 52 to stably expand, the other end of the expansion plate two 51 being rotatably provided with a deflection frame 55, the other end of the deflection frame 55 being rotatably provided with a lifting frame 56, a screw rod 57 being penetratingly arranged inside the lifting frame 56, the bottom end of the screw rod 57 being integrally provided with a vertical frame 59 welded with the support frame 2, the outer side of the screw rod 57 being spirally provided with a support nut 58 abutting against the lifting frame 56, the support nut 58 being rotatable at the outer side of the screw rod 57 to support the lifting frame 56, thereby supporting the upper expansion plate two 51 and supporting it at different angles to meet the use in a narrow space, the bottom end of the guide frame 53 being rotatably provided with a pulley 54 abutting against the surface of the backing plate 31 at both sides inside the bottom end, the pulley 54 being designed to reduce friction and be more convenient to open.

[0028] The auxiliary lifting assembly 6 comprises a center shaft 61 welded with the support frame 2, a rotating ring 65 rotatably arranged on the outer side of the center shaft 61, a pull rod 66 welded on one side of the rotating ring 65, a lifting rod 67 welded on the other side of the rotating ring 65, a placing rail 68 rotatably arranged on the other end of the lifting rod 67, a fastening cap 64 screwedly arranged on the end of the center shaft 61 and abutting against the surface of the rotating ring 65, the rotating fastening cap 64 is used for positioning and mounting the rotating ring 65, a sliding ring 63 is abuttingly arranged on the surface of the rotating ring 65 and is slidably arranged with the center shaft 61, a spring 62 is abuttingly arranged on the outer side of the sliding ring 63 and is sleeved with the center shaft 61, the structure of the spring 62 can push the sliding ring 63 to abut against the rotating ring 65, so that the repeated shaking is prevented, and the pull rod 66 and the lifting rod 67 are formed into an angle of 120°, so that the placing rail 68 is conveniently rotated and lifted.

[0029] The working principle of the technical scheme provided by the present application is as follows: The fixed frame 1 is placed on a flat foundation, the support frame 2 is fixed around the fixed frame 1 by screws to form a frame structure, the stretching plate 42 of the reinforcing assembly 4 is unfolded and slid out from the inner plate 41 to a suitable length, the length of the stretching plate 42 is fixed by inserting the positioning lock buckle 43 into the positioning insertion hole of the stretching plate 42 and the inner plate 44, the sliding buckle 46 is sleeved on the outer side of the side frame 45, the support short leg 47 is welded and fixed with the fixed frame 1, the telescopic inclined support 48 is rotated to connect one end of the telescopic inclined support 48 with the stretching plate 42 and support the other end of the telescopic inclined support 48 on the support short leg 47 to form a triangular reinforcing structure and enhance the stability of the scaffold bottom.

[0030] The hook 32 is arranged on the top end of the support frame 2, the positioning column 33 is inserted into the corresponding hole position of the support frame 2, and the hook 32 is fixed by penetrating the positioning column 33 through the insertion rod 34, the connecting frame 39 is rotated to be arranged on another support frame 2, the expansion plate one 35 is unfolded with the connecting frame 39, the pad 31 and the expansion plate one 35 are connected by penetrating the pad 31 and the expansion plate one 35 into the positioning ring 37 through the cross rod 36, the guide plate 38 is slid in the guide groove of the cross rod 36 to ensure that the pad 31 and the expansion plate one 35 are horizontally aligned to form a basic working platform.

[0031] The guide frame 53 is slid along the guide rail 52 to drive the expansion plate two 51 to extend outward, the pulley 54 rolls on the surface of the pad 31 to reduce friction, the deflection frame 55 is rotated to adjust the angle of the expansion plate two 51 (such as adapting to the arc of the bridge), the rotating screw 57 is rotated to drive the lifting frame 56 to move up and down along the vertical frame 59, the support nut 58 fixes the height of the lifting frame 56 to ensure that the expansion plate two 51 and the pad 31 are kept horizontal to form a multi-layer expansion platform.

[0032] Loosen the fastening cap 64, rotate the rotating ring 65 outside the central shaft 61, and rotate the pull rod 66 and the lifting rod 67 around the central shaft 61. The placement bar 68 at the end of the lifting rod 67 can hook the construction materials (such as steel bars and formworks). The sliding ring 63 is tightly attached to the rotating ring 65 under the action of the spring 62, providing damping force to prevent the placement bar 68 from rotating accidentally. After the materials are lifted to the working platform height, tighten the fastening cap 64 against the rotating ring 65, and manually move the materials to the platform. When the surface of the bridge is curved, adjust the deflection frame 55 of the working plate assembly two to make the extension plate two 51 fit the curvature of the bridge, and adjust the height of the lifting frame 56 through the screw rod 57 to ensure that the distance between the platform and the surface of the bridge is consistent. The extension plate two 51 can be deflected to different angles to meet the construction needs of different spaces.

[0033] Pull out the insertion rod 34, remove the hook 32 and the positioning column 33, and fold the connecting frame 39 to make the extension plate one 35 fit the pad 31. Loosen the support nut 58, lower the lifting frame 56, and slide the guide frame 53 to make the extension plate two 51 retract to the inside of the guide rail 52, reducing the occupied space. Loosen the positioning lock 43, retract the stretching plate 42 into the bottom plate 41, and detach the connection between the telescopic diagonal brace 48 and the support short leg 47. If short-distance movement is needed, the lifting rod 67 of the auxiliary lifting assembly can be used to hook one corner of the scaffold, and the fixed frame 1 can be manually pushed to move. For long-distance transportation, the fixed frame 1, the support frame 2, and other modular components can be disassembled for loading and transportation. The triangular support structure (bottom plate 41 + stretching plate 42 + telescopic diagonal brace 48) of the reinforcement assembly 4 converts the overturning moment of the scaffold into axial pressure, keeping it stable. The hook 32 is fixed by the insertion rod 34, the positioning column 33, and the support frame 2 to prevent the working platform from falling off. The pad 31 and the extension plate one 35 are provided with anti-slip textures on their surfaces. The guide plate 38 provides a buffer when sliding in the crossbar 36, preventing the platform from shaking. The spring 62 and the sliding ring 63 of the auxiliary lifting assembly are combined to prevent the placement bar 68 from suddenly falling, ensuring the safety of material transportation.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the present document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0035] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A scaffold for road and bridge construction, comprising a fixed frame (1), characterized in that: The fixing frame (1) is fixed with support frames (2) on all four sides by screws, and a working plate assembly (3) is provided above the fixing frame (1); The working plate assembly (3) includes a hook (32) mounted above the support frame (2), one end of the hook (32) is welded with a pad (31), the outer side of the pad (31) is rotatably provided with a connecting frame (39) mounted above the support frame (2), the other end of the connecting frame (39) is fixed with an expansion plate (35), the bottom end of the fixing frame (1) is provided with a reinforcement assembly (4), and the upper outer side of the fixing frame (1) is provided with an auxiliary lifting assembly (6).

2. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning column (33) is fixedly provided at the other end of the hook (32), and an insertion rod (34) that fits the support frame (2) passes through the interior of the positioning column (33).

3. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning ring (37) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the pad (31) and the bottom end of the expansion plate (35), and a cross bar (36) is inserted into the interior of the positioning ring (37). A guide groove is provided inside the cross bar (36), and a guide plate (38) is slidably provided inside the cross bar and fixed to the positioning ring (37) at the bottom end of the pad (31).

4. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement assembly (4) includes a bottom plate (41) welded to the bottom end of the fixing frame (1), a stretching plate (42) is slidably provided inside the bottom plate (41), an inner plate (44) fixed to the bottom plate (41) is plugged into the inside of the stretching plate (42), and positioning holes are provided on the surface of the stretching plate (42) and the surface of the inner plate (44), and a positioning lock (43) is plugged into the inside of the stretching plate (42) and pressed against the bottom plate (41).

5. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the bottom plate (41) is provided with a snap fastener (46) for sliding, the top end of the snap fastener (46) is welded with a short support leg (47) welded to the fixing frame (1), and the inner side of the snap fastener (46) is provided with a side frame (45) welded to the bottom plate (41) for sliding.

6. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the supporting short leg (47) is provided with a telescopic diagonal brace (48) which is rotatably arranged with the stretching plate (42), and the end of the stretching plate (42) is provided with a square structure.

7. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second working plate assembly (5) is further provided on the surface of the backing plate (31); The working plate assembly 2 (5) includes a guide rail (52) fixed to the pad (31), a guide frame (53) is slidably provided on the outer side of the guide rail (52), an extension plate 2 (51) is welded to the top end of the guide frame (53), a deflection frame (55) is rotatably provided on the other end of the extension plate 2 (51), a lifting frame (56) is rotatably provided on the other end of the deflection frame (55), a screw (57) is passed through the interior of the lifting frame (56), a vertical frame (59) welded to the support frame (2) is integrally provided at the bottom end of the screw (57), and a support nut (58) is spirally provided on the outer side of the screw (57) and fits the lifting frame (56).

8. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: Pulleys (54) that are rotatably provided on both sides of the bottom end of the guide frame (53) and are in contact with the surface of the pad (31).

9. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary lifting assembly (6) includes a central shaft (61) welded to the support frame (2), a rotating ring (65) is rotatably provided on the outer side of the central shaft (61), a pull rod (66) is welded to one side of the rotating ring (65), a lifting rod (67) is welded to the other side of the rotating ring (65), and a placement bar (68) is rotatably provided on the other end of the lifting rod (67).

10. A scaffold for road and bridge construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end spiral of the central shaft (61) is provided with a fastening cap (64) that is in contact with the surface of the rotating ring (65); the surface of the rotating ring (65) is provided with a sliding ring (63) that is slidably arranged with the central shaft (61); the outer side of the sliding ring (63) is provided with a spring (62) that is sleeved with the central shaft (61).

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