Tunnel construction trolley and drilling and blasting construction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tunneling, and particularly provides a tunnel construction trolley and a drilling and blasting construction method. The trolley comprises a door-shaped rack, the rack is provided with at least one drilling arm capable of moving front and back, the drilling arm is provided with a drilling machine capable of drilling blast holes forwards and drilling anchor rod holes in the radial direction, the rack is further provided with an anchor rod mounting arm capable of moving front and back, and the anchor rod mounting arm is provided with a propelling beam. And when the drill arm forwards drills the shot hole, the anchor rod is pushed into the anchor rod hole to be installed. According to the method, after a drill arm of a construction trolley completes radial drilling of an anchor rod hole, an anchor rod is installed in the anchor rod hole through an anchor rod installation arm, and in the anchor rod installation process, the drill arm synchronously conducts shot hole drilling operation of the next cycle. On one hand, the tunnel wall can be timely supported, the construction safety is improved, on the other hand, the shot hole drilling process and the anchor rod mounting process are synchronously and parallelly constructed, and the construction efficiency can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of tunnel excavation, and particularly relates to a tunnel construction trolley and a drill-and-blast construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] When a small-section tunnel such as a single-track railway tunnel is constructed by using the drill-and-blast method, the relevant drilling, charging, slag removal, arch erection, anchor rod drilling, and shotcreting processes are still manually performed. Some projects are located in high-altitude, low-oxygen, and low-temperature areas, and when construction is performed in the above-mentioned areas, there are problems such as high labor intensity, high safety risk, and low construction efficiency.

[0003] In fact, the corresponding supporting equipment suitable for the drill-and-blast method, such as rock drilling trolleys, charging trolleys, arch trolleys, and anchor rod trolleys, are already relatively mature. However, because different equipment is responsible for different processes, there are problems such as high construction organization difficulty, long time for error correction and scheduling, and low efficiency. In particular, for the construction of small-section tunnels, the problem of low construction efficiency using supporting equipment is particularly prominent.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, in recent years, some multifunctional construction trolleys integrated with different functions have appeared to realize "one machine with multiple functions". For example, the patent application with the application publication number CN113530552A discloses a tunnel comprehensive excavation trolley, which includes a door-shaped trolley frame, the trolley frame is provided with a running structure at the bottom, and the space below the trolley frame can be used for the passage of other vehicles such as a slag removal vehicle. The trolley frame is integrated with a working arm, an arch installation vehicle, an arch transportation vehicle, and a splicing manipulator. The working arm can quickly replace a rock drill, a wet sprayer, a milling machine, and the like. During construction, the same trolley can complete the drilling of a blast hole, the installation of an arch, the drilling of an anchor rod hole, the wet spraying of concrete, and the like, and has high integration.

[0005] In order to improve the safety of the tunnel construction process, especially for the position of the tunnel vault, it is necessary to timely perform anchor rod support. The above-mentioned tunnel comprehensive excavation trolley only discloses a method of drilling and punching a radial anchor rod hole using a rock drill, and does not mention the specific installation process of the radial anchor rod. In fact, when a multifunctional integrated trolley is used for small-section tunnel construction, how to improve the anchor rod support and the overall construction efficiency is still a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a tunnel construction trolley to solve the technical problem of low anchor rod support and overall construction efficiency in the prior art. The purpose of the present application is also to provide a drill-and-blast construction method to solve the same technical problem.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the tunnel construction trolley provided by the present application is as follows: A tunnel construction trolley comprises a portal frame, at least one drill arm movable forward and backward on the portal frame, a drill mounted on the drill arm for drilling a blast hole forward and a radial anchor hole, and an anchor rod installation arm movable forward and backward on the portal frame, a pushing beam mounted on the anchor rod installation arm for pushing an anchor rod into the anchor hole when the drill arm drills the blast hole forward.

[0008] As a further improvement, two drill arms are arranged side by side on the trolley, and the anchor rod installation arm is arranged between the two drill arms.

[0009] As a further improvement, each drill arm and the anchor rod installation arm is respectively provided with an independent forward and backward translation mechanism.

[0010] As a further improvement, the portal frame is provided with a first layer platform and a second layer platform arranged vertically, the first layer platform is arranged at the top end of the portal frame, the drill arm is arranged on the second layer platform, and the first layer platform is provided with an arch frame transport arm movable forward and backward for transporting an arch frame forward.

[0011] As a further improvement, the front end of the second layer platform is provided with a hanging basket for providing a working space for personnel, and the front end of the first layer platform is extended forward to a position that satisfies a vertical projection covering the hanging basket.

[0012] As a further improvement, the front end of the second layer platform is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the hanging basket is mounted on the lifting output end of the lifting mechanism.

[0013] As a further improvement, the first layer platform is provided with three arch frame transport arms arranged in the left-right direction, the three arch frame transport arms are respectively a left arch frame transport arm, a middle arch frame transport arm, and a right arch frame transport arm, each arch frame transport arm is respectively provided with an independent forward and backward translation mechanism, and the left arch frame transport arm and the right arch frame transport arm are respectively provided with a winch crane for lifting an arch frame.

[0014] As a further improvement, the left arch frame transport arm and the right arch frame transport arm each comprise a rotary column with a vertical rotary axis, a main arm pivotally connected to the rotary column and pivotable in a pitching manner, a gripper arm pivotally connected to the main arm and pivotable in a pitching manner, and an arch frame gripper mounted on the gripper arm for gripping the arch frame lifted by the winch crane.

[0015] As a further improvement, the middle arch frame transport arm is provided with an assembly arm pivotable in a pitching manner, and the assembly arm is provided with an assembly gripper for gripping the arch frame sent by the left arch frame transport arm and / or the right arch frame transport arm.

[0016] As a further improvement, the portal frame is respectively provided with a side arch assembly mechanical arm movable forward and backward on the left and right sides between the first layer platform and the second layer platform, for respectively receiving the arch frame sent by the left arch frame transport arm and the right arch frame transport arm and adjusting the posture of the arch frame to complete assembly.

[0017] This invention is an improvement, and its beneficial effect is that during construction, the tunnel construction trolley of the present invention can be used to drill anchor holes while the drill arm used to drill blastholes can also be used to drill anchor holes, achieving "multiple uses with one drill." The tunnel construction trolley is also equipped with an anchor installation arm, which can push anchors into the anchor holes while the drill arm advances to drill the blastholes. This allows for simultaneous drilling of blastholes and installation of anchors, which not only provides timely support for the tunnel walls and improves construction safety, but also allows for simultaneous and parallel execution of the blasthole drilling and anchor installation processes, thereby increasing construction efficiency.

[0018] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the drilling and blasting construction method provided by the present invention is: A drilling and blasting construction method, in which after the drill arm of the construction trolley completes radial drilling of the anchor hole, the anchor is installed in the anchor hole using the anchor installation arm. During the anchor installation process, the drill arm synchronously performs the next cycle of blasthole drilling operations.

[0019] As a further improvement, completing the radial drilling of the anchor holes refers to completing the drilling of the top anchor holes.

[0020] As a further improvement, during the process of radially drilling anchor holes and / or installing anchors, the arch frame is synchronously assembled on the construction trolley.

[0021] This invention is a groundbreaking creation with the following beneficial effects: During construction, the drill boom used to drill blastholes can also perform anchor bolt installation operations, achieving "multi-purpose drilling." Furthermore, as the drill boom advances to drill the blastholes, the anchor bolt installation arm automatically advances and installs the anchor bolt into the hole. This allows for simultaneous blasthole drilling and anchor bolt installation, providing timely support for the tunnel wall and improving construction safety. Furthermore, the simultaneous and parallel execution of the blasthole drilling and anchor bolt installation processes also improves construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A perspective view of an embodiment of a tunnel construction trolley according to the present invention from one viewing angle; Figure 2 A perspective view of an embodiment of the tunnel construction trolley of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 A perspective view of an embodiment of the tunnel construction trolley of the present invention from another viewing angle; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the frame structure of the tunnel construction trolley in the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle left arch transport arm; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the tunnel construction trolley embodiment of the present invention in a tunnel.

[0023] Reference signs: 1, gantry; 2, drill arm; 3, anchor rod installation arm; 4, anchor rod drill; 5, right arch transport arm; 6, left arch transport arm; 7, middle arch transport arm; 8, hanging basket; 9, high-pressure air system; 10, side arch assembly mechanical arm; 11, control cabinet; 12, cable reel; 13, ladder; 14, accelerator system; 15, first front-back translation mechanism; 16, second front-back translation mechanism; 17, third front-back translation mechanism; 18, hanging basket lifting mechanism; 19, water cable reel; 101, first layer platform; 102, second layer platform; 103, third layer platform; 104, lifting leg; 601, rotary table; 602, rotary column; 603, winch crane; 604, main arm; 605, first luffing oil cylinder; 606, second luffing oil cylinder; 607, gripper arm; 608, arch gripper; 701, assembly gripper; 100, concrete tank truck; 200, pump truck; 300, wet spraying machine; 400, muck truck; 500, muck remover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to support the anchor rod in time and ensure high construction efficiency, the basic technical concept of the present application is to configure a drill arm capable of drilling a blast hole and an anchor rod hole on the construction trolley and an anchor rod installation arm for installing an anchor rod in the anchor rod hole. After the drill arm completes drilling of the anchor rod hole, the next cycle of blast hole drilling operation can be directly started, at which time the anchor rod installation arm can simultaneously perform anchor rod installation operation, so that timely anchor rod support can be realized near the working face, and the collaborative operation of different processes can also ensure high overall construction efficiency.

[0025] Based on the above concept, the present application will be further described in detail in combination with different embodiments.

[0026] The specific embodiment of the tunnel construction trolley provided by the present application is as follows: The tunnel construction trolley provided by the present embodiment is as shown in Figures 1-4 It includes a gantry 1, which is a door-shaped structure. The space inside the gantry 1 can be passed through by personnel and equipment during construction. Similarly, the gantry 1 is provided with a running mechanism at the bottom, for example, a caterpillar running mechanism, so that the trolley can move forward and backward during construction. It is well known in the art that the end of the trolley closer to the working face during construction is the front end, and the front-back direction is also the direction of travel of the trolley.

[0027] The gantry 1 is provided with a drill arm 2. Most fundamentally, there should be at least one drill arm 2. The drill arm 2 can move forward and backward, and specifically can be mounted on the gantry 1 via a forward and backward translation mechanism capable of forward and backward movement. During construction, the drill arm 2 can move forward to drill blastholes at different locations on the tunnel face. In addition to drilling blastholes, the drill arm 2 also has the function of drilling anchor holes radially along the tunnel. Specifically, the drill arm 2 is a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm with a drilling rig at its output end. The specific structure can be consistent with the drill arm 2 configured on a drilling rig in the prior art and is not specifically limited here.

[0028] During the construction process, after the previous cycle of blasting is completed, the trolley can be moved to the position of the tunnel face, the drill arm 2 is adjusted to the tunnel radial direction, and the drilling operation of the radial anchor hole is started.

[0029] The platform 1 is also provided with an anchor rod installation arm 3, which can also move forward and backward. For example, it can be installed on the platform 1 by a forward and backward translation mechanism that can move forward and backward. The function of the anchor rod installation arm 3 is to install the anchor rod. Most basically, it should have a propulsion beam that can propel the anchor rod into the anchor rod installation hole. The specific embodiment can also adopt existing technology, such as the anchor rod arm on the anchor rod trolley.

[0030] During the construction process, after the drilling arm 2 completes the drilling of the radial anchor hole, it can directly carry out the drilling of the blasthole hole of the next cycle. At the same time, the anchor installation arm 3 can synchronously carry out the anchor operation and install the anchor in the anchor hole.

[0031] Based on the above introduction, this embodiment has at least the following technical effects: ① Using boom 2 to drill radial anchor holes allows the holes to be placed closer to the tunnel face, enabling timely support and improving construction safety. ② During anchor installation, boom 2 simultaneously drills the blastholes for the next cycle, achieving simultaneous "drilling and support" operations and achieving high construction efficiency.

[0032] In some implementations, for construction projects with relatively stable geology, the drill arm 2 can be used solely to drill radial anchor holes at the tunnel top. This allows for rapid anchor support at the tunnel top while minimizing the time required to drill these radial anchor holes. However, for construction projects with relatively stable geology, a larger number of blastholes are often required to complete the blasting. In other words, after completing the top anchor hole, the drill arm 2 can begin drilling the next cycle of blastholes, improving overall construction efficiency while ensuring construction safety.

[0033] For the embodiment of only using the drill arm 2 to drill the radial anchor rod hole of the tunnel top, more preferably, to further improve the construction safety, the anchor rod drill 4 can be arranged on the left and right sides of the rear end of the rack 1, and the anchor rod drill 4 here is used to drill the left and right wall anchor rod holes. Most basically, at least one anchor rod drill 4 should be arranged on each of the left and right sides here. Specifically, the specific structure of the anchor rod drill 4 can be consistent with the prior art, for example, it can be consistent with the anchor rod drill 4 carried on the excavating-anchor integrated machine and the cantilevered excavator in the prior art.

[0034] During construction, the anchor rod drills 4 on the left and right sides can lag a certain distance to drill the anchor rod holes on the left and right walls of the tunnel. The installation of the side wall anchor rods on the left and right sides can be performed manually, and accordingly, the left and right sides of the rear end of the rack 1 are provided with personnel platforms beside the corresponding anchor rod drills 4, and the workers can stand on the personnel platforms to install the side wall anchor rods on the left and right sides.

[0035] To improve the drilling efficiency of the anchor rod holes and the blast hole, in the preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-3 , the tunnel construction trolley is provided with two drill arms 2 and one anchor rod installation arm 3, and the anchor rod installation arm 3 is located between the two drill arms 2. During construction, the two drill arms 2 can work synchronously to improve the drilling efficiency (including the blast hole and the top anchor rod hole).

[0036] According to the calculation, taking a small cross-section tunnel with a width of 6m and a height of 7m as an example, a cycle footage of 3m, two rings of top anchor rods of 14, and 112 blast holes (blasting holes) are designed. When the anchor rod installation arm 3 installs the anchor rod, the two drill arms 2 can drill the blast hole at the same time, and the average installation time of one anchor rod is 10 minutes, and the installation of 14 top anchor rods requires 140 minutes. It takes about 2 minutes to drill one blast hole, and each drill arm 2 needs to drill 56 blast holes, which takes about 130 minutes. The two steps can be performed at the same time, which can save 130 minutes.

[0037] To improve the flexibility of the drill arm 2 and the anchor rod installation arm 3, in some preferred embodiments, the drill arm 2 and the anchor rod installation arm 3 are respectively provided with independent front-rear translation mechanisms that can move forward and backward. Compared with installing different arm supports on the same larger front-rear movable platform, it is obvious that the independent front-rear movement of each arm support is more flexible and convenient for construction.

[0038] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3As shown, in the case of being provided with two drill arms 2 and one anchor rod installation arm 3, the configurations of the front and rear translation mechanisms of the three arms can be consistent. For the convenience of understanding, the front and rear translation mechanisms of the three arms can be defined as a first front and rear translation mechanism 15, a second front and rear translation mechanism 16 and a third front and rear translation mechanism 17, respectively. More specifically, the front and rear translation mechanism preferably adopts a translation mechanism cooperating with a roller and a guide rail. The guide rail can be installed on the gantry 1, and the roller can move along the guide rail in a guided manner.

[0039] In addition to the above-mentioned structures and methods related to anchor rod construction, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1-4 As shown, the gantry 1 is also integrated with arch transport arms that can transport arches forward. Specifically, the gantry 1 is not a single-layer structure, and the gantry 1 is provided with a first layer platform 101 and a second layer platform 102 spaced apart vertically. The first layer platform 101 is located at the top end of the gantry 1, which can also be referred to as a top platform. It can be understood that a stand column is connected between the first layer platform 101 and the second layer platform 102 to serve as a support. The drill arm 2 is provided at the front end of the second layer platform 102, and the first layer platform 101 is provided with arch transport arms that can move forward and backward to transport arches forward.

[0040] That is, the tunnel construction trolley in the present embodiment can also transport arches forward during construction to assist in completing the arch erection work. Moreover, the arch transport arms are actually located at the top end of the trolley, which also facilitates the delivery of arches to the arch top position and is more efficient.

[0041] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-3 and Figure 5 As shown, the first layer platform 101 is provided with three arch transport arms arranged in the left and right directions, which are a left arch transport arm 6, a right arch transport arm 5 and a middle arch transport arm 7. Each arch transport arm is provided with an independent front and rear translation mechanism, which can be consistent with the translation mechanisms of the drill arms 2 and the anchor rod installation arm 3. At this time, each arch transport arm can move forward and backward independently without interfering with each other, facilitating the transportation of arches to different positions. The left arch transport arm 6 and the right arch transport arm 5 are each provided with a winch crane 603 for lifting the arches. Since the ropes of the winch crane 603 are more convenient to extend, the left arch transport arm 6 and the right arch transport arm 5 do not need to be configured with too large a range of motion at this time, and the arches delivered from the rear can be lifted by the winch crane 603.

[0042] During construction, the arches lifted by the left arch transport arm 6 and the right arch transport arm 5 can be transported forward by themselves or transferred to the middle arch transport arm 7, which continues to transport the arches forward. Moreover, the actions of each arch transport arm are independent, which facilitates the transportation of arches to different positions.

[0043] To improve the stability of the arch during the transportation process, in the preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The left arch transport arm 6 includes a slewing column 602, which is specifically mounted on a slewing table 601, and the slewing axis extends vertically. The structure of the slewing table 601 is consistent with the prior art, for example, a slewing bearing structure driven by a motor or a hydraulic motor can be used. A main arm 604 that can pitch swing is hinged on the slewing column 602, and a grab arm 607 that can pitch swing is hinged on the main arm 604, which can specifically use a hydraulic cylinder to drive the main arm 604 and the grab arm 607 to swing. The two pitch cylinders can be defined as a first pitch cylinder 605 and a second pitch cylinder 606. The grab arm 607 is provided with an arch grab 608, which is used to grab the arch lifted by the winch crane 603. The specific structure of the arch grab 608 can be consistent with the existing grab structure on the arch trolley, which will not be specifically introduced here.

[0044] When transporting the arch forward, if the arch grab 608 is not configured, since the rope of the winch crane 603 is a flexible member, it is neither convenient nor safe during the transportation process. The arch grab 608 can clamp the arch during the transportation of the arch, avoid the arch to swing randomly, facilitate the transportation, and also improve the safety.

[0045] To facilitate the assembly of the arch, further, as shown in Figures 1-3 The middle arch transport arm 7 is provided with a pitch swing assembly arm, and the assembly arm is provided with an assembly grab 701, which can grab the arch sent by the left arch transport arm 6 and / or the right arch transport arm 5. Specifically, the specific form of the assembly grab 701 can be consistent with the existing grab structure configured on the arch trolley of the prior art, which will not be specifically expanded here. At the same time, the middle arch transport arm 7 can also be configured with a slewing mechanism, so that the mechanical hand can swing forward and backward to different positions, facilitating the grabbing and assembly of the arch. During construction, after the assembly grab 701 grabs the arch, the assembly arm can lift the arch to the arch top position during the forward transportation process, and the workers can assist to complete the arch assembly work on the first layer platform 101, improving the construction efficiency. Preferably, a ladder 13 is also provided on the left and right sides of the rack 1 to facilitate the workers to climb onto the platform.

[0046] For the construction method, during the process of drilling anchor rod holes and / or installing anchor rods in front, the arch can be assembled on the construction trolley at the same time. In this way, on the one hand, the arch support can be quickly completed, the safety is improved, and at the same time, the synchronization of different processes can be realized, and the construction efficiency is improved.

[0047] To facilitate the assembly of the arch, in the preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-3As shown, the left and right sides of the gantry 1 are also respectively provided with side-arch assembling mechanical arms 10 that can translate forward and backward. Specifically, the side-arch assembling mechanical arms 10 are arranged between the first layer platform 101 and the second layer platform 102, and more specifically, the side-arch assembling mechanical arms 10 are arranged on the support columns connecting the first layer platform 101 and the second layer platform 102. Most basically, the side-arch assembling mechanical arms 10 should also be multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arms, having the degrees of freedom of up-down and left-right swinging, and at the output ends thereof, should also be provided with grippers that can grab the arches. At this time, the left-arch transporting arm 6 and the right-arch transporting arm 5 respectively corresponding to the arches delivered can be grabbed by the corresponding side side-arch assembling mechanical arms 10, and under the driving of the side-arch assembling mechanical arms 10, the postures are adjusted to complete the arch assembling in cooperation with manual work.

[0048] On the basis of integrating the arch transporting and assembling functions, the drilling boom 2 can also adjust the posture to drill and punch the locking foot anchor rod hole in addition to drilling and punching the top anchor rod hole, and accordingly, the anchor rod installing arm 3 can be used to install the locking foot anchor rod.

[0049] In addition, in order to facilitate the staff to carry out charging operation, the front end of the second layer platform 102 is provided with a basket 8, which can provide a working space for the staff to facilitate manual charging.

[0050] At the same time, the front end of the first layer platform 101 extends forward to a position that satisfies the projection covering the basket 8 in the vertical direction. That is, at this time, on the one hand, the arch can be conveniently transported to a position closer to the front to realize timely support, and on the other hand, the first layer platform 101 also has a protection function, which can protect the staff working in the basket 8.

[0051] More preferably, in some embodiments, the front end of the second layer platform 102 is provided with a lifting mechanism, i.e., a basket lifting mechanism 18, and the basket 8 is installed at the lifting output end of the basket lifting mechanism 18. At this time, on the one hand, the staff can be sent to different positions by lifting the basket 8 to facilitate the staff to work, and on the other hand, the basket 8 can also be lifted to a certain height to facilitate the personnel and equipment (such as a slag transport vehicle) to pass through the space inside the gantry 1.

[0052] Specifically, the basket lifting mechanism 18 can be a lifting mechanism driven by a hydraulic cylinder, or can be a ring-shaped lifting mechanism such as a chain type lifting mechanism, which is not specifically limited here.

[0053] In order to facilitate the personnel and equipment to pass through the space inside the gantry 1, lifting legs 104 are arranged at the front, rear, left and right corners of the gantry 1, for example, hydraulic lifting legs can be used. When passing through large equipment, the lifting legs 104 can be started to lift the gantry 1 to a higher height to leave a larger passing space. At the same time, during drilling, the lifting legs 104 are unfolded to support the ground to ensure the stability during the construction process.

[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the first layer platform 101 is provided with a plurality of arches 7, and the second layer platform 102 is provided with a plurality of arches 9.Figures 1-4 As shown, the second layer platform 102 is provided below the third layer platform 103, wherein the third layer platform 103 is respectively and left-right spaced apart on the left and right sides of the gantry 1, for example, can be connected between the front and rear two lifting legs 104. And in the vertical projection, the second layer platform 102 can cover the third layer platform 103. The third layer platform 103 can be used as a platform for carrying necessary equipment of the tunnel construction trolley, such as the control cabinet 11, the hydraulic pump station and other equipment can be carried on the third layer platform 103 and supported by the third layer platform 103. And the equipment carried on the third layer platform 103 can be protected by the second layer platform 102, thereby improving the reliability of the trolley as a whole.

[0055] Further, the second layer platform 102 extends rearward beyond the third layer platform 103, and the portion beyond the third layer platform 103 can be used to arrange the cable reel 12 and the water cable reel 19 of the tunnel construction trolley, so as to play a protective role.

[0056] In order to cooperate with the wet spraying process, the tunnel construction trolley is also integrated with a high-pressure air system 9 (which can output high-pressure air) and a quick-setting agent system 14 (which can output quick-setting agent). When the tunnel construction reaches the wet spraying process of the primary support link, the "small wet spraying machine 300 + drag pump 200" is dispatched to the field, and the corresponding pipelines of the integrated high-pressure air system 9 and quick-setting agent system 14 are connected to the "small wet spraying machine 300 + drag pump 200", completing the spraying operation of the primary spraying and re-spraying processes. The tunnel construction trolley in the present embodiment does not integrate a spraying head. At this time, it is relatively difficult to remove the blockage of the spraying pipeline, and the wet spraying link is relatively dirty. Cleaning the wet spraying device will affect the progress of other process operations, or cause other system failures, so only part of the functions of the wet spraying process are integrated.

[0057] For example, as shown in the tunnel construction trolley, and in combination with Figures 1-3 As shown in the tunnel construction trolley, and in combination with Figure 6 The construction method can refer to the following steps: (1) Trolley preparation: whole machine assembly is performed in front of the tunnel stack, after assembly is completed, water and electricity are debugged, and the trolley is driven to a suitable position away from the working face, the lifting legs 104 are unfolded, the basket 8 is lowered to the bottom, and the preparation work is completed.

[0058] (2) Drilling of working face blast hole: the left and right two drilling arms 2 at the front end of the trolley are translated and unfolded forward, and the blast hole construction of the current cycle is respectively performed.

[0059] (3) Charge: two drill arms 2 slip retraction, lifting legs 104 retracted, the trolley forward to the front of the working face, workers can stand in the basket 8 filling explosives, the basket 8 can be raised, personnel can complete the first layer platform 101 below the blast hole charging work. Synchronously, personnel can climb to the first layer platform 101 on the platform 101, standing on the top hole filling work until all the explosives are filled.

[0060] (4) Trolley retreat and detonation: the trolley retreats to the front of the trestle, the first layer platform 101 and the second layer platform 102 arm and device are moved to the rear, protection is done to prevent flying stones after explosion, and to let the blast flow smoothly through the vehicle body. The trolley is ready, and the explosives are detonated.

[0061] (5) After ventilation and dust removal, slag removal: connect the ventilation system to ventilate the working face and reduce dust concentration. At this time, the trolley is lifted by the lifting legs 104, increasing the height space of the middle channel, so that the slagging machine 500 and the slag car 400 can pass smoothly. The slagging machine 500 first passes through the trestle, passes through the trolley to the slag heap, and at the same time, the slagging machine 500 transports the slag to the rear of the slag car 400, until the slag transportation is completed.

[0062] (6) Risk and underbreak treatment: use the slagging arm of the slagging machine 500 to remove the loose rocks on the rock surface and the top to prevent accidental falling and injury. And use the breaking hammer of the slagging arm to handle the underbreak part to prepare for the arch operation. This cycle is over, and the slagging machine 500 exits the working face.

[0063] (7) Initial concrete spraying: the trolley retracts the lifting legs 104 and drives to a certain distance from the working face. The mechanic of the small wet spraying machine 300 passes through the trestle and the middle channel of the trolley to reach the spraying place, and the independent tow pump 200 drives to the rear end of the trolley. The concrete pipeline connects the trolley side pipeline through the tow pump 200 to reach the wet spraying machine 300, and reaches the nozzle through the arm bracket hose. The high-pressure air pipeline and the accelerator pipeline are connected to the front mechanic nozzle from the trolley. After the pipeline connection is completed, the concrete tank car 100 transports concrete to the tow pump 200, and the wet spraying machine 300 performs initial spraying work. After the work is completed, clean up, remove the connected pipeline, and retreat to the front of the trestle to wait.

[0064] (8) Arch erection-grabbing and transporting arch: the arch transport car transports the arch to the rear of the trolley and unloads to the ground to wait for assembly.

[0065] ① Top arch grabbing and transporting, the left arch transport arm 6 and the right arch transport arm 5 of the trolley simultaneously lift the top arch to the first layer platform 101 height, and the middle arch transport arm 7 moves to the rear end, adjusts the posture of the assembly gripper 701, and grabs the arch with the gripper opening direction facing the arch, then adjusts the posture to open upward, and transports the arch forward to the middle position, and then places the arch on the second layer platform bracket, the middle arch transport arm 7 rotates along the center of the self-rotation mechanism, adjusts to the front of the gripper, regrabs the arch, and transports it to the lower side of the waiting arch area, and waits for assembly.

[0066] ② Side arch grabbing and transporting, the left arch transport arm 6 and the right arch transport arm 5 on both sides of the trolley respectively lift the side arch to the first layer platform 101 height, the left arch transport arm 6 and the right arch transport arm 5 rotate around the center to the side, the arch gripper 608 is opened and clamped to fix the arch, the angle is adjusted so that the arch and the manipulator do not interfere with the trolley 1 and the rock wall, and then the manipulator is controlled to move forward and stop behind the middle arch transport arm 7. At this time, the posture of the side arch assembly manipulator 10 is adjusted to the appropriate position to grab the side arch, and then slid forward to the lower side of the waiting arch area, and waits for assembly.

[0067] ③ Arch - arch assembly Top arch and side arch assembly: the arch is sent to the arch top working face, the arch posture is adjusted and accurately positioned. The side arch assembly manipulator 10 adjusts the arch posture and completes accurate positioning, sends the arch to the working face, and completes assembly with the top arch, personnel stand on the second layer platform 102 or the first layer platform 101 to splice with bolts. Repeat the above steps until the assembly of the whole ring arch is completed.

[0068] (9) Locking foot anchor rod: after assembly, the left arch transport arm 6, the middle arch transport arm 7, the right arch transport arm 5 and the side arch assembly manipulator 10 retreat to the starting position. The trolley retreats and moves to the appropriate position, the lifting legs 104 are unfolded to prepare for the locking foot anchor rod. The drill arm 2 moves to the front end, adjusts the drill arm 2 to the radial posture, and drills the locking foot anchor rod hole.

[0069] (10) Locking foot anchor rod installation: the drill arm 2 is retracted, the anchor rod installation arm 3 moves to the front end, adjusts the anchor rod installation arm 3 to the radial posture, and installs the locking foot anchor rod hole.

[0070] (11) Top anchor rod hole drilling: the anchor rod arm is retracted, the lifting legs 104 are retracted, the trolley retreats to the appropriate position, the lifting legs 104 are unfolded to prepare for the top anchor rod hole, and the two sides drill arms 2 move to the front end, adjust the drill arm 2 to the radial posture, and drill the top anchor rod hole.

[0071] (12) Top anchor rod installation: the two sides drill arms 2 are retracted, the middle anchor rod installation arm 3 moves to the front end, adjusts the anchor rod installation arm 3 to the radial posture, and installs the top anchor rod.

[0072] (13) Re-spraying concrete: the trolley retreats to a suitable position, prepares to carry out the concrete spraying operation, the wet spraying machine 300 passes through the middle passage of the trolley, reaches the place to be sprayed, the drag pump 200 drives to the rear end of the trolley, repeats step (7) to complete the re-spraying concrete operation, retreats to the rear area of the trestle after cleaning, stops by the side, and waits for the next cycle of the concrete spraying operation.

[0073] (14) Drilling of side wall anchor rod hole: the side wall anchor rod hole lags behind 4-5 operation cycles, the anchor rod drillers 4 arranged on the left and right sides of the trolley are adjusted to the radial posture, and the two side wall anchor rod holes are drilled respectively.

[0074] (15) Side wall anchor rod installation: the two side wall anchor rods are installed by manual work.

[0075] The specific implementation of the drilling and blasting construction method provided by the present application is as follows: The key feature of the drilling and blasting construction method is that after the radial drilling of the anchor rod hole is completed on the drill arm of the construction trolley, the anchor rod is installed into the anchor rod hole by using the anchor rod installation arm, and during the installation of the anchor rod, the drill arm synchronously carries out the next cycle of the blast hole drilling operation. The specific process can refer to the construction method or construction steps recorded in the implementation mode of the tunnel construction trolley described above, which will not be specifically described here.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified without creative labor, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction trolley comprising a portal frame, on which is mounted at least one drill arm movable forward and backward, and on which is mounted a drill rig capable of drilling blastholes forward and anchor holes radially, wherein: The platform is also provided with an anchor rod installation arm which can move forward and backward. The anchor rod installation arm is provided with a propulsion beam for pushing the installation anchor rod into the anchor rod hole when the drill arm drills the blast hole forward.

2. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trolley is provided with two drill arms spaced apart from each other on the left and right sides, and the anchor rod installation arm is located between the two drill arms.

3. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each drilling arm and anchor installation arm is equipped with an independent forward and backward translation mechanism.

4. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The platform is provided with a first platform and a second platform spaced apart from each other. The first platform is located at the top of the platform, the drilling arm is arranged on the second platform, and the first platform is provided with an arch transport arm which can move forward and backward to transport the arch forward.

5. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: A hanging basket is provided at the front end of the second-layer platform to provide a working space for personnel, and the front end of the first-layer platform extends forward to a position where the vertical projection covers the hanging basket.

6. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lifting mechanism is provided at the front end of the second-layer platform, and the hanging basket is installed at the lifting output end of the lifting mechanism.

7. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are three arch frame transport arms arranged in the left and right directions on the first platform. The three arch frame transport arms are the left arch frame transport arm, the middle arch frame transport arm and the right arch frame transport arm. Each arch frame transport arm is equipped with an independent forward and backward translation mechanism. The left arch frame transport arm and the right arch frame transport arm are provided with a winch crane for lifting the arch frame.

8. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left arch transport arm and the right arch transport arm both include a slewing column extending vertically along the slewing axis, a main arm that can be pitched and swung is hinged on the slewing column, a grabbing arm that can be pitched and swung is hinged on the main arm, and an arch grabber is provided on the grabbing arm for grabbing the arch lifted by the winch crane.

9. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 7, wherein An assembling arm which can pitch and swing is provided on the arch frame transport arm, and an assembling gripper for grabbing the arch frame delivered by the left arch frame transport arm and / or the right arch frame transport arm is provided on the assembling arm.

10. The tunnel construction trolley according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the platform between the first and second platforms are respectively equipped with side arch assembly robotic arms that can move forward and backward, which are used to receive the arch frames sent by the left arch frame transport arm and the right arch frame transport arm respectively and adjust the arch frame posture to complete the assembly.

11. A drilling and blasting construction method, characterized in that After the drill arm of the construction trolley completes the radial drilling of the anchor hole, the anchor installation arm is used to install the anchor into the anchor hole. During the anchor installation process, the drill arm simultaneously performs the next cycle of blasthole drilling operations.

12. The drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 11, wherein: Completing the radial anchor hole drilling means completing the drilling of the top anchor hole.

13. The drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein: During the process of radially drilling anchor holes and / or installing anchor bolts, the arch frame is synchronously assembled on the construction trolley.

Images