High-performance sealing mechanism and sealing method for oil cylinder of hydraulic excavator

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance sealing mechanism and sealing method for an oil cylinder of a hydraulic excavator, and relates to the technical field of oil cylinder machining. According to the high-performance sealing mechanism for the oil cylinder of the hydraulic excavator, through the linkage design of the annular bearing plate and the driving rod, the contact pressure between the sealing piece and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel is automatically adjusted and strengthened through the hydraulic oil pressure, and when the hydraulic oil pressure rises, the annular bearing plate pushes the driving rod; the top plate tightly abuts against the reinforcing sealing piece, the self-adaptive effect that the larger the pressure is, the stronger the sealing performance is is achieved, and therefore the good sealing effect can be kept in the environment that the pressure of the oil cylinder changes rapidly. The two sides of the piston body are each provided with a structure for self-adaptively changing the contact pressure between the reinforcing sealing piece and the inner wall of the oil cylinder according to the hydraulic oil pressure change, so that the hydraulic oil can achieve the effect of enhancing the sealing performance through hydraulic oil power in any direction. The combined design of the basic sealing piece and the reinforced sealing piece forms a double-sealing barrier.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil cylinder processing, in particular to a high-performance sealing mechanism and sealing method for a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydraulic excavator oil cylinder is the core power execution component of the excavator, which converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy through the sealing mechanism to drive the excavator working device to realize digging, pushing and pulling actions. The oil cylinder sealing mechanism is an important component of the hydraulic excavator oil cylinder, which can ensure the efficient and reliable operation of the hydraulic excavator oil cylinder.

[0003] Referring to the sealing mechanism for a hydraulic oil cylinder disclosed in the patent application with publication number CN222760031U, the elastic force exerted by the first spring on the pressure ring can ensure that the pressure ring tightly fits the connection between the cylinder body and the telescopic rod. The connection between the cylinder body and the telescopic rod is sealed by the sealing gasket, and the sealing of the connection between the cylinder body and the telescopic rod is further enhanced by the design of the first and second sealing rings, greatly increasing the sealing effect of the traditional hydraulic oil cylinder.

[0004] The sealing mechanism for the hydraulic oil cylinder in the prior art described above has the following defects in actual use:

[0005] 1) When the hydraulic oil cylinder is running, the piston continuously rubs against the inner wall of the cylinder, causing the inner wall of the cylinder to wear and the metal debris falling off to contaminate the hydraulic oil. When the piston reciprocates, the metal particles in the oil can embed or scratch the surface of the sealing ring, greatly increasing the frictional resistance. This not only accelerates the wear of the sealing ring, causing it to age prematurely, crack or damage the lip, but also damages the precise dynamic seal between the sealing ring and the inner wall of the cylinder. Ultimately, the hydraulic oil in the high-pressure chamber leaks through the sealing failure to the low-pressure chamber, forming an internal leakage channel, making it difficult to effectively establish system pressure and affecting the normal operation of the equipment;

[0006] 2) When the hydraulic oil pressure in the oil cylinder changes rapidly, pressure impact occurs, which causes the sealing ring to withstand alternating pressure loads in a very short time. The material of the sealing ring is prone to fatigue or plastic deformation and cannot fully recover to its original state, resulting in uneven contact of the sealing surface and failure to achieve effective sealing effect.

[0007] Therefore, the present application proposes a high-performance sealing mechanism and sealing method for a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a high-performance sealing mechanism and sealing method for a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder, which solves the problem that in the current operation of the hydraulic oil cylinder, metal debris that is continuously rubbed off from the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel mixes into the oil to form pollution, when the piston reciprocates, the metal particles are embedded in or scraped against the sealing ring, greatly increasing the friction resistance, accelerating the aging, cracking or lip damage of the sealing ring, destroying the precise dynamic sealing of the sealing ring and the cylinder barrel, at the same time, the rapid change of the oil cylinder pressure causes pressure impact, so that the sealing ring bears alternating loads in a very short time, the material is prone to fatigue or plastic deformation, resulting in uneven contact of the sealing surface, and finally the hydraulic oil in the high-pressure cavity leaks to the low-pressure cavity through the failed sealing position to form internal leakage, so that the system pressure is difficult to effectively establish, and the normal operation of the equipment is seriously affected.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: a high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder, comprising a cylinder barrel and first and second oil ports respectively provided on both sides of the outer wall of the cylinder barrel, further comprising:

[0010] A piston rod is movably arranged in the interior of the cylinder barrel, one end of the piston rod is sealingly and slidingly penetrated through the cylinder barrel and extends to the outside, and one end of the cylinder barrel and the piston rod are respectively rotatably connected to two mechanical arms in the hydraulic excavator;

[0011] A piston mechanism is movably arranged on one side of the cavity inside the cylinder barrel and connected to the piston rod, the piston mechanism can automatically adjust the contact pressure between the piston mechanism and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel according to the hydraulic oil pressure changes on both sides of the piston mechanism, so as to ensure good sealing performance between the piston mechanism and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel;

[0012] An oil filter mechanism is arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel, which is used to filter out the impurities mixed in the hydraulic oil, quickly clean the impurities collected in the oil filter mechanism, and simultaneously buffer when the piston mechanism is close to the first oil port, and a flow channel is further arranged between the oil filter mechanism and the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel;

[0013] A plurality of taking and placing through holes are uniformly provided on the outer wall of the cylinder barrel, which are used to facilitate the cleaning of the impurities collected in the oil filter mechanism.

[0014] Further, the piston mechanism comprises a piston body detachably sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod by bolts, two annular sealing grooves and one sealing ring groove are respectively provided on the outer wall of the piston body, the two annular sealing grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sealing ring groove, a reinforcing sealing member is arranged in each of the two annular sealing grooves, a basic sealing member is arranged in the sealing ring groove, and the reinforcing sealing member and the basic sealing member are sealingly and slidingly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder barrel.

[0015] Further, the inside of the annular sealing groove is uniformly provided with a plurality of receiving grooves, the two ends of the piston body are provided with annular pressure grooves, the inside of the annular pressure groove is uniformly provided with a movable hole corresponding to the position of the plurality of receiving grooves, and the bottom of each receiving groove is provided with a lifting hole in communication with the corresponding position of the movable hole.

[0016] Further, the inside of the annular pressure groove is uniformly provided with a movable hole corresponding to the position of the plurality of receiving grooves, and the bottom of each receiving groove is provided with a lifting hole in communication with the corresponding position of the movable hole.

[0017] Further, the oil filter mechanism comprises an outer cylinder body fixedly arranged on one side of the inside of the cylinder barrel, an inner cylinder body fixedly arranged in the inside of the outer cylinder body, an oil passing channel formed between the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body, and an oil delivery pipe fixedly penetrating through the inside of the inner cylinder body.

[0018] Further, the opposite positions of the annular outer walls of the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body are uniformly provided with a plurality of pairs of mounting through holes, one oil filter assembly is detachably arranged in the same pair of mounting through holes, and the plurality of oil filter assemblies are cleaned by backwashing assemblies.

[0019] Further, the oil filter assembly comprises a bearing cylinder sealingly arranged in the mounting through hole, a plurality of oil inlet holes uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the bearing cylinder and in the oil passing channel, a filter hole area arranged on the outer wall of the bearing cylinder and in the inner cylinder body, a conical tube fixedly arranged in the inside of the oil inlet hole to prevent impurities from overflowing, and a sealing cover threadedly connected to the bottom of the bearing cylinder.

[0020] Further, the backwashing assembly comprises a long cylinder fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder, the inside of the long cylinder is slidably provided with a oil pushing plate, one end of the oil pushing plate is fixedly provided with a pushing rod which slidably penetrates the long cylinder and is fixedly provided with a pressure bearing plate, the inside of the long cylinder and on one side of the oil pushing plate is slidably provided with a second spring, the outer wall of the long cylinder is uniformly fixedly provided with a plurality of oil inlet nozzles away from the pressure bearing plate, the inside of each oil inlet nozzle is fixedly provided with a third one-way valve which allows only hydraulic oil to enter the long cylinder, the outer wall of the long cylinder is also uniformly fixedly provided with a plurality of oil discharge pipes which are in communication with the inside of the long cylinder, the outside of the oil discharge pipe is sealingly rotatably provided with a connecting pipe, the top end of the connecting pipe is fixedly provided with a U-shaped pipe which is in communication with the inside of the connecting pipe, the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe is fixedly provided with a first oil injection nozzle and a second oil injection nozzle which are opposite in oil injection direction.

[0021] The application further discloses a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder sealing method for the high-performance sealing mechanism of the hydraulic excavator oil cylinder.

[0022] Step 1, when hydraulic oil enters the flow channel through the first oil port and enters the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel through the oil filter mechanism during the operation of the hydraulic excavator, the side of the piston mechanism close to the oil filter mechanism is moved by the hydraulic oil thrust, and the piston mechanism automatically strengthens the sealing between the inner wall of the cylinder barrel by the pressure of the hydraulic oil.

[0023] Step 2, when the hydraulic oil enters the inside of the cylinder barrel through the second oil port, the side of the piston mechanism close to the outer wall of the second oil port is subjected to the pressure action of the hydraulic oil, so that the piston mechanism approaches the oil filter mechanism, and at the same time, the side wall of the piston mechanism automatically strengthens the sealing between the inner wall of the cylinder barrel by the pressure of the hydraulic oil.

[0024] Step 3, in the process that the piston mechanism approaches the oil filter mechanism, the hydraulic oil enters the flow channel after being filtered by the oil filter mechanism and is discharged through the first oil port, and at the same time, when the end of the piston rod approaches the oil filter mechanism, the oil filter mechanism immediately reduces the advancing speed of the piston mechanism to complete the buffering action on the piston mechanism.

[0025] The application provides a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder high-performance sealing mechanism and sealing method.

[0026] 1. A high-performance sealing mechanism and method for a hydraulic excavator cylinder, the piston mechanism is designed through the linkage of the annular pressure plate and the driving rod, and the contact pressure between the reinforced seal and the inner wall of the cylinder is automatically adjusted by using the hydraulic oil pressure; when the hydraulic oil pressure rises, the annular pressure plate pushes the driving rod, and through the mechanical transmission of the wedge-shaped groove and the lifting column, the top plate tightly presses the reinforced seal, realizing the self-adaptive effect that the greater the pressure, the stronger the sealing performance, so that good sealing effect can be maintained in the environment of rapid change of the cylinder pressure; secondly, the two sides of the piston body are provided with structures that adaptively change the contact pressure between the reinforced seal and the inner wall of the cylinder according to the change of the hydraulic oil pressure, so that the hydraulic oil can realize the effect of enhancing the sealing performance by using the hydraulic oil power in any direction; in addition, the combination design of the basic seal and the reinforced seal forms a double sealing barrier, the basic seal bears the conventional sealing, and the reinforced seal automatically enhances the sealing force at high pressure, effectively preventing the leakage of high-pressure hydraulic oil.

[0027] 2. A high-performance sealing mechanism and method for a hydraulic excavator cylinder, by setting an oil filter mechanism, not only has backwashing self-cleaning function, when the piston rod contacts the pressure plate, the oil pushing plate compresses the second spring, reversely sprays the hydraulic oil in the long barrel through the bidirectional oil nozzle of the U-shaped pipe, forms a rotating flushing flow field, completely removes the impurities on the surface of the oil filter assembly, realizes automatic cleaning in operation, the backwashing process is driven by the kinetic energy of the piston movement, without additional energy input, reduces the system energy consumption, and the oil filter mechanism also has a piston buffering function, the oil filter mechanism absorbs kinetic energy through the compression of the second spring when the piston approaches, cooperates with the reverse thrust generated by the U-shaped pipe oil injection, forms a double buffering mechanism, avoids the rigid collision of the piston and the end cover, reduces the mechanical wear, in addition, the oil filter mechanism also has an impurity escape prevention structure, the tapering design of the conical pipe can effectively prevent the filtered impurities from being flushed out by the hydraulic oil in the opposite direction, and ensure that the impurities are always retained in the sealing area.

[0028] 3. A high-performance sealing mechanism and method for a hydraulic excavator cylinder, through the bolt connection mode of multiple taking and placing through holes and the oil filter assembly, the bearing barrel can be directly disassembled for manual cleaning, without disassembling the entire cylinder, the maintenance time is obviously shortened; secondly, the oil filter assembly adopts a sealed cover threaded connection design, and the accumulated impurities can be poured by unscrewing, and the single cleaning time is obviously shortened.

[0029] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following specification, which is to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the specification as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the first overall structure of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sectional structure of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the second overall structure of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the sectional structure of the piston mechanism of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the enlarged structure of the A portion in the present application; Figure 4

[0035] Figure 6 Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the reinforcing seal and the top plate of the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the enlarged structure of the B portion in the present application; Figure 6

[0037] Figure 8 Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the piston body of the present application without the reinforcing seal;

[0038] Figure 9 Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the enlarged structure of the C portion in the present application; Figure 8

[0039] Figure 10 Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the sectional structure of the oil filter mechanism of the present application;

[0040] Figure 11 Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the enlarged structure of the D portion in the present application; Figure 10

[0041] Figure 12 Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the backwash assembly of the present application;

[0042] Figure 13 Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the outer cylinder of the present application;

[0043] Figure 14 Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the oil filter assembly and the U-shaped tube of the present application;

[0044] Figure 15 Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the U-shaped tube of the present application;

[0045] Figure 16 Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the exploded structure of the oil filter assembly of the present application;

[0046] Figure 17 Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the enlarged structure of the E portion in the present application. Figure 16 ​​​​​

[0047] Fig. 1, cylinder; 2, first oil port; 3, second oil port; 4, piston mechanism; 41, piston body; 42, annular sealing groove; 43, receiving groove; 44, annular booster groove; 45, movable hole; 46, lifting hole; 47, reinforced sealing element; 48, base sealing element; 49, annular pressure plate; 410, driving rod; 411, first spring; 412, wedge-shaped groove; 413, guide groove; 414, lifting column; 415, sliding block; 416, top plate; 5, oil filter mechanism; 51, outer cylinder body; 52, inner cylinder body; 53, oil passage; 54, oil delivery pipe; 55, oil return port; 56, oil discharge port; 57, oil filter assembly; 571, bearing cylinder; 572, oil inlet; 573, conical pipe; 574, sealing cover; 575, filter hole area; 58, long cylinder body; 59, oil pushing plate; 510, push rod; 511, pressure plate; 512, second spring; 513, oil inlet nozzle; 514, oil discharge pipe; 515, connecting pipe; 516, U-shaped pipe; 517, first oil injection nozzle; 518, second oil injection nozzle; 6, flow channel; 7, taking and placing through hole; 8, piston rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0049] The present application provides three technical solutions: a high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder, specifically including the following embodiments:

[0050] As Figures 1-3 The first embodiment is shown: a high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder, including a cylinder 1 and a first oil port 2 and a second oil port 3 respectively opened on both sides of the outer wall of the cylinder 1, further comprising:

[0051] A piston rod 8 is movably arranged inside the cylinder 1, one end of which is sealed and slidably penetrates the cylinder 1 and extends to the outside, and one end of the cylinder 1 and the piston rod 8 is respectively rotatably connected to two mechanical arms in the hydraulic excavator;

[0052] A piston mechanism 4 is movably arranged on one side of the cavity inside the cylinder 1 and connected to the piston rod 8. The piston mechanism 4 can automatically adjust the contact pressure between the piston mechanism 4 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 according to the hydraulic oil pressure on both sides of the piston mechanism 4, so as to ensure good sealing performance between the piston mechanism 4 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1;

[0053] The oil filter mechanism 5 is arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 1, and is used for filtering impurities mixed in the hydraulic oil, quickly cleaning the impurities collected in the oil filter mechanism 5, and buffering when the piston mechanism 4 approaches the first oil port 2. A flow channel 6 is further arranged between the oil filter mechanism 5 and the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 1.

[0054] A plurality of taking and placing through holes 7 are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder barrel 1, and are used for conveniently cleaning the impurities collected in the oil filter mechanism 5. The end of the oil filter assembly 57 is located in the taking and placing through hole 7 in the corresponding position, so that the oil filter assembly 57 can be conveniently disassembled through the taking and placing through hole 7 to clean the impurities in the oil filter assembly 57. Through the bolt connection mode of the plurality of taking and placing through holes 7 and the oil filter assembly 57, the bearing cylinder 571 can be directly disassembled for manual cleaning, without the need to disassemble the entire oil cylinder, and the maintenance time is obviously shortened. In addition, the oil filter assembly 57 is designed in a threaded connection mode with the sealing cover 574, and the accumulated impurities can be poured out by unscrewing, and the single cleaning time is obviously shortened.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 1, Figures 4-9 The second embodiment is shown, and the difference from the first embodiment is that the piston mechanism 4 includes a piston body 41 which is detachably sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod 8 through bolts. Two annular sealing grooves 42 and a sealing ring groove are respectively arranged on the outer wall of the piston body 41. The two annular sealing grooves 42 are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the sealing ring groove. The inner part of each annular sealing groove 42 is provided with a reinforced sealing piece 47. The inner part of the sealing ring groove is provided with a basic sealing piece 48. The reinforced sealing piece 47 and the basic sealing piece 48 are in sealing sliding connection with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 1.

[0056] The piston mechanism 4 is connected with the driving rod 410 through the annular pressure bearing plate 49, and automatically adjusts the contact pressure of the reinforced sealing piece 47 and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 1 by using the hydraulic oil pressure. When the hydraulic oil pressure increases, the annular pressure bearing plate 49 pushes the driving rod 410, and through the mechanical transmission of the wedge-shaped groove 412 and the lifting column 414, the top plate 416 tightly presses the reinforced sealing piece 47, so as to realize the self-adaptive effect that the greater the pressure, the stronger the sealing performance, thereby maintaining good sealing effect in the environment with rapid change of the oil cylinder pressure. In addition, the two sides of the piston body 41 are provided with structures which can adaptively change the contact pressure of the reinforced sealing piece 47 and the inner wall of the oil cylinder according to the change of the hydraulic oil pressure, so that the hydraulic oil can realize the effect of enhancing the sealing performance by using the hydraulic oil power in any direction. In addition, the combination of the basic sealing piece 48 and the reinforced sealing piece 47 forms a double sealing barrier. The basic sealing piece 48 bears the conventional sealing, and the reinforced sealing piece 47 automatically enhances the sealing force under high pressure, thereby effectively preventing the leakage of high-pressure hydraulic oil.

[0057] In the embodiment, the inner part of the annular sealing groove 42 is uniformly provided with a plurality of receiving grooves 43, the both ends of the piston body 41 are provided with annular booster grooves 44, the inner part of the annular booster groove 44 is uniformly provided with a plurality of moving holes 45 corresponding to the positions of the receiving grooves 43, and the bottom of each receiving groove 43 is provided with a lifting hole 46 communicating with the corresponding moving hole 45.

[0058] In the embodiment, the inner part of the annular sealing groove 42 is uniformly provided with a plurality of receiving grooves 43, the both ends of the piston body 41 are provided with annular booster grooves 44, the inner part of the annular booster groove 44 is uniformly provided with a plurality of moving holes 45 corresponding to the positions of the receiving grooves 43, and the bottom of each receiving groove 43 is provided with a lifting hole 46 communicating with the corresponding moving hole 45.

[0059] As Figures 10-17 The third embodiment is shown, which is different from the second embodiment in that the oil filter mechanism 5 comprises an outer cylinder body 51 fixedly arranged at one side of the inner part of the cylinder barrel 1, an inner cylinder body 52 fixedly arranged in the inner part of the outer cylinder body 51, an oil passing channel 53 formed between the outer cylinder body 51 and the inner cylinder body 52, an oil delivery pipe 54 fixedly arranged in the inner part of the inner cylinder body 52, a first one-way valve fixedly arranged in the inner part of the oil delivery pipe 54, allowing hydraulic oil to flow from the flow channel 6 into the cylinder barrel 1 only, a plurality of oil return openings 55 arranged on the outer wall of the outer cylinder body 51 away from the flow channel 6, and communicating with the oil passing channel 53, and a second one-way valve fixedly arranged in each oil return opening 55, allowing hydraulic oil to flow into the oil passing channel 53 only.

[0060] By setting the oil filter mechanism 5, it not only has the backwashing self-cleaning function, when the piston rod 8 contacts the pressure bearing plate 511, the oil pushing plate 59 compresses the second spring 512, the hydraulic oil in the long barrel 58 is sprayed back through the bidirectional oil nozzle of the U-shaped tube 516, forming a rotating flushing flow field, thoroughly removing the impurities on the surface of the oil filter assembly 57, realizing automatic cleaning during operation, and the backwashing process utilizes the kinetic energy of piston movement to drive, without additional energy input, reducing system energy consumption, and the oil filter mechanism 5 also has the function of piston buffering, the oil filter mechanism 5 absorbs kinetic energy through the compression of the second spring 512 when the piston mechanism 4 is close, and cooperates with the reverse thrust generated by the oil injection of the U-shaped tube 516, forming a double buffering mechanism, avoiding the rigid collision between the piston body 41 and the end cover, reducing mechanical wear, in addition, the oil filter mechanism 5 also has the structure of preventing impurities from escaping, the tapered design of the tapered tube 573 can effectively prevent the filtered impurities from being flushed out by the hydraulic oil, ensuring that the impurities are always retained in the sealing area.

[0061] In the embodiment, a plurality of pairs of mounting holes are uniformly arranged on the relative positions of the annular outer walls of the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 52, one oil filter assembly 57 is detachably arranged in the same pair of mounting holes, and the plurality of oil filter assemblies 57 are backwashed on the inner walls thereof by the backwashing assembly, and the displacement of the piston mechanism 4 is buffered during the backwashing of the oil filter assembly 57.

[0062] In the embodiment, the oil filter assembly 57 includes a bearing cylinder 571 which is sealingly arranged in the mounting hole, a plurality of oil inlet holes 572 are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the bearing cylinder 571 and located in the oil passage 53, a filter hole area 575 is arranged on the outer wall of the bearing cylinder 571 and located in the inner cylinder 52, a tapered tube 573 is fixedly arranged inside the oil inlet hole 572 to prevent impurities from overflowing, and a sealing cover 574 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the bearing cylinder 571. The opening at one end of the tapered tube 573 inside the bearing cylinder 571 is much smaller than the other end, so that the impurities filtered inside the bearing cylinder 571 are difficult to overflow back through the tapered tube 573. The bearing cylinder 571 is detachably connected through the bolt and the taking and placing hole 7.

[0063] In the embodiment, the backwashing assembly comprises a long cylinder 58 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 52, an oil pushing plate 59 is sealingly and slidably arranged in the long cylinder 58, one end of the oil pushing plate 59 is fixedly provided with a pushing rod 510, the pushing rod 510 slidably penetrates through the long cylinder 58 and is fixedly provided with a pressure bearing plate 511, a second spring 512 is slidably arranged in the long cylinder 58 and located at one side of the oil pushing plate 59, a plurality of oil inlet nozzles 513 are uniformly fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the long cylinder 58 away from the pressure bearing plate 511, a third one-way valve allowing only hydraulic oil to enter the long cylinder 58 is fixedly arranged in each oil inlet nozzle 513, a plurality of oil discharge pipes 514 are also uniformly fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the long cylinder 58 and communicate with the inside of the long cylinder 58, a connecting pipe 515 is sealingly and rotatably sleeved on the outside of the oil discharge pipe 514, a U-shaped pipe 516 communicating with the inside of the connecting pipe 515 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the connecting pipe 515, a first oil injection nozzle 517 and a second oil injection nozzle 518 having opposite oil injection directions are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe 516. The limit position of the movement of the oil pushing plate 59 does not exceed the position of the oil discharge pipe 514.

[0064] The embodiment of the present application also provides a hydraulic excavator oil cylinder sealing method for the high-performance sealing mechanism of the hydraulic excavator oil cylinder, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0065] Step 1, when hydraulic oil enters the flow channel 6 through the first oil port 2 and enters the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 1 through the oil filter mechanism 5 during the operation of the hydraulic excavator, the piston mechanism 4 on the side close to the oil filter mechanism 5 is moved by the hydraulic oil thrust, and the piston mechanism 4 automatically strengthens the sealing between the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 1 by the pressure of the hydraulic oil;

[0066] Step 2, when the hydraulic oil enters the inside of the cylinder barrel 1 through the second oil port 3, the outer wall of the piston mechanism 4 close to the second oil port 3 is subjected to the pressure action of the hydraulic oil, so that the piston mechanism 4 is close to the oil filter mechanism 5, and at the same time, the side wall of the piston mechanism 4 automatically strengthens the sealing between the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 1 by the pressure of the hydraulic oil;

[0067] Step 3, in the process of the piston mechanism 4 close to the oil filter mechanism 5, the hydraulic oil enters the flow channel 6 after being filtered by the oil filter mechanism 5 and is discharged through the first oil port 2, and at the same time, when the end of the piston rod 8 approaches the oil filter mechanism 5, the oil filter mechanism 5 immediately hinders the advancing speed of the piston mechanism 4, and the buffering action on the piston mechanism 4 is completed;

[0068] When the hydraulic oil is input through the first oil port 2, the hydraulic oil first enters the flow channel 6 and then enters the cylinder 1 through the oil delivery pipe 54. The piston mechanism 4 is driven by the hydraulic oil pressure to move away from the oil filter mechanism 5. At the same time, the annular pressure plate 49 on the side close to the oil filter mechanism 5 is moved to the inside of the annular pressure groove 44 under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure. When the driving rod 410 moves synchronously with the annular pressure plate 49, the two sliding blocks 415 slide along the corresponding guide grooves 413 from the lower position to the higher position, so that the height of the lifting column 414 is gradually jacked up. The top plate 416 pushes the reinforced sealing element 47 to tightly adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, so as to enhance the sealing between the reinforced sealing element 47 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. Since the top plates 416 at multiple positions act at the same time, each position of the reinforced sealing element 47 can stably contact the inner wall of the cylinder 1.

[0069] Similarly, when the hydraulic oil is input into the cylinder 1 through the second oil port 3, the annular pressure plate 49 on the side away from the first oil port 2 is pushed by the hydraulic oil pressure to push the top plates 416 at multiple positions to push the reinforced sealing element 47 to tightly adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, so as to enhance the sealing between the reinforced sealing element 47 and the cylinder 1.

[0070] When the piston mechanism 4 moves towards the first oil port 2, the hydraulic oil enters the oil passage 53 through the multiple oil return ports 55, and then enters the inside of the bearing cylinder 571 through the oil inlet 572 on the outer wall of the oil filter assembly 57. The impurities in the hydraulic oil are blocked in the inside of the bearing cylinder 571, and the clean hydraulic oil passes through the filter hole area 575 to enter the inside of the inner cylinder body 52. Then, the hydraulic oil enters the flow channel 6 through the oil discharge port 56 and is finally output through the first oil port 2.

[0071] When the piston rod 8 contacts the pressure plate 511 on one end close to the outer cylinder body 51, the pressure plate 511 is driven by the piston rod 8 to push the oil pushing plate 59 to move to the inside of the long cylinder body 58. The second spring 512 is compressed and elastically deformed. The hydraulic oil in the long cylinder body 58 enters the U-shaped pipe 516 through the oil discharge pipe 514 and the connecting pipe 515. The hydraulic oil is sprayed on the outer wall of the bearing cylinder 571 through the first oil nozzle 517 and the second oil nozzle 518 which are oppositely arranged. The impurities attached to the inner wall of the bearing cylinder 571 are separated from the filter hole under the washing action of the external hydraulic oil, and the oppositely sprayed hydraulic oil from the first oil nozzle 517 and the second oil nozzle 518 drives the U-shaped pipe 516 to continuously rotate, so that the first oil nozzle 517 and the second oil nozzle 518 continuously change around the outer wall of the bearing cylinder 571, and the outer wall of the bearing cylinder 571 is completely washed.

[0072] By dismounting the bolt between the bearing cylinder 571 and the taking and placing through hole 7, the oil filter assembly 57 can be separated from the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 52 as a whole, then the sealing cover 574 is rotated and dismounted from the bearing cylinder 571, and the impurities in the bearing cylinder 571 can be cleaned.

[0073] It is to be noted that the relational terms herein such as first and second and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, alternatives, and variations can be made in the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator cylinder, comprising a cylinder barrel and a first oil port and a second oil port respectively provided on both sides of an outer wall of the cylinder barrel, characterized in that: Also includes: A piston rod is movably disposed inside the cylinder, one end of which slides through the cylinder in a sealed manner and extends to the outside, wherein the cylinder and one end of the piston rod are respectively rotatably connected to two mechanical arms in the hydraulic excavator; The piston mechanism is movably arranged on one side of the inner cavity of the cylinder and connected to the piston rod. The piston mechanism can automatically adjust the contact pressure between the piston mechanism and the inner wall of the cylinder according to the changes in the hydraulic oil pressure on both sides of the piston mechanism to ensure good sealing performance between the piston mechanism and the inner wall of the cylinder; An oil filter mechanism is provided on one side of the inner cavity of the cylinder, and is used to filter out impurities mixed in the hydraulic oil, quickly clean the impurities collected in the oil filter mechanism, and at the same time provide a buffer when the piston mechanism approaches the first oil port. A flow channel is also provided between the oil filter mechanism and the inner cavity of the cylinder; Multiple access holes are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder to facilitate the cleaning of impurities collected in the oil filter mechanism.

2. A high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston mechanism includes a piston body that is detachably mounted on the outer wall of the piston rod by bolts. Two annular sealing grooves and a sealing ring groove are respectively provided on the outer wall of the piston body. The two annular sealing grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sealing ring grooves. Reinforced seals are provided inside the two annular sealing grooves, and basic seals are provided inside the sealing ring grooves. The reinforced seals and the basic seals are both sealingly and slidingly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder.

3. The high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of receiving grooves are evenly arranged inside the annular sealing groove, annular boosting grooves are arranged at both ends of the piston body, movable holes corresponding to the positions of the plurality of receiving grooves are evenly arranged inside the annular boosting groove, and a lifting hole connected to the movable hole at the corresponding position is arranged at the bottom of each receiving groove.

4. A high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular pressure-bearing plate is sealed and slidably provided inside the two annular boosting grooves, a driving rod is fixedly provided on the side wall of the annular pressure-bearing plate and in each movable hole, a first spring is provided on the outer wall of the driving rod and in the inner sliding sleeve of the movable hole, a wedge-shaped groove is provided at the relative position of the outer wall of the driving rod and the annular sealing groove, guide grooves are provided at the relative positions on both sides of the inner wall of the wedge groove, a lifting column is movably provided above the inside of the wedge groove, sliders are fixedly provided on both sides of the outer wall of the lifting column, the two sliders are respectively slidably provided in the guide grooves at corresponding positions, and a top plate is fixedly provided at one end of the lifting column, which is against the inner wall of the reinforced seal.

5. The high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil filter mechanism includes an outer cylinder body fixedly arranged on one side of the interior of the cylinder, an inner cylinder body fixedly arranged inside the outer cylinder body, an oil passageway formed between the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body, an oil delivery pipe fixedly passing through the interior of the inner cylinder body, a first one-way valve fixedly arranged inside the oil delivery pipe, which only allows hydraulic oil to flow from the flow passage into the cylinder, a plurality of oil return ports connected to the oil passageway are opened on the outer wall of the outer cylinder body away from the flow passage, and a second one-way valve fixedly arranged in each of the oil return ports, which only allows hydraulic oil to flow into the oil passageway.

6. The high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of pairs of mounting through holes are evenly arranged at relative positions on the annular outer walls of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and an oil filter assembly is detachably arranged in the same pair of mounting through holes. The plurality of oil filter assemblies all complete backwashing of their own inner walls through the backwashing assembly, and simultaneously buffer the displacement of the piston mechanism during the backwashing of the oil filter assembly.

7. The high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil filter assembly includes a supporting cylinder sealed in a mounting through hole, a plurality of oil inlets are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the supporting cylinder and located in the oil passage, a filter hole area is arranged on the outer wall of the supporting cylinder and located in the inner cylinder body, a conical tube is fixedly arranged inside the oil inlet to prevent impurities from overflowing, and a sealing cover is threadedly connected to the bottom of the supporting cylinder.

8. The high-performance sealing mechanism for a hydraulic excavator cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The backwash assembly includes a long cylinder fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder, the interior of the long cylinder is sealed and slidably provided with an oil push plate, one end of the oil push plate is fixedly provided with a push rod, which pushes through the long cylinder and is fixedly provided with a pressure plate, the interior of the long cylinder and is provided with a second spring that slides on one side of the oil push plate, a plurality of oil inlet nozzles are evenly fixedly arranged on the side of the outer wall of the long cylinder away from the pressure plate, and a third one-way valve that only allows hydraulic oil to enter the long cylinder is fixedly provided inside each of the oil inlet nozzles, a plurality of oil discharge pipes connected with the interior thereof are also evenly fixedly provided on the outer wall of the long cylinder, the external sealing rotating sleeve of the oil discharge pipe is provided with a connecting pipe, the top of the connecting pipe is fixedly provided with a U-shaped pipe connected with the interior thereof, and a first oil nozzle and a second oil nozzle with opposite oil injection directions are respectively fixedly provided on both sides of the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe.

9. A method for sealing a hydraulic excavator cylinder, characterized in that: For the high-performance sealing mechanism of the hydraulic excavator cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: When the hydraulic excavator is working, when the hydraulic oil enters the flow channel through the first oil port and enters the cylinder cavity through the oil filter mechanism, the side of the piston mechanism close to the oil filter mechanism is pushed by the hydraulic oil and moves. The piston mechanism automatically strengthens the sealing between the piston mechanism and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel by the pressure of the hydraulic oil; Step 2: When the hydraulic oil enters the cylinder through the second oil port, the outer wall of the piston mechanism near the second oil port is subjected to the pressure of the hydraulic oil, causing the piston mechanism to move closer to the oil filter mechanism. At the same time, the side wall of the piston mechanism automatically strengthens the sealing between the piston mechanism and the inner wall of the cylinder due to the pressure of the hydraulic oil. Step 3. In the process of the piston mechanism approaching the oil filter mechanism, the hydraulic oil enters the flow channel after being filtered by the oil filter mechanism and is discharged through the first oil port. At the same time, when the end of the piston rod approaches the oil filter mechanism, the oil filter mechanism immediately hinders the forward speed of the piston mechanism, completing the buffering action on the piston mechanism.

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