Forest soil carbon flux real-time monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a forest soil carbon flux real-time monitoring method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, determining a soil carbon flux monitoring region in advance, and formulating and planning an equipment monitoring distribution position. Real-time monitoring work of forest soil carbon flux can be realized by utilizing a plurality of monitoring devices, processing and analysis work can be completed on monitored and collected forest soil carbon flux related data through a data processing module and a data analysis module, so that the quality of the data can be provided, and the data processing module is matched with a model construction module to construct a model. The method can complete the building of a prediction model, can utilize a machine learning algorithm to optimize and upgrade the prediction model at regular intervals through an algorithm optimization module, can improve the prediction precision and generalization ability of the model, and can not only through the cooperation of the module and the method, do not need workers to carry out complex analysis and processing work, but also improve the prediction precision and generalization ability of the model. Therefore, useful value information can be obtained through mining.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil carbon flux monitoring, in particular to a forest soil carbon flux real-time monitoring method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Forest soil carbon flux monitoring refers to measuring the release and absorption of carbon in forest soil through scientific instruments and methods to assess the carbon cycle process and carbon storage changes in forest ecosystems.

[0003] Currently, forest soil carbon flux monitoring in the prior art involves various types of data, such as meteorological data, soil data, gas concentration data, etc. These data come from different sensors and monitoring equipment, and the data format, sampling frequency, etc. are different, and the integration and analysis of data are relatively complex. These all require professional personnel to perform complex analysis and processing, otherwise it is difficult to mine valuable information, and the calculation and monitoring of soil carbon flux will be affected by various factors in the environment. The existence of these variables will affect the construction of the model and the prediction work, and thus affect the real-time monitoring results of forest soil carbon flux by the staff. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a forest soil carbon flux real-time monitoring method and system to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a forest soil carbon flux real-time monitoring method and system, comprising the following contents:

[0006] S1: Determine the soil carbon flux monitoring area in advance, and develop and plan the device monitoring distribution position;

[0007] S2: Test and adjust the related use equipment, and then install according to the planned position;

[0008] S3: Use the monitoring equipment to monitor the forest soil carbon flux data and complete data collection;

[0009] S4: Receive and send the data obtained by monitoring and collecting;

[0010] S5: Process and analyze the received data;

[0011] S6: Use the related algorithm and the data processed and analyzed to construct a model;

[0012] S7: Use the machine learning optimization algorithm to optimize the model in time, and use the model to calculate the carbon flux;

[0013] S8: According to the results calculated by the model and the related data, manually analyze and correct.

[0014] Preferably, the step S1 comprises the following contents:

[0015] S11: Selecting the suitable carbon flux monitoring area of forest soil, and measuring and collecting the relevant data of the monitoring area;

[0016] S12: After completing the measurement and collection work, formulating and planning the relevant monitoring plan, determining the specific monitoring site in the determined monitoring area, and designing the reasonable sampling point layout.

[0017] Preferably, the step S2 comprises the following contents:

[0018] S21: Before installing the monitoring equipment, test the monitoring equipment used in the monitoring equipment module in advance, and adjust the monitoring equipment in time according to the test result;

[0019] S22: Then, according to the formulated and planned monitoring plan, install the monitoring equipment at the monitoring distribution point corresponding to the monitoring area.

[0020] Preferably, the step S3 comprises the following contents:

[0021] S31: After completing the construction and installation of the monitoring equipment, control the monitoring equipment to monitor the relevant data of the forest soil carbon flux;

[0022] S32: And through the cooperation of the data collection module and the monitoring equipment module, the forest soil carbon flux data collection work is completed.

[0023] Preferably, the step S4 comprises the following contents:

[0024] S41: After completing the forest soil carbon flux data collection work, the data transceiver module can be used to receive the forest soil carbon flux data monitored by the monitoring equipment;

[0025] S42: Then, the data transceiver module transmits the forest soil carbon flux data.

[0026] Preferably, the step S5 comprises the following contents:

[0027] S51: After transmitting the forest soil carbon flux data to the data processing module, the data processing module processes the received forest soil carbon flux data;

[0028] S52: After processing the forest soil carbon flux data, the data analysis module analyzes the relevant useful data.

[0029] Preferably, the step S6 comprises the following contents:

[0030] S61: receiving and analyzing the relevant useful data obtained after processing to build the basic data for the model;

[0031] S62: using the model building module to build a prediction model with the obtained basic data.

[0032] Preferably, the step S7 includes the following contents:

[0033] S71: after the completion of the construction of the prediction model, cooperate with the algorithm optimization model to complete the optimization and upgrading of the prediction model regularly;

[0034] S72: and use the prediction model and the obtained data to calculate the forest carbon flux, and combine the actual observation data to simulate the dynamic process of soil carbon flux using the prediction model to predict the possible future trend.

[0035] Preferably, the step S8 includes the following contents:

[0036] S81: after obtaining the forest carbon flux result using the prediction model, analyze the dynamic relationship between the carbon flux and the monitored forest environment, including temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and other factors;

[0037] S82: after completing the analysis of the dynamic relationship, provide reference data for manual analysis through the sorting and summarizing module, analyze the forest soil carbon flux result in a manual way, and correct the result according to the result.

[0038] Preferably, a real-time monitoring method for forest soil carbon flux, the system comprises: a monitoring device module, a data acquisition module, a data transceiver module, a data processing module, a data analysis module, a model building module, an algorithm optimization module and a sorting and summarizing module, the output end of the monitoring device module is unidirectionally connected with the input end of the data acquisition module, the output end of the data acquisition module is unidirectionally connected with the input end of the data transceiver module, the output end of the data transceiver module is unidirectionally connected with the input end of the data processing module, the output end of the data processing module is unidirectionally connected with the input end of the data analysis module, the output end of the data analysis module is unidirectionally connected with the input end of the model building module, the model building module is bidirectionally connected with the algorithm optimization module, the output end of the algorithm optimization module is unidirectionally connected with the input end of the sorting and summarizing module;

[0039] The monitoring device module is used to cooperate with multiple monitoring devices such as automatic chamber system, portable gas analyzer, LI-8100A soil carbon flux automatic observation system, soil temperature sensor, soil humidity sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor and weather station to complete the real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux;

[0040] The data acquisition module is used for cooperating with the monitoring device module to complete the data acquisition of the carbon flux of the forest soil.

[0041] The data transceiving module is used for receiving the data collected by the data acquisition module and transmitting the data.

[0042] The data processing module is used for receiving the data transmitted by the data transceiving module and processing, time synchronizing, removing noise, supplementing missing values and ensuring the timestamps of all data to be aligned.

[0043] The data analysis module is used for cooperating with the data processing module to analyze the useful data of the forest soil based on the processed data.

[0044] The model construction module is used for cooperating with the random forest algorithm to construct the prediction model of the forest carbon flux based on the data obtained by processing and analysis.

[0045] The algorithm optimization module is used for cooperating with the model construction module to periodically detect the vulnerabilities of the prediction model by using the machine learning optimization algorithm and then complete the patch optimization of the prediction model.

[0046] The collation and summary module is used for timely collating and collecting the forest carbon flux prediction data predicted by the prediction model and summarizing the processed and analyzed data, so as to complete the summary processing of all the above data.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: through the monitoring device module, the real-time monitoring of the forest soil carbon flux can be realized by using multiple monitoring devices; through the data processing module and the data analysis module, the processing and analysis of the forest soil carbon flux related data collected by monitoring can be completed, so as to provide the quality of the data; cooperating with the model construction module, the establishment of the prediction model can be completed; through the algorithm optimization module, the prediction model can be periodically optimized and upgraded by using the machine learning algorithm, so as to improve the prediction accuracy and generalization ability of the model; furthermore, through the cooperation of the modules and methods, the useful value information can be mined without the complex analysis and processing work of the staff; through the monitoring of multiple factors of the forest soil, all the factors can be included in the analysis range in time, so that the analysis and processing of multiple variables can be completed, and the prediction model constructed can be cooperated to ensure the real-time monitoring result of the forest soil carbon flux of the staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] Fig. 1 It is a method flowchart of the present application.

[0049] Fig. 2 It is a system framework diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0051] Please refer to Figs. 1-2 The present application provides a technical solution: a forest soil carbon flux real-time monitoring method and system, comprising the following contents:

[0052] S1: determining the soil carbon flux monitoring area in advance, formulating and planning the device monitoring distribution position;

[0053] S2: testing and adjusting the related use equipment, and then installing according to the planned position;

[0054] S3: using the monitoring equipment to monitor the forest soil carbon flux data and completing data collection;

[0055] S4: receiving and sending the data obtained by monitoring and collecting;

[0056] S5: processing and analyzing the received data;

[0057] S6: constructing a model by using the related algorithm and the data after analysis and processing;

[0058] S7: using the machine learning optimization algorithm to optimize the model in time, and using the model to calculate the carbon flux;

[0059] S8: manually analyzing and correcting according to the results calculated by the model and the related data.

[0060] The step S1 comprises the following contents:

[0061] S11: selecting a suitable carbon flux monitoring area of forest soil, measuring and collecting the related data of the monitoring area;

[0062] S12: after completing the measurement and collection, formulating and planning the related monitoring plan, determining the specific monitoring station in the determined monitoring area, and designing a reasonable sampling point layout.

[0063] The step S2 comprises the following contents:

[0064] S21: before installing the monitoring equipment, testing the monitoring equipment used in the monitoring equipment module in advance, and timely adjusting the monitoring equipment according to the test results;

[0065] S22: Then, according to the formulated and planned monitoring plan, the monitoring equipment is installed at the monitoring distribution points corresponding to the monitoring areas.

[0066] The step S3 includes the following contents:

[0067] S31: After the construction and installation of the monitoring equipment are completed, the monitoring equipment is operated to monitor the relevant data of the forest soil carbon flux;

[0068] S32: The data acquisition module and the monitoring equipment module are used in cooperation to ensure the completion of the forest soil carbon flux data acquisition work.

[0069] The step S4 includes the following contents:

[0070] S41: After the forest soil carbon flux data acquisition work is completed, the data transceiver module is used to receive the forest soil carbon flux data monitored by the monitoring equipment;

[0071] S42: Then, the data transceiver module is used to transmit the forest soil carbon flux data.

[0072] The step S5 includes the following contents:

[0073] S51: After the forest soil carbon flux data is transmitted to the data processing module, the data processing module is used to process the received forest soil carbon flux data;

[0074] S52: After the forest soil carbon flux data is processed, the data analysis module is used to analyze the relevant useful data.

[0075] The step S6 includes the following contents:

[0076] S61: The relevant useful data obtained after the receiving, processing and analyzing are used as the basic data for constructing the model;

[0077] S62: The model construction module is used to construct the prediction model with the obtained basic data.

[0078] The step S7 includes the following contents:

[0079] S71: After the prediction model is constructed, the algorithm optimization model is used in cooperation to regularly optimize and upgrade the prediction model;

[0080] S72: The prediction model and the obtained data are used to calculate the forest carbon flux, and the prediction model is used to simulate the dynamic process of the soil carbon flux and predict the possible future trend in combination with the actual observation data.

[0081] The step S8 comprises the following contents:

[0082] S81: After obtaining the forest carbon flux result by using the prediction model, the dynamic relationship between the carbon flux and the monitored forest environment is analyzed, which includes temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and other factors;

[0083] S82: After the dynamic relationship analysis is completed, the reference data for manual analysis is provided through the sorting and summarizing module, the forest soil carbon flux result is analyzed by manual method, and the correction processing work is performed according to the result.

[0084] The forest soil carbon flux real-time monitoring method comprises a monitoring device module, a data acquisition module, a data transceiver module, a data processing module, a data analysis module, a model building module, an algorithm optimization module and a sorting and summarizing module. The output end of the monitoring device module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the data acquisition module. The output end of the data acquisition module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the data transceiver module. The output end of the data transceiver module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the data processing module. The output end of the data processing module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the data analysis module. The output end of the data analysis module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the model building module. The model building module is bidirectionally connected to the algorithm optimization module. The output end of the algorithm optimization module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the sorting and summarizing module.

[0085] The monitoring device module is used to form cooperation among multiple monitoring devices such as an automatic chamber system, a portable gas analyzer, an LI-8100A soil carbon flux automatic observation system, a soil temperature sensor, a soil humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor and a weather station, so as to complete the real-time monitoring of the carbon flux of the forest soil.

[0086] The data acquisition module is used to cooperate with the monitoring device module to complete the data acquisition of the carbon flux of the forest soil.

[0087] The data transceiver module is used to receive the data collected by the data acquisition module and transmit the data.

[0088] The data processing module is used to receive the data transmitted by the data transceiver module and perform data processing, time synchronization, noise removal, missing value filling and time stamp alignment on the data.

[0089] The data analysis module is used to cooperate with the data processing module to analyze the relevant useful data of the forest soil based on the processed data.

[0090] The model building module is used to build a forest carbon flux prediction model based on the data obtained by processing and analysis and cooperate with a random forest algorithm.

[0091] The algorithm optimization module is used in cooperation with the model construction module to periodically detect the prediction model vulnerabilities through the machine learning optimization algorithm, and then complete the patch optimization of the prediction model.

[0092] The arrangement and collection module is used for timely arranging and collecting the forest carbon flux prediction data predicted by the prediction model, and collecting the data after analysis and processing, so as to complete the collection processing of all the above data.

[0093] Specifically, when the present application is used, a suitable carbon flux monitoring area of forest soil is selected, and measurement and collection of relevant data of the monitoring area are performed. After the measurement and collection are completed, a relevant monitoring plan is formulated and planned, specific monitoring sites in the determined monitoring area are determined, and a reasonable sampling point layout is designed. Before the monitoring equipment is installed, the monitoring equipment used in the monitoring equipment module is tested in advance, and the monitoring equipment is adjusted in a timely manner according to the test results. Then, according to the formulated and planned monitoring plan, the monitoring equipment is installed at the corresponding monitoring distribution points of the monitoring area. After the installation of the monitoring equipment is completed, the monitoring equipment is controlled to monitor the relevant data of the forest soil carbon flux, and the data collection module and the monitoring equipment module are used in cooperation to ensure that the forest soil carbon flux data collection work is completed. After the forest soil carbon flux data collection work is completed, the data received by the monitoring equipment is received through the data transceiver module, and then the forest soil carbon flux data is transmitted through the data transceiver module. After the forest soil carbon flux data is transmitted to the data processing module, the received forest soil carbon flux data is processed through the data processing module. After the forest soil carbon flux data is processed, the relevant useful data is analyzed through the data analysis module. The relevant useful data obtained after being received, processed and analyzed is used as the basic data for constructing a model. The prediction model is constructed by using the model construction module and the obtained basic data. After the prediction model is constructed, the prediction model is periodically optimized and upgraded in cooperation with the algorithm optimization model, and the prediction model and the obtained data are used to calculate the forest carbon flux. In combination with the actual observation data, the prediction model is used to simulate the dynamic process of the soil carbon flux, predict the possible future trend, and obtain the forest carbon flux result by using the prediction model. The dynamic relationship between the carbon flux and the monitored forest environment, including temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and other factors, is analyzed. After the dynamic relationship is analyzed, the reference data for manual analysis is provided through the collation and summary module. The forest soil carbon flux result is analyzed by manual means, and correction processing is performed according to the result. When the model is used in cooperation, the automatic chamber system, the portable gas analyzer, the LI-8100A soil carbon flux automatic observation system, the soil temperature sensor, the soil humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the weather station are used in cooperation to complete the real-time monitoring of the forest soil carbon flux. The data collection module and the monitoring equipment module are used in cooperation to complete the data collection of the forest soil carbon flux. The data collected by the data collection module is received by the data transceiver module, and the data is transmitted. The data processing module is used to receive the data transmitted by the data transceiver module and perform data processing, time synchronization, noise removal, missing value checking and supplementing, and time stamp alignment of all data.Through cooperation of the data analysis module and the data processing module, the related useful data of the forest soil are analyzed according to the processed data, a prediction model of the forest carbon flux is constructed according to the data obtained through processing and analysis and cooperation of the random forest algorithm, the algorithm optimization module is cooperated with the model construction module, the machine learning optimization algorithm is used to regularly detect the vulnerabilities of the prediction model, then the patch optimization of the prediction model is completed, the forest carbon flux prediction data predicted by the prediction model is collected in time through the arrangement and collection module, and the data after analysis and processing are collected, so that all the data are collected and processed.

[0094] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring method for forest soil carbon flux, characterized in that: Includes the following: S1: Determine the soil carbon flux monitoring area in advance and formulate and plan the distribution location of equipment monitoring; S2: Test and adjust the relevant equipment, and then install it according to the planned location; S3: Use monitoring equipment to monitor forest soil carbon flux data and complete data collection; S4: receiving and sending data collected by monitoring; S5: Processing and analyzing the received data; S6: Use relevant algorithms and analyzed data to build models; S7: Use machine learning optimization algorithms to optimize the model in a timely manner and use the model to calculate carbon flux; S8: Perform manual analysis and correction based on the results calculated by the model and related data.

2. The method for real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes the following contents: S11: Select appropriate forest soil carbon flux monitoring areas, conduct measurements, and collect relevant data in the monitoring areas; S12: After completing the measurement and collection work, formulate and plan the relevant monitoring plan, determine the specific monitoring sites within the determined monitoring area, and design a reasonable sampling point layout.

3. The method for real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 includes the following contents: S21: Before installing the monitoring equipment, test the monitoring equipment used in the monitoring equipment module in advance, and adjust the monitoring equipment used in a timely manner according to the test results; S22: Then, according to the formulated and planned monitoring plan, the monitoring equipment is installed at the monitoring distribution points corresponding to the monitoring area.

4. The method for real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 includes the following contents: S31: After completing the construction and installation of the monitoring equipment, operate the monitoring equipment to monitor the relevant data of forest soil carbon flux; S32: The data acquisition module is used in conjunction with the monitoring equipment module to ensure the completion of forest soil carbon flux data collection.

5. The method for real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 includes the following contents: S41: After completing the forest soil carbon flux data collection work, the forest soil carbon flux data monitored by the monitoring equipment can be received by using the data transceiver module; S42: The forest soil carbon flux data is then transmitted through the data transceiver module.

6. The method for real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 includes the following contents: S51: transmitting the forest soil carbon flux data to a data processing module, and processing the received forest soil carbon flux data through the data processing module; S52: After processing the forest soil carbon flux data, relevant useful data are analyzed through the data analysis module.

7. The method for real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S6 includes the following contents: S61: Relevant useful data obtained after receiving, processing and analyzing is used to construct basic data for the model; S62: Utilize the model building module and the obtained basic data to build a prediction model.

8. The method for real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S7 includes the following contents: S71: After the prediction model is built, it is optimized and upgraded regularly by coordinating with the algorithm optimization model; S72: Use the prediction model and the data obtained to calculate the forest carbon flux, and combine it with actual observation data to use the prediction model to simulate the dynamic process of soil carbon flux and predict possible future changes.

9. The method for real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S8 includes the following contents: S81: After using the prediction model to obtain forest carbon flux results, analyze the dynamic relationship between carbon flux and the monitored forest environment, which includes multiple factors such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure; S82: After completing the analysis of the dynamic relationship, the summary module provides reference data for manual analysis, analyzes the forest soil carbon flux results manually, and performs correction processing based on the results.

10. A real-time monitoring system for forest soil carbon flux, characterized by: Based on a real-time monitoring method for forest soil carbon flux according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the system comprises: a monitoring device module, a data acquisition module, a data transceiver module, a data processing module, a data analysis module, a model construction module, an algorithm optimization module and a collating and summarizing module, wherein the output end of the monitoring device module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the data acquisition module, the output end of the data acquisition module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the data transceiver module, the output end of the data transceiver module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the data processing module, the output end of the data processing module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the data analysis module, the output end of the data analysis module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the model construction module, the model construction module is bidirectionally connected to the algorithm optimization module, and the output end of the algorithm optimization module is unidirectionally connected to the input end of the collating and summarizing module; The monitoring equipment module is used to complete real-time monitoring of forest soil carbon flux by utilizing the coordination between multiple monitoring devices such as an automatic chamber system, a portable gas analyzer, an LI-8100A soil carbon flux automatic observation system, a soil temperature sensor, a soil moisture sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and a weather station; The data acquisition module is used to cooperate with the monitoring equipment module to complete the data collection work on the carbon flux of forest soil; The data transceiver module is used to receive the data collected by the data acquisition module and transmit the data; The data processing module is used to receive the data transmitted by the data transceiver module and perform data processing, time synchronization, noise removal, missing value checking and supplementation on the data, and ensure that the timestamps of all data are aligned one by one; The data analysis module is used to cooperate with the data processing module to analyze the processed data for relevant useful data of forest soil; The model building module is used to build a forest carbon flux prediction model based on the data obtained from the processing analysis and in conjunction with the random forest algorithm; The algorithm optimization module is used to cooperate with the model construction module to regularly detect vulnerabilities in the prediction model through machine learning optimization algorithms, and then complete patch optimization of the prediction model; The collating and summarizing module is used to timely sort out and collect the forest carbon flux prediction data predicted by the prediction model, and summarize the analyzed and processed data, so as to complete the summary processing of all the above data.

Images