Method for determining producing area of sandstone

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of testing or analyzing materials by means of measuring chemical or physical properties of the materials, in particular to a method for determining the producing area of sandstone, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a sandstone sample of which the producing area is to be determined and a control sample of which the producing area is known, determining the content of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the sandstone sample and the control sample; determining chemical weathering indexes of the sandstone sample and the control sample; determining the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the sandstone sample and the control sample; determining a production place distribution rule of the control sample; and determining the production place of the sandstone sample according to the chemical weathering indexes of the control sample and the sandstone sample, the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content, the illite content, the montmorillonite content, the chlorite content, the kaolinite content, the chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer content and the illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively and accurately determine the producing area of the sandstone sample of which the producing area is to be determined.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of testing or analyzing materials by means of determining chemical or physical properties of the materials, and in particular to a method for determining the provenance of sandstone. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements herein are merely provided for background information of the present application and do not necessarily constitute the prior art.

[0003] Sandstone is a common sedimentary rock, which is widely distributed on the earth's surface. The provenance of sandstone is closely related to the geological history and depositional environment. By determining the provenance of sandstone, it is beneficial to reconstruct the paleogeographic environment, the evolution history of sedimentary basin and the process of tectonic movement; sandstone usually contains important mineral resources such as uranium and copper, and determining the provenance of sandstone is also beneficial to determine the distribution rule of mineral resources. Therefore, it is necessary to study the technology for determining the provenance of sandstone.

[0004] At present, the technology for determining the provenance of sandstone still has many limitations. SUMMARY

[0005] A brief summary of the application is presented in the following to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the application. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the application. It is not intended to identify key or important parts of the application nor is it intended to limit the scope of the application. Its purpose is merely to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description of a later discussion.

[0006] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining the provenance of sandstone.

[0007] The method comprises the following steps: S10, obtaining a plurality of sandstone samples of a to-be-determined origin; S20, preparing the plurality of sandstone samples into a plurality of sandstone samples of a first particle size and a plurality of sandstone samples of a second particle size, the first particle size being greater than the second particle size; S30, determining the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size; S40, determining the contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3 in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size; S50, determining the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size according to the contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3 in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size determined in the step S40; S60, obtaining a plurality of control samples of known origins, and performing the steps S20-S50 on the plurality of control samples; S70, determining the origin distribution rule of the plurality of control samples according to the origins of the plurality of control samples, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content in the plurality of control samples; S80, determining the origin of the plurality of sandstone samples of the to-be-determined origin according to the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples, the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content in the plurality of sandstone samples and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of sandstone samples, and the origin distribution rule determined in the step S70.

[0008] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application determines the origin distribution pattern of the control sample by determining the chemical weathering index of the control sample, the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the control sample, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the control sample. Therefore, the origin of the sandstone sample to be determined can be effectively determined based on the origin distribution pattern of the control sample, the chemical weathering index of the sandstone sample, the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the sandstone sample, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the sandstone sample. In addition, the complexity of determining the origin of the sandstone sample to be determined can be reduced, the determination efficiency can be improved, and the determination efficiency can be improved. The accuracy of the origin of the rock samples can be determined, which is beneficial to providing reliable and accurate technical support for geological research and resource exploration. At the same time, by preparing the obtained sandstone samples and control samples into samples of the first particle size and samples of the second particle size, the processing work of the obtained sandstone samples and the obtained control samples can be minimized, the intermediate links can be reduced, and the probability of contamination of the samples by the intermediate links can be reduced, which is beneficial to accurately measure the above-mentioned contents and chemical weathering index of the samples. Moreover, by preparing the obtained sandstone samples and control samples into samples of the first particle size and samples of the second particle size, it is convenient to measure the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the obtained samples, as well as the contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3 in the samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Other objects and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will help to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present application.

[0010] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Figure 2 is based on Figure 1 A graph showing the relationship between multiple control samples and multiple classification functions determined by the method is shown.

[0012] Description of reference numerals:

[0013] 21. First category samples; 22. Second category samples; 23. Third category samples; 24. Fourth category samples.

[0014] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description, specific terminology and descriptions are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application can be practiced without using the specific detailed

[0016] It is also to be understood that not all features of a practical implementation are described in the specification. It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with system- and business-related constraints, which can vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.

[0017] In the related art, the origin of sandstone is determined by using chemical composition and mineral composition of sandstone, but there is a problem that the origin of sandstone cannot be effectively determined and the determination accuracy is low in the process of determining the origin of sandstone.

[0018] In view of the above problem, embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining the origin of sandstone.

[0019] Reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 1The embodiment of the present application provides a flowchart of the method, which comprises the following steps: S10, obtaining a plurality of sandstone samples of a to-be-determined origin; S20, preparing the plurality of sandstone samples into a plurality of sandstone samples of a first particle size and a plurality of sandstone samples of a second particle size, the first particle size being greater than the second particle size; S30, determining the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size; S40, determining the contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3 in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size; S50, determining the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content according to the contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3 in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size determined in the step S40; S60, obtaining a plurality of control samples of known origins, and performing the steps S20-S50 on the plurality of control samples; S70, determining the origin distribution rule of the plurality of control samples according to the origins of the plurality of control samples, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples; S80, determining the origin of the plurality of sandstone samples of the to-be-determined origin according to the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples, the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the plurality of sandstone samples and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of sandstone samples and the origin distribution rule determined in the step S70.

[0020] The method provided by the embodiment of the present application can determine the provenance of the to-be-determined sandstone sample according to the provenance distribution rule of the control sample, the chemical weathering index of the sandstone sample, the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the sandstone sample, and the content of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the sandstone sample, can reduce the complexity of determining the provenance of the to-be-determined sandstone sample, improve the determination efficiency, can improve the accuracy of the determined provenance of the sandstone sample, and thus can provide reliable and accurate technical support for geological research and resource exploration. Meanwhile, the sandstone sample and the control sample are prepared into samples of the first particle size and samples of the second particle size, which can minimize the processing work of the obtained sandstone sample and the obtained control sample, reduce intermediate links, and thus reduce the pollution probability of the intermediate links to the samples, and is conducive to accurately measuring the above-mentioned contents and the chemical weathering index of the samples. Furthermore, the sandstone sample and the control sample are prepared into samples of the first particle size and samples of the second particle size, which facilitates the measurement of the content of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the obtained samples and the content of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO, and Al2O3 in the samples.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first particle size can be 60-80 mesh, so as to facilitate the measurement of the content of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the sample of the first particle size. For example, the first particle size can be 70 mesh.

[0022] In some embodiments, the second particle size can be 200 mesh, so as to facilitate the measurement of the content of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO, and Al2O3 in the sample of the second particle size.

[0023] In some embodiments, in the step S20, each sandstone sample can be processed to prepare one sandstone sample of the first particle size and one sandstone sample of the second particle size, that is, the number of sandstone samples of the first particle size and the number of sandstone samples of the second particle size are the same as the number of obtained sandstone samples; in the step S60, the processing of the obtained control sample is the same as above.

[0024] In some embodiments, in the step S60, at least three control samples are obtained from each production area when the plurality of control samples are obtained. In such embodiments, at least three control samples are obtained from each production area so as to avoid random errors in subsequent processes and improve the accuracy of the subsequent determination of the content and chemical weathering index.

[0025] In some embodiments, in the step S70, the following steps can also be included: S71, determining a plurality of characteristic values related to the production area of the control samples according to the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples; S72, determining the contribution rate of each characteristic value in determining the production area according to the plurality of characteristic values; S73, determining a plurality of characteristic values with a contribution rate sum greater than a preset contribution rate value according to the contribution rate of each characteristic value in determining the production area; S74, determining a plurality of classification functions related to the production area of sandstone according to the plurality of characteristic values determined in the step S73, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples; and S75, determining the production distribution rule of the plurality of control samples according to the plurality of classification functions determined in the step S74, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples. Since the contribution rate sum of the plurality of characteristic values determined in the step S73 is greater than the preset contribution rate value, the embodiments of the present application can determine the production distribution rule of the plurality of control samples according to the plurality of characteristic values determined in the step S73, thereby ensuring accuracy, reducing determination difficulty, and improving determination efficiency.

[0026] In some embodiments, the preset contribution rate value can be 80%.

[0027] In some embodiments, in the step S74, the number of classification functions determined is equal to the number of characteristic values determined in the step S73.

[0028] Specifically, the contribution rate of each characteristic value in determining the production area satisfies the following relationship

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, P is the contribution rate of each characteristic value, λ i is the characteristic value whose contribution rate is to be determined, λ jThe jth feature value determined in S71 and related to the origin of the control sample; n is the number of feature values determined in S71 and related to the origin of the control sample, and j is the summation ordinal number.

[0031] In some embodiments, in S72, the plurality of feature values determined in S71 can be sorted in size order to facilitate determination of the plurality of feature values whose contribution rate sum is greater than the preset contribution rate value.

[0032] In some embodiments, in S74, the following steps can also be included: S741, determining that the plurality of classification functions related to the origin of the sandstone satisfy the following relationship:

[0033] Y = ∑aC i +bX+eR+d,

[0034] In the formula, Y is the classification function value, a, b, e, and d are parameters, C i is the content of illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer in the control sample or the sandstone sample, X is the chemical weathering index of the control sample or the sandstone sample, R is the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the control sample or the sandstone sample; S742, determining a, b, e, and d according to the plurality of feature values determined in S73, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples, and the content of illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, as well as the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples. Since the contribution rate sum of the plurality of feature values determined in S73 is greater than the preset contribution rate value, in the embodiments of the present application, a, b, e, and d are determined according to the plurality of feature values determined in S73, which can not only ensure the accuracy of the determined a, b, e, and d, but also reduce the determination difficulty and improve the determination efficiency; and in the embodiments of the present application, the plurality of classification functions related to the origin of the sandstone are determined through the above relationship, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of determining the classification functions related to the origin of the sandstone.

[0035] In some embodiments, in the step S71, the following steps can also be included: S711, determining the mean value of the chemical weathering index of the plurality of samples according to the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples; S712, determining the mean value of the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in the plurality of control samples according to the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in the plurality of control samples; S713, determining the mean value of the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples according to the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples; S714, determining the difference between the chemical weathering index of each control sample and the mean value determined in the step S711 according to the mean value determined in the step S711 and the chemical weathering index of each control sample; S715, determining the difference between the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in each control sample and the mean value determined in the step S712 according to the mean value determined in the step S712 and the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in each control sample; S716, determining the difference between the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of each control sample and the mean value determined in the step S713 according to the mean value determined in the step S713 and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of each control sample; S717, determining the plurality of characteristic values related to the origin of the control samples according to the difference determined in the step S714, the difference determined in the step S715 and the difference determined in the step S716. In such embodiments, the plurality of characteristic values related to the origin of the control samples are determined according to the difference between the chemical weathering index of each control sample and the mean value of the chemical weathering index of the control samples, the difference between the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of each control sample and the mean value of the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the control samples, and the difference between the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in each control sample and the mean value of the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in the control samples, so that the plurality of characteristic values related to the origin of the control samples determined can comprehensively reflect the characteristics of each origin, thereby facilitating the efficiency and accuracy in subsequent determination of the origin of the plurality of sandstone samples to be determined.

[0036] In some embodiments, in the step S717, the following steps can also be included: S7171, determining a first vector composed of the difference values determined in the step S714; S7172, determining a plurality of second vectors composed of the difference values determined in the step S715; S7173, determining a third vector composed of the difference values determined in the step S716; S7174, determining a matrix composed of the first vector, the plurality of second vectors and the third vector; S7175, determining an intermediate matrix related to the provenance of the reference samples according to the matrix determined in the step S7174; S7176, determining a plurality of eigenvalues related to the provenance of the sandstone according to the intermediate matrix determined in the step S7175.

[0037] Specifically, the matrix D determined in the step S7174 is

[0038]

[0039] wherein d 11 to d m1 represent the difference values determined in the step S714, d 12 to d m2 , d 13 to d m3 , d 14 to d m4 , d 15 to d m5 , d 16 to d m6 , d 17 to d m7 represent the difference values determined in the step S715; d 18 to d m8 represent the difference values determined in the step S716, and m is the number of the reference samples; the intermediate matrix ∑ determined in the step S7175 satisfies the following relationship with the matrix D determined in the step S7174

[0040]

[0041] The intermediate matrix ∑ determined in the step S7175 and the plurality of eigenvalues related to the provenance of the sandstone satisfy the following relationship

[0042] det(∑-λI)=0,

[0043] wherein λ is the eigenvalue related to the provenance of the sandstone, and I is a unit matrix with the same number of elements as the intermediate matrix ∑.

[0044] In some embodiments, in the step S742, the following steps can also be included: S7421, determining a plurality of intermediate vectors V i; S7422, multiplying the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples and the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, illite / smectite mixed layer content in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples by the intermediate vector V determined in S7421, and summing the results to determine a, b, e, and d. i , the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples and the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, illite / smectite mixed layer content in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples, to determine a, b, e, and d.

[0045] In particular, the plurality of characteristic values determined in S73, the intermediate matrix ∑ determined in S7175, and the intermediate vector V i satisfy the following relationship

[0046] (∑-λ i I)V i = 0,

[0047] where λ i is the ith eigenvalue determined in S73.

[0048] In some embodiments, in the S7422 step, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples and the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, illite / smectite mixed layer content in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples can be multiplied by the corresponding intermediate vector V i and summed to determine a, b, e, and d.

[0049] In some embodiments, in the S75 step, the following steps can also be included: S751, determining the plurality of classification function values corresponding to each control sample according to the plurality of classification functions determined in the S74 step, the chemical weathering index of each control sample, and the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, illite / smectite mixed layer content in each control sample, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of each control sample; S752, determining a relationship diagram of the plurality of control samples and the plurality of classification functions; S753, determining the position of each control sample in the relationship diagram according to the plurality of classification function values corresponding to each control sample; S754, determining the origin distribution regularity of the plurality of control samples according to the positions of the plurality of control samples in the relationship diagram and the origins of each control sample. In such embodiments, by determining the relationship diagram of the plurality of classification functions, the origin distribution regularity of the control samples can be intuitively displayed and determined through the relationship diagram, and then the origin of the sandstone sample to be determined can be determined through the origin distribution regularity of the control samples.

[0050] In some embodiments, step S80 may further include the following steps: S81, determining multiple classification function values ​​corresponding to each sandstone sample based on the chemical weathering index of multiple sandstone samples, the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of multiple sandstone samples, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in multiple sandstone samples, and the multiple classification functions determined in step S74; S82, determining the position of each sandstone sample in the relationship diagram based on the multiple classification function values ​​corresponding to each sandstone sample; S83, determining the origin of multiple sandstone samples whose origin is to be determined based on the position of each sandstone sample in the relationship diagram and the origin distribution pattern of multiple control samples. In such an embodiment, since samples of the same origin are distributed in the same area in the relationship diagram, in such an embodiment, the position of each sandstone sample in the relationship diagram is determined according to the distribution of the sandstone samples of the to-be-determined origin in the relationship diagram and the multiple classification function values ​​corresponding to each sandstone sample, and the control samples of the same origin as the sandstone samples of the to-be-determined origin are determined according to the position of each sandstone sample in the relationship diagram and the origin distribution pattern of the multiple control samples. In this way, the origin of the sandstone samples of the to-be-determined origin can be determined according to the origin of the control samples, which is conducive to intuitively and efficiently determining the origin of the sandstone samples of the to-be-determined origin.

[0051] In some embodiments, before step S70, the method further includes: S700, correcting the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size determined in step S30. In step S71, determining a plurality of characteristic values ​​related to the origin of the reference samples based on the chemical weathering index of the plurality of reference samples and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer corrected in step S700, as well as the ratios of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the plurality of reference samples. In such an embodiment, the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in multiple sandstone samples of the first particle size are first corrected, and then multiple characteristic values ​​related to the origin of the control sample are determined based on the corrected contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer. This can reduce the complexity of the process of determining the multiple characteristic values ​​related to the origin of the control sample and simplify the operation of determining the multiple characteristic values ​​related to the origin of the control sample.

[0052] In some embodiments, in step S700, the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, illite / smectite mixed layer content in the measured plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size is multiplied by 100 to obtain the corrected illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, illite / smectite mixed layer content.

[0053] In some embodiments, in step S30, the following steps can also be included: S31, pressing the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size into a plurality of pressed samples; S32, repeatedly measuring the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer content in the plurality of pressed samples, and taking the average of the repeated measurements as the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer content in the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size. In such embodiments, pressing the sandstone samples of the first particle size into pressed samples can reduce the voids in the samples, ensure measurement accuracy, and facilitate accurate measurement of the content, thereby improving the accuracy of the measured illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer content; and repeatedly measuring the pressed samples and taking the average of the repeated measurements as the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer content in the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size can avoid accidental errors during measurement, and also facilitate improving the accuracy of the measured illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer content.

[0054] In some embodiments, in step S31, a tablet press can be used to press the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size into a plurality of pressed samples. Specifically, the pressure of the tablet press can be set to a maximum of 20 tons, and constant pressure pressing can be performed for 1 minute.

[0055] Embodiments of the present application facilitate ensuring that the internal structure of the pressed samples obtained by constant pressure pressing the sandstone samples of the first particle size is uniform, and facilitate accurate measurement of the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer content.

[0056] In some embodiments, in step S32, X-ray can be used to measure the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer, and illite / smectite mixed layer content in the pressed samples. Specifically, the X-ray tube voltage can be set to a maximum of 50 kV, the current can be set to a maximum of 100 mA, and the detection time can be set to 30 seconds.

[0057] In some embodiments, in the step S32, 3-10 measurements can be performed for each tablet sample, and the average of the 3-10 measurements is taken as the content of illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer and illite / smectite mixed layer in the first-granularity sandstone sample. For example, 5 measurements can be performed for each tablet sample.

[0058] In some embodiments, before the step S31, the method can further comprise: S300, pretreating the plurality of first-granularity sandstone samples with H2O2 or dilute acetic acid, and extracting clay particles with particle size less than 2 pm by using a sedimentation method or a centrifugation method. In the step S31, the clay particles extracted in the step S300 are pressed into tablet samples. In such embodiments, the plurality of first-granularity sandstone samples are treated with H2O2 or dilute acetic acid, so that the first-granularity sandstone samples can be converted into clay particles, facilitating the subsequent extraction of clay particles with particle size less than 2 pm; at the same time, the plurality of first-granularity sandstone samples are treated with H2O2 or dilute acetic acid, which can avoid the influence of the added reagents on the illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer and illite / smectite mixed layer in the first-granularity sandstone samples, and is conducive to accurately measuring the content of illite, smectite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / smectite mixed layer and illite / smectite mixed layer in the first-granularity sandstone samples; and the extraction of clay particles with particle size less than 2 pm facilitates the pressing of the clay particles into tablet samples in the step S31.

[0059] In some embodiments, in the step S40, the method can further comprise the following steps: S41, purifying the plurality of second-granularity sandstone samples to remove calcite in the plurality of second-granularity sandstone samples; S42, digesting the plurality of second-granularity sandstone samples after the purification; and S43, determining the content of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3 in the plurality of second-granularity sandstone samples after the digestion. In such embodiments, the purification of the plurality of second-granularity sandstone samples can remove the calcite crystals in the plurality of second-granularity sandstone samples, avoiding the influence of the calcite crystals on the measurement of the content of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3; and the digestion of the plurality of second-granularity sandstone samples after the pretreatment facilitates the measurement of the content of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3.

[0060] In some embodiments, in the step S41, the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size can be purified by using dilute hydrochloric acid. In such embodiments, the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size are pretreated by using dilute hydrochloric acid, which can remove calcite crystals in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size, while avoiding affecting the measurement of the contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3 in the plurality of second particle sizes, thereby facilitating to ensure the accuracy of the measured contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3.

[0061] In some embodiments, in the step S42, the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size after the purification treatment are digested by using mixed acid HNO3-HF-HClO4. In such embodiments, the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size after the purification treatment are digested by using mixed acid HNO3-HF-HClO4, which can ensure the high purity of the reagents used for digestion, avoid introducing impurities in the digestion process, and thus avoid affecting the accuracy of the measured contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3.

[0062] In some embodiments, in the step S50, the method can further include: determining that the content of CaO is greater than the content of Na2O, and determining the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size according to the contents of K2O, Na2O and Al2O3. In the digestion process, CaO and Na2O will interfere with each other, resulting in inaccurate measured contents of CaO or Na2O. The embodiments of the present application can avoid the influence of inaccurate measured contents of CaO on the determined chemical weathering index, so as to ensure the accuracy of the determined chemical weathering index, by determining that the content of CaO is greater than the content of Na2O, and determining the chemical weathering index according to the contents of K2O, Na2O and Al2O3.

[0063] In some embodiments, the chemical weathering index, the content of K2O, the content of Na2O and the content of Al2O3 of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size satisfy the following relationship:

[0064] Z = 2 x Al2O3 / (Al2O3 + 2Na2O + K2O) x 100,

[0065] In the formula, Z represents the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size, Al2O3 represents the content of Al2O3, Na2O represents the content of Na2O, and K2O represents the content of K2O. In such embodiments, according to the above relationship, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size can be accurately determined.

[0066] In some embodiments, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size, the K2O content, the Na2O content, and the Al2O3 content satisfy the following relationship:

[0067] In some embodiments, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size, the K2O content, the Na2O content, and the Al2O3 content satisfy the following relationship:

[0068] Z = 2 x Al2O3 / (Al2O3+ CaO+ Na2O+ K2O) x 100,

[0069] In the formula, Z represents the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size, Al2O3 represents the Al2O3 content, CaO represents the CaO content, Na2O represents the Na2O content, and K2O represents the K2O content. In such embodiments, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size can be accurately determined according to the above relationship.

[0070] The process of determining the origin of sandstone using the method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below. A total of 21 samples of known origin are provided, which are all Cretaceous sandstone samples, and the 21 samples are from the Songliao Basin, the Eren Basin, the Ordos Basin, and the Junggar Basin, respectively. Specifically, 5 samples are from the Songliao Basin, 4 samples are from the Eren Basin, 8 samples are from the Ordos Basin, and 4 samples are from the Junggar Basin.

[0071] (1) First, the 21 samples described above are made into 21 samples of 70 mesh and 21 samples of 200 mesh according to 70 mesh and 200 mesh, respectively; then, the 21 samples of 70 mesh are treated using dilute acetic acid, and the treated clay particles with a particle size of less than 2 μm are extracted; then, the clay particles are pressed into 21 tablet samples using a tablet press under a pressure of 20 tons for 1 minute.

[0072] (2) After that, the X-ray tube voltage is set to the maximum value of 50 kV, the current is set to the maximum value of 100 mA, and the detection time is set to 30 seconds, and the X-ray emitted by the X-ray tube is used to measure the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer contents in the 21 tablet samples, each tablet sample is measured 5 times, and the average value of the 5 measurements is taken as the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in each 70g sample.

[0073] (3) The 21 200g samples are pretreated with dilute hydrochloric acid, after pretreatment, the pretreated 21 200g samples are digested with HNO3-HF-HClO4, and the SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO, and Al2O3 contents in the digested 21 200g samples are measured; after that, according to the measured SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO, and Al2O3 contents in the 21 200g samples, the chemical weathering index and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of each 200g sample are determined.

[0074] Referring to Table 1 below, the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer contents in the 21 70g samples, and the chemical weathering index X of the 21 200g samples and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the 21 200g samples are shown in Table 1 below.

[0075] Table 1 Contents, chemical weathering index, and ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content in 21 samples

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] (4) The illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer contents in the 21 70g samples are multiplied by 100 for correction; after that, according to the chemical weathering index of the 21 200g samples and the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer contents in the corrected 21 70g samples, and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the 21 200g samples, the intermediate matrix ∑ is determined.

[0079] Referring to Table 2 below, the elements in the determined intermediate matrix ∑ are shown in Table 2.

[0080] Table 2 Elements in the determined intermediate matrix ∑

[0081]

[0082] (5) According to the above intermediate matrix, 8 eigenvalues are calculated; then the contribution rate of the 8 eigenvalues and the sum of the contribution rates (also referred to as cumulative contribution rate) are calculated.

[0083] Referring to Table 3 below, the 8 calculated eigenvalues, the contribution rates of the 8 eigenvalues and the cumulative contribution rates of the 8 eigenvalues are shown in Table 3.

[0084] Table 3 Eigenvalues, contribution rates of eigenvalues and cumulative contribution rates determined

[0085] Eigenvalue Contribution rate (%) Cumulative contribution rate (%) 1 1420.314 71.691 71.691 2 425.752 21.490 93.181 3 77.204 3.897 97.078 4 40.842 2.061 99.139 5 11.197 0.565 99.705 6 4.714 0.238 99.942 7 1.134 0.057 100.000 8 0.006 0.000 100.000

[0086] As can be seen from Table 3, the first seven eigenvalues are all greater than 1, wherein the first eigenvalue λ1 reaches 1420.314, the contribution rate reaches 71.691%; the second eigenvalue λ2 is 425.752, the contribution rate is 93.181%, the third eigenvalue λ3 is 77.204, the contribution rate is 97.078%, wherein the cumulative contribution rate of the first two eigenvalues has reached 93.181% which is greater than the preset contribution rate value 80%, therefore the first classification function and the second classification function related to the origin of sandstone are determined according to the first two eigenvalues.

[0087] Referring to Table 4 below, the coefficients in the first classification function and the second classification function determined according to the first two eigenvalues are shown in Table 4.

[0088] Table 4 Coefficients in the classification functions determined

[0089] First classification function Second classification function Illite -0.120 0.313 Chlorite -0.086 0.285 Montmorillonite 0.096 -0.048 Kaolinite -0.003 -0.010 Chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer 0.524 -0.437 Illite / montmorillonite mixed layer -0.430 -0.691 X -0.003 0.003 SiO2 / Al2O3 0.032 -0.022

[0090] According to the coefficients in Table 4 above, the first classification function and the second classification function determined are

[0091] Y1 = -0.12 x Ill - 0.086 x Chl + 0.096 x Mnt - 0.003 x Kln + 0.524 x CM -

[0092] 0.43 x IM - 0.003 x X + 0.032 x SiO2 / Al2O3,

[0093] Y2 = 0.313 x Ill + 0.285 x Chl - 0.048 x Mnt - 0.01 x Kln - 0.437 x CM -

[0094] 0.691 x IM + 0.003 x X - 0.022 x SiO2 / Al2O3,

[0095] Wherein, Y1 and Y2 are the first classification function values ​​and the second classification function values, Ill is the illite content, Chl is the chlorite content, Mnt is the montmorillonite content, Kln is the kaolinite content, CM is the chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer content, IM is the illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content, X is the chemical weathering index, and SiO2 / Al2O3 is the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content.

[0096] (6) With the first classification function as the horizontal axis and the second classification function as the vertical axis, the relationship diagram between the 21 samples and the first classification function and the second classification function is determined as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 2 is based on Figure 1 The relationship between multiple control samples and multiple classification functions determined by the method shown is shown. Figure 2 The 21 sandstone samples from different geographical sources show a clear clustering pattern, falling into four main categories: Sample 21 from the Songliao Basin, Sample 22 from the Erlian Basin, Sample 23 from the Ordos Basin, and Sample 24 from the Junggar Basin. Samples 21 and 23 are well clustered, making their distribution patterns easy to determine. Samples 22 and 24 are also well clustered, with close spacing between them, making their distribution patterns easily determined.

[0097] (7) Determine the first classification function value Y1 and the second classification function value Y2 corresponding to each sandstone sample based on the chemical weathering index of the multiple sandstone samples, the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the multiple sandstone samples, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the multiple sandstone samples, as well as the above-mentioned first classification function and second classification function; S82, determine the first classification function value Y1 and the second classification function value Y2 corresponding to each sandstone sample based on the first classification function value Y1 and the second classification function value Y2 corresponding to each sandstone sample. Figure 2 S83, according to the position of each sandstone sample in Figure 2 The origins of multiple sandstone samples to be determined are determined based on their positions in the sample and the distribution patterns of the above four types of samples.

[0098] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0099] The above are only specific implementation methods of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the origin of sandstone, characterized in that: The method comprises: S10, obtaining multiple sandstone samples of the to-be-determined origin; S20, preparing the plurality of sandstone samples into a plurality of sandstone samples with a first particle size and a plurality of sandstone samples with a second particle size, wherein the first particle size is greater than the second particle size; S30, determining the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size; S40, determining the contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO, and Al2O3 in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size; S50, determining the chemical weathering index and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size according to the SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO and Al2O3 contents in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size determined in step S40; S60, obtaining a plurality of control samples of known origin, and performing steps S20 to S50 on the plurality of control samples; S70, determining a distribution pattern of origins of the plurality of control samples based on the origins of the plurality of control samples, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples, the content of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content in the plurality of control samples; S80. Determine the origin of the multiple sandstone samples to be determined based on the chemical weathering index of the multiple sandstone samples, the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content of the multiple sandstone samples, and the content of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the multiple sandstone samples, as well as the origin distribution pattern determined in step S70.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S70, the following steps are also included: S71. Determine a plurality of characteristic values ​​associated with the origin of the control samples based on the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples; S72. Determine, based on the multiple characteristic values, a contribution rate of each characteristic value in determining the origin; S73. Determine, based on the contribution rate of each characteristic value in determining the place of origin, a plurality of characteristic values ​​whose sum of contribution rates is greater than a preset contribution rate value; S74. Determine a plurality of classification functions related to the origin of the sandstone based on the plurality of characteristic values ​​determined in step S73, the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the plurality of control samples; S75. Determine the origin distribution pattern of the multiple control samples based on the multiple classification functions determined in step S74, the chemical weathering index of the multiple control samples, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the multiple control samples, as well as the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content in the multiple control samples.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that In step S74, the following steps are also included: S741. Determine whether multiple classification functions related to the origin of sandstone conform to the following relationship: Y=∑aC i +bX+eR+d, Where Y is the symbolic value related to the origin of sandstone, a, b, e, d are parameters, and C i is the content of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, or illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the control sample or the sandstone sample, X is the chemical weathering index of the control sample or the sandstone sample, and R is the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content in the control sample or the sandstone sample; S742. Determine a, b, e and d based on the multiple characteristic values ​​determined in step S73, the chemical weathering index of the multiple control samples and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the multiple control samples, and the ratio of SiO2 content to Al2O3 content in the multiple control samples.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that In step S71, the following steps are also included: S711. Determine an average value of the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples according to the chemical weathering index of the plurality of control samples; S712. Determine the average values ​​of the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples based on the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of control samples; S713. Determine an average of the ratios of the SiO 2 content to the Al 2 O 3 content of the plurality of control samples according to the ratios of the SiO 2 content to the Al 2 O 3 content of the plurality of control samples; S714. Determine, based on the mean value determined in step S711 and the chemical weathering index of each of the control samples, the difference between the chemical weathering index of each of the control samples and the mean value determined in step S711; S715. Determine the difference between the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in each of the control samples and the mean value determined in step S712, based on the mean value determined in step S712 and the illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer content in each of the control samples; S716. Determine, based on the mean value determined in step S713 and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of each of the control samples, the difference between the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of each of the control samples and the mean value determined in step S713; S717. Determine the multiple characteristic values ​​related to the origin of the control sample based on the difference determined in step S714, the difference determined in step S715, and the difference determined in step S716.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that In step S75, the following steps are also included: S751, determining a plurality of classification function values ​​corresponding to each of the control samples according to the plurality of classification functions determined in step S74, the chemical weathering index of each of the control samples, and the content of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in each of the control samples, and the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of each of the control samples; S752, determining a relationship diagram between the plurality of control samples and the plurality of classification functions; S753, determining a position of each control sample in the relationship graph according to a plurality of classification function values ​​corresponding to each control sample; S754: Determine the distribution pattern of the origins of the multiple control samples based on the positions of the multiple control samples in the relationship diagram and the origin of each of the control samples.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In step S80, the following steps are also included: S81, determining a plurality of classification function values ​​corresponding to each of the sandstone samples based on the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples, the ratio of the SiO2 content to the Al2O3 content of the plurality of sandstone samples, and the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the plurality of sandstone samples, and the plurality of classification functions determined in step S74; S82. Determine the position of each sandstone sample in the relationship graph according to multiple classification function values ​​corresponding to each sandstone sample; S83. Determine the origins of the multiple sandstone samples whose origins are to be determined based on the position of each sandstone sample in the relationship diagram and the origin distribution pattern of the multiple control samples.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S30, the following steps are also included: S31, pressing the plurality of sandstone samples of the first particle size into a plurality of pressed tablet samples; S32. Repeatedly measure the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the multiple pressed samples, and take the average value of the multiple repeated measurements as the contents of illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, chlorite / montmorillonite mixed layer, and illite / montmorillonite mixed layer in the multiple sandstone samples of the first particle size.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S40, the following steps are also included: S41, performing purification treatment on the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size to remove calcite in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size; S42, digesting and purifying the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size; S43. Determine the contents of SiO 2 , K 2 O, Na 2 O, CaO, and Al 2 O 3 in the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size after digestion.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that In step S41 , the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size are purified using dilute hydrochloric acid.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that In step S42, the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size that have been purified are digested using a mixed acid HNO3-HF-HClO4.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S50, the following is also included: It is determined that the CaO content is greater than the Na2O content, and the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size is determined based on the K2O content, the Na2O content, and the Al2O3 content.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S50, the following is also included: The CaO content is determined to be less than or equal to the Na2O content, and the chemical weathering index of the plurality of sandstone samples of the second particle size is determined based on the K2O content, the Na2O content, the CaO content, and the Al2O3 content.

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