Indirect thunder and lightning test device

Abstract

The invention discloses an indirect thunder and lightning test device which is characterized in that a separating and fixing mechanism is mounted in a protective shell and divides the interior of the protective shell into two accommodating bins, and a high-voltage power supply body is mounted in one accommodating bin; a liquid storage box used for storing cooling liquid is embedded in the other end of the top plate, a cooling column is embedded in the position, located at the bottom of the mounting ring, of one end of the top plate, and liquid conveying pipes used for communicating the liquid storage box with the cooling column are embedded in one side and the other side of the top plate; the circuit board is integrated with multi-stage protection components used for coping with indirect thunder and lightning, the multi-stage protection components comprise a first-stage protection component, a second-stage protection component and a third-stage protection component, the first-stage protection component is a transient suppression diode, and the second-stage protection component is a low-pass filter; the low-pass filter mainly adopts an LC filter and comprises a capacitor and an inductor. According to the invention, high-frequency noise and interference in the circuit can be effectively reduced for multiple times, the system stability is improved, and the circuit board can be rapidly cooled.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lightning protection technology, and in particular to an indirect lightning test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Indirect lightning refers to the phenomenon that during lightning activity, through direct strike or induction of lightning on buildings or equipment, the voltage and current in the circuit system are caused to surge, thereby causing damage to the equipment or system. Indirect lightning can be conducted into equipment or buildings through various channels.

[0003] High-voltage power supply systems play an important role in power transmission and distribution. However, these systems are often exposed to outdoor or complex environments and are extremely susceptible to lightning. In order to reduce the loss caused by indirect lightning, a protection and reinforcement device for indirect lightning is needed to protect the high-voltage power supply.

[0004] Existing high-voltage power supply protection technologies include lightning rods, lightning arresters, electromagnetic shields, and filters, etc. However, these methods are not always ideal when facing the interference of indirect effects of lightning. The existing technology has the following shortcomings: high voltage and electromagnetic interference caused by indirect effects of lightning are difficult to fully protect, and the high-voltage power supply protection technology in the existing technology may also fail due to its own overheating during energy absorption. Therefore, the adaptability and reliability of the existing high-voltage power supply protection in different environments need to be further improved, thus the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide an indirect lightning test device that can effectively reduce high-frequency noise and interference in the circuit multiple times, improve system stability, and also facilitate rapid cooling of the circuit board, thereby reducing the probability of protection failure caused by overheating of its own components when the circuit board is subjected to indirect lightning.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: an indirect lightning test device, comprising a protective shell, a separation fixing mechanism is installed inside the protective shell to separate the inside of the protective shell into two containing compartments, a high-voltage power supply body is installed in one of the containing compartments, a bearing mechanism is installed in the other containing compartment, a detachable circuit board for protecting against indirect lightning is installed on the bearing mechanism, a detachable top cover is installed on the top of the protective shell, mounting blocks are installed on the outer walls of both ends of the protective shell, a cooling mechanism for cooling the circuit board is installed at the bottom and inside of the protective shell, an exhaust mechanism is installed on the top cover, a slot is formed at the bottom of the outer wall of one side of the protective shell, the cooling mechanism comprises a top plate and a bottom plate inserted into the slot, a mounting ring is embeddedly installed at the bottom of the circuit board on the outer wall of the protective shell, an air inlet fan is installed in the mounting ring, a liquid storage box for storing cooling liquid is embeddedly installed at the other end of the top plate, a cooling column is embeddedly installed at the bottom of the mounting ring at one end of the top plate, the cooling column is a hollow honeycomb structure, liquid delivery pipes for connecting the liquid storage box and the cooling column are embeddedly installed on one side and the other side of the top plate, a first liquid pumping pump for pumping the cooling liquid in the liquid storage box into the cooling column is installed at one end of the cooling column on the outer wall of one of the liquid delivery pipes, a second liquid pumping pump for pumping the cooling liquid in the cooling column into the liquid storage box is installed at one end of the cooling column on the outer wall of the other liquid delivery pipe, positioning columns are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the top plate, positioning slots are formed at the four corners of the top of the bottom plate, an air inlet channel and a heat dissipation channel are formed at one end and the other end of the top of the bottom plate, respectively, and the fitting of the top plate and the bottom plate is completed by inserting the positioning columns into the positioning slots.

[0007] The further improved technical scheme in the above technical scheme is as follows:

[0008] 1. In the above scheme, detachable square L-shaped air inlet tubes are sealingly inserted into the two air inlets of the air inlet channel, a filter plate is installed at the air inlet tube opening of the square air inlet tube, a rain cover is installed at the top of the square air inlet tube, air enters the air inlet channel through the gap between the square air inlet tube and the rain cover, hollow columns are rotatably connected to the inner walls at both ends of the bottom of the air inlet channel, a plurality of blades with hollow structures are installed on the outer wall of the hollow column, a plurality of through holes are installed on the outer wall of the blade, and the hollow part of the blade is filled with a desiccant.

[0009] 2. In the above scheme, the exhaust mechanism is located at the top of the high-voltage power supply body, the exhaust mechanism comprises a fixing ring embeddedly installed in the top cover, an exhaust fan is installed in the fixing ring, a conical cover is installed at the top of the fixing ring, and air is exhausted through the gap between the fixing ring and the conical cover.

[0010] 3. In the scheme, the bearing mechanism includes two fixed tracks mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the other containing bin, two tripods are slidingly connected between the two fixed tracks, limit slot blocks are mounted on the two ends of the opposite side outer wall of the two tripods, first fixing holes are opened on the limit slot blocks, a plurality of limit holes are opened on the two ends of the inner wall of the bottom of the other containing bin, the positions of the limit holes correspond to the positions of the first fixing holes on the limit slot blocks, a cross piece is mounted on the top outer wall of the tripod, a slide rod is embeddedly mounted on the inner wall of the cross piece, slide blocks are slidingly sleeved on the two ends of the slide rod, mounting slot blocks are mounted on the inner walls of the slide blocks, second fixing holes adapted to the mounting slots on the circuit board are opened on the mounting slot blocks, a plurality of fixing slots are opened on the top of the cross piece, fixing blocks are mounted on the top of the slide blocks, third fixing holes adapted to the fixing slots are opened on the fixing blocks, the fixing of the tripods and the slide blocks is completed by the first fixing holes inserted into the limit holes and the third fixing holes inserted into the fixing slots, and different sizes of circuit boards can be adapted and mounted by adjusting the spacing between the two tripods and adjusting the spacing between the two slide blocks on the cross piece.

[0011] 4. In the scheme, the separation fixing mechanism includes two fixed plates mounted on one end of the inner wall of the bottom of the protection shell, a partition plate is slidingly connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the protection shell, rubber springs are fixedly connected between the partition plate and the fixed plates, one and a plurality of mounting positions are respectively mounted on the outer wall of the partition plate and the outer wall of the other end of the protection shell, the mounting position includes a circular groove opened on the outer wall of the partition plate and the outer wall of the other end of the protection shell and a plurality of mounting slots surrounding the circular groove.

[0012] 5. In the scheme, two connectors are inserted into the circuit board, the connector includes two connecting heads and a connecting line, the connecting line is mounted between the two connecting heads, a square plate is mounted on the connecting head, a plurality of mounting holes are opened on the square plate, the connecting head and the mounting hole are adapted to the mounting position, a plurality of mounting columns adapted to the mounting hole are mounted at the insertion position of the connector on the circuit board, one of the connecting heads in the two connectors is mounted on the circuit board through the mounting column and the mounting hole and the fixing assembly, the other connecting head of one of the connectors is fixedly inserted into the insertion position in the high-voltage power supply body through the mounting hole and the fixing assembly and the mounting position on the partition plate, a U-shaped groove is opened on the outer wall of the protection shell, the connecting line in the other connector is located in the U-shaped groove, and an insertion block adapted to the U-shaped groove and the connecting line is mounted on the bottom outer wall of the top cover.

[0013] 6. In the scheme, a plurality of heat dissipation fins with hole grooves opened on the surfaces are mounted on the bottom of the liquid storage box, the interiors of the protection shell and the top cover are filled with insulating layers, a plurality of water guide grooves are opened on the top cover, a plurality of grounding wires are mounted on the protection shell, and conductive paint is applied on the protection shell, the top cover and the mounting block.

[0014] 7. In the scheme, the circuit board is integrated with multi-stage protection components for coping with indirect lightning, the multi-stage protection components include: first-stage protection components, second-stage protection components and third-stage protection components, the first-stage protection components are transient voltage suppression diodes, the second-stage protection components are low-pass filters, and the third-stage protection components are through-hole capacitors and double-row grounding capacitors, through the cooperation of the multi-stage protection components, high voltage and high-frequency noise generated during lightning strike can be absorbed, and high-frequency interference can be prevented from flowing back to the circuit.

[0015] Due to the use of the above technical scheme, the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0016] 1. The indirect lightning test device can protect the circuit from transient overvoltage through the multi-stage protection components on the circuit board, effectively reduce high-frequency noise and interference in the circuit multiple times during operation, improve system stability, and can include civil aircraft working signals to ensure normal flow of working signals, which is beneficial to fully protect high voltage and electromagnetic interference. The high-voltage power supply body and the circuit board inside the protection shell can be protected in all directions through the cooperation of the protection shell and the top cover. The cooling mechanism is beneficial to quickly cool the circuit board, and is convenient for the circuit board to reduce the probability of protection failure caused by overheating of its own components when coping with indirect lightning.

[0017] 2. The indirect lightning test device can play a role in rain blocking through the rain cover and the conical cover, reducing the probability of rainwater entering the air inlet when it is raining. The hollow column, the blade and the desiccant in the blade can dry the air entering the interior of the protection shell, avoid the contact between humid air and the circuit board to cause damage to the circuit board, and prolong the service life of the circuit board. The top plate and the bottom plate are convenient to disassemble, which is beneficial to replace the desiccant in the blade. The circuit board is installed at a high position in the protection shell through the bearing mechanism, which is helpful for the natural rising of hot air, improves the heat dissipation effect through natural convection, helps to keep the circuit board at a lower working temperature, and the positions of the tripod and the sliding block in the bearing mechanism are convenient to adjust, which is beneficial to adapt to the installation of circuit boards of different sizes.

[0018] 3、The indirect lightning test device of the present application, through the setting of the heat sink, can conduct the heat of the cooling liquid in the liquid storage box, increase the contact area, and be beneficial to enhancing the heat dissipation effect, through the setting of the insulating layer, can reduce the external influence, through the setting of the grounding wire, can reduce the electromagnetic interference, is helpful for stabilizing the voltage level in the circuit, at the same time, the grounding can help to discharge static electricity accumulation, prevent static electricity from damaging electronic components, through the setting of the conductive paint, can provide a conductive path, so that the lightning current can smoothly pass through the coating and be conducted to the ground, reduce the direct damage of lightning to the equipment, is beneficial to effectively dispersing lightning energy and reducing the influence on the underlying material, at the same time, the conductive paint can form an electromagnetic shielding layer, reduce the influence of external electromagnetic interference on the equipment, and protect the normal operation of electronic equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the internal structure schematic diagram of the protective shell of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic diagram of part of the cooling mechanism of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic diagram of the bottom of the top plate of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic diagram of the top of the bottom plate and the square air inlet pipe of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic diagram of the A place of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 It is the structure schematic diagram of the top cover of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 It is the structure schematic diagram of the bearing mechanism of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 It is the structure schematic diagram of the connector of the present application;

[0028] Figure 10 It is the structure schematic diagram of the indirect lightning protection of the present application;

[0029] Figure 11 It is the structure schematic diagram of the transient voltage suppression diode circuit of the present application;

[0030] Figure 12 It is the structure schematic diagram of the transient voltage suppression diode installation wiring of the present application.

[0031] In the above drawings: 1, protective shell; 2, mounting block; 3, cooling mechanism; 301, mounting ring; 302, air inlet fan; 303, liquid storage box; 304, liquid delivery tube; 305, top plate; 306, positioning column; 307, first liquid pumping pump; 308, cooling column; 309, second liquid pumping pump; 310, cooling fin; 311, bottom plate; 312, cooling channel; 313, air inlet channel; 314, positioning groove; 315, square air inlet tube; 316, filter plate; 317, rain cover; 318, hollow column; 319, blade; 320, through hole; 4, ground wire; 5, top cover; 6, exhaust mechanism; 601, fixed ring; 602, exhaust fan; 603, conical cover; 7, circuit board; 8, high-voltage power supply body; 9, insulation layer; 10, fixed position; 1001, circular groove; 1002, mounting groove; 11, separation and fixing mechanism; 1101, partition plate; 1102, rubber spring; 1103, fixed plate; 12, connector; 1201, connecting head; 1202, connecting wire; 1203, square plate; 1204, mounting hole; 1205, mounting column; 13, bearing mechanism; 1301, limiting hole; 1302, fixed track; 1303, tripod; 1304, sliding block; 1305, cross block; 1306, fixed block; 1307, mounting groove block; 1308, fixed groove; 1309, sliding rod; 1310, limiting groove block; 14, U-shaped groove; 15, water guide groove; 16, plug-in block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific embodiments given below can further clarify the patent, but they are not a limitation of the patent.

[0033] Embodiment: Indirect lightning protection can effectively reduce the direct impact of lightning on high-voltage power supply systems, reduce the risk of equipment failure, damage or fire, and improve the safety of the overall system. Through the indirect lightning protection of multiple levels of protection components, the damage of lightning to the equipment can be reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of repairing and replacing the equipment. During the use of the device, it should be ensured that there is sufficient cooling liquid inside the liquid storage box to ensure the normal cooling and heat dissipation.

[0034] As Figures 1-12As shown, the present application provides a technical solution: a kind of protection reinforcement device for high-voltage power supply indirect lightning, including protective shell 1, the inside of protective shell 1 is installed with separation fixing mechanism 11, the inside of protective shell 1 is separated into two containing warehouses, one of containing warehouses is installed with high-voltage power supply body 8, another containing warehouse is installed with bearing mechanism 13, detachable circuit board 7 for protecting indirect lightning is installed on bearing mechanism 13, detachable top cover 5 is installed on the top of protective shell 1, mounting block 2 is installed on the both ends outer wall of protective shell 1, cooling mechanism 3 for cooling circuit board 7 is installed on the bottom and inside of protective shell 1, exhaust mechanism 6 is installed on top cover 5, slot is formed in the bottom of the outer wall of one side of protective shell 1, cooling mechanism 3 includes top plate 305 and bottom plate 311 inserted in slot, mounting ring 301 is embeddedly installed on the bottom of the outer wall of protective shell 1 located circuit board 7, air inlet fan 302 is installed in mounting ring 301, liquid storage box 303 for storing cooling liquid is embeddedly installed on the other end of top plate 305, cooling column 308 is embeddedly installed on the bottom of one end of top plate 305, cooling column 308 is hollow "honeycomb" structure, liquid delivery pipe 304 for connecting liquid storage box 303 and cooling column 308 is embeddedly installed on one side and the other side of top plate 305, first liquid pump 307 for delivering cooling liquid in liquid storage box 303 to cooling column 308 is installed on the outer wall of one of liquid delivery pipe 304 close to one end of cooling column 308, second liquid pump 309 for delivering cooling liquid in cooling column 308 to liquid storage box 303 is installed on the outer wall of another of liquid delivery pipe 304 close to one end of cooling column 308, positioning column 306 is installed on the four corners of the bottom of top plate 305, positioning slot 314 is opened on the four corners of the top of bottom plate 311, air inlet 313 and heat dissipation channel 312 are respectively formed on one end and the other end of the top of bottom plate 311, the adaptation of top plate 305 and bottom plate 311 is completed by positioning column 306 inserted in positioning slot 314.

[0035] It should be noted that by setting the protective shell 1 matches the top cover 5, the high-voltage power supply body 8 and the circuit board 7 inside the protective shell 1 can be protected in all directions. The protective shell 1 and the top cover 5 are made of 6061 aluminum alloy material, and the surface treatment is painted to enhance corrosion resistance and aesthetics, and the quenching heat treatment optimizes the mechanical properties of the metal to improve the strength of the protective shell 1 and the top cover 5. It is beneficial to fully protect the high-voltage power supply body 8 and the circuit board 7 inside the protective shell 1. The interior of the protective shell 1 is separated into two parts by the partitioning and fixing mechanism 11. When maintenance or replacement of parts is required, the partitioning and storing can quickly access the high-voltage power supply body 8 and the circuit board 7 and reduce the risk, which helps to improve the maintenance efficiency. The circuit board 7 is installed on the high place inside the protective shell 1 by the bearing mechanism 13, which helps the hot air to rise naturally, improves the heat dissipation effect by natural convection, helps to keep the circuit board 7 at a lower working temperature, and is beneficial to use. By setting the cooling mechanism 3, it is beneficial to quickly cool the circuit board 7, and it is convenient for the circuit board 7 to reduce the probability of protection failure caused by overheating of its own components when dealing with indirect lightning. By setting the exhaust mechanism 6, the exhaust mechanism 6 is located at the top of the high-voltage power supply body 8, and the cooling air outlet of the cooling mechanism 3 is at the bottom of the circuit board 7, which is beneficial to fully cool the circuit board 7. At the same time, it also has the effect of cooling and cooling the high-voltage power supply body 8, which is convenient to use. When the circuit board 7 and the high-voltage power supply body 8 need to be cooled and dissipated, the outside air enters the inside of the protective shell 1 through the cooling column 308 by the intake of the intake fan 302 through the air inlet 313. When the air passes through the cooling column 308, the air is cooled by the cooling liquid in the cooling column 308, and then the air is cooled when it enters the inside of the protective shell 1. The cooling liquid in the liquid storage box 303 is transported to the cooling column 308 by the action of the first liquid pump 307, and then the cooling liquid in the cooling column 308 is transported back to the liquid storage box 303 by the action of the second liquid pump 309, forming a liquid circulation loop. By setting the heat dissipation channel 312, it is beneficial for the air to contact the liquid storage box 303, which is beneficial for cooling the cooling liquid in the liquid storage box 303. The top plate 305 and the bottom plate 311 are connected by the positioning column 306 and the positioning groove 314, and the top plate 305 and the bottom plate 311 are connected by the positioning column 306 and the positioning groove 314. After the installation is matched and inserted into the slot, the subsequent maintenance or maintenance of the components in the cooling mechanism 3 is facilitated.

[0036] As Figure 5 And Figure 6As shown, the two air inlets of the air inlet channel 313 are sealed and plugged with removable "L-shaped" square air inlet pipes 315, the air inlet pipe openings of the square air inlet pipes 315 are provided with filter plates 316, the top of the square air inlet pipes 315 is provided with a rain cover 317, air enters the air inlet channel 313 through the gap between the square air inlet pipes 315 and the rain cover 317, the inner wall of the bottom of the air inlet channel 313 is rotatably connected with a hollow column 318, the outer wall of the hollow column 318 is provided with a plurality of blades 319 with hollow structure, the outer wall of the blades 319 is provided with a plurality of through holes 320, and the hollow part of the blades 319 is filled with desiccant.

[0037] It should be noted that when the air inlet fan 302 is started, air enters the air inlet channel 313 through the square air inlet pipes 315, when the top plate 305 and the bottom plate 311 need to be disassembled, one of the square air inlet pipes 315 can be disassembled, through the filter plate 316, the air entering the air inlet channel 313 can be filtered, through the rain cover 317, the rain cover 317 can be used to block the rain, reduce the probability of rain entering the air inlet channel 313, and when the air inlet fan 302 is started, the hollow column 318 and the blades 319 are driven to rotate, through the desiccant and the through holes 320 in the blades 319, the humid air can be dried, avoiding the humid air entering the inside of the protective shell 1, avoiding the humid air contacting the circuit board 7 to cause damage to the circuit board 7, prolonging the service life of the circuit board 7, and facilitating the replacement of the desiccant in the blades 319.

[0038] As shown in Figure 7 The exhaust mechanism 6 is located at the top of the high-voltage power supply body 8, the exhaust mechanism 6 includes a fixed ring 601 embedded and installed in the top cover 5, the fixed ring 601 is provided with an exhaust fan 602, the top of the fixed ring 601 is provided with a conical cover 603, and air is discharged through the gap between the fixed ring 601 and the conical cover 603.

[0039] It should be noted that through the start of the exhaust fan 602, the air in the protective shell 1 can be discharged, which is beneficial to heat dissipation, and through the setting of the conical cover 603, the rain can be blocked, reducing the probability of rain entering the inside of the protective shell 1, and prolonging the service life of the electronic elements inside the protective shell 1.

[0040] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 8As shown, the bearing mechanism 13 comprises two fixed tracks 1302 mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the other containing bin, two tripods 1303 are slidingly connected between the two fixed tracks 1302, limit groove blocks 1310 are mounted on the two ends of the two tripods 1303 relative to the bottom of the outer wall, first fixing holes are formed on the limit groove blocks 1310, a plurality of limit holes 1301 are formed on the two ends of the bottom inner wall of the other containing bin, the positions of the limit holes 1301 correspond to the positions of the first fixing holes on the limit groove blocks 1310, a cross piece 1305 is mounted on the top outer wall of the tripod 1303, a slide rod 1309 is embeddedly mounted on the inner wall of the cross piece 1305, slide blocks 1304 are slidingly sleeved on the two ends of the slide rod 1309, mounting groove blocks 1307 are mounted on the inner walls of the slide blocks 1304, second fixing holes adapted to the mounting grooves on the circuit board 7 are formed on the mounting groove blocks 1307, a plurality of fixing grooves 1308 are formed on the top of the cross piece 1305, fixing blocks 1306 are mounted on the top of the slide blocks 1304, third fixing holes adapted to the fixing grooves 1308 are formed on the fixing blocks 1306, the fixing of the tripods 1303 and the slide blocks 1304 is completed by inserting the fixing assembly into the limit holes 1301 through the first fixing holes and inserting the fixing assembly into the fixing grooves 1308 through the third fixing holes, and different sizes of the circuit board 7 can be adapted and mounted by adjusting the spacing between the two tripods 1303 and adjusting the spacing between the two slide blocks 1304 on the cross piece 1305.

[0041] It should be noted that the fixing assembly is a bolt, the first fixing hole, the second fixing hole and the third fixing hole are thread grooves adapted to the bolt, the bolt and the bearing mechanism 13 are made of non-metallic materials, for example: when the non-metallic material is conductive plastic, it can effectively shield electromagnetic interference while maintaining the lightweight and easy processing characteristics of plastic; when the non-metallic material is a polymer-based composite material, this material still maintains a relatively low weight and good processability while providing a certain electromagnetic shielding effect, different sizes of the circuit board 7 can be adapted and mounted by adjusting the spacing between the two tripods 1303 and adjusting the spacing between the two slide blocks 1304, which is beneficial to use and enhances applicability, after adjusting the positions between the two tripods 1303, the bolt is inserted into the limit hole 1301 through the first fixing hole on the limit groove block 1310, which can fix the positions of the two tripods 1303, after adjusting the positions on the slide block 1304, the bolt is inserted into the fixing groove 1308 through the third fixing hole on the fixing block 1306, which can fix the mounting position, then the mounting hole of the circuit board 7 is aligned with the second fixing hole on the slide block 1304 in cooperation with the bolt, which can fix the position of the circuit board 7, which is beneficial to use.

[0042] As Figure 3 and Figure 8As shown, the partitioning and fixing mechanism 11 comprises two fixing plates 1103 mounted on one end of the inner wall of the bottom of the protective shell 1, a partition plate 1101 slidingly connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the protective shell 1, and rubber springs 1102 fixedly connected between the partition plate 1101 and the fixing plates 1103. A plurality of mounting positions 10 are mounted on the outer wall of the partition plate 1101 and the other end of the outer wall of the protective shell 1, and each mounting position 10 comprises a circular groove 1001 and a plurality of mounting grooves 1002 surrounding the circular groove 1001.

[0043] It should be noted that the space inside the protective shell 1 can be divided into two accommodating spaces by the rubber springs 1102, the fixing plates 1103 and the partition plate 1101, and the size of the two accommodating spaces can be adjusted according to the size of the high-voltage power supply body 8 by the rubber springs 1102, which is beneficial to use. Meanwhile, the position of the high-voltage power supply body 8 can be fixed by the rubber springs 1102 and the partition plate 1101.

[0044] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , two connectors 12 are inserted on the circuit board 7, the connector 12 comprises two connecting heads 1201 and a connecting line 1202, the connecting line 1202 is mounted between the two connecting heads 1201, a square plate 1203 is mounted on the connecting head 1201, a plurality of mounting holes 1204 are formed on the square plate 1203, the connecting head 1201 and the mounting hole 1204 are adapted to the mounting position 10, a plurality of mounting columns 1205 adapted to the mounting hole 1204 are mounted on the connector 12 inserted on the circuit board 7, one of the two connecting heads 1201 of the connector 12 is fixed on the circuit board 7 by the mounting column 1205 and the mounting hole 1204, the other connecting head 1201 of the connector 12 is fixedly inserted into the insertion position in the high-voltage power supply body 8 by the mounting hole 1204 and the fixing assembly cooperating with the mounting position 10 on the partition plate 1101, a U-shaped groove 14 is formed on the outer wall of the protective shell 1, the connecting line 1202 of the other connector 12 is located in the U-shaped groove 14, and a plug 16 adapted to the U-shaped groove 14 and the connecting line 1202 is mounted on the bottom outer wall of the top cover 5.

[0045] It should be noted that by setting the mounting position 10 cooperates with the mounting hole 1204 in the connector 12 and bolt and through the mounting column 1205 on the circuit board 7 cooperates with the mounting hole 1204 in the connector 12 and bolt, the mounting position of the connector 12 can be fixed, so that the plug connector 12 is more stable and not easy to fall off. The U-shaped groove 14 can facilitate the placement of the connecting line 1202. The plug 16 can improve the sealing of the protective shell 1 when cooperating with the top cover 5. The air can flow and the connector 12 can be installed according to the use requirement through the mounting position 10 on the partition plate 1101.

[0046] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The bottom of the liquid storage box 303 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins 310 with holes on the surface. The inside of the protective shell 1 and the inside of the top cover 5 are filled with an insulating layer 9. A plurality of water guide grooves 15 are provided on the top cover 5. A plurality of grounding wires 4 are installed on the protective shell 1. The protective shell 1, the top cover 5 and the mounting block 2 are coated with conductive paint.

[0047] It should be noted that the heat dissipation fins 310 can conduct the heat of the coolant in the liquid storage box 303, increase the contact area and enhance the heat dissipation effect. The insulating layer 9 can reduce external influences. The grounding wire 4 can reduce electromagnetic interference and help stabilize the voltage level in the circuit. Grounding can also help discharge static electricity accumulation and prevent static electricity from damaging electronic components. The conductive paint can provide a conductive path for lightning current to pass through the coating to the ground, reducing the direct damage of lightning to the equipment, effectively dispersing lightning energy and reducing the impact on the underlying material. At the same time, the conductive paint can form an electromagnetic shielding layer to reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the equipment and protect the normal operation of electronic equipment. The water guide groove 15 can play a role in water drainage.

[0048] As shown in Figures 10-12 The circuit board 7 is integrated with multi-stage protection components for indirect lightning. The multi-stage protection components include: first-stage protection components, second-stage protection components and third-stage protection components. The first-stage protection components are transient voltage suppression diodes. The second-stage protection components are low-pass filters. The third-stage protection components are through-hole capacitors and double-row grounding capacitors. The multi-stage protection components can absorb high voltage and high frequency noise generated during lightning and prevent high frequency interference from flowing back into the circuit.

[0049] The low-pass filter mainly adopts LC filter, which contains capacitor and inductor, and the inductor element can provide guarantee for the response of the gas discharge tube in the first stage. The transient suppression diode is arranged to protect the circuit from transient overvoltage, and the normal operation of the circuit is protected by quickly conducting and absorbing overvoltage. The low-pass filter is arranged, and the bandwidth is 0-10MHz, which contains the civil aircraft working signal, ensures the normal flow of the working signal, and performs secondary filtering on the interference signal outside the passband. The low-pass filter mainly adopts LC filter, which contains capacitor and inductor, and the inductor element can provide guarantee for the response of the gas discharge tube in the first stage. The use is beneficial, the high-frequency interference component can be further removed by arranging the through-hole capacitor, the quality is improved, the double-row grounding capacitor is arranged, the high-frequency noise and interference in the circuit can be effectively reduced, the influence of ground interference is reduced through grounding, the system stability is improved, and the type of transient suppression diode is particularly important,

[0050] V oc The open circuit voltage of the lightning waveform is Z R The source impedance of the lightning waveform is V C The clamping voltage of the transient suppression diode is Z L The load impedance is I SC The short-circuit current is due to the parasitic inductance and resistance of the excessively long transient suppression diode installation wire, which will have a certain voltage on the wire, resulting in that the voltage at the load end of the transient suppression diode is the sum of the clamping voltage of the transient suppression diode and the voltage of the transient suppression diode installation wire. Therefore, reasonable transient suppression diode installation wire is very important for indirect lightning protection design, and the installation mode of the middle B should be adopted in actual engineering to minimize the length of the shunt device transient suppression diode wire. Figure 12

[0051] When selecting the transient suppression diode, the transient suppression diode is preset, a plurality of lightning waveforms are obtained, the short-circuit current is calculated, the source impedance of the applied waveform is calculated, the signal generator is inconsistent for different waveforms, and the signal generator is consistent for different levels. Therefore, when calculating the source impedance, the level data can be calculated.

[0052] Waveform 3:

[0053] Waveform 4:

[0054] Waveform 5:

[0055] In the conducting state of the transient suppression diode, the transient current I pp of the transient suppression diode is calculated:

[0056] ​

[0057] In the transient suppression diode conduction state, the transient suppression diode should be able to withstand the transient power P pp :

[0058]

[0059] The waveform pulse width T pp , for waveform 3, there are two waveforms of 1MHz and 10MHz, the 1MHz frequency waveform is wider and has more energy, so for waveform 3, only the 1MHz waveform is calculated, since waveform 3 is a damped sine or cosine waveform, the waveform pulse width is calculated to 50% of its maximum peak value, that is, the positive peak value of the 5th sine or cosine waveform, for waveform 4 and waveform 5, since the test waveform error is ±20%, the wider the waveform width, the greater the energy, so the pulse width of +20% is calculated, the pulse width of each waveform can be calculated using the following formula:

[0060] Waveform 3 (1MHz):

[0061] Waveform 4: T pp = T2 (1+20%) = 69x1.2 ≈ 83us (7);

[0062] Waveform 5: T pp = T2 (1+20%) = 120x1.2 ≈ 144us (8);

[0063] Since the maximum pulse power given in the transient suppression diode device manual is generally measured under the condition that the pulse width is 10us / 1000us (10us rise time 1000us pulse width), therefore the following table gives the lightning test waveform pulse power and 10x1000us pulse power comparison table.

[0064] Lightning test waveform pulse power and 10x1000us pulse power comparison table:

[0065]

[0066] By comparing the lightning test waveform pulse power and 10x1000us pulse power, the appropriate transient suppression diode can be selected.

[0067] The indirect lightning test device can protect the circuit from the influence of transient overvoltage through the multiple-stage protection components on the circuit board, can effectively reduce high-frequency noise and interference in the circuit multiple times during operation, improves the system stability, can contain the civil aircraft working signal, ensures the normal flow of the working signal, is beneficial to fully protecting the high voltage and electromagnetic interference, and can protect the high-voltage power supply body and the circuit board inside the protection shell in all directions through the protection shell and the top cover, and is beneficial to rapidly cooling the circuit board through the cooling mechanism, so that the circuit board can reduce the probability of protection failure caused by overheating of the components.

[0068] In addition, the rain cover and the conical cover can prevent rain, reduce the probability of rain entering the air inlet, and dry the air entering the protection shell through the hollow column, the blade and the desiccant in the blade, so that the humid air does not contact the circuit board to cause damage to the circuit board, prolongs the service life of the circuit board, the top plate and the bottom plate are convenient to disassemble, the desiccant in the blade is convenient to replace, the circuit board is installed at a high position in the protection shell through the bearing mechanism, which is beneficial to the natural rising of hot air, improves the heat dissipation effect through natural convection, helps to keep the circuit board at a low working temperature, and the positions of the tripod and the sliding block in the bearing mechanism are convenient to adjust, and are beneficial to adapt to the installation of circuit boards of different sizes.

[0069] In addition, the fins can conduct the heat of the cooling liquid in the liquid storage box, increase the contact area, and enhance the heat dissipation effect, the insulation layer can reduce the influence of the outside, the grounding wire can reduce electromagnetic interference, which is beneficial to stabilize the voltage level in the circuit, and the grounding can help to discharge static electricity accumulation to prevent damage to electronic components by static electricity, the conductive coating can provide a conductive path, so that the lightning current can smoothly conduct to the ground through the coating, reduce the direct damage of lightning to the equipment, and is beneficial to effectively dispersing lightning energy and reducing the influence on the underlying material, and the conductive coating can form an electromagnetic shielding layer to reduce the influence of external electromagnetic interference on the equipment and protect the normal operation of the electronic equipment.

[0070] The above embodiments only serve to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement it, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An indirect lightning test device, comprising a protective shell (1), characterized in that: The interior of the protective shell (1) is provided with a partition fixing mechanism (11) for dividing the interior of the protective shell (1) into two accommodating chambers, wherein a high-voltage power supply body (8) is installed in one of the accommodating chambers, and a supporting mechanism (13) is installed in the other accommodating chamber, and a detachable circuit board (7) for protecting against indirect lightning is installed on the supporting mechanism (13), a detachable top cover (5) is installed on the top of the protective shell (1), and mounting blocks (2) are installed on both ends of the outer wall of the protective shell (1), a cooling mechanism (3) for cooling the circuit board (7) is installed on the bottom and interior of the protective shell (1), an exhaust mechanism (6) is installed on the top cover (5), a slot is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of one side of the protective shell (1), and the cooling mechanism (3) includes a top plate (305) and a bottom plate (311) plugged into the slot, and a mounting ring (301) is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the protective shell (1) at the bottom of the circuit board (7), and an air intake fan (302) is installed in the mounting ring (301); One end of the top plate (305) is located at the bottom of the mounting ring (301) and is embedded with a cooling column (308). The other end of the top plate (305) is embedded with a liquid storage box (303) for storing cooling liquid. The cooling column (308) is a hollow honeycomb structure. One side and the other side of the top plate (305) are embedded with a liquid infusion pipe (304) for connecting the liquid storage box (303) and the cooling column (308). One end of the outer wall of one of the liquid infusion pipes (304) close to the cooling column (308) is installed with a first liquid pump ( 307), a second liquid pump (309) for delivering the coolant in the cooling column (308) to the liquid storage box (303) is installed on the outer wall of another liquid infusion tube (304) near one end of the cooling column (308), and the four corners at the bottom of the top plate (305) are installed with positioning columns (306), and the four corners at the top of the bottom plate (311) are provided with positioning grooves (314). An air inlet duct (313) and a heat dissipation duct (312) are respectively provided at one end and the other end of the top of the bottom plate (311), and the top plate (305) and the bottom plate (311) are adapted by inserting the positioning columns (306) into the positioning grooves (314); By starting the air intake fan (302), external air is drawn into the interior of the protective shell (1) through the air intake duct (313) and the cooling column (308), and the heat dissipation duct (312) allows the air to contact the liquid storage box to cool the coolant in the liquid storage box; The circuit board (7) is integrated with multi-level protection components for responding to indirect lightning, and the multi-level protection components include: a first-level protection component, a second-level protection component, and a third-level protection component. The first-level protection component is a transient suppression diode, the second-level protection component is a low-pass filter, and the third-level protection component is a feedthrough capacitor and a double-row grounding capacitor. The low-pass filter mainly adopts an LC filter, which includes a capacitor and an inductor, wherein the inductor element can provide a guarantee for the response of the gas discharge tube in the first level.

2. The indirect lightning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two air inlets of the air inlet duct (313) are sealed and plugged with a detachable L-shaped square air inlet pipe (315), the air inlet port of the square air inlet pipe (315) is installed with a filter plate (316), the top of the square air inlet pipe (315) is installed with a rain shield (317), and air enters the air inlet duct (313) through the gap between the square air inlet pipe (315) and the rain shield (317), and both ends of the inner wall of the bottom of the air inlet duct (313) are rotatably connected with a hollow column (318), and a plurality of blades (319) with a hollow structure inside are installed on the outer wall of the hollow column (318), and a plurality of through holes (320) are installed on the outer wall of the blade (319), and the hollow part of the blade (319) is filled with a desiccant.

3. The indirect lightning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism (6) is located at the top of the high-voltage power supply body (8), and comprises a fixed ring (601) embedded in the top cover (5), an exhaust fan (602) is installed in the fixed ring (601), and a cone cover (603) is installed on the top of the fixed ring (601), and air is discharged through the gap between the fixed ring (601) and the cone cover (603).

4. The indirect lightning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing mechanism (13) comprises two fixed rails (1302) mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of another storage bin, two tripods (1303) are slidably connected between the two fixed rails (1302), and limiting slot blocks (1310) are mounted at both ends of the bottom of the outer wall on the opposite side of the two tripods (1303), and a first fixing hole is provided on the limiting slot block (1310), and a plurality of limiting holes (1301) are provided at both ends of the inner wall of the bottom of the other storage bin, and the positions of the limiting holes (1301) correspond to the positions of the first fixing holes on the limiting slot block (1310), and a transverse block (1305) is mounted on the top outer wall of the tripod (1303), and a sliding rod (1309) is embedded in the inner wall of the transverse block (1305), and a slider (1304) is slidably sleeved on both ends of the slider (1309), and the inner wall of the slider (1304) Both are equipped with mounting slot blocks (1307), the mounting slot blocks (1307) are provided with second fixing holes adapted to the mounting slots on the circuit board (7), the top of the horizontal block (1305) is provided with a plurality of fixing slots (1308), the top of the slider (1304) is equipped with a fixing block (1306), the fixing block (1306) is provided with a third fixing hole adapted to the fixing slot (1308), the fixing assembly is plugged into the limiting hole (1301) through the first fixing hole and the fixing assembly is plugged into the fixing slot (1308) through the third fixing hole to complete the fixed limit of the tripod (1303) and the slider (1304), and the circuit boards (7) of different sizes can be adapted to be installed by adjusting the spacing between the two tripods (1303) and the spacing between the two sliders (1304) on the horizontal block (1305) in conjunction with the second fixing holes.

5. The indirect lightning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition fixing mechanism (11) comprises two fixing plates (1103) mounted on one end of the inner wall at the bottom of the protective shell (1); a partition (1101) is slidably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the protective shell (1); a rubber spring (1102) is fixedly connected between the partition (1101) and the fixing plate (1103); one and a plurality of mounting positions (10) are respectively mounted on the outer wall of the partition (1101) and the outer wall of the other end of the protective shell (1); the mounting position (10) comprises a circular groove (1001) opened on the outer wall of the partition (1101) and the outer wall of the other end of the protective shell (1) and a plurality of mounting grooves (1002) surrounding the circular groove (1001).

6. The indirect lightning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two connectors (12) are plugged into the circuit board (7), and the connector (12) includes two connectors (1201) and a connecting wire (1202). The connecting wire (1202) is installed between the two connectors (1201). A square plate (1203) is installed on the connector (1201), and a plurality of mounting holes (1204) are provided on the square plate (1203). The connectors (1201) and the mounting holes (1204) are adapted to the mounting position (10). A plurality of mounting posts (1205) adapted to the mounting holes (1204) are installed at the plug-in position of the connector (12) on the circuit board (7). One of the two connectors (12) is connected to the connector (1201). The connectors (1201) are all mounted on the circuit board (7) through the mounting posts (1205) and the mounting holes (1204) in conjunction with the fixing assembly. The other connector (1201) of one of the connectors (12) is fixedly plugged into the plug-in position in the high-voltage power supply body (8) through the mounting hole (1204) and the fixing assembly in conjunction with the mounting position (10) on the partition (1101). A U-shaped groove (14) is provided on the outer wall of the protective shell (1). The connecting wire (1202) in the other connector (12) is located in the U-shaped groove (14). The bottom outer wall of the top cover (5) is installed with an insert (16) adapted to the U-shaped groove (14) and the connecting wire (1202).

7. The indirect lightning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the liquid storage box (303) is equipped with a plurality of heat sinks (310) with holes and slots on the surface. The interior of the protective shell (1) and the interior of the top cover (5) are filled with an insulating layer (9). The top cover (5) is equipped with a plurality of water guide grooves (15). The protective shell (1) is equipped with a plurality of grounding wires (4). The protective shell (1), the top cover (5) and the mounting block (2) are coated with conductive paint.

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