A Data-Driven Intelligent Maintenance Status Detection Method for Generators

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of data processing technology, specifically to a data analysis-based intelligent operation and maintenance status detection method for generators. The method includes: monitoring and obtaining the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of both the generator and the helicopter, and acquiring the relative acceleration of the helicopter at each moment; eliminating the influence of the relative acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curves of the helicopter and its generator to obtain the horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator; analyzing the frequency period invariance and the consistency of the frequency amplitude reduction ratio when helicopter vibration is transmitted to the generator to obtain the horizontal denoising decomposition curve of the generator; obtaining the vertical denoising decomposition curve of the generator; and fusing the horizontal and vertical denoising decomposition curves to perform operation and maintenance status detection on the generator. This invention aims to eliminate the vibration interference of the helicopter on the generator during operation and maintenance status detection, thereby improving the accuracy of operation and maintenance status detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and more specifically to a method for intelligent operation and maintenance status detection of generators based on data analysis. Background Technology

[0002] The brushed DC generator mounted on a helicopter is one of the core components of the aircraft's electrical system. Its main function is to provide power to the helicopter's radios and basic instruments. During operation, the brushes of the brushed DC generator come into contact with and rub against the rotor's slip rings. Since all the current generated must be distributed to the helicopter system through the brushes, excessive wear of the brushes can easily occur, causing power output interruptions. In severe cases, it can also cause commutator arcing, generating high-temperature electric arcs and potentially leading to a helicopter fire.

[0003] By performing brush life analysis on DC brushed generators, the service life of the brushes can be calculated, and the working status of the brushes during their service life can be analyzed and evaluated, helping to analyze the causes of failures. In this process, the vibration caused by rotor eccentricity of the generator has a great impact on the wear of the brushes. Therefore, the existing technology often uses the vibration data of the generator in combination with other data to perform brush life analysis. However, in this process, the vibration of the generator caused by the rotor blades cutting the air during the movement of the helicopter will interfere with the vibration data of the generator, resulting in a decrease in the reliability of the brush life analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a data analysis-based intelligent operation and maintenance status detection method for generators to solve existing problems.

[0005] The data analysis-based intelligent generator operation and maintenance status detection method of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for intelligent operation and maintenance status detection of generators based on data analysis, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] The vibration state of the helicopter and its generator is monitored to obtain the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of the generator and the helicopter respectively, and the relative acceleration of the helicopter at each moment is obtained.

[0008] Eliminate the influence of the relative acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curve of the helicopter and its generator to obtain the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the helicopter and its generator;

[0009] After performing spectral decomposition on the horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator, the frequency period invariance and the consistency of the frequency amplitude reduction ratio when the helicopter vibration is transmitted to the generator are analyzed to obtain the horizontal noise reduction decomposition curve of the generator.

[0010] The vertical denoising decomposition curve of the generator is obtained by using the method of acquiring the horizontal denoising decomposition curve; the horizontal denoising decomposition curve and the vertical denoising decomposition curve are fused to detect the operation and maintenance status of the generator.

[0011] Preferably, obtaining the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves for the generator and helicopter respectively includes:

[0012] Obtain vibration data of the generator at each moment;

[0013] Acquire vibration data of the helicopter at every moment;

[0014] The horizontal and vertical directions form a rotating plane coordinate system;

[0015] The vibration data of the generator at each moment is projected onto the horizontal direction of the rotating plane coordinate system to obtain the horizontal vibration data of the generator at each moment;

[0016] Arrange the horizontal vibration data of the generator at all times in time sequence to obtain the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator.

[0017] The vibration data of the generator at each moment is projected onto the vertical direction of the rotating plane coordinate system to obtain the vertical vibration data of the generator at each moment.

[0018] The vertical vibration data of the generator at all times are arranged in time sequence to obtain the vertical decomposition curve of the generator;

[0019] Based on the method used to obtain the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of the generator, the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of the helicopter are obtained.

[0020] Preferably, eliminating the influence of the relative acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curve of the helicopter and its generator to obtain the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the helicopter and its generator includes:

[0021] The difference between the horizontal vibration data at each moment and the data at the next moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator is recorded as the horizontal vibration increment at each moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator.

[0022] By utilizing the relative acceleration at each moment, and combining the horizontal vibration data and horizontal vibration increment at the same moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator, the horizontal corrected vibration data of the generator at the next moment at each moment can be obtained.

[0023] The horizontally corrected vibration data of the generator at each moment is obtained by using a method to obtain the horizontally corrected vibration data of the generator at each moment and the next moment.

[0024] The horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at all times constitutes the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the generator.

[0025] The horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the helicopter is obtained by using the method for obtaining the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the generator.

[0026] Preferably, the specific steps for correcting the horizontal vibration data include:

[0027] The relative acceleration at each moment is projected onto the horizontal direction to obtain the horizontal relative acceleration at each moment;

[0028] In the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator, the correction increment of each moment is obtained for the next moment, and the correction increment is directly proportional to the horizontal vibration increment and the horizontal relative acceleration at each moment.

[0029] The sum of the horizontal vibration data at each moment and the correction increment at the next moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator is used as the horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at the next moment.

[0030] Preferably, after performing spectral decomposition on the horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator, the analysis of the frequency period invariance and the consistency of the frequency amplitude reduction ratio when the helicopter vibration is transmitted to the generator, to obtain the horizontal noise reduction decomposition curve of the generator, includes:

[0031] Fourier transforms were performed on the horizontal descent curves of the helicopter and the generator, respectively, to obtain the spectrum diagrams of the horizontal descent curves of the helicopter and the generator.

[0032] The frequencies that appear simultaneously in the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve and the generator's horizontal descent curve are denoted as the same-period frequencies of the horizontal descent curves.

[0033] Based on all the same-period frequencies of the horizontal decrease curve, obtain the proportion of the same-period decrease frequency for each of the same-period frequencies of the horizontal decrease curve;

[0034] In the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal reduction curve, all the proportional reduction differences of the same period frequency with respect to the target same period frequency are sorted in ascending order to obtain the ascending sequence of reduction differences of the target same period frequency.

[0035] In the ascending sequence of the reduction difference of the target period frequency, the absolute value of the difference between each sequence and the next sequence of proportional reduction difference is obtained, and is denoted as the division coefficient of each sequence in the ascending sequence of the reduction difference of the target period frequency.

[0036] The sequence with the largest division coefficient is denoted as the division node sequence. All the same frequency periods from the first sequence to the division node sequence in the ascending sequence of the difference in the reduction of the target same period frequency are denoted as the proportional reduction frequency of the target same period frequency.

[0037] The ratio of the number of frequencies with proportional reduction to the target frequency within the same period to the total number of frequencies within the same period is denoted as the percentage of frequencies with proportional reduction to the target frequency within the same period in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve.

[0038] By using the proportion of frequencies with the same reduction ratio to filter frequencies with the same period, the interference frequencies of the horizontal reduction curve can be obtained;

[0039] After filtering out all the interference frequencies in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal amplitude reduction curve, an inverse Fourier transform is performed to obtain the generator's horizontal noise reduction decomposition curve.

[0040] Preferably, obtaining the percentage of proportional decrease frequencies for each period of the horizontal decrease curve based on all periods of the horizontal decrease curve includes:

[0041] Any frequency with the same period is denoted as the target frequency with the same period.

[0042] The ratio of the amplitude of each frequency in the same period to the amplitude of the horizontal descent curve of the generator and the amplitude of the horizontal descent curve of the helicopter is recorded as the descent ratio of each frequency in the same period.

[0043] By using the reduction ratio of the target's same-period frequency to reduce the amplitude of each other same-period frequency in the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal reduction curve, the reduction amplitude of each other same-period frequency with respect to the target's same-period frequency is obtained in the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal reduction curve.

[0044] Based on the difference in amplitude between the stated reduction value and the amplitude of the same period frequency in the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal reduction curve, the proportion of the target period frequency with the same proportional reduction is obtained.

[0045] Preferably, the specific steps for determining the reduction magnitude include:

[0046] In the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve, the product of the amplitude of each frequency other than the target frequency and the descent ratio of the target frequency is recorded as the descent amplitude of each other frequency with respect to the target frequency in the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve.

[0047] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the proportion of the target frequency with the same proportional reduction based on the difference in amplitude between the reduction amplitude and the same frequency of the same period in the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal reduction curve include:

[0048] The absolute value of the difference between the amplitude of each frequency in the same period (excluding the target frequency) and the amplitude of the reduction of that frequency relative to the target frequency in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve is denoted as the proportional reduction difference of each frequency in the same period relative to the target frequency in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve.

[0049] Based on the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal descent curve, the proportion of frequencies with proportional descent relative to the target frequency with the same period can be obtained from the proportional descent difference of all frequencies with the same period relative to the target frequency with the same period in the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal descent curve.

[0050] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the proportion of frequencies with proportional reduction relative to the target frequency in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve, based on the proportional reduction differences of all frequencies with the same period relative to the target frequency with the same period in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve, include:

[0051] In the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal reduction curve, all the proportional reduction differences of the same period frequency with respect to the target same period frequency are sorted in ascending order to obtain the ascending sequence of reduction differences of the target same period frequency.

[0052] In the ascending sequence of the reduction difference of the target period frequency, the absolute value of the difference between each sequence and the next sequence of proportional reduction difference is obtained, and is denoted as the division coefficient of each sequence in the ascending sequence of the reduction difference of the target period frequency.

[0053] The sequence with the largest division coefficient is denoted as the division node sequence. All the same frequency periods from the first sequence to the division node sequence in the ascending sequence of the difference in the reduction of the target same period frequency are denoted as the proportional reduction frequency of the target same period frequency.

[0054] The ratio of the number of frequencies with proportional reduction to the target frequency within the same period to the total number of frequencies within the same period is denoted as the percentage of frequencies with proportional reduction to the target frequency within the same period in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve.

[0055] Preferably, the specific steps for determining the interference frequency include:

[0056] If a predetermined interference screening threshold is set, and the proportion of the target frequency with the same period and proportional reduction in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve is greater than the interference screening threshold, then the target frequency with the same period is recorded as an interference frequency, thus obtaining all interference frequencies of the horizontal reduction curve.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are as follows: This invention obtains the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of the generator and helicopter respectively by monitoring the operational vibration state of the helicopter and its generator, and acquires the relative acceleration of the helicopter at each moment; by decomposing the vibration data of the helicopter and generator into mutually independent horizontal and vertical decomposition curves, it achieves dimensionality reduction of high-latitude data and reduces operational difficulty; it eliminates the influence of the relative acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curve of the helicopter and its generator, and obtains the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the helicopter and its generator; by analyzing the influence of the helicopter's acceleration during motion on the generator vibration, it restores the true vibration data of the generator, avoiding the influence of overweight and weightlessness on generator vibration monitoring. After performing spectral decomposition on the horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator, the frequency period invariance and the consistency of the frequency amplitude reduction ratio when helicopter vibration is transmitted to the generator are analyzed to obtain the horizontal denoising decomposition curve of the generator. By analyzing the consistent kinetic energy loss and frequency invariance characteristics of helicopter vibration transmitted to the generator, and further analyzing the frequency period invariance and the consistency of the reduction ratio, the denoising decomposition curve of the generator is obtained, thereby eliminating frequencies in the generator vibration data that are transmitted by helicopter vibration. Using the method for obtaining the horizontal denoising decomposition curve, the vertical denoising decomposition curve of the generator is obtained. The horizontal and vertical denoising decomposition curves are then fused to perform maintenance status detection on the generator. This achieves the goal of eliminating helicopter vibration interference to the generator during maintenance status detection and improving the accuracy of maintenance status detection. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the generator intelligent operation and maintenance status detection method based on data analysis according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of the data analysis-based intelligent generator operation and maintenance status detection method proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0062] The specific scheme of the generator intelligent operation and maintenance status detection method based on data analysis provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a generator intelligent operation and maintenance status detection method based on data analysis, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S001: Monitor the operating vibration state of the helicopter and its generator, obtain the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of the generator and the helicopter respectively, and obtain the relative acceleration of the helicopter at each moment.

[0065] It should be noted that when using vibration data for operation and maintenance status monitoring, the vibration data can reflect the collision and friction between the generator rotor and the brushes and stator during the power generation process. When the rotor is eccentric, it will cause more collisions and friction on the brushes in a certain direction, which will lead to excessive wear of the brushes on that side. Therefore, vibration data is of great reference value for the operation and maintenance status monitoring of the generator. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the vibration data of the generator during helicopter flight.

[0066] It should be further explained that helicopters generate lift by cutting the air with rotor blades. During this process, the rotor blades and the main engine connecting them will vibrate, resulting in overall vibration of the helicopter. This overall vibration is transmitted to the generator through the generator's connection device, causing the generator's vibration data to be interfered with by the overall vibration of the helicopter. Therefore, it is necessary to collect vibration data of the helicopter during flight.

[0067] It should be noted that since the brushes are attached to the slip rings of the rotor and wear due to rotor friction, the rotor's movement in the axial direction is not considered when performing vibration monitoring and analysis; only the vibration of the rotor in its plane of rotation is considered. Therefore, in this embodiment, the plane of the rotor when rotating clockwise is taken as the plane of rotation, the vertically upward direction in the plane of rotation is taken as the vertical direction, and the direction 90 degrees clockwise in the vertical direction in the plane of rotation is taken as the horizontal direction.

[0068] Specifically, vibration sensors are installed on the vertical upper surface of the generator to monitor and obtain vibration data of the generator at each moment;

[0069] Vibration data of the helicopter at every moment is obtained through the helicopter's vibration sensors.

[0070] It should be noted that the vibration sensor of the helicopter is installed on the main structure of the helicopter. Since the vibration data of the entire helicopter needs to be obtained, and the overall vibration data is consistent throughout the helicopter, this embodiment does not specify the installation location of the vibration sensor on the helicopter.

[0071] It is particularly important to note that the timing of vibration data acquisition in this embodiment should be based on the helicopter rotor blades, so as to obtain the vibration performance generated by the rotor blades cutting through the air. As an example, for a helicopter with a rotor speed of 480 rpm, the vibration data acquisition time is 80 Hz, so that 10 vibration data can be acquired for each rotation of the rotor blades.

[0072] Furthermore, the vibrations of the generator and the helicopter in the horizontal and vertical directions are around their respective zero amplitude points, meaning that the vibrations of the generator and the helicopter are independent of each other in the horizontal and vertical directions. Therefore, in this embodiment, the vibration data of the helicopter and the generator are decomposed horizontally and vertically, respectively.

[0073] Preferably, the specific steps for decomposing the vibration data of the generator and helicopter at each moment to obtain their respective horizontal and vertical decomposition curves are as follows:

[0074] The horizontal and vertical directions form a rotating plane coordinate system; where the x-axis is horizontal and the y-axis is vertical.

[0075] The vibration data of the generator at each moment is projected onto the horizontal direction of the rotating plane coordinate system to obtain the horizontal vibration data of the generator at each moment;

[0076] Arrange the horizontal vibration data of the generator at all times in time sequence to obtain the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator.

[0077] The vibration data of the generator at each moment is projected onto the vertical direction of the rotating plane coordinate system to obtain the vertical vibration data of the generator at each moment.

[0078] The vertical vibration data of the generator at all times are arranged in time sequence to obtain the vertical decomposition curve of the generator;

[0079] Based on the method used to obtain the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of the generator, the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of the helicopter are obtained.

[0080] Furthermore, the helicopter's acceleration and direction at each moment are obtained using the helicopter's gyroscope, with the unit of acceleration being... ;

[0081] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the position of the helicopter when it is stationary is taken as the origin, and the direction of the helicopter's orientation when it is moving is projected onto the plane of rotation and denoted as the direction of the helicopter's acceleration at each moment.

[0082] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the maximum and minimum acceleration range of the helicopter is preset to be... arrive Within this process, the normalized value of the acceleration at each moment is obtained by utilizing the maximum and minimum range of the acceleration; using the normalized value of the acceleration as the modulus and the direction of the acceleration at the same moment as the vector direction, the relative acceleration of the helicopter at each moment is constructed, and the relative acceleration is a vector.

[0083] Step S002: Eliminate the influence of the relative acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curve of the helicopter and its generator to obtain the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the helicopter and its generator.

[0084] Since the rotor of a generator needs to rotate relative to the stator, there is a certain amount of play between the rotor and the stator. If there is an abnormality in the rotor during operation, it will cause the rotor to not only rotate but also vibrate in an indefinite direction. The amplitude of the vibration is the size of the play. Furthermore, if the rotor impacts and wears the brushes, it will cause the entire generator to vibrate. Therefore, by monitoring the vibration of the generator, the brush life can be effectively analyzed.

[0085] Because helicopters experience acceleration and deceleration during flight, including ascent and descent, the rotor and generator vibrations must resist not only Earth's gravity but also the acceleration caused by these movements. Furthermore, the vibrations are irregular reciprocating motions, resulting in two phases: an ascent phase and a descent phase. When acceleration is positive, the forces exerted on the generator and helicopter include both Earth's gravity and the acceleration's gravitational force, reducing the increase in amplitude during the ascent phase. Conversely, when acceleration is negative, the Earth's gravity and acceleration cancel each other out, increasing the increase in amplitude during the ascent phase. The opposite is true for the descent phase. Therefore, this embodiment uses a horizontal decomposition curve as an example. By analyzing the increase in acceleration and vibration data at various moments, the influence of acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curve is eliminated, thus obtaining a horizontal amplitude modulation curve.

[0086] Preferably, the specific steps for eliminating the influence of the relative acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curve of the helicopter and its generator, and obtaining the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the helicopter and its generator, are as follows:

[0087] The difference between the horizontal vibration data at each moment and the data at the next moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator is recorded as the horizontal vibration increment at each moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator.

[0088] By utilizing the relative acceleration at each moment, and combining the horizontal vibration data and horizontal vibration increment at the same moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator, the horizontal corrected vibration data of the generator at the next moment at each moment can be obtained.

[0089] The horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at each moment is obtained to form the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the generator;

[0090] The horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the helicopter is obtained by using the method for obtaining the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the generator.

[0091] Specifically, the method for obtaining the corrected horizontal vibration data of the generator at the next moment from each moment is as follows: This method utilizes the relative acceleration at each moment, combined with the horizontal vibration data and horizontal vibration increment in the generator's horizontal decomposition curve at the same moment.

[0092] The relative acceleration at each moment is projected onto the horizontal direction to obtain the horizontal relative acceleration at each moment;

[0093] In the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator, the correction increment of each moment is obtained for the next moment, and the correction increment is directly proportional to the horizontal vibration increment and the horizontal relative acceleration at each moment.

[0094] The sum of the horizontal vibration data at each moment and the correction increment at the next moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator is used as the horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at the next moment.

[0095] Specifically, as an example, the method for obtaining the correction increment for the next time step at each moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of a generator is as follows:

[0096] In this embodiment, the sum of 1 and the horizontal relative acceleration at each moment is used as the incremental correction weight at each moment. The product of the incremental correction weight and the horizontal vibration increment at each moment is recorded as the correction increment for the next moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator. The calculation formula in this example is as follows: ,in, The horizontal relative acceleration at each moment, As the incremental correction weight at each time step, This represents the horizontal vibration increment at each moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator. This represents the correction increment for the next time step at each moment in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator.

[0097] It should be noted that when the incremental correction weight is greater than 1, it indicates that the acceleration is positive. The generator is affected not only by the Earth's gravity but also by the gravity generated when the acceleration is positive. This causes the horizontal vibration increment to decrease due to the increased gravity. Therefore, the incremental correction weight needs to be used to increase and restore the horizontal vibration increment to obtain the correction amplitude. When the incremental correction weight is less than 1, it indicates that the acceleration is negative. The Earth's gravity acting on the generator cancels out the reverse gravity generated when the acceleration is negative. This causes the horizontal vibration increment to increase due to the decreased gravity. Therefore, the incremental correction weight needs to be used to weaken and restore the horizontal vibration increment to obtain the correction amplitude. When the incremental correction weight is 0, it indicates that the helicopter is stationary and is not affected by the flight attitude.

[0098] Specifically, the method for obtaining the horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at each moment and constructing the generator's horizontal amplitude modulation curve is as follows:

[0099] The horizontally corrected vibration data of the generator at each moment is obtained by using a method to obtain the horizontally corrected vibration data of the generator at each moment and the next moment.

[0100] The horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at all times constitute the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the generator.

[0101] It should be noted that the horizontally corrected vibration data for the next moment is obtained based on the horizontal vibration data at each moment, rather than the horizontally corrected vibration data after each data point has been corrected.

[0102] Step S003: After performing spectral decomposition on the horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator, analyze the frequency period invariance and the consistency of the frequency amplitude reduction ratio when the helicopter vibration is transmitted to the generator, and obtain the horizontal noise reduction decomposition curve of the generator.

[0103] It should be noted that when the helicopter's vibration is transmitted to the generator, the vibration damping system filters out some frequencies of vibration. Therefore, if the generator's vibration curve is disturbed by the helicopter's vibration, it will contain not only the generator's vibration frequency but also the helicopter's vibration frequency. Based on Fourier transform theory, any time series curve can be decomposed into several frequencies through Fourier transform. Therefore, if the generator is disturbed by the helicopter's vibration, the frequencies after decomposing the generator's vibration data include the frequency of the generator's own vibration as well as the vibration frequency transmitted from the helicopter to the generator. Therefore, after performing Fourier transform on the vibration data of the generator and the helicopter, if the generator's frequency contains the helicopter's frequency, that is, if the same curve of the generator and the helicopter has frequency period invariance, it indicates that the generator is disturbed by the helicopter's vibration.

[0104] It should be further explained that, due to the kinetic energy loss that occurs when the vibration generated by the helicopter rotor blades cutting through the air is transmitted to the generator fixed inside the helicopter, and because the generator is in a flexible connection with the helicopter through vibration damping devices, the kinetic energy is weakened when the overall vibration of the helicopter interferes with the vibration of the generator. Since the frequencies transmitted from the helicopter to the generator have a consistent amplitude attenuation frequency, the more consistent the amplitude reduction ratio of frequencies with frequency period invariance, the more likely these frequencies are the interference frequencies of the helicopter to the generator.

[0105] Preferably, the steps for performing spectral decomposition on the horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator, analyzing the frequency period invariance and the consistency of the frequency amplitude reduction ratio when the helicopter vibration is transmitted to the generator, and obtaining the horizontal denoising decomposition curve of the generator are as follows:

[0106] Fourier transforms were performed on the horizontal descent curves of the helicopter and the generator, respectively, to obtain the spectrum diagrams of the horizontal descent curves of the helicopter and the generator.

[0107] Based on the spectrum diagrams of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve and the generator's horizontal descent curve, the same-period frequency of the horizontal descent curve is obtained.

[0108] Based on all the same-period frequencies of the horizontal decrease curve, obtain the proportion of the same-period decrease frequency for each of the same-period frequencies of the horizontal decrease curve;

[0109] By using the proportion of frequencies with the same reduction ratio to filter frequencies with the same period, the interference frequencies of the horizontal reduction curve can be obtained;

[0110] After filtering out all the interference frequencies in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal amplitude reduction curve, an inverse Fourier transform is performed to obtain the generator's horizontal noise reduction decomposition curve.

[0111] Specifically, Fourier transforms are performed on the horizontal descent curves of the helicopter and the generator respectively to obtain the spectrum diagrams of the horizontal descent curves of the helicopter and the generator. The spectrum diagrams include several frequencies and the amplitude of each frequency.

[0112] Furthermore, based on the spectrum diagrams of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve and the generator's horizontal descent curve, the specific method for obtaining the same-period frequency of the horizontal descent curve is as follows: the frequency that appears simultaneously in the spectrum diagrams of both the helicopter's and generator's horizontal descent curves is denoted as the same-period frequency of the horizontal descent curve.

[0113] Furthermore, based on all the same-period frequencies of the horizontal decrease curve, the specific steps for obtaining the proportion of the proportional decrease frequency for each same-period frequency of the horizontal decrease curve include:

[0114] Based on the difference in amplitude between the spectrum of the horizontal descent curve of the helicopter and the spectrum of the horizontal descent curve of the generator for each frequency of the same period, the descent ratio of each frequency of the same period is obtained.

[0115] Any frequency with the same period is denoted as the target frequency with the same period.

[0116] By using the reduction ratio of the target's same-period frequency to reduce the amplitude of each other same-period frequency in the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal reduction curve, the reduction amplitude of each other same-period frequency with respect to the target's same-period frequency is obtained in the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal reduction curve.

[0117] Based on the difference in amplitude between the stated reduction value and the amplitude of the same period frequency in the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal reduction curve, the proportion of the target period frequency with the same proportional reduction is obtained.

[0118] Specifically, based on the difference in amplitude between the spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the helicopter and the spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator for each frequency of the same period, the calculation method for the amplitude reduction ratio of each frequency of the same period is as follows:

[0119] The ratio of the amplitude of each frequency in the same period to the amplitude of the horizontal descent curve of the generator and the amplitude of the horizontal descent curve of the helicopter is recorded as the descent ratio of each frequency in the same period.

[0120] It should be noted that if the amplitude of the same period frequency in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal amplitude reduction curve is greater than or equal to the amplitude in the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal amplitude reduction curve, it indicates that the vibration of that frequency is stronger in the generator. Therefore, regardless of whether the helicopter transmits vibration to the generator, the generator itself must have vibration at that frequency. Thus, in this embodiment, the amplitude reduction ratio of the same period frequency at this time is recorded as 1.

[0121] It should be noted that the reduction ratio of the same period frequency is the ratio of the reduction of vibration of each same period frequency in the generator compared to the helicopter vibration. If the reduction ratio of other same period frequencies in the vibration data of helicopter and generator is consistent with this ratio, it means that the same period frequency is more likely to be due to the vibration transmitted from the helicopter to the generator.

[0122] Therefore, this embodiment obtains the amplitude of the reduction of other frequencies with the same period under the reduction ratio of the target frequency with the same period in the following way. If the amplitude of the reduction of other frequencies with the same period is more similar to the amplitude of the frequency with the same period in the spectrum of the horizontal reduction curve of the generator, it indicates that the reduction ratio of other frequencies with the same period is the same as that of the target frequency with the same period, and it further indicates that the target frequency with the same period is the frequency of transmission.

[0123] Furthermore, by reducing the amplitude of each other frequency in the same period of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve using the reduction ratio of the target's same period frequency, the specific method for obtaining the reduction amplitude of each other frequency in the same period of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve relative to the target's same period frequency in the spectrum is as follows:

[0124] In the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve, the product of the amplitude of each frequency other than the target frequency and the descent ratio of the target frequency is recorded as the descent amplitude of each frequency other than the target frequency in the spectrum of the helicopter's horizontal descent curve.

[0125] Furthermore, based on the difference in amplitude between the stated amplitude reduction and the amplitude of the same frequency within the same period in the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal amplitude reduction curve, the specific method for obtaining the proportion of the target frequency with the same proportional amplitude reduction is as follows:

[0126] The absolute value of the difference between the amplitude of each frequency in the same period (excluding the target frequency) and the amplitude of the reduction of that frequency relative to the target frequency in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve is denoted as the proportional reduction difference of each frequency in the same period relative to the target frequency in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve.

[0127] Based on the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal descent curve, the proportion of frequencies with proportional descent relative to the target frequency with the same period can be obtained from the proportional descent difference of all frequencies with the same period relative to the target frequency with the same period in the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal descent curve.

[0128] It should be noted that the smaller the difference in the proportional reduction of each frequency within the same period relative to the target frequency within the same period, the more consistent the reduction ratio between the frequency within the same period and the target frequency within the same period. This indicates that the attenuation of the frequency within the same period and the target frequency within the same period are more consistent, and it is more likely that the vibration of the helicopter is being transmitted to the generator.

[0129] Specifically, based on the spectrum of the generator's horizontal descent curve, the proportion of frequencies with proportional descent relative to the target frequency within the same period is obtained from the proportional descent differences of all frequencies with the same period relative to the target frequency within the same period in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal descent curve.

[0130] In the spectrum diagram of the generator's horizontal reduction curve, all the proportional reduction differences of the same period frequency with respect to the target same period frequency are sorted in ascending order to obtain the ascending sequence of reduction differences of the target same period frequency.

[0131] In the ascending sequence of the reduction difference of the target period frequency, the absolute value of the difference between each sequence and the next sequence of proportional reduction difference is obtained, and is denoted as the division coefficient of each sequence in the ascending sequence of the reduction difference of the target period frequency.

[0132] The sequence with the largest division coefficient is denoted as the division node sequence. All the same frequency periods from the first sequence to the division node sequence in the ascending sequence of the difference in the reduction of the target same period frequency are denoted as the proportional reduction frequency of the target same period frequency.

[0133] The ratio of the number of frequencies with proportional reduction to the target frequency within the same period to the total number of frequencies within the same period is denoted as the percentage of frequencies with proportional reduction to the target frequency within the same period in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal reduction curve.

[0134] It should be noted that, since the proportional reduction frequency of the target period frequency is approximately equal to the reduction ratio of the target period frequency, that is, the smaller the proportional reduction difference of the proportional reduction frequency, the polarization division is performed after sorting. The part with the smaller proportional reduction difference is taken as the proportional reduction frequency of the target period frequency, so as to find the part of period frequencies that are approximately equal to the reduction ratio of the target period frequency. At the same time, the more period frequencies that are approximately equal to the reduction ratio of the target period frequency, the more frequencies that use an approximate reduction ratio with the target period frequency. In other words, the more likely these frequencies that share the same approximate reduction ratio are to appear in the vibration curve of the generator due to vibration transmission.

[0135] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the interference frequencies of the horizontal descent curve by screening frequencies with the same period using the proportional reduction frequency ratio are as follows: a preset interference screening threshold is set, which is described in this embodiment as 0.68. If the proportional reduction frequency ratio of the target same period frequency is greater than the interference screening threshold in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal descent curve, it is recorded as the target same period frequency and recorded as an interference frequency. Similarly, all interference frequencies of the horizontal descent curve are obtained.

[0136] Furthermore, after filtering out all the interference frequencies in the spectrum of the generator's horizontal amplitude reduction curve, an inverse Fourier transform is performed to obtain the generator's horizontal denoising decomposition curve.

[0137] Step S004: Obtain the vertical denoising decomposition curve of the generator using the method for obtaining the horizontal denoising decomposition curve; fuse the horizontal denoising decomposition curve and the vertical denoising decomposition curve to perform operation and maintenance status detection on the generator.

[0138] Specifically, the vertical denoising decomposition curve of the generator is obtained by using the method for obtaining the horizontal denoising decomposition curve.

[0139] Furthermore, by reading other data such as generator power output, generator rotation stroke, temperature, and humidity from the flight computer, and combining them with the horizontal and vertical denoising decomposition curves, a generator brush life prediction model is constructed to predict the generator brush life and enable the generator's operational status to be monitored.

[0140] The construction of a generator brush life prediction model is a well-known existing technology. As an example, in this embodiment, the generator's power output, generator rotation stroke, temperature, humidity, as well as the horizontal and vertical denoising decomposition curves, are used as the training set and input into a long short-term memory artificial neural network to train the brush life prediction model. The loss function selected during training is the cross-entropy loss function. The model trained using the long short-term memory artificial neural network can predict future trends. When there is a deviation between the real-time monitored data and the predicted data of the brush life prediction model, it indicates an abnormal generator operation and maintenance.

[0141] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent operation and maintenance state detection of a power generator based on data analysis, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Monitoring the running vibration state of the helicopter and its generator, obtaining the horizontal and vertical decomposition curves of the generator and the helicopter respectively, and obtaining the relative acceleration of the helicopter at each time; Eliminating the influence of the relative acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curves of the helicopter and its generator, and obtaining the horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator; After performing spectral decomposition on the horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator, analyzing the frequency periodicity invariance and the consistent amplitude reduction ratio when the helicopter vibration is transmitted to the generator, and obtaining the horizontal denoising decomposition curve of the generator; The horizontal amplitude modulation curves of the helicopter and its generator are decomposed by spectrum, the frequency periodicity invariance and the consistent amplitude reduction ratio when the helicopter vibration is transmitted to the generator are analyzed, and the horizontal denoising decomposition curve of the generator is obtained, which comprises: Respectively performing Fourier transform on the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the helicopter and the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the generator, and obtaining the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the helicopter and the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the generator; The frequencies appearing in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the helicopter and the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the generator at the same time are recorded as the same period frequency of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves; According to all the same period frequencies of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves, the same period frequency proportion of each same period frequency of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves is obtained; Using the same period frequency proportion to filter the same period frequencies, and obtaining the interference frequencies of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves; After filtering all the interference frequencies in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the generator, inverse Fourier transform is performed, and the horizontal denoising decomposition curve of the generator is obtained; According to all the same period frequencies of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves, the same period frequency proportion of each same period frequency of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves is obtained, which comprises: Any one same period frequency is recorded as a target same period frequency; The ratio of the amplitude of each same period frequency in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the generator and in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the helicopter is recorded as the amplitude reduction ratio of each same period frequency; After reducing the amplitude of each same period frequency in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the helicopter using the amplitude reduction ratio of the target same period frequency, the amplitude reduction amplitude of each same period frequency about the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the helicopter is obtained; According to the difference between the amplitude reduction amplitude and the amplitude of the same same period frequency in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the generator, the same period frequency proportion of the target same period frequency is obtained; The specific steps for obtaining the amplitude reduction amplitude comprise: In the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the helicopter, the product of the amplitude of each same period frequency except the target same period frequency and the amplitude reduction ratio of the target same period frequency is recorded as the amplitude reduction amplitude of each same period frequency about the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the helicopter; The specific steps for obtaining the same period frequency proportion of the target same period frequency according to the difference between the amplitude reduction amplitude and the amplitude of the same same period frequency in the frequency spectrum of the horizontal amplitude reduction curves of the generator comprise: The absolute value of the difference between the amplitude of each same period frequency in the frequency spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator and the amplitude reduction amplitude of the same period frequency relative to the target same period frequency is recorded as the same proportion amplitude difference of each same period frequency relative to the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator. The proportion of the same proportion amplitude frequency of the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator is obtained according to the same proportion amplitude difference of all same period frequencies relative to the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator. The specific steps of obtaining the proportion of the same proportion amplitude frequency of the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator according to the same proportion amplitude difference of all same period frequencies relative to the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator include: The same proportion amplitude difference of all same period frequencies relative to the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator is arranged in ascending order to obtain an ascending sequence of the amplitude difference of the target same period frequency. The absolute value of the difference between the same proportion amplitude difference of each sequence and the next sequence in the ascending sequence of the amplitude difference of the target same period frequency is recorded as the division coefficient of each sequence in the ascending sequence of the amplitude difference of the target same period frequency. The sequence with the largest division coefficient is recorded as a division node sequence, and all same period frequencies from the first sequence to the division node sequence in the ascending sequence of the amplitude difference of the target same period frequency are recorded as the same proportion amplitude frequency of the target same period frequency. The ratio of the number of the same proportion amplitude frequency of the target same period frequency to the number of all same period frequencies is recorded as the proportion of the same proportion amplitude frequency of the target same period frequency in the frequency spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator. The horizontal denoising decomposition curve of the generator is obtained by using the method for obtaining the horizontal denoising decomposition curve, and the horizontal denoising decomposition curve and the vertical denoising decomposition curve are fused to detect the operation and maintenance state of the generator.

2. The intelligent operation and maintenance state detection method for power generators based on data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal decomposition curve and the vertical decomposition curve of the generator and the helicopter are obtained by: obtaining the vibration data of the generator at each time; obtaining the vibration data of the helicopter at each time; the horizontal direction and the vertical direction constitute a rotating plane coordinate system; projecting the vibration data of the generator at each time onto the horizontal direction of the rotating plane coordinate system to obtain the horizontal vibration data of the generator at each time; arranging the horizontal vibration data of the generator at all times in time sequence to obtain the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator; projecting the vibration data of the generator at each time onto the vertical direction of the rotating plane coordinate system to obtain the vertical vibration data of the generator at each time; arranging the vertical vibration data of the generator at all times in time sequence to obtain the vertical decomposition curve of the generator; the horizontal decomposition curve and the vertical decomposition curve of the helicopter are obtained according to the method for obtaining the horizontal decomposition curve and the vertical decomposition curve of the generator.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The horizontal decomposition curve of the helicopter and the generator is obtained by eliminating the influence of the relative acceleration on the horizontal decomposition curve of the helicopter and the generator. The difference between the horizontal vibration data at each time and the next time of each time in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator is recorded as the horizontal vibration increment of each time in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator; The horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at the next time of each time is obtained by using the relative acceleration at each time, combining the horizontal vibration data and the horizontal vibration increment at the same time in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator; According to the method for obtaining the horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at the next time of each time, the horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at each time is obtained. The horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at all times constitutes the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the generator. According to the method for obtaining the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the generator, the horizontal amplitude modulation curve of the helicopter is obtained.

4. The intelligent operation and maintenance state detection method for power generators based on data analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps of the horizontal correction vibration data include: Projecting the relative acceleration at each time onto the horizontal direction to obtain the horizontal relative acceleration at each time; Obtaining the correction increment at the next time of each time in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator, the correction increment being in a proportional relationship with the horizontal vibration increment at each time and the horizontal relative acceleration at each time; The sum of the horizontal vibration data at each time and the correction increment at the next time of each time in the horizontal decomposition curve of the generator is taken as the horizontal correction vibration data of the generator at the next time of each time.

5. The intelligent operation and maintenance state detection method for power generators based on data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the interference frequency include: A disturbance screening threshold is preset, if the same proportional amplitude frequency proportion of the target same period frequency in the spectrum diagram of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve of the generator is greater than the disturbance screening threshold, the target same period frequency is recorded as an interference frequency, and all interference frequencies of the horizontal amplitude reduction curve are obtained.

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