A method and system for controlling the parameters of layered cutting machining

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for controlling layered cutting machining parameters, relating to the field of device processing technology. The method includes: layering a heat-sensitive workpiece to obtain an upper machining layer and a lower machining layer, wherein the heat dissipation capacity of the lower machining layer is lower than that of the upper machining layer; dividing the area to be processed in the lower machining layer into multiple discrete machining units; generating a machining sequence, wherein the machining sequence is the order in which the multiple discrete machining units are cut, and the discrete machining units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the machining sequence are not spatially adjacent; and controlling the cutting parameters of the multiple discrete machining units according to the machining sequence. This invention can achieve layered cutting machining parameter control by combining different machining sequences, improving product quality and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of device processing technology, and in particular to a method and system for controlling the parameters of layered cutting processing. Background Technology

[0002] In modern precision manufacturing, traditional methods involve continuous cutting along a contour path when machining heat-sensitive metal workpieces with complex deep cavity structures. However, as machining progresses from shallow to deep layers, the machining environment changes drastically, particularly the deterioration of cooling and chip removal conditions. This can have unexpected negative impacts on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the workpiece material. The inconsistency in conditions between the shallow and deep layers introduces performance defects at the interlayer interface, a hidden and difficult-to-predict quality problem that affects product service life and reliability, resulting in low product quality and reliability.

[0003] In summary, the technical problems existing in the relevant technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a method and system for controlling layered cutting parameters, which can combine different processing sequences to achieve layered cutting parameter control, thereby improving product quality and reliability.

[0005] On one hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for controlling layered cutting parameters, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The heat-sensitive workpiece is divided into two layers to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer, wherein the heat dissipation capacity of the lower processing layer is lower than that of the upper processing layer;

[0007] The processing area of ​​the lower processing layer is divided into multiple discrete processing units;

[0008] A processing sequence is generated, which is the order in which the plurality of discrete processing units are cut, wherein the discrete processing units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the processing sequence are not adjacent in space;

[0009] Based on the processing sequence, the cutting parameters of the plurality of discrete processing units are controlled.

[0010] In some embodiments, controlling the cutting parameters of the plurality of discrete machining units according to the machining sequence includes:

[0011] According to the processing sequence, set the energy injection limit;

[0012] The power consumption value of the spindle drive motor is collected at preset collection time intervals;

[0013] The cumulative energy value of a single cutting operation of the discrete machining unit is controlled to be less than the energy injection limit, and the cumulative energy value is calculated based on the power consumption value.

[0014] In some embodiments, controlling the cutting parameters of the plurality of discrete machining units according to the machining sequence includes:

[0015] According to the processing sequence, the single cutting time of the discrete processing unit is controlled to be less than or equal to a first preset time threshold.

[0016] According to the processing sequence, the time interval between adjacent cutting operations of the discrete processing unit is controlled to be greater than or equal to a second preset time threshold.

[0017] In some embodiments, controlling the time interval between adjacent cutting operations of the discrete machining unit to be greater than or equal to a second preset time threshold according to the machining sequence includes:

[0018] Based on the processing sequence, calculate the total time for cutting other processing units during the time interval;

[0019] If the total duration is less than the second preset time threshold, then the time difference is calculated based on the total duration and the second preset time threshold;

[0020] Based on the time difference, a non-cutting machine tool motion path is generated, and the execution time of the non-cutting machine tool motion path is equal to the time difference;

[0021] Execute the non-cutting machine tool motion path.

[0022] In some embodiments, generating a non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the time difference includes:

[0023] The kinematic characteristic constraints of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are constructed, and the kinematic characteristic constraints are used to suppress structural vibrations caused by machine tool motion;

[0024] Based on the time difference and the kinematic constraints, the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are generated;

[0025] Based on the geometry and velocity curve, the non-cutting machine tool motion path is generated.

[0026] In some embodiments, generating the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the time difference and the kinematic constraint includes:

[0027] Obtain the geometric information of the heat-sensitive workpiece in the processing space;

[0028] Based on the geometric information, boundary conditions are generated, which are used to constrain the geometry of the non-cutting machine tool motion path;

[0029] Based on the time difference, the kinematic constraints, and the boundary conditions, the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are generated.

[0030] In some embodiments, the kinematic feature constraints for constructing the non-cutting machine tool motion path include:

[0031] Acquire the first position information within the machine tool workspace and the second position information of the non-cutting machine tool motion path;

[0032] Construct a target correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic features, wherein the target kinematic features are used to suppress structural vibration;

[0033] Based on the correspondence between the second position information and the target, the kinematic feature constraints are constructed.

[0034] In some embodiments, constructing the target correspondence between the first location information and the target kinematic features includes:

[0035] Establish an initial correspondence between the first location information and the target kinematic features;

[0036] Acquire the actual vibration information of the machine tool when it executes a motion path at the target position, wherein the first position information includes the target position;

[0037] Based on the target location and the initial correspondence, determine the associated kinematic features;

[0038] Based on the aforementioned associated kinematic characteristics, a vibration reference is determined;

[0039] If the actual vibration information exceeds the vibration reference, then the associated kinematic features are updated;

[0040] The initial correspondence is updated based on the updated associated kinematic features to obtain the target correspondence.

[0041] In some embodiments, updating the associated kinematic features includes:

[0042] The deviation is calculated based on the actual vibration information and the vibration reference.

[0043] Obtain historical deviation information of the target location;

[0044] Based on the historical deviation information, determine the rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics;

[0045] Based on the rate of change of the dynamic characteristics of the structure, a first weight of the deviation and a second weight of the historical deviation information are calculated, wherein the first weight is positively correlated with the rate of change of the dynamic characteristics of the structure.

[0046] Based on the first weight and the second weight, the deviation amount and the historical deviation information are weighted and summed to obtain the adjustment amount required for the associated kinematic feature;

[0047] The associated kinematic features are updated based on the adjustment amount.

[0048] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a layered cutting machining parameter control system, including:

[0049] A workpiece layering module is used to layer heat-sensitive workpieces to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer, wherein the heat dissipation capacity of the lower processing layer is lower than that of the upper processing layer.

[0050] The region division module is used to divide the processing area of ​​the lower processing layer into multiple discrete processing units;

[0051] A sequence generation module is used to generate a processing sequence, which is the order in which the plurality of discrete processing units are cut, wherein the discrete processing units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the processing sequence are not adjacent in space;

[0052] The cutting control module is used to control the cutting parameters of the plurality of discrete machining units according to the machining sequence.

[0053] The embodiments of this application include at least the following beneficial effects: First, the heat-sensitive workpiece is layered to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer. Then, the area to be processed in the lower processing layer is divided into multiple discrete processing units. A processing sequence is then generated to characterize the cutting order of the multiple discrete processing units. The discrete processing units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the processing sequence are not spatially adjacent. Finally, the cutting processing parameters of the multiple discrete processing units are controlled according to the processing sequence. This enables layered cutting processing parameter control by combining different processing sequences, thereby improving product quality and reliability.

[0054] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a layered cutting machining parameter control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a layered cutting machining parameter control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0059] It is understood that the terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise stated, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the words “if,” “when,” or “in response to a determination” as used herein may be interpreted as “when…” or “when…” or “in response to a determination.”

[0060] As used in this application, the terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc., "at least one" includes one, two or more, "multiple" includes two or more, "each" refers to each of the corresponding multiples, and "any" refers to any one of the multiples.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0062] Before providing a detailed description of the embodiments of this application, some of the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained first. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application are subject to the following interpretations.

[0063] Cutting is a machining method that uses a regularly shaped cutting tool to remove excess material from the surface of a workpiece, thereby ensuring that the workpiece meets design requirements in terms of geometry, dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, and surface quality. The workpiece can be a blank or a semi-finished product; its material can be metallic or non-metallic; and the cutting tool can be single-edged or multi-edged. Cutting is a fundamental machining method in manufacturing and is widely used in production.

[0064] In related technologies, traditional layered cutting processes, especially when machining heat-sensitive workpieces with complex deep cavity structures, experience drastic changes in the machining environment as the machining progresses from shallow to deep layers. Particularly, cooling and chip removal conditions deteriorate, potentially causing unexpected negative impacts on the workpiece material's microstructure and mechanical properties. Performance defects introduced at the interlayer interface due to inconsistent conditions between consecutive machining steps are a hidden and unpredictable quality problem that directly affects the service life and reliability of the final product. Low product quality and reliability are directly related to this issue. The core technical challenge lies in planning the cutting path of subsequent machining layers to proactively control the spatial distribution and temporal accumulation of cutting heat at the interlayer interface. This prevents over-tempering of the surface-hardened layer formed in the previous machining layer due to localized heat accumulation, ultimately preventing the formation of degraded microscopic soft bands at the interlayer interface.

[0065] For example, suppose in a temperature-controlled machining workshop for manufacturing precision injection molds, a high-precision five-axis machining center is machining a mold core forged from H13 hot-work die steel. The final shape of this mold core requires machining a narrow cavity with a depth of 200 mm and a width of 30 mm. The mechanical properties of H13 steel after quenching and tempering are sensitive to the thermal history of the machining process. The machining plan is broken down into two layered milling steps, each 100 mm deep. In the first step, machining the cavity to a depth of 0 to 100 mm, the external cooling system can effectively pour emulsified coolant into the cutting area, efficiently removing cutting heat and flushing away chips. After machining, a work-hardened layer forms on the cavity surface, with a stable microstructure. However, when the machine tool performs the second layer of cutting to a depth of 100 to 200 mm, due to the depth and narrow shape of the cavity, the external coolant cannot effectively reach the cutting area. The cooling method is forced to switch to a micro-lubrication system sprayed from the spindle. While the micro-lubrication system ensures lubrication and chip removal, its ability to remove overall heat differs significantly from that of high-flow-rate liquid cooling. After the second layer of machining, continuous hardness scanning of the mold cavity wall revealed a hardness decrease at a depth of exactly 100 mm. Metallographic analysis showed that within this low-hardness zone, the tempered martensite structure of the H13 steel exhibited coarsening, and carbide particles showed a tendency to aggregate and grow, consistent with over-tempered metallographic structures. This indicates that during the second layer machining, the high temperature generated by the tool preheated the work-hardened layer left from the first layer through heat conduction, causing over-tempering of this layer, resulting in a decrease in hardness and strength. This phenomenon forms a microscopic soft band at the interlayer interface of the mold cavity sidewall, affecting the mold's service life.

[0066] If the aforementioned problems are not addressed, in the layered machining of heat-sensitive workpieces, especially when cooling conditions change between machining layers, the improper spatial distribution and temporal accumulation of cutting heat at the interlayer interface will lead to over-tempering of the formed surface-hardened layer. This over-tempering phenomenon causes a localized decrease in material hardness and strength, forming microscopic soft bands. These soft bands become structural weak points during the final product's service life, unable to withstand external stresses, wear, or fatigue loads, thus significantly shortening the product's service life and reliability. For precision molds, this means that the mold may fail prematurely during production, leading to production interruptions, increased scrap rates, and high maintenance or replacement costs. For other critical components, this hidden performance defect may trigger catastrophic failures under extreme operating conditions, threatening equipment safety and operational stability. Therefore, solving the problem of cutting heat accumulation at the interlayer interface is crucial for ensuring the machining quality and service performance of heat-sensitive workpieces.

[0067] Faced with the aforementioned problems, this application initially considered reducing cutting parameters, such as decreasing cutting speed or feed rate, to reduce the generation of cutting heat. However, this method significantly reduces machining efficiency, and in deep cavity machining, even with reduced overall heat, the problem of localized heat accumulation persists, making it difficult to effectively avoid over-tempering at interlayer junctions. Further consideration is to attempt to improve cooling methods, such as developing more efficient deep cavity cooling technologies. However, limited by the geometry of the deep cavity and the tool extension length, traditional high-flow-rate coolants struggle to effectively reach the cutting area, while micro-lubrication systems, although providing lubrication, have limitations in removing overall heat. Therefore, simply relying on improvements in cooling methods cannot fundamentally solve the problem. Given these challenges, this application shifts its focus to the refined control of the cutting path and parameters. Considering that heat conduction and dissipation in materials require time, avoiding continuous cutting of the same or adjacent areas within a short period provides sufficient time for heat diffusion. Based on this, this application conceives a method that divides the area to be machined into multiple discrete units and generates a specific machining sequence. The characteristic of this sequence is that the discrete machining units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations are not spatially adjacent. This means that after cutting one unit, its adjacent unit is skipped, and other areas are processed instead, allowing time for heat dissipation in the previously processed areas. Subsequently, based on this machining sequence, the cutting parameters of each discrete machining unit are controlled to further optimize heat input and distribution. This strategy aims to proactively manage the spatial distribution and temporal accumulation of cutting heat at the machining path and parameter control levels, thereby effectively avoiding local heat accumulation and preventing over-tempering at interlayer junctions.

[0068] The embodiments of this application will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0069] Figure 1 This is an optional flowchart of a layered cutting machining parameter control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S101 to S104.

[0070] Step S101: The heat-sensitive workpiece is divided into layers to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer. The heat dissipation capacity of the lower processing layer is lower than that of the upper processing layer.

[0071] Step S102: Divide the area to be processed in the lower processing layer into multiple discrete processing units;

[0072] Step S103: Generate a machining sequence. The machining sequence is the order in which multiple discrete machining units are cut. The discrete machining units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the machining sequence are not adjacent in space.

[0073] Step S104: Control the cutting parameters of multiple discrete machining units according to the machining sequence.

[0074] Steps S101 to S104 shown in the embodiments of this application can be combined with different processing sequences to achieve layered cutting processing parameter control, thereby improving product quality and reliability.

[0075] In some embodiments, steps S101-S104 can first layer the heat-sensitive workpiece to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer, wherein the heat dissipation capacity of the lower processing layer is lower than that of the upper processing layer. Then, the area to be processed in the lower processing layer is divided into multiple discrete processing units, enabling fine-grained management of the processing area. A processing sequence is then generated, where the processing sequence is the order in which the discrete processing units are cut, and the discrete processing units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the processing sequence are not spatially adjacent. This ensures that after a discrete processing unit is cut, its adjacent areas are not immediately cut, thus providing heat dissipation and cooling time for that area. This time interval avoids the accumulation of cutting heat in local areas and reduces local temperature peaks. Finally, according to the processing sequence, the cutting parameters of the multiple discrete processing units are controlled, such as adjusting the cutting speed, feed rate, or depth of cut, to further manage the heat input of each unit. By employing this thermal management strategy that combines spatial dispersion and time intervals, this embodiment can control the distribution and accumulation of cutting heat at the interlayer bonding interface, thereby preventing over-tempering of materials due to localized heat concentration and avoiding the formation of microscopic soft bands with degraded performance at critical bonding points.

[0076] It is understandable that discrete machining units refer to decomposing a continuous area to be processed into smaller, independently processable regions. This can be achieved using techniques such as mesh generation, point cloud sampling, or feature region segmentation. The main purpose is to enable refined management and control of the processing area, facilitating subsequent independent parameter adjustments and heat management for each small region. In a machining sequence, the discrete machining units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations are not spatially adjacent. This means that the execution order of the cutting operations is designed to be skip-cut, i.e., the unit being cut currently is not directly adjacent to the unit being cut next in terms of physical location. This can be generated using strategies such as skip-cut milling paths, checkerboard-style machining sequences, or interval machining. The main purpose is to avoid the rapid accumulation of cutting heat in local areas, allowing sufficient cooling and heat dissipation time for the processed areas, thereby reducing local temperature peaks and preventing material performance degradation due to overheating.

[0077] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is used below. Taking the machining of a heat-sensitive H13 mold steel workpiece with a deep, narrow cavity as an example, the cavity depth of the workpiece is first divided into layers. For example, the lower half of the cavity is defined as the lower machining layer, which, due to geometric constraints, is difficult for coolant to reach and has a lower heat dissipation capacity than the upper half. Next, the area to be machined in the lower machining layer, such as a specific depth area at the bottom or sidewall of the cavity, is divided into multiple discrete machining units. This can be achieved by decomposing a continuous machining path into a series of independent, small-sized machining blocks in the CNC programming software. Subsequently, a machining sequence is generated, which ensures that when cutting these discrete machining units, the discrete machining units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations are not spatially adjacent. For example, a skipping or intermittent machining strategy can be used: first machine region A, then skip adjacent regions B and C, and proceed to machine region D, allowing sufficient time for region A to dissipate heat before returning to machine region B or C. Finally, based on this generated machining sequence, the cutting parameters of each discrete machining unit are controlled. This could include introducing a brief non-cutting wait time after cutting one unit and before moving to the next non-adjacent unit, or dynamically adjusting the cutting feed rate and depth of cut to ensure that heat input on each discrete machining unit is managed, thereby avoiding excessive local heat accumulation.

[0078] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment can solve the problem of material property degradation at the interlayer interface caused by the difference in heat dissipation capacity between upper and lower processed layers in layered cutting of heat-sensitive workpieces. By dividing the lower processed area into discrete units and using spatially non-adjacent cutting sequences, the cutting heat is dispersed within the workpiece, avoiding heat accumulation in local areas. This strategy provides heat dissipation time for the processed areas, thereby reducing local temperature peaks and suppressing the risk of over-tempering of the surface hardened layer formed by the first processed layer. This embodiment ensures the stability of the material microstructure and mechanical properties at the interlayer interface, prevents the formation of microscopic soft bands, and improves the overall quality and service reliability of the workpiece.

[0079] In some embodiments, step S104, controlling the cutting parameters of multiple discrete machining units according to the machining sequence, may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0080] Set energy injection limits based on the processing sequence;

[0081] The power consumption value of the spindle drive motor is collected at preset collection time intervals;

[0082] The cumulative energy value of a single cutting operation of the discrete machining unit is less than the energy injection limit. The cumulative energy value is calculated based on the power consumption value.

[0083] In some embodiments, the time interval between adjacent cutting operations is typically a fixed value. However, for workpieces with different properties, a fixed time interval may not effectively control heat generation. Therefore, the interval between adjacent cutting operations can be further determined by detecting the injected energy. First, an energy injection limit can be set based on the machining sequence. This limit takes into full account the poor heat dissipation capacity of heat-sensitive workpieces in the lower machining layer, as well as the specific location and heat dissipation environment of the discrete machining units in the machining sequence, providing a clear upper limit for subsequent energy control. Then, the power consumption value of the spindle drive motor is collected at preset acquisition intervals. The real-time monitoring mechanism can accurately reflect the actual heat generated during cutting, providing data for the calculation of the cumulative energy value, and the data is reliable. Finally, the cumulative energy value of a single cutting operation of the discrete machining unit is controlled to be less than the energy injection limit. The cumulative energy value is calculated based on the power consumption value. The system can dynamically adjust the cutting parameters to ensure that the energy input of each cutting operation is within a safe range.

[0084] Understandably, the energy injection limit refers to the maximum energy allowed to be input during a single cutting operation on a discrete machining unit. It can be a pre-set fixed value or a value calculated based on the workpiece material's thermal sensitivity, heat dissipation capacity, the position of the current machining unit in the machining sequence, and the surrounding environmental conditions. Its purpose is to limit the generation of cutting heat from the source and prevent over-tempering or microstructural degradation in local areas of the workpiece due to excessive energy input.

[0085] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is provided below. Before cutting the lower machining layer, an energy injection limit can be calculated and set for each discrete machining unit at a specific position in the machining sequence, based on the workpiece material's thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and tool geometry parameters, using a pre-established empirical database or thermodynamic model. For example, the energy injection limit can be set relatively low for areas with poor heat dissipation at the bottom of deep cavities. During cutting, the instantaneous power consumption of the spindle drive motor can be collected in real time at preset acquisition intervals, such as every 50 milliseconds, using a power sensor integrated into the machine tool's CNC system or a separate energy metering module. These power consumption values ​​are continuously transmitted to the machine tool controller or a separate energy management unit. When a single cutting operation of a discrete machining unit begins, the energy management unit continuously accumulates the power consumption values ​​acquired from the spindle drive motor. By integrating these instantaneous power values ​​over the cutting duration, the cumulative energy value of that cutting operation is calculated. During cutting, the energy management unit compares the currently calculated cumulative energy value with the pre-set energy injection limit in real time. If the cumulative energy value approaches or reaches the energy injection limit, the machine tool controller can immediately trigger the adjustment of cutting parameters, such as automatically reducing the feed rate or spindle speed, to reduce the energy input per unit time, thereby ensuring that the cumulative energy value of a single cutting operation always remains below the energy injection limit and avoiding excessive local heat concentration.

[0086] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment can achieve accurate management of energy input during the cutting process. By pre-setting energy injection limits and monitoring and controlling the cumulative energy value of a single cutting operation of the discrete machining unit in real time, the generation and accumulation of cutting heat can be limited, thereby avoiding local overheating of the workpiece during machining. This is valuable for deep cavity machining of heat-sensitive materials, preventing material microstructure deterioration or over-tempering caused by heat concentration, ensuring stable material properties in the machining area, and thus improving machining quality and workpiece reliability.

[0087] In some embodiments, step S104, controlling the cutting parameters of multiple discrete machining units according to the machining sequence, may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0088] Step S201: According to the processing sequence, control the single cutting time of the discrete processing unit to be less than or equal to the first preset time threshold.

[0089] Step S202: According to the processing sequence, control the time interval between adjacent cutting operations of the discrete processing unit to be greater than or equal to the second preset time threshold.

[0090] In some embodiments, simply performing continuous cutting may not adequately prevent localized heat concentration, which can accumulate at the interlayer bonding interface, causing over-tempering of the surface-hardened layer formed by the first machining layer. To more precisely control heat input during the cutting process and avoid localized overheating, the single cutting time of a discrete machining unit can be controlled to be less than or equal to a first preset time threshold according to the machining sequence. This means that the duration of the cutting operation for each independent cutting region is strictly limited, thereby directly limiting the total amount of heat generated in a single cutting process and preventing a sharp increase in local temperature due to prolonged continuous cutting. Then, according to the machining sequence, the time interval between adjacent cutting operations of discrete machining units is controlled to be greater than or equal to a second preset time threshold. This means that after a discrete machining unit is cut, a sufficiently long waiting time is forcibly introduced before the next cutting of its spatially adjacent discrete machining units. This time interval provides sufficient opportunity for the heat generated by the previous cutting operation to conduct and dissipate, allowing heat to diffuse from the cutting region to the surrounding matrix material and preventing the continuous accumulation of heat in adjacent regions.

[0091] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is provided below. When performing layered cutting on the lower machining layer of a heat-sensitive workpiece, the area to be machined is first divided into multiple discrete machining units. Subsequently, a machining sequence is generated, ensuring that spatially adjacent discrete machining units are not cut consecutively. Specifically, to control heat input during the cutting process, a first preset time threshold can be pre-set. For example, this threshold can be determined experimentally or through simulation; when the single cutting time exceeds this threshold, the local temperature of the workpiece may reach the critical point of over-tempering. In actual machining, the CNC system is configured to monitor the single cutting duration of each discrete machining unit in real time. Once it detects that the single cutting time of a discrete machining unit is about to reach or has already reached the first preset time threshold, the system can automatically adjust cutting parameters, such as reducing the feed rate or spindle speed, or pausing the current cutting operation, to ensure that the single cutting time does not exceed the threshold. Furthermore, to ensure sufficient time for heat dissipation, a second preset time threshold can be set. This threshold can be determined based on the material's thermal diffusivity, cooling conditions, and the allowable rate of temperature decrease. In the machining sequence, after the cutting operation of a discrete machining unit is completed, before switching to the next spatially non-adjacent discrete machining unit that may be cut in a subsequent sequence, the system checks whether the current time interval meets a second preset time threshold. If the actual time interval is insufficient, the system can generate a non-cutting machine tool motion path, for example, allowing the tool to idle outside the workpiece or to perform a brief idle pass in a non-critical area of ​​the workpiece to fill the time until the second preset time threshold is met. In this way, the heat from the previous cutting area has been sufficiently dissipated before cutting the next discrete machining unit, thus avoiding the accumulation of heat at the interlayer junctions.

[0092] The above technical solution enables precise management of heat input during the layered cutting process of heat-sensitive workpieces. By limiting the time of each cutting operation, excessive heat generation in a single cutting area within a short period can be effectively avoided. Furthermore, extending the time interval between adjacent cutting operations allows sufficient time for the generated heat to diffuse and dissipate, preventing excessive heat accumulation in localized areas. This effectively solves the problem of over-tempering at the interlayer junctions due to deteriorated heat dissipation conditions during deep machining of heat-sensitive workpieces, thereby preserving the workpiece's microstructure and mechanical properties and improving product reliability.

[0093] In some embodiments, step S202, controlling the time interval between adjacent cutting operations of the discrete machining unit to be greater than or equal to a second preset time threshold according to the machining sequence, may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0094] Step S301: Calculate the total time for cutting other processing units during the time interval according to the processing sequence;

[0095] Step S302: If the total duration is less than the second preset time threshold, calculate the time difference based on the total duration and the second preset time threshold.

[0096] Step S303: Generate a non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the time difference. The execution time of the non-cutting machine tool motion path is equal to the time difference.

[0097] Step S304: Execute the non-cutting machine tool motion path.

[0098] In some embodiments, simply keeping the machine tool stationary during the time interval may not be sufficient to guarantee adequate heat dissipation, as the heat exchange efficiency between the workpiece or tool and the environment is low when stationary, making it impossible to effectively utilize this idle time for active heat dissipation, thus leading to localized heat accumulation. Therefore, the time interval between adjacent cutting operations can be utilized to dissipate heat from both the workpiece and the tool simultaneously, achieving a better heat dissipation effect.

[0099] First, based on the machining sequence, the total cutting time of other machining units within the time interval can be calculated, revealing how much time is actually occupied by cutting tasks within the preset time interval, thus identifying potential idle time. If the total time is less than a second preset time threshold, an underutilized idle time can be identified. The time difference is calculated based on the total time and the second preset time threshold; this time difference represents additional idle time that can be actively utilized. Then, based on the time difference, a non-cutting machine tool motion path is generated and executed, where the execution time of the non-cutting machine tool motion path equals the time difference. This means that the machine tool is no longer simply waiting statically before the next cutting operation begins, but rather performs purposeful movement. By executing this non-cutting machine tool motion path, the machine tool's movement can drive the surrounding airflow or change the relative position of the workpiece or tool with the cooling medium, thereby enhancing the convective heat transfer efficiency of the workpiece surface and accelerating the dissipation of heat from the workpiece's interior to the external environment.

[0100] It is understandable that non-cutting machine tool motion path refers to the preset trajectory followed by the moving parts (such as spindle, worktable or tool) of the machine tool when it is not cutting materials. Specifically, it can be linear motion, curvilinear motion or compound motion. Its purpose is to use the motion of the machine tool to enhance the heat exchange between the workpiece or tool and the surrounding environment, thereby promoting heat dissipation.

[0101] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is used below. Assume that during deep cavity layering cutting of a heat-sensitive mold steel workpiece, the machining control system has planned the cutting sequence of discrete machining units according to the machining sequence and set a second preset time threshold that the time interval between adjacent cutting operations should be greater than or equal to 5 seconds. After completing the cutting of one discrete machining unit, the system immediately checks the start time of the next cutting operation in the machining sequence and calculates whether there are other non-adjacent discrete machining units that need to be cut within this 5-second time interval. If the system calculates that only 2 seconds are used for cutting other machining units within this 5-second time interval, then there is a 3-second idle time (5 seconds minus 2 seconds). At this time, the control system automatically generates a non-cutting machine tool motion path based on this 3-second time difference. This path can be a simple Z-axis lifting and lowering motion, or a small-range reciprocating motion in the XY plane within a safe area, with its speed and acceleration optimized to ensure that its execution time is exactly 3 seconds. Once this non-cutting machine tool motion path is generated, the machine tool will immediately execute this path. For example, the machine tool spindle can be raised from the current machining position to a safe height, then move along a preset path, such as making a small circular or square trajectory above the workpiece, before returning to the starting position for the next cutting operation. In this way, the machine tool remains in motion for the 3 seconds while waiting for the next cutting operation to begin, thereby promoting airflow over the workpiece surface, accelerating heat dissipation, effectively reducing the local temperature of the workpiece, and creating a better thermal environment for subsequent cutting operations.

[0102] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment can more effectively utilize the time interval between adjacent cutting operations, transforming potentially wasted idle time into active heat dissipation time. By executing non-cutting machine tool motion paths during idle time, heat exchange between the workpiece and the surrounding environment can be enhanced, accelerating heat dissipation. This effectively reduces the local temperature rise of heat-sensitive workpieces during processing, preventing material property degradation due to heat accumulation, such as over-tempering, and ultimately improving processing quality and workpiece reliability.

[0103] In some embodiments, in step S303, generating a non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the time difference may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0104] Step S401: Construct kinematic characteristic constraints for the non-cutting machine tool motion path. The kinematic characteristic constraints are used to suppress structural vibrations caused by machine tool motion.

[0105] Step S402: Based on the time difference and kinematic constraints, generate the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path;

[0106] Step S403: Generate the non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the geometric shape and velocity curve.

[0107] In some embodiments, considering only the time factor may lead to structural vibrations in the machine tool during non-cutting motions, affecting machining accuracy and efficiency. To suppress structural vibrations caused by machine tool motion, kinematic constraints on the non-cutting machine tool motion path can be constructed first. These kinematic constraints are used to suppress structural vibrations caused by machine tool motion, for example, by limiting parameters such as speed, acceleration, or jerk, to ensure the machine tool remains stable during motion. Then, based on the time difference and kinematic constraints, the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are generated. This means that the generated path must not only meet the time compensation requirements but also conform to the vibration suppression requirements in terms of trajectory shape and velocity changes, thereby avoiding vibrations that may be caused by simply pursuing time compensation. Based on the geometry and velocity curve, the non-cutting machine tool motion path is then generated, enabling the machine tool to effectively utilize the time difference to meet the time interval requirements of adjacent cutting operations during non-cutting motions, while also reducing or eliminating structural vibrations through precise kinematic control.

[0108] It is understandable that kinematic constraint refers to the restriction conditions imposed on the kinematic parameters of a machine tool during non-cutting motion, such as its position, speed, acceleration, and jerk. Specifically, this can be achieved by setting parameters such as maximum allowable speed and maximum allowable acceleration, or by limiting the rate of change of curvature of the motion trajectory. The purpose is to avoid resonance or excessive vibration of the machine tool during high-speed or rapid directional changes, thereby protecting the machine tool structure and improving machining stability.

[0109] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is provided below. When generating non-cutting machine tool motion paths, modal analysis or vibration testing of a specific machine tool model can be performed first to obtain its natural frequencies and vibration response characteristics under different motion states, thereby constructing kinematic constraints. For example, the maximum allowable jerk value for each axis of the machine tool can be set to avoid exciting low-order resonance modes in the machine tool structure. Subsequently, when a non-cutting path needs to be generated based on a time difference—for example, if the calculated time difference is 2 seconds, and the machine tool needs to move from its current position to the starting position of the next machining unit—the system will comprehensively consider this 2-second time limit and the preset kinematic constraints. The path planning algorithm can use spline curve-based methods (such as B-splines or NURBS curves) to generate smooth geometry. Simultaneously, the speed planning module will generate corresponding speed curves based on the time difference and kinematic constraints (such as maximum speed and maximum acceleration) to ensure that the motion is completed within the specified time without vibration. For example, if the time difference allows, the system may choose a longer path with less curvature change and run at a lower, smoother speed to further reduce vibration risk. Finally, the generated geometry and velocity curves are converted into G-codes or motion commands that the machine tool controller can recognize. For example, through a series of G01 (linear interpolation) and G02 / G03 (circular interpolation) commands, along with F (feed speed) parameters, the machine tool is driven to perform non-cutting motions according to the planned path and speed.

[0110] The above technical solution suppresses structural vibrations caused by machine tool movement when generating non-cutting machine tool motion paths based on time differences. This ensures stable machine tool operation during non-cutting motions, avoiding impacts and resonance, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the machining process. Simultaneously, controlled vibration reduces wear on machine tool components, extending equipment lifespan and improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0111] In some embodiments, in step S402, generating the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the time difference and kinematic characteristic constraints may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0112] Obtain geometric information of heat-sensitive workpieces in the processing space;

[0113] Based on geometric information, boundary conditions are generated. These boundary conditions are used to constrain the geometry of the non-cutting machine tool motion path.

[0114] Based on the time difference, kinematic constraints, and boundary conditions, the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are generated.

[0115] In some embodiments, generating non-cutting machine tool motion paths solely based on time differences and kinematic constraints may result in paths that do not meet actual machining requirements. For example, collisions with heat-sensitive workpieces may occur, or the generated paths may be uneven, causing machine tool vibration. To more accurately generate the geometry and velocity curves, the geometric information of the heat-sensitive workpiece in the machining space can be obtained first. This geometric information is fundamental to ensuring the safety of the machine tool motion path, as heat-sensitive workpieces are particularly sensitive to collisions and improper contact during machining. Then, based on the geometric information, boundary conditions are generated. These boundary conditions constrain the geometry of the non-cutting machine tool motion path. These boundary conditions can precisely define areas that the machine tool must avoid during non-cutting motion, such as the workpiece's surface, internal structure, or machined areas, thereby effectively constraining the geometry of the non-cutting machine tool motion path and preventing interference or collisions between the machine tool and the workpiece. The geometry and velocity curves of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are then generated based on the time difference, kinematic constraints, and boundary conditions. In addition to considering the preset time difference and kinematic constraints, these newly generated boundary conditions are also taken into account. By comprehensively considering time difference, kinematic constraints, and boundary conditions, the path planning algorithm can generate a non-cutting motion path that meets time requirements, ensures smooth motion, and completely avoids the workpiece.

[0116] It is understandable that boundary conditions refer to the restrictions or requirements imposed on the geometry of non-cutting machine tool motion paths. Specifically, they can refer to the starting point, ending point, intermediate points, avoidance areas, safety distances, or specific shape constraints of the path. Their purpose is to ensure that the generated path meets safety and process requirements.

[0117] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is provided below. When generating the geometry and velocity curve of a non-cutting machine tool motion path, firstly, the 3D model data of the heat-sensitive workpiece to be machined can be imported from a computer-aided design (CAD) system to obtain its precise geometric information. This geometric information can include the workpiece's surface mesh, solid model, or point cloud data. Next, based on this geometric information, the path planning software can automatically identify and generate a series of boundary conditions. For example, the workpiece surface can be set as an impassable obstacle, and a minimum safe distance can be defined to ensure that the machine tool or spindle maintains this safe distance from the workpiece during non-cutting movement. These boundary conditions can be expressed as a series of spatial restrictions, such as prohibited areas, permitted areas, or specific path points. Subsequently, the path planning module can use optimization algorithms, such as spline curve interpolation or B-spline curve fitting methods, combined with preset time differences, machine tool kinematic constraints (e.g., maximum speed, maximum acceleration, jerk limits, and motion modes to avoid resonant frequencies), and the previously generated boundary conditions, to calculate and generate an optimal geometry and velocity curve for the non-cutting machine tool motion path. For example, if the time difference requires the machine tool to complete the movement within 2 seconds, the kinematic constraints require the maximum speed to not exceed 10 m / s and the acceleration to be smooth, and the boundary conditions require avoiding specific grooves on the workpiece, then the algorithm will find a path that completes the movement within 2 seconds, with smooth speed and without colliding with the grooves. The geometry of the path can be a composite curve, while the velocity curve can be an S-curve to ensure the smoothness of the motion.

[0118] By employing the above technical solutions, the actual geometry of heat-sensitive workpieces can be fully considered when generating non-cutting machine tool motion paths, avoiding collisions between the machine tool and the workpiece during non-cutting movements and improving machining safety. Simultaneously, by combining kinematic constraints and time differences, the generated path meets the time requirements of the machining cycle and ensures the smoothness of the machine tool movement, suppressing structural vibrations that may be caused by machine tool movement, and improving machining accuracy and workpiece surface quality.

[0119] In some embodiments, the kinematic feature constraints for the non-cutting machine tool motion path in step S401 may include, but are not limited to, the following steps:

[0120] Step S501: Obtain the first position information within the machine tool workspace and the second position information of the non-cutting machine tool motion path;

[0121] Step S502: Construct the target correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic features, whereby the target kinematic features are used to suppress structural vibration;

[0122] Step S503: Construct kinematic feature constraints based on the correspondence between the second position information and the target.

[0123] In some embodiments, the lack of consideration for the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool at different workspace positions during the construction of kinematic constraint may lead to the non-cutting motion path causing or exacerbating structural vibration at certain specific locations, failing to effectively suppress structural vibration caused by machine tool movement, thereby affecting machining accuracy and stability. To more effectively suppress structural vibration, the first position information within the machine tool's workspace and the second position information of the non-cutting machine tool motion path can be obtained first, thus providing a spatial positioning basis for subsequent vibration suppression strategies. Then, a target correspondence relationship between the first position information and the target kinematic feature is constructed. The target kinematic feature is used to suppress structural vibration. The establishment of the target correspondence relationship allows the machine tool to dynamically select or adjust kinematic parameters according to its specific position when performing non-cutting motion, thereby actively avoiding or mitigating resonance or structural vibration caused by motion. Finally, based on the second position information and the target correspondence relationship, kinematic constraint is constructed to ensure that the planning of the non-cutting motion path not only meets the time difference requirement, but its kinematic characteristics are also optimized to suppress vibration.

[0124] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is used below. First, a series of representative discrete points within the machine tool's workspace can be pre-selected as the first position information. These points can be evenly distributed throughout the workspace or concentrated in areas where the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool structure change significantly. For each first position information point, vibration response data of the machine tool when performing a specific motion at that position can be obtained through experimental testing or simulation analysis. Based on this, target kinematic characteristics that can effectively suppress vibration can be determined, such as the maximum allowable speed, acceleration, or recommended trajectory smoothness parameters for each axis of the machine tool at that position. This data can be stored in a database or lookup table, thereby establishing a target correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic characteristics. When it is necessary to generate a non-cutting machine tool motion path, a series of key points or sampling points on the path can be obtained first as the second position information. These second position information points can represent the start, end, and intermediate turning points of the path. For each second position information point, the target kinematic characteristics corresponding to that position can be obtained by querying the previously established target correspondence. For example, if the second position information point is located in a known resonant region within the machine tool's workspace, the target correspondence can indicate that lower speed and acceleration limits should be applied within that region, along with a higher requirement for trajectory smoothness. Finally, based on these second position information points and their corresponding target kinematic characteristics, kinematic constraints for the non-cutting machine tool's motion path can be constructed. These constraints are then input into the path planning algorithm, guiding it to generate the geometry and velocity curves of the non-cutting motion path that satisfy the time difference requirements while simultaneously suppressing structural vibrations. For instance, the path planner ensures that when the generated path passes through a specific second position information point, its local velocity and acceleration do not exceed the limits obtained from the target correspondence, and that the path's rate of curvature change meets the smoothness requirements, thereby avoiding the excitation of the machine tool's inherent vibration modes.

[0125] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment can dynamically construct kinematic constraint on the non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool at different workspace positions. This makes the planning of the non-cutting path no longer a simple geometric connection, but incorporates vibration suppression considerations, thereby effectively suppressing structural vibrations caused by machine tool movement. This helps improve the operational stability of the machine tool during non-cutting processes, reduces the adverse effects of vibration on machining accuracy, and ultimately improves the final workpiece's machining quality and surface integrity.

[0126] In some embodiments, step S502, constructing the target correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic features, may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0127] Step S601: Construct the initial correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic features;

[0128] Step S602: Obtain the actual vibration information of the machine tool when it executes the motion path at the target position. The first position information includes the target position.

[0129] Step S603: Determine the associated kinematic features based on the target location and the initial correspondence;

[0130] Step S604: Determine the vibration reference based on the associated kinematic characteristics;

[0131] Step S605: If the actual vibration information exceeds the vibration reference, update the associated kinematic features;

[0132] Step S606: Update the initial correspondence based on the updated associated kinematic features to obtain the target correspondence.

[0133] In some embodiments, the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool structure may change over time and with variations in the operating environment, causing the pre-set target correspondence to become less optimal and thus affecting the vibration suppression effect. Therefore, the target correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic characteristics can be dynamically updated based on the actual vibration conditions of the machine tool to adapt to changes in the machine tool's dynamic characteristics.

[0134] An initial correspondence between primary position information and target kinematic features can be established first. When the machine tool executes its motion path, the actual vibration information of the machine tool at the target position is acquired, where the primary position information includes the target position. Then, based on the target position and the initial correspondence, associated kinematic features are determined; these features are key parameters affecting the vibration level. Next, a vibration benchmark is determined based on the associated kinematic features, serving as a basis for judging whether the actual vibration is within an acceptable range. If the actual vibration information exceeds the vibration benchmark, it indicates that the current kinematic feature parameters can no longer effectively suppress vibration, and the associated kinematic features can be updated. This update is based on actual vibration feedback, allowing the kinematic features to adapt to changes in the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool structure. Finally, based on the updated associated kinematic features, the initial correspondence is updated to obtain the target correspondence. This dynamic update mechanism ensures that the kinematic feature constraints of the machine tool can be continuously optimized under different operating conditions and long-term operation, effectively suppressing structural vibration. Even when the machine tool is performing non-cutting motions for heat management, it can maintain high precision and stability, avoid introducing new machining defects due to vibration, thereby improving the overall machining quality and efficiency. Especially for deep cavity machining of heat-sensitive workpieces, it can effectively avoid performance degradation at the interlayer joint.

[0135] Understandably, actual vibration information refers to data reflecting the structural vibration state of a machine tool, collected in real time by sensors when the machine tool executes a specific motion path. This data can include physical quantities such as vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement, acquired through sensors such as accelerometers, laser vibrometers, or strain gauges. Its purpose is to objectively assess the machine tool's vibration level under current kinematic parameters, serving as a basis for determining whether adjustments are needed. Vibration benchmarks refer to preset thresholds or standards used to measure whether the actual vibration level of the machine tool is acceptable. These can be set based on the machine tool's design specifications, machining process requirements, industry standards, or statistical analysis results of historical operating data. They can be a fixed value or a dynamically changing range, aiming to provide an objective basis for determining when updates to related kinematic characteristics need to be triggered.

[0136] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is used below. The initial correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic characteristics can be established in advance through a database created by finite element analysis or modal analysis, or by conducting a series of tests under typical working conditions, recording the vibration response under different positions and motion parameters, and then obtaining a mapping model through regression analysis or neural network training. During the actual operation of the machine tool, the actual vibration information of the machine tool when executing the motion path at the target position can be acquired. This can be done in real time by installing triaxial accelerometers on the machine tool spindle box, worktable, or key bearing housing. These accelerometers convert the vibration signals into electrical signals and transmit them to the controller via a data acquisition card. The first position information includes the target position, such as a path point or interpolation point defined in the machine tool CNC program. Based on the current target position and the initial correspondence, the system can determine the associated kinematic characteristics, such as the feed rate and axis acceleration corresponding to the current target position. Subsequently, based on these associated kinematic characteristics, a vibration benchmark can be determined, such as setting it to the machine tool vibration level specified in the ISO 2372 standard, or, based on historical machining experience, extrapolating the surface roughness requirements of a specific workpiece to the allowable maximum peak vibration acceleration. If the actual vibration information, such as the root mean square value of vibration acceleration, exceeds the vibration benchmark, an adaptive control algorithm, such as gradient descent or reinforcement learning, can be used to fine-tune the associated kinematic characteristics corresponding to the current target position. For example, if the vibration is too large, the allowable maximum acceleration or jerk at that position can be appropriately reduced. Finally, based on the updated associated kinematic characteristics, the initial correspondence can be updated to obtain the target correspondence. This can be done by modifying the corresponding entries in the lookup table, or by updating the coefficients of the parameterized model through online learning algorithms, such as Kalman filtering or recursive least squares, so that the new target correspondence can reflect the current true dynamic characteristics of the machine tool.

[0137] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment can dynamically update the target correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic features. By acquiring the actual vibration information of the machine tool in real time and comparing it with the vibration benchmark, the system can promptly detect and respond to changes in the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool structure. When the vibration exceeds the acceptable range, the solution can automatically adjust the associated kinematic features and update the target correspondence accordingly, thereby ensuring that the vibration suppression strategy of the machine tool is always kept in the optimal or near-optimal state. This effectively solves the problem of decreased vibration suppression effect caused by long-term operation, wear, or environmental changes of the machine tool, ensuring that the machine tool maintains high precision and stability throughout its entire life cycle, thereby improving processing quality, reducing scrap rate, and potentially extending the service life of key machine tool components.

[0138] In some embodiments, updating the associated kinematic features in step S605 may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0139] The deviation is calculated based on the actual vibration information and vibration reference.

[0140] Obtain historical deviation information of the target location;

[0141] Determine the rate of change of the structure's dynamic characteristics based on historical deviation information;

[0142] Based on the rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics, the first weight of the deviation and the second weight of the historical deviation information are calculated. The first weight is positively correlated with the rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics.

[0143] Based on the first and second weights, the deviation amount and historical deviation information are weighted and summed to obtain the adjustment amount required for the associated kinematic features.

[0144] Update the associated kinematic features based on the adjustment amount.

[0145] In some embodiments, since the historical deviation information and the current actual vibration information are only fused according to a fixed ratio, the lack of consideration for changes in the dynamic characteristics of the structure may result in insufficient accuracy of adjustment when the vibration characteristics of the machine tool change, and thus fail to effectively suppress structural vibration.

[0146] To improve the accuracy of adjustments, the deviation can first be calculated based on actual vibration information and a vibration benchmark to quantify the current vibration state. Then, historical deviation information for the target location is acquired. This information contains vibration data from a past period at that location, reflecting the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool structure. Based on the historical deviation information, the rate of change of the structure's dynamic characteristics is determined. This rate reflects the trend of changes in the machine tool's inherent characteristics such as stiffness and damping over time. Then, based on the rate of change of the structure's dynamic characteristics, a first weight for the deviation and a second weight for the historical deviation information are calculated. The first weight is positively correlated with the rate of change of the structure's dynamic characteristics. This means that when the machine tool's structural characteristics change rapidly, the system will focus more on the current actual vibration information to quickly respond to new vibration states; conversely, when the structural characteristics are relatively stable, the system will refer more to historical deviation information to maintain the smoothness and robustness of the adjustment. Based on the first and second weights, the deviation and historical deviation information are weighted and summed to obtain the adjustment amount required for the associated kinematic characteristics. This adjustment amount integrates the current vibration deviation and historical vibration trends, and can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual vibration requirements of the machine tool. Finally, based on the adjustment amount, the associated kinematic features are updated, thereby improving the accuracy of the associated kinematic feature adjustment.

[0147] Understandingly, deviation refers to the degree of difference between the current actual vibration state of a machine tool and a preset or expected vibration benchmark. It can be expressed as the difference or ratio of parameters such as vibration amplitude, frequency, or energy, and its purpose is to quantify the deviation between the current vibration and the ideal state. Historical deviation information refers to vibration data recorded at the target location over a past period. It can include a series of time-series vibration amplitudes, frequencies, phases, or their statistical characteristics, such as mean, variance, or trend. Its purpose is to reflect the vibration trend and stability of the machine tool structure over a period of time. The rate of change of structural dynamic characteristics refers to the speed at which the inherent properties of the machine tool structure in terms of vibration response change over time. It can be determined based on the trend analysis of vibration parameters in historical deviation information, the drift of spectral characteristics, or the identification results of modal parameters. Its purpose is to assess whether the machine tool's stiffness, damping, or mass distribution characteristics are undergoing significant changes. Adjustment refers to the specific numerical value or vector used to correct associated kinematic characteristics. It can be a comprehensive correction value obtained by weighted summation of the deviation and historical deviation information. Its purpose is to provide a precise correction instruction to optimize the machine tool's kinematic characteristics.

[0148] To illustrate this technical solution more clearly, a specific example is provided below. First, accelerometers installed on key parts of the machine tool can be used to collect real-time vibration information as the machine tool executes its motion path at the target position; for example, the root mean square (RMS) value of the vibration signal can be obtained. Simultaneously, the system presets a vibration benchmark, which can be a threshold value of the RMS vibration obtained through statistical analysis of a large amount of experimental data under stable machine tool operation. Then, by comparing the real-time collected vibration information with the vibration benchmark, the current deviation is calculated; for example, the difference between the two is calculated. Next, the system retrieves historical deviation information accumulated over a period of time from the storage unit. This information can be a sequence of deviations at multiple time points. To determine the rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics, the system can perform trend analysis on this historical deviation information; for example, by calculating the slope of the deviation over time using a linear regression algorithm, or by calculating the average rate of change between adjacent deviations. If the calculated slope or average rate of change is large, it indicates a high rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics. Based on this rate of change, the system can dynamically calculate the first weight of the deviation and the second weight of the historical deviation information. For example, a rate of change threshold can be set. When the rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics exceeds this threshold, the first weight can be set to a relatively high value, such as 0.7, while the second weight is set to 0.3 accordingly. Conversely, when the rate of change is below the threshold, the first weight can be set to 0.3, and the second weight to 0.7. This ensures that the first weight is positively correlated with the rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics. Subsequently, the system calculates the first and second weights and performs a weighted summation of the current deviation and a representative value from historical deviation information (e.g., the average or latest value of historical deviation information) to obtain the adjustment amount required for the associated kinematic characteristics. For example, the adjustment amount can be equal to the first weight multiplied by the deviation, plus the second weight multiplied by the average of historical deviation information. Finally, the system adds this adjustment amount to the current associated kinematic characteristics to complete the update of the associated kinematic characteristics. For example, if the associated kinematic characteristics are velocity or acceleration limiting parameters used to suppress vibration, then the new limiting parameter will be the old parameter plus or minus this adjustment amount.

[0149] The above technical solution dynamically integrates current vibration information and historical deviation information when updating associated kinematic features. By adjusting the weights of deviation and historical deviation information according to the rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics, the adjustment of associated kinematic features becomes more precise and adaptive. When the machine tool's structural characteristics change rapidly, the system can quickly respond to the current vibration state; when the structural characteristics are stable, it can use historical data to maintain the smoothness of the adjustment. This effectively solves the problem of how to accurately adjust associated kinematic features, thereby more effectively suppressing the machine tool's structural vibration and improving the stability of the machine tool's motion and machining accuracy.

[0150] The beneficial effects of implementing the embodiments of the present invention include: First, the heat-sensitive workpiece is layered to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer. Then, the area to be processed in the lower processing layer is divided into multiple discrete processing units. A processing sequence is then generated to characterize the cutting order of the multiple discrete processing units. In the processing sequence, the discrete processing units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations are not adjacent in space. Finally, the cutting processing parameters of the multiple discrete processing units are controlled according to the processing sequence. This enables layered cutting processing parameter control by combining different processing sequences, thereby improving product quality and reliability.

[0151] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a layered cutting machining parameter control system, including:

[0152] The workpiece layering module 701 is used to layer heat-sensitive workpieces to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer. The heat dissipation capacity of the lower processing layer is lower than that of the upper processing layer.

[0153] The region division module 702 is used to divide the processing area of ​​the lower processing layer into multiple discrete processing units;

[0154] The sequence generation module 703 is used to generate a machining sequence, which is the order in which multiple discrete machining units are cut. The discrete machining units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the machining sequence are not adjacent in space.

[0155] The cutting control module 704 is used to control the cutting parameters of multiple discrete machining units according to the machining sequence.

[0156] The content of the above method embodiments is applicable to this system embodiment. The specific functions implemented in this system embodiment are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved in the above method embodiments.

[0157] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0158] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

Claims

1. A method for controlling parameters in layered cutting processes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The heat-sensitive workpiece is divided into two layers to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer, wherein the heat dissipation capacity of the lower processing layer is lower than that of the upper processing layer; The processing area of ​​the lower processing layer is divided into multiple discrete processing units; A processing sequence is generated, which is the order in which the plurality of discrete processing units are cut, wherein the discrete processing units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the processing sequence are not adjacent in space; According to the processing sequence, the cutting parameters of the plurality of discrete processing units are controlled. A discrete processing unit refers to a region that is decomposed into a continuous region to be processed into a small region that can be independently adjusted in terms of parameters and heat management. The step of controlling the cutting parameters of the plurality of discrete machining units according to the machining sequence includes: According to the processing sequence, the single cutting time of the discrete processing unit is controlled to be less than or equal to a first preset time threshold. According to the processing sequence, the time interval between adjacent cutting operations of the discrete processing unit is controlled to be greater than or equal to a second preset time threshold. The step of controlling the time interval between adjacent cutting operations of the discrete machining unit to be greater than or equal to a second preset time threshold according to the machining sequence includes: Based on the processing sequence, calculate the total time for cutting other processing units during the time interval; If the total duration is less than the second preset time threshold, then the time difference is calculated based on the total duration and the second preset time threshold; Based on the time difference, a non-cutting machine tool motion path is generated, and the execution time of the non-cutting machine tool motion path is equal to the time difference; Execute the non-cutting machine tool motion path; The step of generating a non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the time difference includes: The kinematic characteristic constraints of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are constructed, and the kinematic characteristic constraints are used to suppress structural vibrations caused by machine tool motion; Based on the time difference and the kinematic constraints, the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are generated; Based on the geometry and velocity curve, the non-cutting machine tool motion path is generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path based on the time difference and the kinematic characteristic constraints includes: Obtain the geometric information of the heat-sensitive workpiece in the processing space; Based on the geometric information, boundary conditions are generated, which are used to constrain the geometry of the non-cutting machine tool motion path; Based on the time difference, the kinematic constraints, and the boundary conditions, the geometry and velocity curve of the non-cutting machine tool motion path are generated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The kinematic feature constraints for constructing the non-cutting machine tool motion path include: Acquire the first position information within the machine tool workspace and the second position information of the non-cutting machine tool motion path; Construct a target correspondence between the first position information and the target kinematic features, wherein the target kinematic features are used to suppress structural vibration; Based on the correspondence between the second position information and the target, the kinematic feature constraints are constructed.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of constructing the target correspondence between the first location information and the target kinematic features includes: Establish an initial correspondence between the first location information and the target kinematic features; Acquire the actual vibration information of the machine tool when it executes a motion path at the target position, wherein the first position information includes the target position; Based on the target location and the initial correspondence, determine the associated kinematic features; Based on the aforementioned associated kinematic characteristics, a vibration reference is determined; If the actual vibration information exceeds the vibration reference, then the associated kinematic features are updated; The initial correspondence is updated based on the updated associated kinematic features to obtain the target correspondence.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The updating of the associated kinematic features includes: The deviation is calculated based on the actual vibration information and the vibration reference. Obtain historical deviation information of the target location; Based on the historical deviation information, determine the rate of change of the structural dynamic characteristics; Based on the rate of change of the dynamic characteristics of the structure, a first weight of the deviation and a second weight of the historical deviation information are calculated, wherein the first weight is positively correlated with the rate of change of the dynamic characteristics of the structure. Based on the first weight and the second weight, the deviation amount and the historical deviation information are weighted and summed to obtain the adjustment amount required for the associated kinematic feature; The associated kinematic features are updated based on the adjustment amount.

6. A layered cutting machining parameter control system, used to implement any one of the layered cutting machining parameter control methods of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: A workpiece layering module is used to layer heat-sensitive workpieces to obtain an upper processing layer and a lower processing layer, wherein the heat dissipation capacity of the lower processing layer is lower than that of the upper processing layer. The region division module is used to divide the processing area of ​​the lower processing layer into multiple discrete processing units; A sequence generation module is used to generate a processing sequence, which is the order in which the plurality of discrete processing units are cut, wherein the discrete processing units corresponding to two adjacent cutting operations in the processing sequence are not adjacent in space; The cutting control module is used to control the cutting parameters of the plurality of discrete machining units according to the machining sequence.

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