Flexible and light cable for ocean engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses a soft and light cable for ocean engineering, and belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, a sheath adopts a double-layer polyurethane structure, modified aramid fibers are embedded between inner and outer layers of polyurethane to serve as a reinforcing layer, and the modified aramid fibers are formed by generating oxygen-containing polar groups on the surfaces of the aramid fibers through surface modification. The modified aramid fiber and the polyurethane form chemical bonding in the processing process, and the sheath is made of thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer; the interface bonding strength between the sheath material and the modified aramid fiber woven material is high, different use environments can be better adapted, the inner and outer sheath structures are not easy to move, and the inner material is better protected. The sheath is made of polyurethane, and the polyurethane has high tensile strength, wear resistance and tear resistance and can bear mechanical stress and impact in the marine environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a soft and light cable for ocean engineering. BACKGROUND

[0002] In ocean engineering, cables are mainly used for power transmission and signal transmission, and are key infrastructure in the fields of ocean resource development, submarine communication, and offshore wind power. However, the marine environment is complex and variable, including high water pressure, extreme temperature changes, current impact, and marine biological erosion. These factors pose high requirements on the performance of cables. High-quality cables can work stably in the marine environment for a long time, thereby significantly reducing maintenance costs and replacement frequency.

[0003] To cope with the challenges of the marine environment, adjustments can be made in cable design and material selection. For example, protection can be achieved through a multi-layer structure, including a conductive core, an insulating layer, a metal sheath, and an external protective layer. The outer layer material is selected from polyethylene or steel wire braid with strong corrosion resistance, and the pressure resistance performance is improved by adding an armor layer. The water-blocking design of the cable includes radial water-blocking and longitudinal water-blocking. Radial water-blocking is usually achieved through a metal waterproof layer (such as a lead sleeve or an aluminum sleeve) and a polyethylene sheath. Longitudinal water-blocking is achieved by filling water-blocking tape, water-blocking yarn, or water-blocking powder when the conductor is stranded. These materials swell after absorbing water and can block the gaps between the filaments, preventing water from spreading.

[0004] However, in deep-sea high-pressure environments, the swelling performance of traditional water-blocking materials (such as water-blocking powder) will decrease sharply, resulting in poor longitudinal water-blocking effect. In addition, although the polymer sheath has waterproof properties, it still has a certain water absorption rate, and water may penetrate into the insulating material through intermolecular gaps. Even if high-performance materials are used, the performance of the cable may still decrease due to material aging under long-term immersion and extreme environments.

[0005] Although the existing technology has made significant progress in the design and material selection of marine engineering cables, the water-blocking performance still needs to be further improved. In particular, in deep-sea high-pressure and high-salinity environments, the water-blocking property of the cable sheath material is one of the key factors to ensure the long-term stable operation of the cable. Therefore, developing new water-blocking materials and optimizing the sheath structure to improve the water-blocking performance of the cable is an important direction for the future development of marine engineering cable technology. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a soft and light cable for ocean engineering to solve the problem of poor water-blocking performance of the soft and light cable for ocean engineering.

[0007] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions: The application discloses a soft and light marine engineering cable, wherein a sheath is made of a double-layer polyurethane structure, modified aramid fibers are embedded between the inner and outer layers of the polyurethane as a reinforcing layer, the modified aramid fibers are obtained by surface modification to form oxygen-containing polar groups on the surface of the aramid fibers, and the modified aramid fibers are chemically combined with the polyurethane in a processing process, and the material of the sheath is a thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer.

[0008] Further, the surface modification comprises plasma activation: aramid fibers are treated by argon plasma in a vacuum environment to form oxygen-containing polar groups on the surface of the aramid fibers.

[0009] Further, the thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the following steps: The diisocyanate is heated to be molten as an A component, and nitrogen protection is performed during the heating; the polyether polyol, the chain extender and the antibacterial agent are mixed, heated and dispersed as a B component, and nitrogen protection is performed during the heating; the A component and the B component are mixed and extruded, and the thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer is obtained after cooling; and the antibacterial agent is a silver-loaded carbon nanotube modified by a silane coupling agent.

[0010] Further, the number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 2000. The molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the polyether polyol is 2.5-3.1:1. The molar ratio of the chain extender to the polyether polyol is 1-1.2:1. The addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 2-3% of the total mass of the B component.

[0011] Further, the polyether polyol is selected from at least one of polytetrahydrofuran diol and polypropylene glycol. The diisocyanate is selected from at least one of 1,6-hexane diisocyanate and 4,4'-diphenylmethane-diisocyanate. The chain extender is selected from at least one of 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol.

[0012] Further, the antibacterial agent is obtained by loading silver on acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes and then treating the same by a silane coupling agent, and the silane coupling agent is an amino silane coupling agent.

[0013] Further, the cable comprises an insulated core, wherein the insulated core comprises a conductor, a power line, a data line, a coaxial cable and an optical fiber unit, the conductor, the power line, the data line, the coaxial cable and the optical fiber unit are respectively coated with an insulation layer, water-blocking powder is filled in the gaps between the insulated cores to form a water-blocking layer, the insulated core after being cabled is coated with the thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer to form an inner sheath, the modified aramid fibers are loosely woven on the outer surface of the inner sheath as an aramid fiber reinforcing layer, and the thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer is coated on the aramid fiber reinforcing layer as an outer sheath.

[0014] Further, the aramid fiber reinforced layer adopts a sparse weaving mode, and the weaving pitch is 40-60mm; the thickness of the inner sheath and the outer sheath is controlled to be 5-8mm.

[0015] Further, the conductor adopts a 1350 series five-type soft aluminum alloy stranded conductor, the single-wire diameter of the 1350 series five-type soft aluminum alloy stranded conductor is 0.3-0.5mm, the bundle-stranding pitch ratio is 16-22 times, the re-stranding pitch ratio is 14-20 times, the tensile strength of the 1350 series aluminum alloy single wire is greater than or equal to 150MPa, the elongation is greater than or equal to 15%, the electrical conductivity is greater than or equal to 61%IACS, and a 5-8μm Al2O3 ceramic insulation layer is generated on the surface of the 0.3-0.5mm single wire by adopting a micro-arc oxidation surface treatment technology.

[0016] Further, the insulating layer adopts a foamed polyethylene material, the foaming structure control adopts a supercritical foaming process, the pressure is maintained at 11-17MPa, the temperature is controlled at 115-125℃, 0.5-1.2wt% of nano boron nitride with a particle size of 50-80nm is added as a nucleating agent, the density of the foamed polyethylene is 0.5-0.8g / cm 3 , the strength is 11-16MPa, the elongation at break is 300%-600%, the dielectric constant is less than or equal to 2.3, and the dielectric loss tangent is less than or equal to 0.0005.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: The cable sheath structure in the present application adopts double-layer polyurethane, modified aramid fibers are embedded between the inner and outer layers of polyurethane as a reinforcing layer, the interface bonding strength between the sheath material and the woven material of the modified aramid fiber is high, which can better cope with different use environments, and the inner and outer sheath structures are not easy to move, and the internal materials are better protected.

[0018] The sheath material adopts polyurethane, which has high tensile strength, wear resistance and tear resistance, and can withstand mechanical stress and impact in the marine environment; the polyurethane material is easy to modify and the like, and after modification, it can exhibit good hydrolysis resistance and anti-microbial corrosion resistance in the marine environment, and is suitable for complex climate conditions in marine engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the soft and light marine engineering cable of the present application.

[0021] In the figure, 1 is a conductor, 2 is a power line, 3 is a data line, 4 is a coaxial cable, 5 is an optical fiber unit, 6 is a water-blocking layer, 7 is an inner sheath, 8 is an aramid fiber reinforced layer, and 9 is an outer sheath. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] Obviously, the following description is only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios without creative efforts. In addition, it can be understood that although the efforts made in this development process can be complex and lengthy, some design, manufacture or production changes based on the technical content disclosed in the present application are only routine technical means for those of ordinary skill in the art related to the content disclosed in the present application, and should not be understood as insufficient disclosure of the present application.

[0024] However, there will be cases of omitting unnecessary detailed description. For example, there are cases of omitting detailed description of well-known matters, repeated description of actually identical structures. This is to avoid the following description from becoming unnecessarily lengthy, facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art. In addition, the following description is provided for those skilled in the art to fully understand the present application, and is not intended to limit the subject matter recited in the claims.

[0025] If not specifically stated, all embodiments and optional embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions, and all technical features and optional technical features of the present application can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0026] The embodiment of the present application provides a soft and light marine engineering cable, the sheath adopts a double-layer polyurethane structure, modified aramid fibers are embedded between the inner and outer layers of polyurethane as a reinforcing layer, the modified aramid fibers are generated on the surface of the aramid fibers by surface modification to contain oxygen polar groups, so that the modified aramid fibers form chemical combination with polyurethane in the processing process, and the material of the sheath is a thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer. The aramid fibers after surface modification can further improve the bonding strength between the reinforcing layer (modified aramid fibers) and the sheath, resist bacterial erosion, and improve the protection effect.

[0027] In some embodiments, the surface modification includes plasma activation, and the specific steps include: In a vacuum reaction kettle, the pressure range is adjusted to 0.1-0.5 Torr, high-purity argon is introduced, the power is set to 200 W, the plasma is started, and the processing time is 5-6 min In some embodiments, the thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the following steps: The diisocyanate is heated to melt as component A, during which nitrogen is protected; the polyether polyol, chain extender and antibacterial agent are mixed and heated to disperse as component B, during which nitrogen is protected; components A and B are mixed and extruded, and cooled to obtain the thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer. The temperature of the feeding section is 150-160°C, the temperature of the mixing section is 160-180°C, the temperature of the extruding section is 180-185°C, and the temperature of the die head is 190-195°C. The antibacterial agent is a silver-loaded carbon nanotube modified by a silane coupling agent.

[0028] In some embodiments, the number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 2000; The molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the polyether polyol is 2.5-3.1:1; The molar ratio of the chain extender to the polyether polyol is 1-1.2:1; The addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 2-3% of the total mass of component B.

[0029] In some embodiments, the polyether polyol is selected from at least one of polytetrahydrofuran diol and polypropylene glycol; The diisocyanate is selected from at least one of 1,6-hexane diisocyanate and 4,4'-diphenylmethane-diisocyanate; The chain extender is selected from at least one of 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol.

[0030] In order to improve the performance of the thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer, other additives such as anti-aging agents can also be added during preparation.

[0031] In some embodiments, the antibacterial agent is obtained by acidifying a multi-walled carbon nanotube, loading silver thereon, and then treating with a silane coupling agent, and the silane coupling agent is an amino silane coupling agent. In specific embodiments, the following steps are included: The multi-walled carbon nanotube is added to a 3 mol / L nitric acid solution and heated to reflux. After oxidation is completed, the product is separated by suction filtration, washed with deionized water, and dried to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes. The amount ratio of the multi-walled carbon nanotube to the 3 mol / L nitric acid solution is 500 mg:30-40 mL. The acidified carbon nanotube is added to water, ultrasonically dispersed, and then 0.1 mol / L silver nitrate solution is added and ultrasonically dispersed. The pH value is adjusted to 7 and the product is further dispersed to obtain silver-loaded carbon nanotubes. The amount ratio of the acidified carbon nanotube, water and silver nitrate solution is 400 mg:40 mL:20 mL. The silver-loaded carbon nanotube is taken and added to an 80% (volume fraction) ethanol aqueous solution, and then γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is added and stirred for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, the product is washed with water and dried to obtain the antibacterial agent. The amount ratio of the silver-loaded carbon nanotube, the ethanol aqueous solution and the γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 0.2 g:50 mL:2-2.2 g.

[0032] The multi-walled carbon nanotubes are acidized and loaded with silver to achieve antibacterial sheath, and then treated with a silane coupling agent to improve the dispersibility of the silver-loaded carbon nanotubes. Further, the Si-O-Si network structure is introduced into the crosslinking system of the polyurethane, which not only reduces the penetration of water molecules, but also promotes the improvement of antibacterial performance. The silane coupling agent is an amino silane coupling agent, and the amino group can participate in the subsequent crosslinking reaction.

[0033] The multi-walled carbon nanotubes are acidized by conventional acid oxidation, for example, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes can be heated and oxidized by a nitric acid solution or a mixed solution of a nitric acid solution and a sulfuric acid solution. After oxidation treatment, the introduced carboxyl and other oxygen-containing groups on the surface can be combined with Ag ＋ , realizing the loading of silver and the enrichment of the surface of the carbon nanotubes. Finally, the dispersibility of the antibacterial agent is improved through secondary modification under the action of the coupling agent.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, a soft and light marine engineering cable includes an insulated core, wherein the insulated core includes a conductor 1, a power line 2, a data line 3, a coaxial cable 4, and an optical fiber unit 5, wherein the conductor 1, the power line 2, the data line 3, the coaxial cable 4, and the optical fiber unit 5 are respectively covered with an insulating layer, a water-blocking powder is filled in the gap between the insulated cores to form a water-blocking layer 6, after cabling, the insulated core is covered with a thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer to form an inner sheath 7, a modified aramid fiber is loosely woven on the outer surface of the inner sheath 7 as an aramid fiber reinforced layer 8, and a thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer is coated on the outside of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 as an outer sheath 9.

[0035] In some embodiments, the aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 adopts a loose weaving mode with a weaving pitch of 40-60mm, which ensures that the cable has good tensile capacity and the sheath layer is tightly combined when bending, and also avoids the cable stiffness caused by excessive tight weaving. The thickness of the inner sheath 7 and the outer sheath 9 is controlled between 5-8mm, which ensures the high strength and wear resistance of the cable.

[0036] Passive water-blocking mechanism: the cable is filled with water-blocking powder, which rapidly absorbs water and expands when the cable is invaded by external water, effectively sealing the internal space of the cable and preventing further water penetration, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cable in harsh marine environments. At the same time, under normal use conditions, the water-blocking powder does not absorb water, maintaining the light weight of the cable.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, the conductor 1 adopts 1350 series five types of soft aluminum alloy complex conductor, the 1350 series five types of soft aluminum alloy complex conductor, the single wire diameter is 0.3-0.5mm, the bundle twist pitch ratio is 16-22 times, the complex twist pitch ratio is 14-20 times, the tensile strength of the 1350 series aluminum alloy single wire is ≥150MPa, the elongation is ≥15%, and the electrical conductivity is ≥61%IACS. Not only ensures that the cable has good softness, but also ensures that the conductor has good tensile strength, ensures that the cable has good reliability and durability under the condition of deep sea complex. The micro-arc oxidation surface treatment technology is adopted to generate a 5-8μm Al2O3 ceramic insulation layer on the surface of the 0.3-0.5mm single wire, the existence of the ceramic insulation layer can make the conductors insulated from each other and form a path respectively, solve the skin effect during high-frequency data transmission, and improve the conduction capacity under high frequency. The treatment parameters are: current density 15-20A / dm 2 , treatment time 3-5min. In order to ensure the tensile strength of the cable, a dynamic tension control system is adopted: one hysteresis tension adjusting device is configured for each single conductor, and the tension gradient of each twisted layer is set as: center layer 3.5N→ intermediate layer 2.8N→ outer layer 2.0N.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the insulation layer adopts foamed polyethylene material, the foaming structure control adopts supercritical foaming process, the pressure is maintained at 11-17MPa, and the temperature is controlled at 115-125℃. 0.5-1.2wt% of nano boron nitride with a particle size of 50-80nm is added as a nucleating agent in the formula to form a honeycomb-like closed cell structure, the density of the foamed polyethylene is 0.5-0.8g / cm 3 , the strength is 11-16MPa, the elongation at break is 300%-600%, the dielectric constant is ≤2.3, and the dielectric loss tangent is ≤0.0005. The foaming structure greatly reduces the weight of the cable, while maintaining excellent electrical properties, including high insulation resistance and low dielectric loss, meeting the power transmission requirements in deep sea environment.

[0039] Embodiment 1 The present embodiment provides a soft and light marine engineering cable, as shown in Figure 1 , the soft and light marine engineering cable includes an insulated core, wherein the insulated core includes a conductor 1, a power line 2, a data line 3, a coaxial cable 4 and an optical fiber unit 5, wherein the conductor 1, the power line 2, the data line 3, the coaxial cable 4 and the optical fiber unit 5 are respectively covered with an insulation layer, water-blocking powder is filled in the gap between the insulated cores to form a water-blocking layer 6, the insulated core after cabling is covered with a thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer to form an inner sheath 7, a modified aramid fiber is loosely woven on the outer surface of the inner sheath 7 as an aramid fiber reinforced layer 8, and a thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer is coated outside the aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 as an outer sheath 9.

[0040] The conductor 1 adopts 1350 series five types of softness aluminum alloy complex conductor; the insulating layer adopts foaming type polyethylene material. The material of the outer sheath 9 is thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer, the thickness of the inner sheath 7 and the outer sheath 9 is controlled between 5-8mm.

[0041] The aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 adopts sparse weaving mode, the weaving pitch is 40mm. The surface modification step of the aramid fiber includes: in a vacuum reaction kettle, adjusting the pressure to 0.1 Torr, introducing high-purity argon, setting the power to 200W, starting the plasma, and processing for 5min.

[0042] The thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the following steps: The diisocyanate is heated to melt as A component, and nitrogen protection is provided during the process; the polyether polyol, the chain extender and the antibacterial agent are mixed, heated and dispersed as B component, and nitrogen protection is provided during the process; the A component and the B component are mixed and extruded, and then cooled to obtain the thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer. The antibacterial agent is a silver-loaded carbon nanotube modified by a silane coupling agent.

[0043] The number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 2000, the polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol; the molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the polyether polyol is 2.5:1; the molar ratio of the chain extender to the polyether polyol is 1:1; the chain extender is 1,4-butanediol, and the diisocyanate is 1,6-hexane diisocyanate. The addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 2% of the total amount of the B component.

[0044] The antibacterial agent is prepared by the following steps: The multi-walled carbon nanotubes are added to a 3mol / L nitric acid solution and heated to reflux. After the oxidation is completed, the acidified carbon nanotubes are separated by suction filtration, washed with deionized water, and dried. The use amount ratio of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes to the 3mol / L nitric acid solution is 500mg:30mL. The acidified carbon nanotubes are added to water, ultrasonically dispersed, and then 0.1mol / L silver nitrate solution is added and ultrasonically dispersed. The pH value is adjusted to 7, and the dispersion is continued. The use amount ratio of the acidified carbon nanotubes, water and silver nitrate solution is 400mg:40mL:20mL. The silver-loaded carbon nanotubes are taken and added to an 80% ethanol aqueous solution, and then γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is added and stirred for 4h. After the reaction is completed, the antibacterial agent is obtained by water washing and drying. The use amount ratio of the silver-loaded carbon nanotubes, the ethanol aqueous solution and the γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 0.2g:50mL:2g.

[0045] Example 2 The embodiment provides a soft and light marine engineering cable, the structure of the cable is the same as that of the embodiment 1, the soft and light marine engineering cable comprises an insulated core, wherein the insulated core comprises a conductor 1, a power line 2, a data line 3, a coaxial cable 4 and an optical fiber unit 5, the conductor 1, the power line 2, the data line 3, the coaxial cable 4 and the optical fiber unit 5 are respectively covered with an insulation layer, water-blocking powder is filled in the gap between the insulated cores to form a water-blocking layer 6, after the cabling, the insulated core is externally covered with a thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer to form an inner sheath 7, modified aramid fiber is sparsely woven on the outer surface of the inner sheath 7 to form an aramid fiber reinforced layer 8, and the aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 is externally covered with a thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer to form an outer sheath 9.

[0046] The conductor 1 adopts a 1350 system five-class softness aluminum alloy complex conductor; the insulation layer adopts a foaming type polyethylene material. The material of the outer sheath 9 is a thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer, and the thickness of the inner sheath 7 and the outer sheath 9 is controlled to be between 5-8 mm.

[0047] The aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 adopts a sparse weaving mode, and the weaving pitch is 60 mm. The surface modification step of the aramid fiber comprises the following steps: in a vacuum reaction kettle, the pressure is adjusted to 0.5 Torr, high-purity argon is introduced, the power is set to 200 W, the plasma is started, and the treatment is performed for 6 min.

[0048] The thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer is prepared through the following steps: The diisocyanate is heated to be molten as an A component, and nitrogen protection is performed during the heating; the polyether polyol, the chain extender and the antibacterial agent are mixed, heated and dispersed as a B component, and nitrogen protection is performed during the heating; the A component and the B component are mixed and extruded, and then cooled to obtain the thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer. The antibacterial agent is a silver-loaded carbon nanotube modified by a silane coupling agent.

[0049] The number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 2000, the polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol, the molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the polyether polyol is 3.1:1, the molar ratio of the chain extender to the polyether polyol is 1.2:1, the chain extender is 1,4-butanediol, the diisocyanate is 1,6-hexane diisocyanate, and the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 3% of the total amount of the B component.

[0050] The antibacterial agent is prepared through the following steps: The multi-walled carbon nanotubes are added into 3 mol / L nitric acid solution and heated to reflux. After the oxidation is completed, the acidified carbon nanotubes are separated by suction filtration, washed with deionized water, and dried. The amount ratio of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes to the 3 mol / L nitric acid solution is 500 mg:40 mL. The acidified carbon nanotubes are added into water, ultrasonically dispersed, and then the 0.1 mol / L silver nitrate solution is added and ultrasonically dispersed. The pH value is adjusted to 7, and the dispersion is continued to obtain the silver-loaded carbon nanotubes. The amount ratio of the acidified carbon nanotubes, water, and the silver nitrate solution is 400 mg:40 mL:20 mL. The silver-loaded carbon nanotubes are taken and added into 80% (by volume) ethanol aqueous solution, and then the γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is added and stirred for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, the product is washed with water and dried to obtain the antibacterial agent. The amount ratio of the silver-loaded carbon nanotubes, the ethanol aqueous solution, and the γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 0.2 g:50 mL:2.2 g.

[0051] Example 3 In this example, the material of the outer sheath 9 is different from that of Example 1, which is a thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer. The thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the following steps: The diisocyanate is heated to melt as the A component, and nitrogen is filled during the process. The polyether polyol, the chain extender, and the antibacterial agent are mixed and heated to disperse as the B component, and nitrogen is filled during the process. The A component and the B component are mixed and extruded, and then cooled to obtain the thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer. The antibacterial agent is the silver-loaded carbon nanotubes modified by the silane coupling agent.

[0052] The number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 2000, and the polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol. The molar ratio of the diisocyanate to the polyether polyol is 2.8:1. The molar ratio of the chain extender to the polyether polyol is 1.1:1. The chain extender is 1,4-butanediol, and the diisocyanate is 1,6-hexane diisocyanate. The addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 2.5% of the total amount of the B component.

[0053] The remaining raw materials and the preparation process are the same as those of Example 1.

[0054] Example 4 In this example, the material of the outer sheath 9 is different from that of Example 1, which is a thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer. The thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the following steps: The diisocyanate is heated to melt as the A component, and nitrogen is filled during the process. The polyether polyol, the chain extender, and the antibacterial agent are mixed and heated to disperse as the B component, and nitrogen is filled during the process. The A component and the B component are mixed and extruded, and then cooled to obtain the thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer. The antibacterial agent is the silver-loaded carbon nanotubes modified by the silane coupling agent.

[0055] The number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 2000, the polyether polyol is polytetrahydrofuran diol; the molar ratio of the diisocyanate and the polyether polyol is 3.1:1; the molar ratio of the chain extender and the polyether polyol is 1.2:1; the chain extender is 1,4-butanediol, and the diisocyanate is 1,6-hexane diisocyanate. The addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 3% of the total amount of the component B.

[0056] The remaining raw materials and preparation process remain the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Example 5 This example is compared with Example 1, the difference is that the preparation process of the antibacterial agent is different: The antibacterial agent is prepared by the following steps: The multi-walled carbon nanotubes are added to a 3 mol / L nitric acid solution and heated to reflux. After oxidation, the product is separated by suction filtration, washed with deionized water, and dried to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes. The amount ratio of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to 3 mol / L nitric acid solution is 500 mg:35 mL. The acidified carbon nanotubes are added to water, ultrasonically dispersed, and then 0.1 mol / L silver nitrate solution is added and ultrasonically dispersed. The pH value is adjusted to 7 and the dispersion is continued to obtain silver-loaded carbon nanotubes. The amount ratio of acidified carbon nanotubes, water, and silver nitrate solution is 400 mg:40 mL:20 mL. The silver-loaded carbon nanotubes are taken and added to an 80% ethanol aqueous solution, then γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is added and stirred for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, the product is washed with water and dried to obtain the antibacterial agent. The amount ratio of silver-loaded carbon nanotubes, ethanol aqueous solution, and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 0.2 g:50 mL:2.1 g.

[0058] The remaining raw materials and preparation process remain the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Example 6 This example is compared with Example 1, the difference is that the preparation process of the antibacterial agent is different: The antibacterial agent is prepared by the following steps: The multi-walled carbon nanotubes are added into 3 mol / L nitric acid solution and heated to reflux. After the oxidation is completed, the acidified carbon nanotubes are separated by suction filtration, washed with deionized water, and dried. The amount ratio of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes to the 3 mol / L nitric acid solution is 500 mg:40 mL. The acidified carbon nanotubes are added into water, ultrasonically dispersed, and then the 0.1 mol / L silver nitrate solution is added and ultrasonically dispersed. The pH value is adjusted to 7 and the dispersion is continued to obtain the silver-loaded carbon nanotubes. The amount ratio of the acidified carbon nanotubes, water, and the silver nitrate solution is 400 mg:40 mL:20 mL. The silver-loaded carbon nanotubes are taken and added into 80% (by volume) ethanol aqueous solution, and then the γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is added and stirred for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, the product is washed with water and dried to obtain the antibacterial agent. The amount ratio of the silver-loaded carbon nanotubes, the ethanol aqueous solution, and the γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 0.2 g:50 mL:2 g.

[0060] The remaining raw materials and preparation process are the same as those in Example 1.

[0061] Example 7 Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in that the preparation process of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 is different. The aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 adopts a sparse weaving mode with a weaving pitch of 45 mm. The surface modification step of the aramid fiber includes: adjusting the pressure to 0.1 Torr in a vacuum reaction kettle, introducing high-purity argon, setting the power to 200 W, starting the plasma, and processing for 5 min.

[0062] The remaining raw materials and preparation process are the same as those in Example 1.

[0063] Example 8 Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in that the preparation process of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 is different. The aramid fiber reinforced layer 8 adopts a sparse weaving mode with a weaving pitch of 50 mm. The surface modification step of the aramid fiber includes: adjusting the pressure to 0.1 Torr in a vacuum reaction kettle, introducing high-purity argon, setting the power to 200 W, starting the plasma, and processing for 6 min.

[0064] The remaining raw materials and preparation process are the same as those in Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in that the aramid fiber is not modified, and the remaining raw materials are the same as those in Example 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in that the antibacterial agent is not added, and the remaining raw materials are the same as those in Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 3 The comparative example is compared with example 1, the difference is that the aramid fiber is not modified, and no antibacterial agent is added, and the rest of the raw materials remain the same as example 1.

[0068] The outer sheath materials of examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-3 are immersed in pure water at 25°C for 7 days, the surface moisture is wiped off after taking out, and the sample weight is weighed before and after testing respectively to calculate the water absorption rate (%). And test whether the water pressure test of 30MPa transversely and 6MPa longitudinally leaks water for 2h. The results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0069] Test sample preparation: The thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer film in example 1 is extruded and hot pressed with the modified aramid fiber woven material in example 1 to form a sandwich structure with the modified aramid fiber woven material as the center. The total thickness is between 5-8mm, the hot pressing temperature is 180°C, and the hot pressing time is 10min. After hot pressing, the test sample is obtained by placing it at 120°C for 3h; according to the above method, the test samples corresponding to comparative examples 1-3 are prepared.

[0070] Antibacterial test: soak the solution (Bacillus seawater bacteria solution) and prepare it by first adapting the Bacillus (cultivate in seawater as a dissolving solution), then take the bacteria solution and inoculate it into sterilized seawater to dilute it to 10 6 CFU / mL. Soak the test sample in the Bacillus seawater bacteria solution for 72h, then test the peel strength of the modified aramid fiber woven material and the thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane elastomer film layer with an electronic universal testing machine. The results are shown in Table 2 below: Table 2

[0071] According to the test results, the interface bonding strength between the sheath material and the modified aramid fiber woven material is high, which can better cope with different use environments, and the inner and outer sheath structure is not easy to move, which can better protect the internal material.

[0072] It should be noted that in this article, relationship terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

[0073] While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soft and light cable for marine engineering, characterized in that: The sheath adopts a double-layer polyurethane structure, and modified aramid fiber is embedded between the inner and outer layers of polyurethane as a reinforcement layer. The modified aramid fiber is surface-modified to generate oxygen-containing polar groups on the surface of the aramid fiber, so that the modified aramid fiber forms a chemical bond with the polyurethane during the processing. The material of the sheath is thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer.

2. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface modification includes plasma activation: treating the aramid fiber with argon plasma in a vacuum environment to generate oxygen-containing polar groups on the surface of the aramid fiber.

3. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the following steps: Diisocyanate is heated until it is melted to form component A, and nitrogen is filled for protection during the process; polyether polyol, chain extender and antibacterial agent are mixed, heated and dispersed to form component B, and nitrogen is filled for protection during the process; components A and B are mixed and extruded, and cooled to obtain a thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomer; the antibacterial agent is silver-loaded carbon nanotubes modified with a silane coupling agent.

4. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 2000; The molar ratio of diisocyanate to polyether polyol is 2.5-3.1:1; The molar ratio of the chain extender to the polyether polyol is 1-1.2:1; The amount of antibacterial agent added is 2-3% of the total mass of component B.

5. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyether polyol is selected from at least one of polytetramethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol; The diisocyanate is selected from at least one of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate; The chain extender is selected from at least one of 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol.

6. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial agent is obtained by acidifying multi-walled carbon nanotubes, loading silver, and then treating them with a silane coupling agent, wherein the silane coupling agent is an aminosilane coupling agent.

7. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises an insulating core, wherein the insulating core comprises a conductor (1), a power line (2), a data line (3), a coaxial cable (4) and an optical fiber unit (5), wherein the conductor (1), the power line (2), the data line (3), the coaxial cable (4) and the optical fiber unit (5) are respectively coated with an insulating layer, and water-blocking powder is filled in the gaps between the insulating cores to form a water-blocking layer (6). After the insulating core is cabled, a thermoplastic polyether-type polyurethane elastomer is used to form an inner sheath (7), a modified aramid fiber is sparsely woven on the outer surface of the inner sheath (7) as an aramid fiber reinforcement layer (8), and a thermoplastic polyether-type polyurethane elastomer is used to coat the outer surface of the aramid fiber reinforcement layer (8) as an outer sheath (9).

8. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The aramid fiber reinforcement layer (8) adopts a sparse weaving pattern with a weaving pitch of 40-60 mm; the thickness of the inner sheath 7 and the outer sheath (9) is controlled between 5-8 mm.

9. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conductor (1) adopts a 1350 series five-category flexible aluminum alloy multi-twisted conductor, the 1350 series five-category flexible aluminum alloy multi-twisted conductor has a single wire diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm, a bundle twisted section diameter ratio of 16-22 times, and a multi-twisted section diameter ratio of 14-20 times. The tensile strength of the 1350 series aluminum alloy single wire is ≥150 MPa, the elongation is ≥15%, and the conductivity is ≥61% IACS. The micro-arc oxidation surface treatment technology is used to generate a 5-8 μm Al2O3 ceramic insulation layer on the surface of the 0.3-0.5 mm single wire.

10. A soft and light marine engineering cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulation layer is made of foamed polyethylene material. The foaming structure is controlled by ultra-critical physical foaming process. The pressure is maintained at 11-17 MPa and the temperature is controlled at 115-125 ° C. 0.5-1.2 wt% of nano boron nitride with a particle size of 50-80 nm is added as a nucleating agent. The density of the foamed polyethylene is 0.5-0.8 g / cm 3 , strength 11-16MPa, elongation at break 300%~600%, dielectric constant ≤2.3, dielectric loss tangent ≤0.0005.

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