Compact fuel cell bipolar plate and its application in new energy vehicle battery

Abstract

Compact fuel cell bipolar plate and its application in new energy vehicle battery, belong to the field of fuel cell bipolar plate structure, the technical key points are that the opening area of the anode plate is relatively arranged in the first direction of the bipolar plate, and the opening area of the cathode plate is relatively arranged in the first direction of the bipolar plate; The second side of the anode plate and the first side of the first membrane electrode are formed into a hydrogen side, the first side of the anode plate and the second side of the cathode plate are formed into a water side, and the first side of the cathode plate and the second side of the second membrane electrode are formed into an air side, for optimizing the flow distribution and mechanical support of hydrogen cavity, cavity and water cavity in limited space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fuel cell bipolar plate structure, specifically relating to fuel cell bipolar plate design for realizing the three-channel distribution of hydrogen cavity, air cavity and water cavity. Background Technology

[0002] The bipolar plate is one of the core components of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Primarily made of conductive materials, it functions to support the electrodes, conduct current, distribute reactant gases, expel generated water, and dissipate heat. Its structural design directly affects the fuel cell's performance, lifespan, and cost. Currently, the gas inlet of a bipolar plate is located along its length, while the water inlet is located along its width, separated by reinforcing ribs. This results in the bipolar plate being elongated in both length and width directions. Furthermore, although the water inlets on both sides of the width are separated by reinforcing ribs, the resulting space reduces the plate's strength. Fuel cells using bipolar plates are primarily used in new energy vehicles, which place even greater emphasis on compact size.

[0003] Placing the water inlet and air outlet along the length direction reduces the width dimension, achieving the required structural compactness. However, in existing bipolar structures, the distribution zone and flow field zone of the electrode plate are at roughly the same height. This means that having both the water inlet and air outlet along the length can obstruct water flow, hindering its passage through the flow field zone. Therefore, while achieving a compact structure, the water inlet and air outlet are placed along the length. The challenge lies in how to position the distribution zone and flow field zone in a way that ensures unobstructed flow of gas and water on both sides of the electrode plate. Furthermore, traditional bipolar plates often experience performance degradation in the distribution zone due to fluid cross-mixing, and insufficient support strength can easily lead to membrane electrode deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Existing technologies struggle to simultaneously optimize the flow channel distribution and mechanical support of the hydrogen cavity, air cavity, and water cavity within a limited space. According to some embodiments of this application, the fuel cell bipolar plate includes an anode plate and a cathode plate, wherein:

[0005] The opening areas of the anode plate are arranged opposite each other in the first direction of the electrode plate, and the opening areas of the cathode plate are arranged opposite each other in the first direction of the electrode plate;

[0006] The second side of the anode plate and the first side of the first membrane electrode are formed to form a hydrogen side, the first side of the anode plate and the second side of the cathode plate are formed to form a water side, and the first side of the cathode plate and the second side of the second membrane electrode are formed to form an air side.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the first side of the anode plate includes a plate surface area of ​​a first height surface, a distribution area of ​​a second height surface, and a flow field area of ​​a third height surface, wherein the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface.

[0008] The flow field region on the first side of the anode plate is provided with at least two water channels with a certain distance between them in the width direction.

[0009] The water channel is a recessed groove formed from the third height surface where the flow field area on the first side of the anode plate is located to the first height surface where the plate surface area on the first side of the anode plate is located; the water channel includes a channel wall and a bottom surface, and the bottom surface of the water channel is on the same plane as the first height surface where the plate surface area on the first side of the anode plate is located, so that the water channel has a first depth.

[0010] The interface between the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate and the flow field area on the first side of the anode plate has a certain height difference. A water inlet is provided on the connecting surface on the first side of the anode plate, and the water inlet on the first side of the anode plate connects the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate and the water channel of the flow field area on the first side of the anode plate.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the spacing between adjacent water channels on the first side of the anode plate is consistent.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the second side of the anode plate includes a plate surface region of a third height surface, a distribution region of a second height surface, and a flow field region of a first height surface; wherein the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface;

[0013] The bottom surface of the water channel in the flow field region on the first side of the anode plate is on the same plane as the third height surface of the plate surface region on the second side of the anode plate.

[0014] The two water channels in the flow field region on the first side of the anode plate are formed into two convex ridges on the back side of the second side of the anode plate, and the flow field region on the first height surface of the second side of the anode plate is formed into an air channel with a first depth. The flow field region on the first height surface of the second side of the anode plate is the bottom surface of the air channel.

[0015] The interface between the distribution area and the flow field area on the second side of the anode plate has a certain height difference.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate is provided with reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing ribs are groove-shaped, and the top of the groove is a circular platform;

[0017] The reinforcing ribs include a first reinforcing rib and a second reinforcing rib, wherein:

[0018] The first reinforcing rib protrudes toward the first side of the anode plate, and the circular platform surface is higher than the third height surface of the first side of the anode plate;

[0019] The second reinforcing rib protrudes toward the second side of the anode plate, and the circular platform surface is located at the third height surface of the second side of the anode plate.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, along the width direction of the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are arranged alternately in columns.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the second side of the cathode plate includes a plate surface region of a third height surface, a distribution region of a second height surface, a flow field region of a third height surface, and a first virtual height surface; wherein the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first virtual height surface;

[0022] The flow field region on the second side of the cathode plate is provided with at least two water channels with a certain distance between them in the width direction.

[0023] The water channel on the second side of the cathode plate is a groove formed by recessing from the third height of the flow field region on the second side of the cathode plate toward the first virtual height surface on the second side of the cathode plate. The water channel includes a channel wall and a bottom surface. The bottom surface of the water channel is on the same plane as the first virtual height surface on the second side of the cathode plate, so that the water channel has a first depth.

[0024] The interface between the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate and the flow field area on the second side of the cathode plate has a certain height difference. A water inlet is provided at the interface on the second side of the cathode plate, and the water inlet on the second side of the cathode plate connects the water inlet distribution area and the water channel of the flow field area on the second side of the cathode plate.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the spacing between adjacent water channels on the second side of the cathode plate is consistent.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the first side of the cathode plate includes a plate surface area of ​​a first height surface, a distribution area of ​​a second height surface, a flow field area of ​​the first height surface, and a third virtual height surface; wherein the third virtual height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface;

[0027] The bottom surface of the water channel in the flow field region on the second side of the cathode plate is on the same plane as the third virtual height surface on the first side of the cathode plate.

[0028] The two water channels in the flow field region on the second side of the cathode plate are formed into two convex ridges on the back side of the first side of the cathode plate, and the flow field region on the first height surface of the first side of the cathode plate is formed into an air channel with a first depth. The flow field region on the first height surface of the first side of the cathode plate is the bottom surface of the air channel.

[0029] The interface between the distribution area on the first side of the cathode plate and the flow field area on the first side of the cathode plate has a certain height difference.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate is provided with reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing ribs are groove-shaped and the top of the groove is a circular platform;

[0031] The reinforcing rib includes a second reinforcing rib, which protrudes toward the first side of the cathode plate, and the circular platform surface is located at the third virtual height surface on the first side of the cathode plate.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, second reinforcing ribs are arranged in columns along the width direction of the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate;

[0033] The position of the second reinforcing rib of the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate corresponds to the position of the first reinforcing rib of the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate; the first reinforcing rib of the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate protrudes towards the first side of the anode plate, and its circular platform surface is higher than the third height surface of the first side of the anode plate and abuts against the surface of the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the fuel cell bipolar plate of this application, the plate surface area of ​​the third height surface of the second side of the anode plate, the bottom surface of the water channel on the third height surface of the second side of the anode plate, and the circular platform surface of the second reinforcing rib on the third height surface of the second side of the anode plate are connected to the first membrane electrode to form the hydrogen side.

[0035] The first side of the anode plate is connected to the second side of the cathode plate through a frame area. The circular platform surface of the first reinforcing rib of the distribution area of ​​the second height surface of the first side of the anode plate abuts against the distribution area of ​​the second height surface of the second side of the cathode plate. The flow field area of ​​the third height surface of the first side of the anode plate is connected to the flow field area of ​​the third height surface of the second side of the cathode plate to form a water side.

[0036] The plate surface area of ​​the third height surface on the first side of the cathode plate, the bottom surface of the water channel on the third virtual height surface on the first side of the cathode plate, and the circular platform surface of the second reinforcing rib on the third virtual height surface on the first side of the cathode plate are connected to the second film electrode to form an air side.

[0037] The application of fuel cell bipolar plates in new energy vehicle batteries according to some embodiments of this application.

[0038] Beneficial effects:

[0039] Firstly, this invention achieves both a compact structure and smooth fluid flow. By placing both the water inlet and the gas inlet along the length of the electrode plate, compared to the existing technology where the water inlet and gas inlet are located in different directions, the width dimension of the bipolar plate is effectively reduced, meeting the high requirements for structural compactness in applications such as new energy vehicles. Simultaneously, its achievement is based on the design of different height surfaces in the distribution area and flow field area of ​​the anode and cathode plates. For example, the first side flow field area of ​​the anode plate is the third height surface, the distribution area is the second height surface, and the plate surface area is the first height surface. Furthermore, the water channel is formed by a concave shape from the third height surface of the flow field area to the first height surface, with its bottom surface flush with the first height surface of the plate surface area. This ensures that when the gas inlet and water inlet are both located along the length, water is smoothly guided from the distribution area to the flow field area while avoiding water flow blockage. It also provides a channel for gas flow, achieving a reasonable distribution and smooth flow of hydrogen, air, and coolant in the three channels of the hydrogen cavity, air cavity, and water cavity.

[0040] Secondly, this invention ensures uniform fluid distribution and reduces resistance. The combination of the cathode and anode plates forms a three-chamber system (hydrogen chamber, air chamber, and water chamber), providing flow channels for each of the three fluids. The specific height difference between the distribution zone and the flow field zone, combined with structures such as water channels and gas channels, makes the fluid distribution more uniform during flow within each chamber, effectively reducing the resistance of fluid flow in the distribution zone, reducing energy loss, and improving the working efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0041] In terms of third-party aspects, this invention enhances mechanical support and stability, with the reinforcing ribs in the anode and cathode plate distribution areas playing a crucial role. The anode plate reinforcing ribs have a concave-convex shape and opposite directions. The hydrogen cavity-side reinforcing ribs support the anode-side frame of the membrane electrode distribution area, preventing frame deformation and blockage of the gas flow channel due to the pressure difference between the anode and cathode. The water cavity-side reinforcing ribs are height-matched to the water cavity side of the cathode plate, providing good support in conjunction with the cathode plate. The cathode plate reinforcing ribs are oriented in the same direction and equidistantly distributed, supporting the cathode-side frame of the membrane electrode distribution area. Simultaneously, the reinforcing ribs at corresponding positions on the anode and cathode plates cooperate to ensure sufficient support for the frame of the single-cell membrane electrode distribution area between the anode and cathode fluid distribution areas, preventing the frame from collapsing in any direction. This significantly enhances the overall mechanical strength and stability of the bipolar plates, avoids membrane electrode deformation, and extends the fuel cell's lifespan.

[0042] Fourthly, this invention improves sealing and safety. The precise alignment of the anode and cathode plates at different heights, along with the stabilizing effect of the reinforcing ribs during support, ensures excellent sealing between different areas of the bipolar plates, effectively preventing leakage of hydrogen, air, and coolant. This not only enhances the safety of the fuel cell, avoiding safety hazards such as fires and explosions caused by gas leaks, but also ensures stable concentration and pressure of reactant gases inside the battery, maintaining stable fuel cell operation and reducing performance degradation caused by leaks. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bipolar plate mating relationship.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the anode plate on the water side.

[0045] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hydrogen side of the anode plate.

[0047] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cathode plate on the water side.

[0049] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram.

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the air side of the cathode plate.

[0051] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A partial schematic diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the bipolar plate arrangement, used to explain the distribution of the bipolar plates and membrane electrode assembly. A bipolar plate for a fuel cell unit according to the present invention includes an anode plate and a cathode plate.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in this invention, the first side of the anode plate and the second side of the cathode plate are fitted together to form a water side, and the second side of the anode plate and the first side of the first membrane electrode are fitted together to form a hydrogen side.

[0054] like Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the anode plate is divided into different zones along its length, including a first opening zone, a first distribution zone, a flow field zone, a second distribution zone, and a second opening zone. The first opening zone includes a hydrogen inlet outlet, an air inlet, and a water inlet, and the anode plate blocks the air inlet, allowing air to pass through the plate but not enter the distribution zone and the flow field zone. The second opening zone includes a hydrogen inlet outlet, an air outlet, and a water outlet, and the anode plate blocks the air outlet. No opening zone is provided in the width direction.

[0055] like Figure 2-3 As shown, taking the water side on the right and the hydrogen side on the left as an example, the first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate includes a plate surface region 110 with a first height surface, a first distribution region 121 with a second height surface, a flow field region 130 with a third height surface, and a second distribution region 122 with a second height surface. The first height surface has a first height of protrusion, the second height surface has a second height of protrusion, and the third height surface has a third height of protrusion. It can be understood that height refers to the height on that side, that is, the protrusion height on that side (such as the protrusion height on the first side, the protrusion height on the second side), defined as the vertical distance to the surface of that region. In this invention, the plate surface region includes the plate surface region surrounding the distribution region and the flow field region.

[0056] like Figure 2-3 As shown, on the first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate, the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface, so that there is a first height difference between the distribution area and the flow field area, and a second height difference between the distribution area and the plate surface area.

[0057] like Figure 2-3As shown, on the first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate, at least two water channels 131 with a certain spacing are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the flow field region 130. The water channels 131 are located between the first distribution area and the second distribution area in the flow field region. In the height direction, the water channel 131 is a recessed groove formed from the third height surface of the flow field region 130 toward the first height surface of the plate surface region 110. The water channel includes a channel wall 1311 and a bottom surface 1312. The bottom surface 1312 of the water channel is on the same plane as the first height surface of the plate surface region 110, so that the water channel 131 has a first depth, which is the depth between the third height surface and the first height surface. The two water channels 131 (upper-opening grooves) are separated by the flow field region 130 of the third height surface. Preferably, the spacing between adjacent water channels 131 is consistent, which can further improve the uniformity of water flow in the flow field region 130.

[0058] like Figure 2-3 As shown, in the first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate, the distribution area 120 and the flow field area 130 are set at different heights. The interface 140 between the distribution area 120 and the flow field area 130 is a connecting surface with a certain height, which is a vertical surface or an inclined surface. One side of the interface 140 is connected to the distribution area 120 at the second height, and the other side is connected to the flow field area 130 at the third height. The interface 140 is provided with a water inlet 141 to connect the water channel 131 of the distribution area 120 and the flow field area 130.

[0059] From the above, such as Figure 2-3 As shown, the depth of the water channel 131 is the depth between the first height surface and the third height surface, that is, the bottom surface 1311 of the water channel 131 is basically flush with the plate surface area 110 of the first height surface. The distribution area 120 of the second height surface, which is located between the flow field area 130 of the third height surface and the plate surface area 110 of the first height surface, is higher than the bottom surface 1311 of the water channel 131 located on the first height surface. On this side, the water inlet 141 of the interface 140 between the distribution area 120 and the flow field area 130 is realized, which can guide the water inlet of the distribution area 120 with a lower height position to the flow field area 130 with a higher height position, that is, introduce it into the recessed water channel 131 in the flow field area 130.

[0060] like Figure 2-3As shown, in the first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate, the distribution area 120 is provided with reinforcing ribs 150. The reinforcing ribs are groove-shaped, with a circular platform at the top. The reinforcing ribs 150 include a first reinforcing rib 151 and a second reinforcing rib 152. The first reinforcing rib 151 is on the side of the anode plate (water side), protruding towards that side, i.e., protruding from the distribution area 120 towards the water side. This can be understood as a protrusion in the direction from the second side to the first side. The circular platform surface extends beyond the third height surface of that side, and the height exceeding it is the height difference between the distribution area 320 and the flow field area 330. The second reinforcing rib is on the side of the anode plate, protruding towards the opposite side (hydrogen side). The circular platform surface is located at the third height surface of the plate surface area 110 on the opposite side (second side). Along the width direction of the distribution area 120, the first reinforcing ribs 151 and the second reinforcing ribs 152 are arranged alternately in columns, with a certain interval between the two columns. The reinforcing ribs 150 are arranged in alternating and uniform columns such that the distance between any two adjacent first reinforcing ribs 151 is the same, the distance between any two adjacent second reinforcing ribs 152 is the same, and the distance between any two adjacent first reinforcing ribs 151 and second reinforcing ribs 152 is the same.

[0061] Taking a water side on the right and a hydrogen side on the left as an example, the second side (left side, hydrogen side) of the anode plate and the first side (right side) are two sides with opposite area height settings, such as... Figure 2-3 As shown, the first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate includes a plate surface region 110 of a first height surface, a first distribution region 121 of a second height surface, a flow field region 130 of a third height surface, and a second distribution region 122 of a second height surface. Then, as... Figure 3 As shown, the second side (left side, hydrogen side) of the anode plate includes a plate surface region 210 of the third height surface, a first distribution region 221 of the second height surface, a flow field region 230 of the first height surface, and a second distribution region 222 of the second height surface.

[0062] It is understandable that, such as Figure 2-3 and Figure 4-5 As shown, on the right side (water side), the first, second, and third height surfaces essentially create a protrusion on the anode plate from left to right, with the third height surface having the largest protrusion height. The first height surface has the smallest protrusion height and can be considered a reference surface. Similarly, on the left side (hydrogen side), the first, second, and third height surfaces essentially create a protrusion on the anode plate from right to left, with the third height surface having the largest protrusion height and the first height surface having the smallest.

[0063] like Figure 4-5As shown, on the second side (left side, hydrogen side) of the anode plate, the first height surface has a first height of protrusion, the second height surface has a second height of protrusion, and the third height surface has a third height of protrusion. It can be understood that "height" refers to the height of that side, i.e., the protrusion height on that side.

[0064] like Figure 4-5 As shown, on the second side (left side, hydrogen side) of the anode plate, the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface, so that there is a first height difference between the distribution area and the flow field area, and a second height difference between the distribution area and the plate surface area.

[0065] like Figure 2-3 and Figure 4-5 As shown, it can be seen that the plate surface region 110 on the first side is located on the first height plane, and the plate surface region 210 on the second side is located on the third height plane. The flow field region 130 on the first side is located on the third height plane, and the flow field region 230 on the second side is located on the first height plane. That is, for the first side of the anode plate, the flow field region 130 has the longest height on the first side, which is equivalent to the most convex protrusion. The distribution region 120 is next. The plate surface region 110 has the shortest height on the first side and the flattest protrusion, which can be understood as a reference plane. For the second side of the anode plate, the flow field region 230 has the shortest height on the second side and the flattest protrusion, which can be understood as a reference plane. The distribution region 220 is next. The plate surface region 210 has the longest protrusion height on the second side, which is equivalent to the longest protrusion.

[0066] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the bottom surface 1312 of the water channel 131 in the flow field region 130 on the first side of the anode plate is on the same plane as the third height surface of the plate surface region 210 on the second side (left side, hydrogen side) of the anode plate. The bottom surface 1312 of the water channel 131 is higher than the distribution region 220 of the second height surface and the flow field region 230 of the first height surface. The two water channels 130 in the flow field region 130 on the first side of the anode plate are formed between the ridges on the back side of the second side of the anode plate and the flow field region 230 of the first height surface of the anode plate (as the bottom surface) to form a gas channel 132 with a first depth. The flow field region 230 of the first height surface is the bottom surface 1321 of the gas channel, and the first depth is the depth between the third height surface and the first height surface. The protrusions (upper closed surface protrusions) of the two water channels 130 space the flow field region 230 of the first height surface to form a gas channel. It is understandable that the protrusion of the water tank channel 130 refers to the shape of the back of the water tank.

[0067] like Figure 4-5As shown, on the second side (left side, hydrogen side) of the anode plate, the distribution area 220 and the flow field area 230 are set at different heights. The interface 240 between the distribution area 220 and the flow field area 230 is a connecting surface with a certain height, which is a vertical surface or an inclined surface. One side of the interface 240 is connected to the distribution area 220 at the second height, and the other side is connected to the flow field area 230 at the third height.

[0068] From the above, such as Figure 4-5 As shown, on the second side (left side, hydrogen side) of the anode plate, the two water channels 130 on the back of the flow field region 230 on the second side of the anode plate are formed with the flow field region 230 of the first height surface to form a gas channel 132 with a first depth. The flow field region of the first height surface is the bottom surface 1321 of the gas channel. The distribution region 220 of the second height surface, which is located between the flow field region 230 of the first height surface and the plate surface region 210 of the third height surface, is higher than the bottom surface 1321 of the gas channel of the flow field region 230 of the first height surface. By means of the height difference, the distribution region 220 with a higher height position on this side guides the gas to the flow field region 230 with a lower height position, that is, the gas channel 132.

[0069] The preferred arrangement of adjacent water channels 131 with consistent spacing can further improve the uniformity of water flow in the flow field region 130. The formation of air channels 132 based on the water channels 131 can also improve the airflow uniformity in the flow field region 230.

[0070] The objective of this invention is to eliminate the need for openings (inlets and outlets for gas and water) along the width of the electrode plate, instead providing opposing openings only along the length. However, if the distribution area on one side of the electrode plate is higher than the flow field area, the distribution area on the other side must be lower. Simply providing opposing openings along the length cannot ensure the simultaneous and smooth flow of gas and water on both sides. In this invention, the distribution area 220 on the second side is higher than the flow field area 230, allowing gas to flow from the higher distribution area 220 to the lower flow field area 230. However, this resulted in the distribution area 120 on the first side being lower than the flow field area 130, making it difficult for water to flow smoothly from the distribution area 120 to the flow field area 130. This invention addresses this by using water channels 131 to lower the height of the water channel on the first side relative to the distribution area 120, allowing water to flow smoothly from the lower distribution area 120 to the higher flow field area 130. This enables simultaneous and smooth flow of air and water on both sides of the electrode plate. Furthermore, the multiple spaced water channels 131 ensure uniform water flow within the flow field area 130, thanks to the reinforcing ribs in the distribution area which evenly distribute the water flow into the water channels. Additionally, on the second side of the electrode plate, the water channels 131 serve as the walls of the air channels 132, and their even distribution also guides the airflow and ensures uniform flow within the flow field area 230. Moreover, the water channels 131 also provide support to the membrane electrode on the opposite side of their respective sides.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, in this invention, the second side of the cathode plate and the first side of the anode plate are fitted together to form a water side, and the first side of the cathode plate and the second side of the second membrane electrode are fitted together to form an air side.

[0072] like Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the cathode plate is divided into different sections along its length, including a first opening section, a first distribution section, a flow field section, a second distribution section, and a second opening section. The first opening section includes a hydrogen inlet, an air outlet, and a water inlet, and the anode plate blocks the hydrogen inlet, allowing hydrogen to pass through the plate but not enter the distribution section and the flow field section. The second opening section includes a hydrogen outlet, an air outlet, and a water outlet, and the anode plate blocks the hydrogen outlet. No opening section is provided in the width direction.

[0073] Taking the water side on the left and the air side on the right as an example. Figure 6-7 As shown, the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate includes a plate surface region 310 of a third height surface, a first distribution region 321 of the second height surface, a flow field region 330 of the third height surface, and a second distribution region 322 of the second height surface. It also includes a first virtual height surface, which has a virtual protrusion height of a first height; the second height surface has a protrusion height of a second height; and the third height surface has a protrusion height of a third height. It can be understood that "height" refers to the height on that side, i.e., the protrusion height on that side.

[0074] like Figure 6-7 As shown, on the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate, the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first virtual height surface, so that there is a first height difference between the distribution area 320 and the plate surface area 310 and the flow field area 330, and there is a virtual second height difference between the distribution area 320 and the first virtual height surface.

[0075] like Figure 6-7As shown, on the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate, at least two water channels 331 with a certain spacing are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the flow field region 330. The water channels 331 are located between the first distribution area and the second distribution area in the flow field region. In the height direction, the water channel 331 is a recessed groove formed from the third height surface of the flow field region 330 toward the second height surface of the distribution area 320. The water channel includes a channel wall 3311 and a bottom surface 3312. The bottom surface 3312 of the water channel is lower than the second height surface of the distribution area 320 and is on the same plane as the first virtual height surface, so that the water channel 331 has a first depth. The first depth can be the depth between the third height surface and the first virtual height surface. The two water channels 331 (upper-opening grooves) are separated by the flow field region 330 of the third height surface. Preferably, the spacing between adjacent water channels 331 is consistent, which can further improve the uniformity of water flow in the flow field region 330.

[0076] The first virtual height surface is a height surface lower than the second height surface where the plate surface region 310 is located. The first virtual height surface has a virtual protrusion height of a first height, the second height surface has a protrusion height of a second height, and the third height surface has a protrusion height of a third height. The second height surface is higher than the first virtual height surface, and there is a virtual second height difference between the allocation region 320 and the first virtual height surface. For example... Figure 6-7 As shown, on the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate, the distribution area 320 and the flow field area 330 are set at different heights. The interface 340 between the distribution area 320 and the flow field area 330 is a connecting surface with a certain height, which is a vertical surface or an inclined surface. One side of the interface 340 is connected to the distribution area 320 at the second height, and the other side is connected to the flow field area 330 at the third height. The interface 340 is provided with a water inlet 341 to connect the water channel 331 of the distribution area 320 and the flow field area 330.

[0077] From the above, such as Figure 6-7 As shown, the depth of the channel 331 is the depth between the first virtual height surface and the third height surface, that is, the bottom surface 3312 of the channel 331 is basically flush with the first virtual height surface. The distribution area 320 of the second height surface, which is located between the flow field area 330 and the plate area 310 of the third height surface, is higher than the bottom surface 3312 of the channel 331 located on the first virtual height surface. On this side, the water outlet 341 at the interface 340 of the distribution area 320 and the flow field area 330 can guide the water in the distribution area 320, which has a lower height position, to the channel 331 of the flow field area 330, which has a higher height position.

[0078] like Figure 6-7As shown, in the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate, the distribution area 320 is provided with reinforcing ribs 350. The reinforcing ribs 350 are groove-shaped, with a circular platform at the top. Each reinforcing rib 350 includes a second reinforcing rib 352, which protrudes from the side of the cathode plate towards the opposite side (air side). The circular platform surface is located at a third virtual height surface on the opposite side (which is the first virtual height surface on this side). Along the width of the distribution area 320, the second reinforcing ribs 352 are arranged in columns with a certain interval between columns. The reinforcing ribs 350 are evenly arranged in columns so that the distance between any two adjacent second reinforcing ribs 352 is the same.

[0079] The first reinforcing rib 151 on the first side of the anode plate, as described above, protrudes towards the side where the anode plate is located (water side). The circular platform surface of the first reinforcing rib 151 is longer than the third height surface of the flow field region 130 on the side where the anode plate is located, exceeding the height difference between the distribution region 320 and the flow field region 330 on the first side of the cathode plate. The position of the second reinforcing rib 352 on the second side of the cathode plate in the cathode plate distribution region 320 corresponds to the position of the second reinforcing rib 152 on the first side of the anode plate in the anode plate distribution region 120. This allows the first reinforcing rib 151 on the first side of the anode plate to abut against the non-reinforcing rib position on the plane of the distribution region 320 on the second side of the cathode plate, increasing the support strength of the distribution region and thus avoiding the second reinforcing rib 352. The purpose is that if the second reinforcing rib 352 abuts against the distribution region 320 on the second side of the cathode plate, since the second reinforcing rib 352 is a groove shape with a hollow interior, the supporting effect of the reinforcing rib on the two distribution regions 220 / 320 will be reduced.

[0080] Taking the water side on the left and the air side on the right as an example, the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate and the first side (right side) are two sides with opposite area height settings, such as... Figure 6-7 As shown, the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate includes a plate surface region 310 of the third height surface, a first distribution region 321 of the second height surface, a flow field region 330 of the third height surface, a second distribution region 322 of the second height surface, and a first virtual height surface. Then, as... Figure 8-9 As shown, the first side (right side, air side) of the cathode plate includes a plate surface region 410 of a first height surface, a first distribution region 421 of a second height surface, a flow field region 430 of the first height surface, and a second distribution region 422 of the second height surface. It also includes a third virtual height surface, which has a virtual protrusion height of a third height. The three regions do not reach this virtual height surface.

[0081] like Figure 6-7 and Figure 8-9As shown, for the water side on the left, the first, second, and third virtual height surfaces can be understood as creating a protrusion or virtual protrusion on the cathode plate from right to left, with the third virtual height surface having the largest protrusion height. The first height surface has the smallest protrusion height and can be considered a reference surface. Similarly, for the air side on the right, the first, second, and third virtual height surfaces can be understood as creating a protrusion or virtual protrusion on the cathode plate from left to right, with the third virtual height surface having the largest virtual protrusion height. The first height surface has the smallest protrusion height and can be considered a reference surface.

[0082] like Figure 8-9 As shown, on the first side (right side, air side) of the cathode plate, a first height surface has a first height of protrusion, a second height surface has a second height of protrusion, and a third virtual height surface has a third height of virtual protrusion. It can be understood that "height" refers to the height on that side, i.e., the protrusion height on that side.

[0083] like Figure 8-9 As shown, on the first side (right side, air side) of the cathode plate, the third virtual height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface, so that the distribution area 420 has a first height difference with the plate surface area 410 and the flow field area 430 respectively, and the distribution area 420 has a second height difference with the virtual third height surface.

[0084] Therefore, it can be concluded that, Figure 6-7 and Figure 8-9 As shown, the first side plate surface region 310 is located on the first height surface, and the second side plate surface region 410 is located on the third height surface. The first side distribution region 420 is located on the second height surface, and the second side distribution region 320 is located on the second height surface. The first side flow field region 430 is located on the first height surface, and the second side flow field region 330 is located on the third height surface. That is, for the first side of the cathode plate, the virtual third height surface has the longest virtual height and the most convex virtual protrusion on the first side. The distribution region 420 has the longest actual height on the first side, which is equivalent to the most convex protrusion. The flow field region 430 and the plate surface region 410 have the shortest actual height and the flattest protrusion on the first side, which can be understood as a reference surface. For the second side of the cathode plate, the plate surface region 310 and the flow field region 330 have the longest actual protrusion height on the second side, which is equivalent to the most convex protrusion. The distribution region 420 has the shortest actual protrusion height on the second side, which is equivalent to the flattest protrusion. The virtual first height surface has the shortest virtual height and the flattest virtual protrusion on the second side, which can be understood as a reference surface.

[0085] like Figure 8-9As shown, the bottom surface 3312 of the water channel 331 in the flow field region 330 on the second side of the cathode plate is on the first side (right side, air side) of the cathode plate, and is on the same plane as the virtual third height surface of the first side (right side, air side) of the cathode plate. It can be understood that the height of the channel wall 3311 of the water channel 331 exceeds the second height surface where the distribution area 420 is located. Preferably, the bottom surface 3312 of the water channel can be on the same plane as the third virtual height surface. The bottom surface 3312 of the water channel 331 is higher than the second height surface where the distribution area 420 is located and the first height surface where the flow field region 430 is located. The two water channels 331 in the flow field region 330 on the second side of the cathode plate are formed between the ridges on the back side of the first side of the cathode plate and the flow field region 430 (as the bottom surface) of the first height surface of the first side of the cathode plate to form an air channel 332 with a first depth. The flow field region 430 of the first height surface is the bottom surface 3321 of the air channel, and the first depth is the depth between the third virtual height surface and the first height surface. The protrusions (upper closed surface protrusions) of the two water channels 331 divide the flow field region 430 of the first height surface into air channels. It can be understood that the protrusions of the water channels 331 refer to the shape of the back of the water channels.

[0086] like Figure 8-9 As shown, in the first side (right side, air side) of the cathode plate, the distribution area 430 and the flow field area 420 are set at different heights. The interface 440 between the distribution area 420 and the flow field area 430 is a connecting surface with a certain height, which is a vertical surface or an inclined surface. One side of the interface 440 is connected to the distribution area 420 at the second height, and the other side is connected to the flow field area 430 at the first height.

[0087] From the above, such as Figure 8-9 As shown, on the first side (right side, air side) of the cathode plate, the two water channels 331 on the back of the convex ridges of the flow field region 330 on the second side of the cathode plate are formed with the flow field region 430 on the first height surface of the first side of the cathode plate to form an air channel 332 with a first depth. The flow field region 430 on the first height surface is the bottom surface 3321 of the air channel. The distribution region 420 on the second height surface is higher than the bottom surface 3321 of the air channel in the flow field region 430 on the first height surface. By means of the height difference, the distribution region 420 with a higher height position on this side is able to guide the gas to the flow field region 430 with a lower height position, that is, the air channel 332.

[0088] The preferred arrangement of adjacent water channels 331 with consistent spacing can further improve the uniformity of water flow in the flow field region 330. The formation of air channels 332 based on the water channels 331 can also improve the airflow uniformity in the flow field region 430.

[0089] The objective of this invention is to eliminate the need for openings (gas and water inlets / outlets) in the width direction of the electrode plate, instead providing opposing openings only in the length direction. However, if the distribution area on one side of the electrode plate is higher than the flow field area, the distribution area on the other side must be lower. Simply providing opposing openings in the length direction cannot ensure the simultaneous and smooth flow of gas and water on both sides. In this invention, the distribution area 420 on the first side is higher than the flow field area 430, allowing gas to flow from the higher distribution area 420 to the lower flow field area 430. However, this resulted in the distribution area 320 on the second side being lower than the flow field area 330, making it difficult for water to flow smoothly from the distribution area 320 to the flow field area 330. This invention addresses this by using water channels 331 to lower the height of the water channel on the second side relative to the distribution area 320, allowing water to flow smoothly from the lower distribution area 320 to the higher flow field area 330. This enables simultaneous and smooth flow of air and water on both sides of the electrode plate. Furthermore, the multiple spaced water channels 331 ensure uniform water flow within the flow field area 330, thanks to the reinforcing ribs in the distribution area that evenly distribute the water flow into the water channels. Additionally, on the first side of the electrode plate, the water channels 331 serve as the walls of the air channels 332, and their even distribution also guides the airflow and ensures uniform flow within the flow field area 430. Moreover, the water channels 331 also provide support to the membrane electrode on the opposite side.

[0090] Among them, the plate surface area 210 of the third height surface of the second side (left side, hydrogen side) of the anode plate, the bottom surface 1312 of the water channel 131 on the third height surface, and the circular platform surface of the second reinforcing rib 152 on the third height surface are connected to the first membrane electrode to form the hydrogen side.

[0091] The first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate and the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate are connected by a frame area. The circular platform surface of the first reinforcing rib 151 of the distribution area 220 of the second height surface of the first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate abuts against the distribution area 320 of the second height surface of the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate. The flow field area 130 of the third height surface of the first side (right side, water side) of the anode plate is connected to the flow field area 330 of the third height surface of the second side (left side, water side) of the cathode plate to form the water side. This can be understood as two semi-open water channels interlocking.

[0092] Among them, the plate surface area 410 of the third height surface of the first side (right side, air side) of the cathode plate, the bottom surface 3312 of the water channel 331 in the third virtual height surface, and the circular platform surface of the second reinforcing rib 352 in the virtual third height surface are connected to the second film electrode to form the air side.

[0093] The bipolar plate of a fuel cell unit of the present invention includes an anode plate and a cathode plate. Each bipolar plate includes a fluid inlet region, a fluid outlet region, a distribution region, a flow field region, and a sealing region. The inlet / outlet regions have corresponding water inlets / outlets, hydrogen inlets / outlets, and air inlets / outlets. The present invention solves the problem of air, hydrogen, and water simultaneously passing through the fluid distribution region in three chambers by providing a fluid distribution region structure.

[0094] The height space formed by the bipolar plate distribution area is fixed, which is the sum of the heights of the grooves in the plate flow field area. Therefore, the design of the bipolar plate distribution area needs to divide the sum of the heights of the grooves in the plate flow field area into three parts, respectively providing channels for the flow of fluid in the hydrogen cavity, the air cavity, and the water cavity.

[0095] For the distribution area of ​​the electrode plate, it is necessary to ensure the uniformity of fluid distribution during the flow of fluid in the chamber, and also to reduce the resistance of fluid flow in the distribution area. The electrode plate distribution area also needs to play a supporting role, supporting the frame of the membrane electrode distribution area of ​​the fuel cell cell, and preventing the frame of the membrane electrode distribution area from being deformed due to the pressure difference between the hydrogen and air chambers.

[0096] A fuel cell's single-cell bipolar plate consists of an anode plate and a cathode plate. The anode and cathode plate distribution areas work together to form the distribution area of ​​the entire single-cell bipolar plate. Both the anode and cathode plates are formed by stamping metal materials such as stainless steel and titanium using molds.

[0097] The fluid distribution area of ​​the anode plate consists of a hydrogen cavity and a water cavity on either side. Viewed from the water cavity side, the overall groove depth of the anode plate distribution area is designed to be greater than the groove depth of the anode plate flow field area; that is, when viewed from the water cavity side, the distribution area is lower than the flow field area. Under this condition, water cannot flow from the distribution area into the flow field area.

[0098] The present invention sets a groove in the flow field region with a depth greater than that in the distribution region for water channels. Although the distribution region is lower than the flow field region, the groove in the distribution region is higher than that in the flow field region, so that the water in the distribution region can be guided to the groove in the flow field region.

[0099] Because the overall groove depth of the anode plate distribution area is designed to be greater than the groove depth of the anode plate flow field area when projected from the water cavity side, meaning the distribution area is lower than the flow field area when projected from the water cavity side. Conversely, when projected from the hydrogen cavity side, the overall groove depth of the anode plate distribution area is less than the groove depth of the anode plate flow field area, meaning the distribution area is higher than the flow field area when projected from the hydrogen cavity side. This height difference can be set between Y = 0.1 and 0.2 mm. The fluid channel formed by this height difference is the channel for hydrogen flow in the anode hydrogen cavity; that is, on the hydrogen side, hydrogen can flow to the flow field area due to this height difference.

[0100] Thus, a height difference is formed between the hydrogen side of the anode plate distribution area and the bottom of the flow field area, and an XY height difference is formed between the water side of the anode plate distribution area and the groove ridge of the flow field area, where X is the groove depth of the flow field area. The fluid channel formed by this height difference is the water flow channel of the water cavity, and the two water flow channels form a gas channel on the hydrogen side. The bottom surface of the fluid distribution area of ​​the anode plate forms the cross-section of the fluid flow channel in the hydrogen cavity and water cavity of the anode plate between the two parallel planes of the groove ridge and the bottom of the flow field area.

[0101] The cathode plate fluid distribution area consists of a cavity and a water cavity on either side. Viewed from the water cavity side, the overall groove depth of the cathode plate distribution area is designed to be greater than the groove depth of the cathode plate flow field area; that is, when viewed from the water cavity side, the distribution area is lower than the flow field area. Under this condition, water cannot flow from the distribution area into the flow field area.

[0102] The present invention sets a groove in the flow field region with a depth greater than that in the distribution region for water channels. Although the distribution region is lower than the flow field region, the groove in the distribution region is higher than that in the flow field region, so that the water in the distribution region can be guided to the groove in the flow field region.

[0103] Because the overall groove depth of the cathode plate distribution area is designed to be greater than the groove depth of the cathode plate flow field area when viewed from the water cavity side, the distribution area is lower than the flow field area when viewed from the cavity side. Conversely, when viewed from the cavity side, the overall groove depth of the cathode plate distribution area is less than the groove depth of the cathode plate flow field area, meaning the distribution area is higher than the flow field area when viewed from the cavity side. This height difference can be set between Y = 0.1 and 0.2 mm. The fluid channel formed by this height difference is the channel for hydrogen flow in the anode hydrogen cavity; that is, on the air side, air can flow to the flow field area due to this height difference.

[0104] Thus, a height difference is formed between the air side of the cathode plate distribution area and the bottom of the flow field area, and a height difference of XY is formed between the water side of the anode plate distribution area and the groove ridge of the flow field area, where X is the groove depth of the flow field area. The fluid channel formed by this height difference is the water flow channel of the water cavity, and an air passage is formed between the two water flow channels on the air side. The bottom surface of the cathode plate fluid distribution area forms the cross-section of the fluid flow channel in the cathode plate cavity and the water cavity between the two parallel planes of the groove ridge and the bottom of the flow field area.

[0105] The fluid distribution area of ​​the anode plate is designed with supporting reinforcing ribs. These ribs are dot-shaped stamped structures with a circular platform at the top of the rib groove. The ribs have a concave-convex shape, meaning the direction of the gas-side reinforcing ribs in the anode hydrogen cavity is opposite to that of the water-side reinforcing ribs on the anode plate. The height of the gas-side reinforcing ribs in the anode plate hydrogen cavity is the same as the plane height of the anode plate. Their function is to support the anode side frame of the membrane electrode distribution area and prevent the frame from deforming and blocking the gas flow channel due to the pressure difference between the anode and cathode, thereby increasing resistance.

[0106] The height of the reinforcing ribs on the anode plate's water cavity side is higher than the plane of the anode plate's water cavity side flow channel area. This height difference is equal to the depth of the recessed area on the cathode plate's fluid distribution area. In other words, the top plane of the reinforcing rib groove on the anode plate's water cavity side must contact the bottom surface of the recessed area on the cathode plate's fluid distribution area of ​​the assembled single-cell bipolar plate, ensuring dimensional matching. The positions of the concave and convex reinforcing ribs on the anode plate's fluid distribution area are designed equidistantly based on the shape of the plate's distribution area. Viewed from the anode plate's gas side, the recessed reinforcing ribs (water-side reinforcing ribs) are evenly distributed among the raised reinforcing ribs (hydrogen cavity gas-side reinforcing ribs), ensuring that the distance between each raised reinforcing rib, the distance between each raised and recessed reinforcing rib, and the distance between each recessed reinforcing rib are all consistent. This effectively provides support while ensuring uniform fluid distribution within both chambers.

[0107] The cathode plate fluid distribution area is designed with supporting reinforcing ribs. The reinforcing ribs are dot-shaped stamped structures with a circular platform at the top of the rib groove. All reinforcing ribs face the same direction, i.e., towards the cavity side. The height of the gas-side reinforcing ribs in the cathode plate cavity is consistent with the height of the cathode plate plane. Their function is to support the cathode side frame of the film electrode distribution area and prevent the frame from deforming and blocking the gas flow channel due to the pressure difference between the anode and cathode, thereby increasing resistance.

[0108] The position of the reinforcing ribs on the fluid distribution area of ​​the cathode plate is designed based on the equidistant shape of the fluid distribution area. The fluid distribution area of ​​the cathode plate only has reinforcing ribs facing the air side, and the gap between the reinforcing ribs is the plane of the fluid distribution area. When assembling the anode and cathode plates, the reinforcing ribs on the side of the fluid distribution area of ​​the anode plate facing the water cavity cooperate with the plane of the fluid distribution area of ​​the cathode plate facing the water cavity to provide support for the water cavity.

[0109] The reinforcing ribs of the anode fluid distribution area facing the hydrogen cavity gas side correspond in position and size to the reinforcing ribs of the cathode fluid distribution area facing the air cavity gas side, ensuring that the frame of the single cell film electrode distribution area provides sufficient support between the anode and cathode fluid distribution areas and preventing the frame from collapsing in either direction.

[0110] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0111] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0112] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0113] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0114] In this invention, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one" refers to one or more; "at least one of A and B," similar to "A and / or B," describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, at least one of A and B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone.

[0115] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0116] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell bipolar plate, comprising an anode plate and a cathode plate, characterized in that, in: The opening area of ​​the anode plate is arranged opposite to the opening area in the length direction of the plate, and no opening area is provided in the width direction; the opening area of ​​the cathode plate is arranged opposite to the opening area in the length direction of the plate, and no opening area is provided in the width direction. The second side of the anode plate and the first side of the first membrane electrode are formed to form a hydrogen side, the first side of the anode plate and the second side of the cathode plate are formed to form a water side, and the first side of the cathode plate and the second side of the second membrane electrode are formed to form an air side. The first side of the anode plate includes a plate surface area of ​​a first height surface, a distribution area of ​​a second height surface, and a flow field area of ​​a third height surface, wherein the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface. The flow field region on the first side of the anode plate is provided with at least two water channels with a certain distance between them in the width direction. The water channel is a recessed groove formed from the third height surface where the flow field area on the first side of the anode plate is located to the first height surface where the plate surface area on the first side of the anode plate is located; the water channel includes a channel wall and a bottom surface, and the bottom surface of the water channel is on the same plane as the first height surface where the plate surface area on the first side of the anode plate is located, so that the water channel has a first depth. The interface between the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate and the flow field area on the first side of the anode plate has a certain height difference. A water inlet is provided at the interface on the first side of the anode plate, and the water inlet on the first side of the anode plate connects the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate and the water channel of the flow field area on the first side of the anode plate. The second side of the anode plate includes a plate surface area of ​​a third height surface, a distribution area of ​​a second height surface, and a flow field area of ​​a first height surface; wherein the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface. The bottom surface of the water channel in the flow field region on the first side of the anode plate is on the same plane as the third height surface of the plate surface region on the second side of the anode plate. The two water channels in the flow field region on the first side of the anode plate are formed into air channels with a first depth on the two back ridges on the second side of the anode plate and the flow field region on the first height surface of the second side of the anode plate. The flow field region on the first height surface of the second side of the anode plate is the bottom surface of the air channels. The interface between the distribution area and the flow field area on the second side of the anode plate has a certain height difference; The anode plate has a distribution area on the first side with reinforcing ribs, which are groove-shaped with a circular platform at the top. The reinforcing ribs include a first reinforcing rib and a second reinforcing rib, wherein: The first reinforcing rib protrudes toward the first side of the anode plate, and the circular platform surface is higher than the third height surface of the first side of the anode plate; The second reinforcing rib protrudes toward the second side of the anode plate, and the circular platform surface is located at the third height surface of the second side of the anode plate.

2. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between adjacent water channels on the first side of the anode plate is consistent.

3. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the width direction of the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are arranged alternately in columns.

4. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, in, The second side of the cathode plate includes a plate surface area of ​​a third height surface, a distribution area of ​​the second height surface, a flow field area of ​​the third height surface, and a first virtual height surface; wherein the third height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first virtual height surface; The flow field region on the second side of the cathode plate is provided with at least two water channels with a certain distance between them in the width direction. The water channel on the second side of the cathode plate is a groove formed by recessing from the third height of the flow field region on the second side of the cathode plate toward the first virtual height surface on the second side of the cathode plate. The water channel includes a channel wall and a bottom surface. The bottom surface of the water channel is on the same plane as the first virtual height surface on the second side of the cathode plate, so that the water channel has a first depth. The interface between the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate and the flow field area on the second side of the cathode plate has a certain height difference. A water inlet is provided at the interface on the second side of the cathode plate. The water inlet on the second side of the cathode plate connects the water inlet distribution area and the water channel of the flow field area on the second side of the cathode plate. The first side of the cathode plate includes a plate surface area of ​​a first height surface, a distribution area of ​​a second height surface, a flow field area of ​​the first height surface, and a third virtual height surface; wherein the third virtual height surface is higher than the second height surface, and the second height surface is higher than the first height surface; The bottom surface of the water channel in the flow field region on the second side of the cathode plate is on the same plane as the third virtual height surface on the first side of the cathode plate. The two water channels in the flow field region on the second side of the cathode plate are formed into two convex ridges on the back side of the first side of the cathode plate, and the flow field region on the first height surface of the first side of the cathode plate is formed into an air channel with a first depth. The flow field region on the first height surface of the first side of the cathode plate is the bottom surface of the air channel. The interface between the distribution area on the first side of the cathode plate and the flow field area on the first side of the cathode plate has a certain height difference; The cathode plate has a distribution area on the second side with reinforcing ribs, which are groove-shaped with a circular platform at the top. The reinforcing rib includes a second reinforcing rib, which protrudes toward the first side of the cathode plate, and the circular platform surface is located at the third virtual height surface on the first side of the cathode plate.

5. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spacing between adjacent water channels on the second side of the cathode plate is consistent.

6. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, in, Along the width direction of the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate, the second reinforcing ribs are arranged in columns.

7. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, in, The position of the second reinforcing rib of the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate corresponds to the position of the first reinforcing rib of the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate; the first reinforcing rib of the distribution area on the first side of the anode plate protrudes towards the first side of the anode plate, and its circular platform surface is higher than the third height surface of the first side of the anode plate and abuts against the surface of the distribution area on the second side of the cathode plate.

8. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, in, The plate surface area of ​​the third height surface on the second side of the anode plate, the bottom surface of the water channel on the third height surface on the second side of the anode plate, and the circular platform surface of the second reinforcing rib on the third height surface on the second side of the anode plate are connected to the first membrane electrode to form the hydrogen side. The first side of the anode plate is connected to the second side of the cathode plate through a frame area. The circular platform surface of the first reinforcing rib of the distribution area of ​​the second height surface of the first side of the anode plate abuts against the distribution area of ​​the second height surface of the second side of the cathode plate. The flow field area of ​​the third height surface of the first side of the anode plate is connected to the flow field area of ​​the third height surface of the second side of the cathode plate to form a water side. The plate surface area of ​​the third height surface on the first side of the cathode plate, the bottom surface of the water channel on the third virtual height surface on the first side of the cathode plate, and the circular platform surface of the second reinforcing rib on the third virtual height surface on the first side of the cathode plate are connected to the second film electrode to form an air side.

9. The application of any one of the fuel cell bipolar plates according to claims 1-8 in new energy vehicle batteries.

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