Fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell system and a vehicle, the fuel cell system comprises a main path, a first branch, a second branch, a controller and a power battery, the main path comprises an air filter, a first air compressor, an electric pile, a second air compressor and a silencer, an inlet of the second air compressor is connected with a pipeline between the first air compressor and the air filter, and an outlet of the electric pile is connected with a pipeline between the first air compressor and the air filter; an outlet of the second air compressor is connected with a pipeline between the first air compressor and the electric pile; the first end of the first branch is connected with a pipeline between the second air compressor and the electric pile, and the second end of the first branch is connected with a pipeline between the second air compressor and the silencer; the first end of the second branch is connected with a pipeline between the first air compressor and the electric pile, and the second end of the second branch is connected with a pipeline between the second air compressor and the electric pile; the controller is connected with the first air compressor and the second air compressor. And the power battery is connected with the controller. According to the fuel cell system, the first air compressor and the second air compressor are coordinated and matched, so that the energy utilization rate is increased, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cell, in particular to a fuel cell system and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy directly, which has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanliness and quietness, and plays an important role in the development of new energy vehicles. The fuel cell system generally includes a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system. The air supply system mainly pressurizes air through an air compressor to improve the air supply efficiency. However, the high-pressure gas directly discharged will cause energy waste, so a corresponding device is needed to recover energy.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to meet the needs of high power of the vehicle, the fuel cell system of the vehicle needs to use a high-power air compressor with an expander for energy recovery, that is, the high-pressure gas output by the air compressor is discharged through the expander to rotate the impeller to convert the energy of the high-pressure gas into electrical energy.

[0004] However, in the above fuel cell system, the high-power air compressor consumes a lot of energy, and when the fuel cell needs to operate at low power, the gas flow discharged is small, which is not enough to drive the impeller of the expander to rotate, resulting in the energy of the high-pressure gas being wasted, so the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system is low. SUMMARY

[0005] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a fuel cell system to solve the problem of low energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system in the prior art; the second purpose is to provide a vehicle.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A fuel cell system, comprising:

[0008] The main line comprises an air filter, a first air compressor, an electric pile, a second air compressor and a muffler which are sequentially connected by pipelines, wherein the operating power of the first air compressor is greater than that of the second air compressor, the inlet of the second air compressor is also connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor and the air filter in an on-off manner, the outlet of the second air compressor is also connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor and the electric pile in an on-off manner; a first branch line, the first end of the first branch line is connected to the pipeline between the second air compressor and the electric pile in an on-off manner, and the second end of the first branch line is connected to the pipeline between the second air compressor and the muffler in an on-off manner; a second branch line, the first end of the second branch line is connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor and the electric pile in an on-off manner, and the second end of the second branch line is connected to the pipeline between the second air compressor and the electric pile in an on-off manner; a controller connected to the first air compressor and the second air compressor respectively; and a power battery connected to the controller.

[0009] According to the above technical means, when the vehicle is normally driven, the power demand of the fuel cell system is low, at this time the first air compressor is closed, the second air compressor is started, the air enters the second air compressor through the air filter, forms high pressure gas after being compressed by the second air compressor, and then enters the electric pile to provide sufficient air for the electric pile, and the high pressure gas discharged from the electric pile can directly enter the muffler through the first branch line to be discharged due to the small gas flow in the low power state. When the vehicle needs to be driven at high speed, the power demand of the fuel cell system is high, at this time the second air compressor is closed, the first air compressor is started, the air enters the first air compressor through the air filter, forms high pressure gas after being compressed by the first air compressor, and then enters the electric pile, and the high pressure gas discharged from the electric pile can drive the impeller in the second air compressor to rotate to generate electricity, and finally be discharged from the muffler. The electric energy generated in the second air compressor is rectified by the controller and then charged to the power battery, and the power battery can supply power to the first air compressor and the second air compressor. Therefore, when the power demand of the fuel cell system is low, only the second air compressor with low power is started to make the fuel cell system run at low power, and when the power demand of the fuel cell system is high, the first air compressor with high power is started, and the high pressure gas discharged from the electric pile is recovered by the second air compressor to convert its energy into electric energy to supply power to the power battery. In this way, the first air compressor and the second air compressor cooperate to meet the power demand of the vehicle in different intervals, and the energy loss is reduced as much as possible, which is conducive to improving the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system.

[0010] In addition, since water vapor is generated in the stack during the operation of the fuel cell, the water vapor is carried out of the stack by the high-pressure gas into the pipeline, and after the fuel cell system stops running, some water vapor may be left in the pipeline, and ice may be formed in the pipeline in a low-temperature environment, which may cause damage to the fuel cell system. Therefore, the second branch is provided, and before the fuel cell system stops running, the second air compressor controls the gas to flow through the air filter, the second air compressor, the second branch, the first branch and the muffler in sequence to purge the pipeline, which is beneficial to keeping the pipeline dry, thereby improving the service life of the fuel cell system.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the main path further includes: a first three-way valve arranged between the air filter and the first air compressor, the first three-way valve having a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, wherein the first inlet is in communication with the air filter, the first outlet is in communication with the inlet of the first air compressor, and the second outlet is in communication with the inlet of the second air compressor; and / or a second three-way valve arranged between the first air compressor and the stack, the second three-way valve having a second inlet, a third inlet and a third outlet, wherein the second inlet is in communication with the outlet of the first air compressor, and the third outlet is in communication with the inlet of the stack; and / or a third three-way valve arranged between the second air compressor and the stack, the third three-way valve having a fourth inlet, a fourth outlet and a fifth outlet, wherein the fourth inlet is in communication with the outlet of the stack, the fourth outlet is in communication with the inlet of the second air compressor, and the fifth outlet is in communication with the pipeline between the outlet of the second air compressor and the muffler; and / or a fourth three-way valve arranged between the second air compressor and the muffler, the fourth three-way valve having a fifth inlet, a sixth outlet and a seventh outlet, wherein the fifth inlet is in communication with the outlet of the second air compressor, the sixth outlet is in communication with the third inlet of the second three-way valve, and the seventh outlet is in communication with the muffler.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the main path further includes: a first three-way pipe connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor and the stack, and in communication with the first end of the second branch; a second three-way pipe connected to the pipeline between the fourth inlet of the third three-way valve and the stack, and in communication with the second end of the second branch; a third three-way pipe connected to the pipeline between the third outlet of the third three-way valve and the inlet of the second air compressor, and in communication with the second outlet of the first three-way valve; and a fourth three-way pipe connected to the pipeline between the seventh outlet of the fourth three-way valve and the muffler, and in communication with the fourth outlet of the third three-way valve through the second branch.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the fuel cell system further comprises a middle cooler, which is arranged on a pipeline between the second three-way valve and the first end of the second branch.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the fuel cell system further comprises a water separator, which is arranged between the second end of the second branch and the third three-way valve.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the second branch further comprises a first control valve, which is arranged to control the opening and closing of the second branch.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the main pipeline further comprises a second control valve arranged on a pipeline between the first end of the second branch and the inlet of the stack, and a third control valve arranged on a pipeline between the second end of the second branch and the outlet of the stack, wherein the second control valve and the third control valve operate independently.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the fuel cell system further comprises a flow meter arranged on a pipeline between the first end of the second branch and the stack.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the fuel cell system further comprises a pressure detection device arranged on a pipeline between the first end of the second branch and the stack, and / or a temperature detection device arranged on a pipeline between the first end of the second branch and the stack.

[0019] A vehicle comprising the fuel cell system according to any one of the above.

[0020] Advantages of the present application:

[0021] (1) The first air compressor and the second air compressor of the fuel cell system of the present application are coordinated to start one of the first air compressor and the second air compressor according to the power requirement of the vehicle, which can meet different use requirements of the vehicle and reduce the energy consumption at low power requirement, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system.

[0022] (2) When the first air compressor of the fuel cell system of the present application operates, the gas discharged by the stack can drive the second air compressor to generate electricity, thereby realizing energy recycling and further improving the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system and reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of the fuel cell system provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0024] Explanation of reference signs:

[0025] 100 - fuel cell system

[0026] 110-main road; 111-air filter; 112-first air compressor; 113-accumulator; 114-second air compressor; 115-silencer; 116-first three-way valve; 1161-first inlet; 1162-first outlet; 1163-second outlet; 117-second three-way valve; 1171-second inlet; 1172-third inlet; 1173-third outlet; 118-third three-way valve; 1181-fourth inlet; 1182-fourth outlet; 1183-fifth outlet; 119-fourth three-way valve; 1191-fifth inlet; 1192-sixth outlet; 1193-seventh outlet; 101-first three-way pipe; 102-second three-way pipe; 103-third three-way pipe; 104-fourth three-way pipe; 105-second control valve; 106-third control valve;

[0027] 120-first branch;

[0028] 130-second branch; 131-first control valve;

[0029] 140-controller;

[0030] 150-power battery;

[0031] 160-intercooler;

[0032] 170-water distributor;

[0033] 180-flow meter;

[0034] 190-pressure detection device;

[0035] 191-temperature detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. In the following description, like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the description. The following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments in accordance with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples in accordance with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0037] To solve the technical problems in the background art, the embodiment of the application provides a fuel cell system. When a vehicle normally runs, the power demand of the fuel cell system is low, at this time, the first air compressor is closed, the second air compressor is started, air enters the second air compressor through the air filter, is compressed by the second air compressor to form high-pressure gas, and then enters the stack to provide sufficient air for the stack. After being discharged from the stack, the gas can be directly discharged into the muffler through the first branch due to the small gas flow in the low-power state. When the vehicle needs to run at high speed, the power demand of the fuel cell system is high, at this time, the second air compressor is closed, the first air compressor is started, air enters the first air compressor through the air filter, is compressed by the first air compressor to form high-pressure gas, and then enters the stack. In the high-power state, the gas flow generated by the first air compressor is large, so that the high-pressure gas discharged from the stack can drive the impeller in the second air compressor to rotate to generate electricity, and finally be discharged from the muffler. The electric energy generated in the second air compressor is rectified by the controller and then charges the power battery, and the power battery can supply power to the first air compressor and the second air compressor. Therefore, when the power demand of the vehicle for the fuel cell system is low, only the second air compressor with low power needs to be started to make the fuel cell system run at low power. When the power demand of the fuel cell system is high, the first air compressor with high power is started, and the high-pressure gas discharged from the stack is recovered through the second air compressor to convert its energy into electric energy to supply power to the power battery. In this way, the first air compressor and the second air compressor coordinate and cooperate to meet the power demand of the vehicle in different intervals, minimize the damage of energy, and improve the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system.

[0038] The technical solutions of the application and how the technical solutions solve the above technical problems will be described in detail in specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes can not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of the application will be described below with reference to the drawings:

[0039] It should be noted that the fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to various different vehicles.

[0040] Reference is made to Figure 1As shown, the fuel cell system 100 of the embodiment of the present application comprises a main path 110, a first branch path 120, a second branch path 130, a controller 140 and a power battery 150. The main path 110 comprises, in sequence, an air filter 111, a first air compressor 112, a stack 113, a second air compressor 114 and a muffler 115, wherein the operating power of the first air compressor 112 is greater than that of the second air compressor 114, the inlet of the second air compressor 114 is also connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor 112 and the air filter 111 in an on-off manner, and the outlet of the second air compressor 114 is also connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor 112 and the stack 113 in an on-off manner; the first end of the first branch path 120 is connected to the pipeline between the second air compressor 114 and the stack 113 in an on-off manner, and the second end of the first branch path 120 is connected to the pipeline between the second air compressor 114 and the muffler 115 in an on-off manner; the first end of the second branch path 130 is connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor 112 and the stack 113 in an on-off manner, and the second end of the second branch path 130 is connected to the pipeline between the second air compressor 114 and the stack 113 in an on-off manner; the controller 140 is connected to the first air compressor 112 and the second air compressor 114 respectively; and the power battery 150 is connected to the controller 140.

[0041] It can be understood that if only the second air compressor 114 is provided, the power of the second air compressor 114 is low, which is difficult to meet the high power demand of the vehicle in a high-speed driving state, and if only the first air compressor 112 is provided, the power of the first air compressor 112 is high, which will consume a large amount of energy even when the vehicle is in a low-speed driving state and the power demand is low, and the high-pressure gas generated by the first air compressor 112 is difficult to be recycled, resulting in a low energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system 100 as a whole. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides the first air compressor 112 and the second air compressor 114 to operate coordinately, and selects the first air compressor 112 or the second air compressor 114 to work according to different demands of the vehicle, which can not only meet the high power demand of the vehicle, but also reduce the energy loss in a low power state, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system 100.

[0042] It should be noted that the second air compressor 114 can be provided with two pressurizing components and a power generation component. The pressurizing component can compress low-pressure air into high-pressure air, and the power generation component has an impeller, and the airflow drives the impeller to rotate to generate electricity and deliver the electric energy.

[0043] Specifically, when the vehicle is running normally, the power demand of the fuel cell system 100 is low, at this time the fuel cell system 100 enters the first working state, at this time the controller 140 controls the first air compressor 112 to be closed and the second air compressor 114 to be started, the air enters the second air compressor 114 through the air filter 111, and after being compressed by the second air compressor 114 to form high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters the stack 113 to provide sufficient air for the stack 113, and after being discharged from the stack 113, due to the small gas flow under the low-power state, the gas can be directly discharged into the muffler 115 through the first branch 120.

[0044] When the vehicle needs to run at high speed or needs higher power under other conditions, at this time the fuel cell system 100 enters the second working state, the power demand of the fuel cell system 100 is high, at this time the controller 140 controls the second air compressor 114 to be closed and the first air compressor 112 to be started, the air enters the first air compressor 112 through the air filter 111, and after being compressed by the first air compressor 112 to form high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters the stack 113, under the high-power state, the gas flow generated by the first air compressor 112 is large, therefore the high-pressure gas discharged from the stack 113 can pass through the second air compressor 114 to drive the impeller in the second air compressor 114 to generate electricity, and finally discharged from the muffler 115, the electric energy generated in the second air compressor 114 is rectified by the controller 140 to charge the power battery 150, and the power battery 150 can supply power to the first air compressor 112 and the second air compressor 114.

[0045] Therefore, when the power demand of the vehicle to the fuel cell system 100 is low, only the second air compressor 114 with low power needs to be started to make the fuel cell system 100 run at low power, and when the power demand of the fuel cell system 100 is high, the first air compressor 112 with high power is started, and the high-pressure gas discharged from the stack 113 is recovered by the second air compressor 114 to convert its energy into electric energy to supply the power battery 150, so that the first air compressor 112 and the second air compressor 114 coordinate and switch between the first working state and the second working state to meet the power demand of the vehicle in different intervals, thereby reducing the energy loss as much as possible, which is conducive to improving the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell system 100. And when the vehicle runs in an environment with low air pressure such as high altitude, starting the first air compressor 112 with high power may cause surging phenomenon, therefore the second air compressor 114 with low power can be started to slow down the surging phenomenon, and it is also conducive to ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell system 100.

[0046] In addition, since water vapor is generated in the stack 113 during the operation of the fuel cell, the water vapor is carried out of the stack 113 by the high-pressure gas into the pipeline, and after the fuel cell system 100 stops running, some water vapor may be left in the pipeline, and the freezing of the pipeline in a low-temperature environment may cause damage to the fuel cell system 100. Therefore, the second branch 130 is arranged, and before the fuel cell system 100 stops running, the fuel cell system 100 enters the third working state, and the second air compressor 114 controls the gas to flow through the air filter 111, the second air compressor 114, the second branch 130, the first branch 120 and the muffler 115 in sequence, so as to purge the pipeline, which is beneficial to keeping the pipeline dry, thereby improving the service life of the fuel cell system 100.

[0047] Further, the fuel cell system 100 of the embodiment of the application can further include a storage battery connected with the controller 140, and when the power generation assembly of the second air compressor 114 generates electricity, the controller 140 can control the second air compressor 114 to deliver part of the electric energy to the storage battery to store the electric energy. When the vehicle starts in a low-temperature environment, the power battery 150 may have a problem of being difficult to start due to too low temperature, at this time, the controller 140 can control the storage battery to supply power to the second air compressor 114 or the first air compressor 112, so that the fuel cell system 100 starts running, and after the fuel cell system 100 runs, the temperature rises to the operating temperature of the power battery 150, and then the power supply is switched to the power battery 150 to supply power to the first air compressor 112 or the second air compressor 114, which is beneficial to ensuring the normal start of the vehicle in a low-temperature environment and improving the driving experience of the vehicle.

[0048] In some implementable manners, referring to FIG. 1, Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the main pipeline 110 of the embodiment of the application further includes a first three-way valve 116, a second three-way valve 117, a third three-way valve 118 and a fourth three-way valve 119. The first three-way valve 116 is arranged between the air filter 111 and the first air compressor 112, and has a first inlet 1161, a first outlet 1162 and a second outlet 1163. The first inlet 1161 is in communication with the air filter 111, the first outlet 1162 is in communication with the inlet of the first air compressor 112, and the second outlet 1163 is in communication with the inlet of the second air compressor 114. The second three-way valve 117 is arranged between the first air compressor 112 and the stack 113, and has a second inlet 1171, a third inlet 1172 and a third outlet 1173. The second inlet 1171 is in communication with the outlet of the first air compressor 112, and the third outlet 1173 is in communication with the inlet of the stack 113. The third three-way valve 118 is arranged between the second air compressor 114 and the stack 113, and has a fourth inlet 1181, a fourth outlet 1182 and a fifth outlet 1183. The fourth inlet 1181 is in communication with the outlet of the second air compressor 114, the fourth outlet 1182 is in communication with the outlet of the stack 113, and the fifth outlet 1183 is in communication with the muffler 115. The fourth three-way valve 119 is arranged between the first air compressor 112 and the second air compressor 114, and has a sixth inlet 1191, a seventh inlet 1192 and a sixth outlet 1193. The sixth inlet 1191 is in communication with the outlet of the first air compressor 112, the seventh inlet 1192 is in communication with the inlet of the second air compressor 114, and the sixth outlet 1193 is in communication with the muffler 115.

[0049] 1181、fourth inlet 1181 communicates with the outlet of the stack 113, the fourth outlet 1182 communicates with the inlet of the second air compressor 114, and the fifth outlet 1183 communicates with the pipeline between the outlet of the second air compressor 114 and the muffler 115; a fourth three-way valve 119 is arranged between the second air compressor 114 and the muffler 115, and the fourth three-way valve 119 has a fifth inlet 1191, a sixth outlet 1192 and a seventh outlet 1193, wherein the fifth inlet 1191 communicates with the outlet of the second air compressor 114, the sixth outlet 1192 communicates with the third inlet 1172 of the second three-way valve 117, and the seventh outlet 1193 communicates with the muffler 115.

[0050] In addition, the main branch 110 further comprises a first three-way pipe 101, a second three-way pipe 102, a third three-way pipe 103 and a fourth three-way pipe 104, the first three-way pipe 101 is connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor 112 and the stack 113, and communicates with the first end of the second branch 130; the second three-way pipe 102 is connected to the pipeline between the fourth inlet 1181 of the third three-way valve 118 and the stack 113, and communicates with the second end of the second branch 130; the third three-way pipe 103 is connected to the pipeline between the third outlet 1173 of the third three-way valve 118 and the inlet of the second air compressor 114, and communicates with the second outlet 1163 of the first three-way valve 116; the fourth three-way pipe 104 is connected to the pipeline between the seventh outlet 1193 of the fourth three-way valve 119 and the muffler 115, and communicates with the fourth outlet 1182 of the third three-way valve 118 through the first branch 120.

[0051] In the implementation, when the fuel cell system 100 enters the second working state, the first air compressor 112 is started, the second air compressor 114 is closed, the second outlet 1163 of the first three-way valve 116, the third inlet 1172 of the second three-way valve 117 and the fifth outlet 1183 of the third three-way valve 118 are closed, at this time, the air enters the first air compressor 112 through the air filter 111, the first inlet 1161 and the first outlet 1162 of the first three-way valve 116 in sequence, the first air compressor 112 compresses the air into high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters the stack 113 through the second inlet 1171 and the third outlet 1173 of the second three-way valve 117 and the first three-way pipe 101 in sequence, after the high-pressure gas is fully reacted in the stack 113, the remaining gas is discharged from the stack 113, enters the second air compressor 114 through the second three-way pipe 102, the fourth inlet 1181 and the fourth outlet 1182 of the third three-way valve 118 and the third three-way pipe 103 in sequence, drives the impeller of the power generation assembly in the second air compressor 114 to rotate, thereby converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, and finally the remaining gas is discharged from the outlet of the second air compressor 114 and then discharged through the fifth inlet 1191 and the seventh outlet 1193 of the fourth three-way valve 119, the fourth three-way pipe 104 and the muffler 115.

[0052] When the fuel cell system 100 enters the first working state, the second air compressor 114 is started, the second air compressor 114 is closed, the first outlet 1162 of the first three-way valve 116, the second inlet 1171 of the second three-way valve 117, the fourth outlet 1182 of the third three-way valve 118 and the seventh outlet 1193 of the fourth three-way valve 119 are closed, at this time, the air enters the second air compressor 114 through the air filter 111, the first inlet 1161 and the second outlet 1163 of the first three-way valve 116 and the third three-way pipe 103, the high-pressure gas generated by the second air compressor 114 enters the stack 113 through the fifth inlet 1191 and the sixth outlet 1192 of the fourth three-way valve 119, the third inlet 1172 and the third outlet 1173 of the second three-way valve 117 and the first three-way pipe 101 in sequence, after the gas discharged from the stack 113 is fully reacted, the gas is discharged through the second three-way pipe 102, the fourth inlet 1181 and the third outlet 1173 of the third three-way valve 118 and the fourth three-way pipe 104 and finally the muffler 115.

[0053] When the fuel cell system 100 enters the third working state, the flow path of the gas is partially the same as that in the first working state, the difference between the two is that, in the third working state, after the gas enters the first three-way pipe 101, it no longer passes through the stack 113, but directly flows from the first three-way pipe 101 to the second three-way pipe 102, so as to purge the second three-way pipe 102 and the pipes thereafter, keep the fuel cell system 100 dry, and thereby prolong the service life of the fuel cell system 100.

[0054] In some possible implementation manners, referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the second branch 130 of the embodiment of the application is further provided with a first control valve 131, which is used to control the on-off of the second branch 130.

[0055] In addition, the main branch 110 further includes a second control valve 105 and a third control valve 106, the second control valve 105 is arranged on a pipeline between the first end of the second branch 130 and the inlet of the stack 113, and the third control valve 106 is arranged on a pipeline between the second end of the second branch 130 and the outlet of the stack 113; the second control valve 105 and the third control valve 106 work independently of each other.

[0056] Therefore, the switching between the first working state and the third working state of the fuel cell system 100 can be realized by means of the first control valve 131, the second control valve 105 and the third control valve 106, specifically, in the first working state and the second working state, the first control valve 131 is closed, and the second control valve 105 and the third control valve 106 are opened, so as to ensure that all the high-pressure gas enters the stack 113 and provides sufficient air for the stack 113, and in the third working state, the first control valve 131 is opened, and the second control valve 105 and the third control valve 106 are closed, so as to prevent the gas from continuing to take the water vapor in the stack 113 out, and at the same time take the water vapor in the pipeline out, so as to keep the pipeline of the fuel cell system 100 dry.

[0057] In some possible implementation manners, referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the application further includes a intercooler 160, which is arranged on a pipeline between the second three-way valve 117 and the first end of the second branch 130.

[0058] It can be understood that when the air is compressed into high-pressure gas by the first air compressor 112 or the second air compressor 114, the temperature of the gas will also be increased, and the excessively high temperature will affect the performance of the stack 113, therefore, the intercooler 160 needs to be arranged, which can cool the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and reduce the temperature of the gas before the gas is introduced into the stack 113, so that the stack 113 works in a suitable temperature range, which is beneficial to ensure that the fuel cell system 100 operates safely and stably, and prolong the service life of the fuel cell system 100.

[0059] In some possible implementation manners, referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the application further includes a water segregator 170, which is arranged between the second end of the second branch 130 and the third three-way valve 118.

[0060] In a specific implementation, the water separator 170 is mainly responsible for separating and discharging water generated in the reaction process of the stack 113, preventing water from accumulating inside the fuel cell system 100, avoiding problems such as hindering gas diffusion, reducing the performance of the proton exchange membrane, and corroding the electrode due to the accumulation of water, ensuring a dry environment and smooth transmission of gas inside the fuel cell system 100, and thus improving the performance and life of the fuel cell, and ensuring the stable operation of the entire fuel cell system 100.

[0061] In some implementable manners, referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present application further includes a flow meter 180, which is arranged on the pipeline between the first end of the second branch 130 and the stack 113.

[0062] In some embodiments, the flow meter 180 can accurately measure the gas flow entering the fuel cell, providing key data for accurate control of the fuel cell system 100. By monitoring the gas flow in real time, the flow meter 180 ensures that the fuel cell system 100 has an appropriate amount of gas flow under different working conditions, and at the same time, the stack 113 obtains an appropriate amount of fuel and oxidant, maintains the best chemical reaction conditions, and is beneficial to improve the energy conversion efficiency and operating stability of the fuel cell. In addition, the flow meter 180 can also monitor the operating state of the fuel cell system 100, discover potential flow abnormalities in a timely manner, and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the fuel cell system 100.

[0063] In some implementable manners, referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present application further includes a pressure detection device 190 and a temperature detection device 191, the pressure detection device 190 is arranged on the pipeline between the first end of the second branch 130 and the stack 113; the temperature detection device 191 is arranged on the pipeline between the first end of the second branch 130 and the stack 113.

[0064] In a specific implementation, the pressure detection device 190 and the temperature detection device 191 can detect in real time whether the pressure and temperature of the gas entering the stack 113 meet the needs of the chemical reaction of the stack 113, and when the pressure or temperature is abnormal, the user can discover and take measures in a timely manner, which is beneficial to further improve the safety and reliability of the fuel cell system 100, and thus improve the safety of the vehicle.

[0065] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which includes any of the above fuel cell systems 100.

[0066] Among them, the structure and working principle of the fuel cell system 100 are described in detail in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0067] By using the fuel cell system 100, the energy utilization rate of the vehicle can be effectively improved, the energy consumption of the vehicle can be reduced, the endurance of the vehicle can be improved, and the driving experience of the vehicle can be enhanced.

[0068] To sum up, the fuel cell system 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application has three working states. When the vehicle is normally driven, the power demand of the fuel cell is low, the fuel cell system 100 enters the first working state, the second air compressor 114 with low power is operated, and the first air compressor 112 with high power is turned off. The low-flow gas is input into the stack 113 to ensure the normal operation of the stack 113, and the energy consumption of the fuel cell system 100 is reduced. When the power demand of the fuel cell is high, for example, when the vehicle needs to be driven at high speed, the fuel cell system 100 enters the second working state, the first air compressor 112 is operated, and the second air compressor 114 is turned off. The first air compressor 112 provides high-flow high-pressure gas for the stack 113. The remaining gas after the reaction with the stack 113 still has a high flow rate, and thus can enter the second air compressor 114 to drive the impeller in the second air compressor 114 to generate electricity. The controller 140 transmits the generated electricity to the power battery 150 or the storage battery, so as to realize the recycling of the electricity and further improve the energy utilization rate. Finally, before the fuel cell system 100 ends the operation, the fuel cell system 100 enters the third working state. The second air compressor 114 generates part of the gas and drives the gas to flow in the pipeline to bypass the stack 113, so as to take out the residual water vapor in the pipeline and avoid the freezing of the pipeline in a low-temperature environment, thereby causing damage to the fuel cell system 100. Thus, the first air compressor 112 and the second air compressor 114 of the fuel cell system 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application are coordinated and matched. Different working states are selected according to the use demand of the vehicle. The use demand of the vehicle in different scenes can be fully met, the energy consumption can be reduced, the energy utilization rate can be improved, the endurance of the vehicle can be improved, and the driving experience of the vehicle can be enhanced.

[0069] In the description of the embodiment of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms “mounting”, “connection” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a communication inside two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiment of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application or the implied device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the embodiment of the present application. In the description of the embodiment of the present application, the meaning of “a plurality of” is two or more, unless otherwise specified and limited.

[0071] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of these terms herein is to be construed to cover the embodiments of the application whether or not the embodiments are described with the use of these terms. The terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", and the like characterizing conformations used in the description and the claims of the present application are used to mean inclusive rather than exclusive, that is, specifying features, steps or components which are included but not to the exclusion of any others.

[0072] Moreover, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like, if any, are used merely to identify features of similarities, and do not require a sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of these terms herein is to be construed to cover the embodiments of the application whether or not the embodiments are described with the use of these terms.

[0073] The term "plurality" as used herein means two or more. The term "and / or", as used herein merely means one or all of the associated listed items.

[0074] It can be understood that various numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are merely distinguished for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0075] It can be understood that the size of the serial number of each process in the embodiments of the present application does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0076] Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. It is intended that the present application cover any and all variations of the application that come within the scope of the claims and their equivalents. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the application indicated by the following claims.

[0077] It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the precise construction herein described and as shown in the attached drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be effected therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. The scope of the application is to be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system (100), characterized in that: include: The main circuit (110) includes an air filter (111), a first air compressor (112), a fuel cell stack (113), a second air compressor (114), and a muffler (115) connected in sequence through a pipeline, wherein the operating power of the first air compressor (112) is greater than the operating power of the second air compressor (114), the inlet of the second air compressor (114) is also connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor (112) and the air filter (111) in a disconnectable manner, and the outlet of the second air compressor (114) is also connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor (112) and the fuel cell stack (113) in a disconnectable manner; a first branch (120), wherein a first end of the first branch (120) is connected to a pipeline between the second air compressor (114) and the fuel cell stack (113) in a disconnectable manner, and a second end of the first branch (120) is connected to a pipeline between the second air compressor (114) and the muffler (115) in a disconnectable manner; a second branch (130), wherein a first end of the second branch (130) is connected to a pipeline between the first air compressor (112) and the fuel cell stack (113) in a disconnectable manner, and a second end of the second branch (130) is connected to a pipeline between the second air compressor (114) and the fuel cell stack (113) in a disconnectable manner; a controller (140) connected to the first air compressor (112) and the second air compressor (114), respectively; A power battery (150) is connected to the controller (140).

2. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The main road (110) further includes: a first three-way valve (116), the first three-way valve (116) being disposed between the air filter (111) and the first air compressor (112), the first three-way valve (116) having a first inlet (1161), a first outlet (1162), and a second outlet (1163), wherein the first inlet (1161) is in communication with the air filter (111), the first outlet (1162) is in communication with the inlet of the first air compressor (112), and the second outlet (1163) is in communication with the inlet of the second air compressor (114); and / or, a second three-way valve (117), the second three-way valve (117) being provided between the first air compressor (112) and the fuel cell stack (113), the second three-way valve (117) having a second inlet (1171), a third inlet (1172) and a third outlet (1173), wherein the second inlet (1171) is communicated with the outlet of the first air compressor (112), and the third outlet (1173) is communicated with the inlet of the fuel cell stack (113); and / or, a third three-way valve (118), the third three-way valve (118) being provided between the second air compressor (114) and the fuel cell stack (113), the third three-way valve (118) having a fourth inlet (1181), a fourth outlet (1182) and a fifth outlet (1183), wherein the fourth inlet (1181) is communicated with the outlet of the fuel cell stack (113), the fourth outlet (1182) is communicated with the inlet of the second air compressor (114), and the fifth outlet (1183) is communicated with the outlet of the second air compressor (114) and the pipeline between the muffler (115); and / or, A fourth three-way valve (119), the fourth three-way valve (119) is arranged between the second air compressor (114) and the muffler (115), the fourth three-way valve (119) having a fifth inlet (1191), a sixth outlet (1192) and a seventh outlet (1193), wherein the fifth inlet (1191) is connected to the outlet of the second air compressor (114), the sixth outlet (1192) is connected to the third inlet (1172) of the second three-way valve (117), and the seventh outlet (1193) is connected to the muffler (115).

3. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The main road (110) further includes: A first three-way pipe (101) is connected to the pipeline between the first air compressor (112) and the fuel cell stack (113), and is in communication with the first end of the second branch (130); A second three-way pipe (102) is connected to the pipeline between the fourth inlet (1181) of the third three-way valve (118) and the fuel cell stack (113), and is in communication with the second end of the second branch (130); a third three-way pipe (103) connected to the pipeline between the third outlet (1173) of the third three-way valve (118) and the inlet of the second air compressor (114), and communicating with the second outlet (1163) of the first three-way valve (116); The fourth three-way pipe (104) is connected to the pipeline between the seventh outlet (1193) of the fourth three-way valve (119) and the muffler (115), and is connected to the fourth outlet (1182) of the third three-way valve (118) through the first branch (120).

4. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that Also includes: An intercooler (160) is provided on the pipeline between the second three-way valve (117) and the first end of the second branch (130).

5. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that Also includes: A water divider (170) is provided between the second end of the second branch (130) and the third three-way valve (118).

6. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The second branch (130) is further provided with a first control valve (131), and the first control valve (131) is used to control the on-off of the second branch (130).

7. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The main road (110) further includes: a second control valve (105) provided on a pipeline between a first end of the second branch (130) and an inlet of the fuel cell stack (113); a third control valve (106) provided on a pipeline between the second end of the second branch (130) and the outlet of the fuel cell stack (113); The second control valve (105) and the third control valve (106) operate independently of each other.

8. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: A flow meter (180) is provided on a pipeline between the first end of the second branch (130) and the fuel cell stack (113).

9. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: a pressure detection device (190) provided on a pipeline between the first end of the second branch (130) and the fuel cell stack (113); and / or, A temperature detection device (191) is provided on a pipeline between the first end of the second branch (130) and the fuel cell stack (113).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The fuel cell system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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