Antenna unit and antenna array

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and provides an antenna unit and an antenna array. The antenna unit comprises a first substrate, a first radiator, a second radiator and a switch module. The first radiator and the second radiator are both arranged on the first substrate and located on the same side of the first substrate. The first radiator and the second radiator are arranged at an interval. The switch module is arranged on the first substrate. The switch module is located between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the switch module is electrically connected with the first radiator and the second radiator. Therefore, the scattering modes of the first radiator and the second radiator can be adjusted on the basis that the switching mode of the switch module is controlled and the radiation modes of the first radiator and the second radiator are not influenced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to an antenna unit and an antenna array. BACKGROUND

[0002] An antenna is a key component for converting guided waves and space electromagnetic waves in electronic devices. With the development of wireless communication technology, antennas are required to have more excellent performance and more diversified functions. A radiation-scattering integrated antenna array can realize dynamic collaborative optimization of the antenna in radiation mode and scattering mode. However, the current radiation-scattering integrated antenna array cannot adjust the scattering mode, which makes it less practical. SUMMARY

[0003] Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna unit and an antenna array, which can control the connection relationship between the first radiator and the second radiator through a switch module, thereby realizing adjustable scattering mode to at least partially solve the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present application, an antenna unit is provided, comprising:

[0005] a first substrate;

[0006] a first radiator and a second radiator, both of which are arranged on the same side of the first substrate, and the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged at intervals;

[0007] a switch module arranged on the first substrate, the switch module is located between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the switch module is electrically connected with the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0008] Optionally, the switch module has a first state and a second state, when the switch module is in the first state, the phase of the scattering mode of the antenna unit is A, when the switch module is in the second state, the phase of the scattering mode of the antenna unit is B, wherein the phase difference between A and B is 180°.

[0009] Optionally, the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged at intervals along a first direction, an edge of the first radiator is formed with a first slit extending along a second direction, and the first slit is arranged at intervals as at least two along the first direction; and / or, an edge of the second radiator is formed with a second slit extending along a second direction, and the second slit is arranged at intervals as at least two along the first direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an angle.

[0010] Optionally, the antenna unit further comprises:

[0011] a second substrate connected to the first substrate away from the first radiating body;

[0012] a coupling feeding part disposed on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, the coupling feeding part coupled to the first radiating body and the second radiating body.

[0013] Optionally, the antenna unit further comprises:

[0014] a feeding connection part disposed on the second substrate, the feeding connection part connected to the coupling feeding part, the feeding connection part penetrating the second substrate and configured to connect a connector of an external device.

[0015] Optionally, the antenna unit further comprises:

[0016] a third substrate connected to the second substrate away from the first substrate;

[0017] a first conductive part disposed on the third substrate, the first conductive part configured to electrically connect a bias circuit;

[0018] a second conductive part having one end connected to the first conductive part and the other end penetrating the second substrate and the first substrate and electrically connected to the first radiating body.

[0019] Optionally, the antenna unit further comprises:

[0020] a grounding plate disposed between the second substrate and the third substrate;

[0021] a third conductive part electrically connected to the second radiating body, the third conductive part penetrating the first substrate and the second substrate and electrically connected to the grounding plate.

[0022] Optionally, the antenna unit further comprises:

[0023] a first inductor disposed on the first substrate and located on a side of the first radiating body away from the switch module, the first inductor electrically connected to the first radiating body and the second conductive part;

[0024] a second inductor disposed on the first substrate and located on a side of the second radiating body away from the switch module, the second inductor electrically connected to the second radiating body and the third conductive part.

[0025] Optionally, the first substrate and the second substrate are connected by a first adhesive layer, and the grounding plate and the second substrate are connected by a second adhesive layer.

[0026] According to a second aspect of the present application, an antenna array is provided, comprising at least two antenna units as described above.

[0027] In the antenna unit and the antenna array of the embodiments of the present application, the electromagnetic wave is radiated and scattered by the first radiating body on the first substrate, the electromagnetic wave is radiated and scattered by the second radiating body on the first substrate, and the connection between the first radiating body and the second radiating body is realized by the switch module, so that the working state of the antenna unit is switched by the conduction and the shutdown of the switch module. Specifically, whether the switch module is conducted or not does not substantially affect the radiation mode of the first radiating body and the second radiating body, but changes the phase of the scattering mode of the first radiating body and the second radiating body, so that the scattering mode is adjustable. Thus, based on the control of the switch module on the switch state of itself, the scattering mode of the first radiating body and the second radiating body can be adjusted without affecting the radiation mode of the first radiating body and the second radiating body.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.

[0030] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following will be described in conjunction with the drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description represent the same parts.

[0031] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is an exploded view of an antenna unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna array provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 is a simulation result of the reflection coefficient and the radiation coefficient of an antenna unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 is a simulation result of the cross-polarization radiation coefficient of an antenna unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 is a simulation result of the reflection coefficient (amplitude) of the scattering mode of an antenna unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 are reflection coefficient (phase) simulation results of scattering modes of the antenna unit provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0038] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] 1, first substrate; 2, first radiator; 21, first slot; 3, second radiator; 31, second slot; 4, switch module; 5, second substrate; 6, coupling feeding part; 7, feeding connection part; 8, third substrate; 9, first conductive member; 10, second conductive member; 11, ground plate; 12, third conductive member; 13, first inductor; 14, second inductor; 15, first adhesive layer; 16, second adhesive layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0041] An antenna is a key component for converting guided waves and space electromagnetic waves in electronic devices. With the development of wireless communication technology, antennas are required to have more excellent performance and more diversified functions. An array antenna composed of single antennas has more design freedom, a larger aperture, and higher gain, and can perform beam scanning. An electrically controlled scanning antenna array has the advantages of fast response speed, high scanning accuracy, and high integration, and is the mainstream choice for current antenna array systems. The traditional architecture of multiple antennas independently arranged faces the bottleneck problems of large physical space occupation, poor electromagnetic compatibility, and limited platform stealth, and modern electronic systems are rapidly developing towards multi-band, multi-function, and high integration. How to realize efficient integration and collaborative work of multi-band / multi-polarization antennas in a limited aperture has become a core challenge for system design.

[0042] In a stealth platform (such as a stealth fighter, a ship) and a high-density communication scenario, an antenna not only needs to efficiently radiate electromagnetic energy to realize communication, detection, or guidance functions, but also needs to actively regulate its scattering characteristics to reduce the radar scattering cross section (RCS) to avoid being detected by the enemy's radar. In related technologies, a separate design method of radiating antennas and scattering control devices (such as wave-absorbing materials and frequency selective surfaces) is usually used, but this will result in a bulky system, increased weight, and difficult electromagnetic compatibility under multi-physical field coupling.

[0043] The radiation-scattering integrated antenna array realizes dynamic collaborative optimization of the antenna in the radiation mode and the scattering mode through structural innovation and intelligent regulation and control. The existing radiation-scattering integrated antenna array has the following problems: 1. Only the electromagnetic characteristics of one of the radiation mode and the scattering mode can be regulated and controlled, and multiple functions of electromagnetic regulation and control cannot be provided; 2. The radiation function and the scattering function can only work in time division mode, and cannot work simultaneously and do not affect each other.

[0044] According to a first aspect of the present application, referring to Figures 1 to 7 The present application provides an antenna unit. The antenna unit comprises a first substrate 1, a first radiator 2, a second radiator 3, and a switch module 4. The first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are both arranged on the first substrate 1 and located on the same side of the first substrate 1. The first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are arranged in a spaced manner. The switch module 4 is arranged on the first substrate 1. The switch module 4 is located between the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3, and the switch module 4 is electrically connected with the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3.

[0045] In some embodiments, electromagnetic waves are radiated and scattered by the first radiator 2 on the first substrate 1, and electromagnetic waves are radiated and scattered by the second radiator 3 on the first substrate 1. The connection between the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 is realized by using the switch module 4, so as to switch the working state of the antenna unit by using the on and off of the switch module 4. Specifically, whether the switch module 4 is on or not does not substantially affect the radiation mode of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3, but changes the phase of the scattering mode of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3, thereby realizing adjustable scattering mode. Thus, based on the control of the switch state of the switch module 4, the adjustable scattering mode of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 can be realized without affecting the radiation mode of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first substrate 1 is a circuit board. For example, the first substrate 1 is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), or the like.

[0047] In some embodiments, a groove structure is opened on the surface of the first substrate 1, and the groove structure is used to accommodate the radiators. For example, a first groove and a second groove are opened on the surface of the first substrate 1. The first groove and the second groove are arranged in a spaced manner. The first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are arranged in the first groove and the second groove, respectively. The shape of the first groove is matched with the shape of the first radiator 2, and the groove depth of the first groove is matched with the thickness of the first radiator 2. The shape of the second groove is matched with the shape of the second radiator 3, and the groove depth of the second groove is matched with the thickness of the second radiator 3.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are both metal patches. For example, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are both radiation scattering composite patches.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are of the same shape. For example, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are both arranged as rectangles. Of course, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 can also be both arranged as squares, regular hexagons, or other shapes. The shape of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 can be reasonably selected based on the working frequency band of the antenna unit, etc.

[0050] In some embodiments, the number of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 can be one or at least two. For example, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are both only one, and the two are connected through the switch module 4. For example, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are both arranged as two, and the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are staggered, and each adjacent first radiator 2 and second radiator 3 are connected through a switch module 4. For example, the first radiator 2 is arranged as two, and the second radiator 3 is arranged as one, and the second radiator 3 is located between the two first radiators 2, and each adjacent first radiator 2 and second radiator 3 are connected through a switch module 4.

[0051] In some embodiments, the switch module 4 is a PIN diode. By loading a PIN diode between the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3, the state of the switch PIN diode can be used to realize the adjustable scattering mode without affecting the original radiation mode of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3.

[0052] In some embodiments, the spacing between the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 is matched with the size of the PIN diode.

[0053] In some embodiments, the state of the PIN diode can be switched by changing the voltage, power-on mode, power type, etc. of the PIN diode. For example, by providing the PIN diode with electric energy of a first voltage, the PIN diode is in a conductive state, so that the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 can transmit radio frequency signals. By providing the PIN diode with electric energy of a second voltage, the PIN diode is in a closed state.

[0054] In some embodiments, the switch module 4 has a first state and a second state. When the switch module 4 is in the first state, the phase of the scattering mode of the antenna unit is A. When the switch module 4 is in the second state, the phase of the scattering mode of the antenna unit is B. Wherein, the phase difference between A and B is 180°.

[0055] For example, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are both arranged as two, and the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are staggered, and each adjacent first radiator 2 and second radiator 3 are connected through a switch module 4. Figure 7As shown, when the switch module 4 is in the first state and the second state respectively, there is a phase difference of about 180° between the two scattering modes of the antenna unit, that is, the antenna unit has a 1-bit phase control capability, which can effectively control the scattering pattern.

[0056] For example, when the switch module 4 is in the first state, the phase of the scattering pattern of the antenna unit is 0°. When the switch module 4 is in the second state, the phase of the scattering pattern of the antenna unit is 180°. Thus, when the switch module 4 is in the first state and the second state, respectively, the two scattering patterns of the antenna unit have a phase difference of approximately 180°.

[0057] For example, when the switch module 4 is in the first state, the phase of the scattering pattern of the antenna unit is -45°. When the switch module 4 is in the second state, the phase of the scattering pattern of the antenna unit is 135°. Thus, when the switch module 4 is in the first state and the second state, respectively, the two scattering patterns of the antenna unit have a phase difference of approximately 180°.

[0058] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are spaced apart along a first direction. The edge of the first radiator 2 is formed with a first slit 21 extending along a second direction. At least two first slits 21 are spaced apart along the first direction. And / or, the edge of the second radiator 3 is formed with a second slit 31 extending along the second direction. At least two second slits 31 are spaced apart along the first direction. The first direction and the second direction are arranged at an angle.

[0059] Due to the inherent resonant characteristics of the radiation mode and the scattering mode, their operating frequencies are often inconsistent, resulting in a certain deviation in the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the first radiator 2. In the embodiment of the present application, by forming a first slit 21 at the edge of the first radiator 2 to extend the current path and form an equivalent slow-wave structure, the resonant frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode can be effectively adjusted, so that the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the first radiator 2 coincide. This enables the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the first radiator 2 to operate simultaneously at the same frequency, thereby forming an integrated radiation and scattering metasurface antenna that can operate simultaneously at the same frequency.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the edge of the first radiator 2 having a plurality of first slots 21 can be arranged in a serrated shape, which can increase the edge path of the first radiator 2 and thus extend the current path at the edge. This can reduce the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode. It should be noted that since the radiation mode and the scattering mode originally have different operating frequencies, the configuration of the first slots 21 affects the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode to different degrees. As a result, under the adjustment of the first slots 21, the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the first radiator 2 can overlap.

[0061] In some embodiments, a plurality of first slots 21 are provided on opposite sides of the first radiator 2, and the first slots 21 on the opposite sides are symmetrically arranged. The opposite sides are adjacent to the connection sides of the first radiator 2 and the switch module 4. The symmetrical arrangement of the first slots 21 can enhance the polarization of the first radiator 2, thereby improving the isolation between the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the first radiator 2.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first slot 21 can be configured as a rectangle. Of course, it can also be configured as a square or other polygonal structure. The shape and size of the first slot 21 can be selected based on the operating frequency band of the scattering mode and the radiation mode. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape and size of the first slot 21.

[0063] Due to the inherent resonant characteristics of the radiation mode and the scattering mode, their operating frequencies are often inconsistent, resulting in a certain deviation in the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the second radiator 3. In the embodiment of the present application, by forming a second slit 31 at the edge of the second radiator 3 to extend the current path and form an equivalent slow-wave structure, the resonant frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode can be effectively adjusted, so that the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the second radiator 3 coincide. This enables the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the second radiator 3 to operate simultaneously at the same frequency, thereby forming an integrated radiation and scattering metasurface antenna that can operate simultaneously at the same frequency.

[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the edge of the second radiator 3 having a plurality of second slots 31 can be arranged in a serrated shape, which can increase the edge path of the second radiator 3 and thus extend the current path at the edge. This can reduce the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode. It should be noted that since the radiation mode and the scattering mode originally have different operating frequencies, the configuration of the second slots 31 affects the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode to different degrees. Therefore, under the adjustment of the second slots 31, the operating frequencies of the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the second radiator 3 can overlap.

[0065] In some embodiments, a plurality of second slots 31 are provided on opposite sides of the second radiator 3, and the second slots 31 on both sides are symmetrically arranged. The opposite sides are adjacent to the connection sides of the second radiator 3 and the switch module 4. The symmetrical arrangement of the second slots 31 can enhance the polarization degree of the second radiator 3, thereby improving the isolation between the radiation mode and the scattering mode of the second radiator 3.

[0066] In some embodiments, the second slot 31 can be configured as a rectangle. Of course, it can also be configured as a square or other polygonal structure. The shape and size of the second slot 31 can be selected based on the operating frequency band of the scattering mode and the radiation mode. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape and size of the second slot 31.

[0067] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, based on setting a first slot 21 on the first radiator 2 and a second slot 31 on the second radiator 3, the changes in the scattering modes of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 have little effect on the standing wave and radiation characteristics of the radiation mode. It can be seen that the scattering mode and the radiation mode can be used simultaneously without interference.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an acute angle, or at an obtuse angle, or at a right angle to the second direction.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna unit further includes a second substrate 5 and a coupling feed portion 6. The second substrate 5 is connected to a side of the first substrate 1 away from the first radiator 2. The coupling feed portion 6 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 5 facing the first substrate 1. The coupling feed portion 6 is coupled to the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3.

[0070] It can be understood that the coupling feeding portion 6 is provided on the surface of the second substrate 5 , and is used to transmit the radio frequency signal of the feeding probe to the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 .

[0071] In some embodiments, the coupling feed portion 6 is a metal patch. For example, the coupling feed portion 6 is a coupling feed patch.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second substrate 5 is a circuit board, for example, a PCB or an FPC.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna unit further includes a feed connection portion 7. The feed connection portion 7 is provided on the second substrate 5. The feed connection portion 7 is connected to the coupling feed portion 6. The feed connection portion 7 passes through the second substrate 5 and is configured as a connector for connecting to an external device.

[0074] It can be understood that the feeding connection part 7 is used to connect the connector of the external device and feed the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 through the coupling feeding part 6.

[0075] In some embodiments, the feeding connection part 7 is a feeding probe. The feeding probe can be arranged in an L shape. Thus, the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 are excited through the feeding probe to work. Based on the feeding probe in the L shape, the capacitive effect between the feeding connection part 7 and the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 3 can be generated, thereby improving the coupling effect and facilitating impedance matching.

[0076] In some embodiments, the feeding connection part 7 connects the SMA connector.

[0077] In some embodiments, the antenna unit further comprises a third substrate 8, a first conductive part 9 and a second conductive part 10. The third substrate 8 is connected to the side of the second substrate 5 away from the first substrate 1. The first conductive part 9 is arranged on the third substrate 8. The first conductive part 9 is configured to electrically connect the bias circuit. The second conductive part 10 is connected to the first conductive part 9 and penetrates the second substrate 5 and the first substrate 1 at the other end and is electrically connected to the first radiator 2.

[0078] It can be understood that the bias circuit is electrically connected through the first conductive part 9, and the first conductive part 9 is electrically connected to the first radiator 2 through the second conductive part 10. Since the first radiator 2 is electrically connected to the second radiator 3 through the switch module 4, a direct current bias can be provided for the switch module 4. The first conductive part 9 can also act as an analog parallel capacitor, thereby acting as an equivalent low-pass filter to reduce the influence of the direct current bias on the radio frequency performance.

[0079] In some embodiments, the first conductive part 9 is a metal disc. The second conductive part 10 is a metal cylinder.

[0080] In some embodiments, the third substrate 8 is a circuit board. For example, the third substrate 8 is a PCB or a FPC.

[0081] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, in some embodiments, the antenna unit further comprises a grounding plate 11 and a third conductive part 12. The grounding plate 11 is arranged between the second substrate 5 and the third substrate 8. The third conductive part 12 is electrically connected to the second radiator 3. The third conductive part 12 penetrates the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5 and is electrically connected to the grounding plate 11. Figure 1 Figure 2 It can be understood that the grounding of the components is realized through the grounding plate 11, thereby forming a closed loop to realize the electrical connection between the components.

[0082] It can be understood that the grounding of the components is realized through the grounding plate 11, thereby forming a closed loop to realize the electrical connection between the components.

[0083] ​It should be noted that when a ground plate 11 is provided between the second substrate 5 and the third substrate 8 , the second conductive member 10 will penetrate the ground plate 11 , the second substrate 5 and the first substrate 1 .

[0084] In some embodiments, the third conductive member 12 is a metal cylinder.

[0085] In some embodiments, the ground plate 11 is a metal plate.

[0086] In some embodiments, a circular hole is formed on the second substrate 5. The second conductive member 10 and the third conductive member 12 are metallized grounding structures formed from the circular hole.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first substrate 1, the second substrate 5, the third substrate 8, and the ground plane 11 all have a certain thickness, and the thicknesses of the first substrate 1, the second substrate 5, the third substrate 8, and the ground plane 11 can be the same or different. The thicknesses of the first substrate 1, the second substrate 5, the third substrate 8, and the ground plane 11 can be reasonably selected based on the bandwidth, impedance, and other performance characteristics of the antenna unit. The present embodiment does not limit the thicknesses of the first substrate 1, the second substrate 5, the third substrate 8, and the ground plane 11.

[0088] In some embodiments, the antenna unit further includes a first inductor 13 and a second inductor 14. The first inductor 13 is disposed on the first substrate 1 and located on a side of the first radiator 2 away from the switch module 4. The first inductor 13 is electrically connected to the first radiator 2 and the second conductive element 10. The second inductor 14 is disposed on the first substrate 1 and located on a side of the second radiator 3 away from the switch module 4. The second inductor 14 is electrically connected to the second radiator 3 and the third conductive element 12.

[0089] It is understandable that by providing the first inductor 13 and the second inductor 14 , direct current can be passed and alternating current can be isolated, thereby eliminating high-frequency noise and ensuring the purity of the output voltage.

[0090] In some embodiments, the first inductor 13 and the second inductor 14 are both chip inductors. The first inductor 13 is disposed adjacent to or spaced apart from the first radiator 2. The second inductor 14 is disposed adjacent to or spaced apart from the second radiator 3.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, the radiation pattern and scattering pattern of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application have good cross-polarization isolation. Figure 6 As shown, the reflection coefficients of the antenna units in the embodiments of the present application are maintained at a high level in different scattering modes, and have the ability to work in a coordinated manner.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5 are connected via a first adhesive layer 15 , and the ground plate 11 and the second substrate 5 are connected via a second adhesive layer 16 .

[0093] It is understood that since the first substrate 1, the second substrate 5, and the third substrate 8 are all circuit boards, they need to be connected layer by layer through a lamination process after their respective components are installed. Therefore, the first adhesive layer 15 is used to connect the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5, and the second adhesive layer 16 is used to connect the ground plate 11 and the second substrate 5. Since the ground plate 11 is connected to the third substrate 8, the second substrate 5 and the third substrate 8 can be connected. Therefore, the first adhesive layer 15 and the second adhesive layer 16 can be used to connect the first substrate 1, the second substrate 5, and the third substrate 8 to form a whole, which is beneficial for the array arrangement of the antenna units.

[0094] According to a second aspect of the present application, an antenna array is provided, which includes the above-mentioned antenna unit. The antenna array has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned antenna unit, which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0095] like Figure 3 As shown, the antenna array is composed of multiple antenna units as described in the above embodiment arranged in a periodic manner, so that the antenna units have the function of radiating scattered beam scanning. For example, the multiple antenna units can be arranged in 8 columns, and each column is provided with 8 antenna units.

[0096] The antenna array in the embodiment of the present application can adjust the phase of the scattering pattern of each antenna unit based on the state change of the switch module 4 of each antenna unit, and combine the phases of various different scattering patterns so that the antenna array can form different states and realize the adjustment of electromagnetic waves.

[0097] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0098] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0099] The embodiments, implementation methods and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0100] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the present application in any form, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments without departing from the technical solution of the present application and according to the technical essence of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that: include: a first substrate (1); A first radiator (2) and a second radiator (3) are both arranged on the first substrate (1) and located on the same side of the first substrate (1), and the first radiator (2) and the second radiator (3) are arranged at intervals; A switch module (4) is provided on the first substrate (1), the switch module (4) is located between the first radiator (2) and the second radiator (3), and the switch module (4) is electrically connected to the first radiator (2) and the second radiator (3).

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The switch module (4) has a first state and a second state. When the switch module (4) is in the first state, the phase of the scattering pattern of the antenna unit is A. When the switch module (4) is in the second state, the phase of the scattering pattern of the antenna unit is B. The phase difference between A and B is 180°.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiator (2) and the second radiator (3) are spaced apart along a first direction, a first slit (21) extending along a second direction is formed on an edge of the first radiator (2), and the first slit (21) is spaced apart along the first direction to form at least two slits; and / or a second slit (31) extending along the second direction is formed on an edge of the second radiator (3), and the second slit (31) is spaced apart along the first direction to form at least two slits; wherein the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an angle.

4. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The antenna unit further includes: a second substrate (5) connected to a side of the first substrate (1) away from the first radiator (2); A coupling feed portion (6) is provided on a side of the second substrate (5) facing the first substrate (1), and the coupling feed portion (6) is coupled with the first radiator (2) and the second radiator (3).

5. The antenna unit according to claim 4, characterized in that The antenna unit further includes: A feed connection portion (7) is provided on the second substrate (5), the feed connection portion (7) is connected to the coupling feed portion (6), the feed connection portion (7) passes through the second substrate (5), and is configured as a connector for connecting an external device.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 4, characterized in that The antenna unit further includes: a third substrate (8) connected to a side of the second substrate (5) away from the first substrate (1); a first conductive member (9) disposed on the third substrate (8), wherein the first conductive member (9) is configured to be electrically connected to a bias circuit; A second conductive member (10) has one end connected to the first conductive member (9), and the other end passes through the second substrate (5) and the first substrate (1), and is electrically connected to the first radiator (2).

7. The antenna unit according to claim 6, characterized in that The antenna unit further includes: A ground plate (11) is provided between the second substrate (5) and the third substrate (8); A third conductive member (12) is electrically connected to the second radiator (3); the third conductive member (12) passes through the first substrate (1) and the second substrate (5), and is electrically connected to the ground plate (11).

8. The antenna unit according to claim 7, characterized in that The antenna unit further includes: a first inductor (13) disposed on the first substrate (1) and located on a side of the first radiator (2) away from the switch module (4), the first inductor (13) being electrically connected to the first radiator (2) and the second conductive member (10); The second inductor (14) is arranged on the first substrate (1) and is located on a side of the second radiator (3) away from the switch module (4). The second inductor (14) is electrically connected to the second radiator (3) and the third conductive element (12).

9. The antenna unit according to claim 7, wherein: The first substrate (1) and the second substrate (5) are connected via a first adhesive layer (15), and the ground plate (11) and the second substrate (5) are connected via a second adhesive layer (16).

10. An antenna array, characterized in that: The antenna comprises at least two antenna units according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images