Pseudo-classic building structure with combination of cantilever concrete and steel-wood arch and construction method of pseudo-classic building structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a pseudo-classic building structure combining cantilever concrete and a steel-wood arch and a construction method thereof, and the pseudo-classic building structure comprises a cantilever concrete structure which is formed at the top of a concrete main body structure and is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the concrete main body structure; the roof steel framework is laid on the concrete main body structure and the cantilever concrete structure, and the outer edge of the roof steel framework extends to the outer side of the cantilever concrete structure; the bracket component is mounted between the outer side of the cantilever concrete structure and the bottom of the roof steel framework; and the antique roof component is mounted on the roof steel framework. The problem that the structural form that a steel-wood composite structure and a cantilever reinforced concrete structure are combined to form a suspended cornice is not seen in an existing pseudo-classic building is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to an antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete with steel-wood brackets and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the design and construction of imitations of ancient architecture initially relied entirely on the materials and techniques of ancient wooden structures, resulting in the construction of wooden gardens, temples, and residences. However, over time, and due to the destruction of forest vegetation caused by excessive timber harvesting, the use of timber in imitations of ancient architecture no longer met the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development. Consequently, the practice of replacing wood with other building materials emerged. Among these materials, reinforced concrete became the preferred choice. Reinforced concrete offers advantages such as insect resistance, fire resistance, corrosion resistance, and earthquake resistance, as well as its advantages of conserving wood, protecting the environment, and promoting sustainable development. Consequently, in modern times, reinforced concrete has been widely used in the construction of numerous imitations of ancient architecture, altering the original load-bearing system of wooden structures. Some buildings utilize a concrete main structure with timber-clad decorative brackets, while other metal materials are also used for decorative brackets. However, these decorative brackets are generally fixed directly to the concrete surface or connected to the upper concrete overhang. The use of steel-wood composite structures in conjunction with cantilevered reinforced concrete structures to create a cantilevered overhang, thus creating a transparent and ethereal effect, has not been observed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, an antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets and a construction method thereof are now provided to solve the problem that current antique buildings do not use a steel-wood composite structure combined with a cantilevered reinforced concrete structure to form a structural form of cantilevered eaves.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, an antique architectural structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets is provided, comprising:

[0005] The cantilevered concrete structure is formed on the top of the concrete main structure, and the cantilevered concrete structure is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the concrete main structure;

[0006] The roof steel frame is laid on the concrete main structure and the cantilevered concrete structure, and the outer edge of the roof steel frame extends to the outside of the cantilevered concrete structure;

[0007] Bracing components are installed between the outer side of the cantilevered concrete structure and the bottom of the roof steel frame;

[0008] Antique roofing components, installed on the roof steel frame.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of attached wall columns are installed on the outer side of the cantilevered concrete structure, and the plurality of attached wall columns are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cantilevered concrete structure. Support plates are installed on the plurality of attached wall columns, and the support plates are arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the cantilevered concrete structure. The side of the bracket component is installed on the support plates.

[0010] Furthermore, the gaps between the frames of the roof steel frame are filled with roof panels, and the tops of the bracket components are connected to the roof panels and the roof steel frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the roof panel is connected to the support plate through a hanger, and the bracket member is installed on the hanger.

[0012] Furthermore, the bracket member is provided with a vertical through-hole, and the suspension rod is passed through the through-hole.

[0013] The present invention provides a construction method for an antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Casting a cantilevered concrete structure on the top of the concrete main structure so that the cantilevered concrete structure is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the concrete main structure;

[0015] Install bracket components on the outside of the cantilevered concrete structure;

[0016] Lay the roof steel frame on the concrete main structure and the cantilevered concrete structure. The outer edge of the roof steel frame extends to the outside of the cantilevered concrete structure and is connected to the bracket components.

[0017] Install antique roof components on the roof steel frame.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets of the present invention uses a combination of a roof steel structure hanging below and a wooden structure bracket component and a concrete cantilever construction process, thereby realizing the arrangement of an antique building eaves structure on the periphery of an existing concrete cantilever structure, and eliminating the design of a column support under the bracket in traditional construction technology, thereby achieving a transparent and ethereal effect.

[0019] The antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets of the present invention uses a new structural form of steel, concrete and wood. The steel structure serves as a supporting force structure for hanging and cantilevering to support eaves and decorative loads, which is a new antique building structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0021] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of an antique building combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an antique architectural structure combining cantilevered concrete with steel-wood brackets according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figures 6 to 11 Schematic diagram of the steps of a construction method for an antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the relevant invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only portions relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides an antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets, including: a cantilevered concrete structure 1, a roof steel skeleton 2, bracket components 3 and antique roof components 4.

[0030] In this embodiment, a cantilevered concrete structure 1 is cast on the outer side of the top of the concrete main structure 5. The cantilevered concrete structure 1 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the concrete main structure 5.

[0031] The roof steel skeleton 2 is laid on the concrete main structure 5 and the cantilevered concrete structure 1. The outer edge of the roof steel skeleton 2 extends to the outside of the cantilevered concrete structure 1.

[0032] The bracket member 3 is installed between the outer side of the cantilevered concrete structure 1 and the bottom of the roof steel frame 2.

[0033] The antique roofing member 4 is installed on the roof steel frame 2 .

[0034] See Figure 1 and combined Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple wall columns 11 are installed on the outer side of the cantilevered concrete structure 1. These wall columns 11 are spaced apart along the circumference of the cantilevered concrete structure 1. Support plates 12 are mounted on these wall columns 11. These support plates 12 are arranged in a circle along the circumference of the cantilevered concrete structure 1. The sides of the bracket members 3 are mounted on the support plates 12.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, a vertical flange is formed on one side of the support plate, and the vertical flange is mounted on the plurality of wall columns through fasteners.

[0036] In this embodiment, the pilasters are square tubes, and the support plates and vertical flanges are integrally formed angle steels.

[0037] The gaps between the roof steel frames 2 are filled with roof panels 21. The tops of the bracket members 3 are connected to the roof panels 21 and the roof steel frames 2.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the roof panel 21 is connected to the support plate 12 via a hanger 13. The bracket member 3 is installed on the hanger 13.

[0039] In this embodiment, the bracket member 3 is provided with a vertical through-hole, and the suspension rod 13 is passed through the through-hole.

[0040] See Figures 6 to 11 The present invention provides a construction method for an antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. Cast a cantilevered concrete structure 1 on the top of the concrete main structure 5 so that the cantilevered concrete structure 1 is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the concrete main structure 5.

[0042] See Figure 6 As shown, the reinforced concrete structure (concrete main structure and cantilevered concrete structure) is laid out and the formwork is supported according to the design. At the same time, the embedded parts of the steel structure are marked and positioned on the steel bars before the concrete is completed. During installation, the embedded parts are reinforced and welded firmly (or nailed firmly or tied with wire) to avoid vibration and displacement during concrete pouring. The pouring and demoulding are completed in sequence.

[0043] The lower-hanging structural frame is installed on the outer surface of the completed cantilevered concrete structure. This frame includes pilasters and support plates. It primarily supports the weight of the architrave and flat beams of the architrave structure, as well as the ceiling, vertical columns, decorative brackets, and decorative eaves.

[0044] The attached columns are constructed using 60mm×60mm×5mm square tubes, and the support plates are constructed using 80mm×10mm angle steel. The square tubes serve as the main framework, and the angle steel holes are connected to the bracket structure. All steel structures are welded using electric welding for base and cover welding. Steel materials are sorted and stacked according to the drawings and BIM diagrams. Before assembling welded joints, the groove edge surface must be cleaned manually or mechanically. Paint, burrs, rust, scale, and other impurities that are harmful to the welding process must be removed within 20mm of the groove. Imperfections on the cut or groove edge, if 1-3mm, can be machined or polished smooth. Fish scale welding is used to ensure a full weld. Full-penetration groove welds or full-penetration V-grooves are used for welding the 60mm×60mm×5mm square tube flanges and webs. However, full-penetration groove welds should be used for rigid beam joints within 50° above and below the beam flange and within 100° above and below the column joints.

[0045] The lower-hanging structural frame is protected against corrosion using hot-dip galvanized steel, with the welds coated with epoxy zinc yellow paint. Before applying the anti-rust paint, thoroughly clean the welds and hammer away any weld slag. A wire brush is then applied back and forth across the weld seam to remove any stubborn slag. Finally, the weld seam is polished using an angle grinder with a grinding wheel to create a smooth, even surface for better adhesion of the anti-rust paint. After weld inspection, at least three coats of zinc yellow paint are applied to the polished welds, any damaged galvanized coatings, and any metal surfaces, including galvanized screws. The paint should be at least 180 microns thick.

[0046] S2. Install bracket components 3 on the outer side of the cantilevered concrete structure 1.

[0047] See Figures 7 to 9 As shown, after assembling the architrave, place it under the lower hanging structure frame for alignment and adjustment, checking for any deviation or skew. Then, place the flat plate on top of the architrave and assemble it with the architrave. Use mortise and tenon joints for a preliminary connection, and make on-site adjustments to any unsatisfactory notches. After assembling the architrave, place it under the lower hanging structure frame for alignment and adjustment, checking for any deviation or skew. Then, place the flat plate on top of the architrave and assemble it with the architrave. Use mortise and tenon joints for a preliminary connection, and make on-site adjustments to any unsatisfactory notches.

[0048] After the beam-to-beam structure is assembled, it is raised as a whole and the hole positions are aligned and corrected with the support plate of the hanging structural frame. Stainless steel bolt connectors are used to connect the beam-to-beam structure and the support plate. The bolts are hidden and tightened in a diagonal rotation. After spraying anti-rust paint, the bottom is sealed with a wooden plug in time. After polishing, the first coat of anti-corrosion paint is applied.

[0049] The components of the dougong include the arch eye wall, brackets, plain beams, and eaves beams. Due to the use of a steel-wood composite structure, dougong components mostly use incomplete brackets, with half lower brackets, three-quarter brackets at corners, and half brackets between brackets. The baffles are slotted to reserve bolt holes. The connection between the brackets and the wooden beam structure must be based on the structure of the brackets and cannot be deformed. The mortise and tenon structure of the incomplete brackets is incomplete, so steel bars are used for reinforcement. Adjustments should be made to the size between the eaves beam and the supporting purlin. The flat seat should be adjusted within the height of the arhat beam without damaging the appearance of the brackets.

[0050] When installing the corner beam, it is initially fixed with the mortise and tenon joints of the eaves beam, and then a suspension rod (φ12mm×1000mm stainless steel screw-through rod) is used for secondary connection. The tail end is fixed first, and then the head end is fixed. The verticality and horizontality of the corner beam should be ensured during the installation process.

[0051] The rafters and plain beams are connected with steel nails. They are first positioned according to the warping of the corner beams. According to the spacing of the corner beams, a positioning rafter is arranged every 1 meter. After the best roof curve is determined using the edge viewing board, large-scale rafter construction is carried out.

[0052] S3. Lay the roof steel frame 2 on the concrete main structure 5 and the cantilevered concrete structure 1. The outer edge of the roof steel frame 2 extends to the outside of the cantilevered concrete structure 1 and is connected to the bracket components 3.

[0053] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the roof's steel frame primarily controls curvature and shape, supporting the ridge, gables, rafters, fascia, and the tiles above. The steel keels of the roof frame are constructed in the same order of cutting, bending, installation, and welding, following the curvature determined by the timber structure. The steel keels are welded to the embedded steel plates and square steel. Angle steel is bolted to the concrete at the angles and then welded to the steel keels. For large-scale rafter construction, main rafters of uniform length can be installed directly. Angle rafters are numbered and installed according to the curvature, with minor adjustments made to length and chamfers if they are inappropriate. Once the roof's steel frame is complete, the gaps between the keels are filled with wood to conform to the roof's curve and provide support for the fascia installation. These components are then securely fastened from top to bottom using through-hole screws.

[0054] The lookout panels are constructed using double-layer templates and are cut to fit the rafter spacing. During installation, the lower layer is pneumatically nailed to the rafters, with spacing no greater than 5mm. The upper layer is secured to the roof steel frame, with some secured to the lower layer, ensuring proper seam control. The edges of the lookout panels are then wrapped around the roof steel frame with timber, which must conform to the curvature of the rafters to ensure a tight seal. Before wrapping, the welds are treated with anti-corrosion treatment, and the connecting nails are painted with anti-corrosion paint.

[0055] S4. Install antique roofing components 4 on the roof steel frame 2.

[0056] According to the normal operating requirements and standard procedures, apply 1.5mm thick rubberized asphalt non-curing waterproof coating (apply in three times), and lay the waterproof layer after drying. There should be no bubbles or damaged points. A 200mm overflow should be made at the root of each type of ridge, and the eaves surface must not be contaminated to avoid affecting the eaves paint.

[0057] The roof is pre-buried with 50mm×50mm galvanized square tubes. During installation, the ridge head should be parallel to the corner beam, conforming to the building curve, and welded. After installation, anti-corrosion treatment should be carried out as required. Any damage to the waterproofing during installation should be repaired.

[0058] The rubberized asphalt non-curing waterproof coating is cured for about 8 hours (or until it is dry to the touch) before the next step is applied. The membrane is constructed with 3-meter thick SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane (Type I). Reinforcement treatment is applied to joints, such as steel structures and roof intersections.

[0059] The two-in-one construction process of hanging tile strips and following water strips is adopted. Only vertical wooden strips are needed for fixing. 80mm×100mm corrugated wood vertical strips are installed on the roof to fit the curvature of the roof. If the curvature is too large, it is not suitable for fixing. A 20mm groove is cut symmetrically every 10 to 20cm on both sides of the corrugated wood. It is fixed with ф4 long 60 nails at intervals of 600mm on the base layer, and the edges are cut into arcs to fit the curvature of the bottom tiles.

[0060] Each ridge bottom tile is fixed to the corrugated wood with screws. Before the ridge tile is installed, 30mm thick mortar is first laid from bottom to top and spread evenly. After preliminary adjustment, the ridge tile can be placed. The thickness of the mortar for the ridge tile base is then fixed with steel wire. The "press five and expose five" operation specified in the design must be strictly followed. The pressing must be uniform and accurate, and the adjustment can be combined with the actual situation. The groove tiles are pasted according to the line position, and then masonry is carried out with 1:2 cement mortar. The construction process of the ridge adjustment is to ensure that the mortar is full, the tile heads must be compacted to prevent leakage, and the joints are pointed with color paste.

[0061] The antique architectural structure combining cantilevered concrete with steel-wood brackets of the present invention utilizes a combination of a roof steel structure hung below and wooden bracket components and a concrete cantilevering construction process, thereby achieving an antique architectural eaves structure provided on the periphery of an existing concrete cantilever structure while eliminating the need for pillar supports underneath brackets in traditional construction techniques, thereby achieving a transparent and ethereal effect.

[0062] The antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets of the present invention uses a new structural form of steel, concrete and wood. The steel structure serves as a supporting force structure for hanging and cantilevering to support eaves and decorative loads, which is a new antique building structure.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An antique architectural structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets, characterized in that: include: The cantilevered concrete structure is formed on the top of the concrete main structure, and the cantilevered concrete structure is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the concrete main structure; The roof steel frame is laid on the concrete main structure and the cantilevered concrete structure, and the outer edge of the roof steel frame extends to the outside of the cantilevered concrete structure; Bracing components are installed between the outer side of the cantilevered concrete structure and the bottom of the roof steel frame; Antique roofing components, installed on the roof steel frame.

2. The antique architectural structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of attached wall columns are installed on the outer side of the cantilevered concrete structure. The plurality of attached wall columns are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cantilevered concrete structure. Support plates are installed on the plurality of attached wall columns. The support plates are arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the cantilevered concrete structure. The side parts of the bracket components are installed on the support plates.

3. The antique architectural structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gaps between the frames of the roof steel frame are filled with roof panels, and the tops of the bracket components are connected to the roof panels and the roof steel frame.

4. The antique architectural structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roof panel is connected to the supporting plate through the hanger, and the bracket components are installed on the hanger.

5. The antique architectural structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The bracket components are provided with vertically arranged through holes, and the hanger rods are passed through the through holes.

6. A construction method for an antique building structure combining cantilevered concrete and steel-wood brackets according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Casting a cantilevered concrete structure on the top of the concrete main structure so that the cantilevered concrete structure is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the concrete main structure; Install bracket components on the outside of the cantilevered concrete structure; Lay the roof steel frame on the concrete main structure and the cantilevered concrete structure. The outer edge of the roof steel frame extends to the outside of the cantilevered concrete structure and is connected to the bracket components. Install antique roof components on the roof steel frame.

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