Light focusing seasonal energy storage building with pitched roof

Abstract

The invention discloses a pitched roof light focusing seasonal energy storage building in the technical field of buildings. The pitched roof light focusing seasonal energy storage building comprises a roof structure, an outer wall structure, a floor structure and a heat storage cabin. The roof structure comprises a large Fresnel lens and a small Fresnel lens which are mutually coupled, and the small Fresnel lens is arranged above the parallel light heat preservation hollow column. The heat storage cabin is located below the floor structure and comprises a heat storage cabin shell and a metal top plate, the parallel light heat preservation hollow column is installed above the metal top plate, the lower end of the parallel light heat preservation hollow column is connected with a heat conduction hollow column, and a plurality of heat dissipation metal sheets are arranged outside the heat conduction hollow column. The heat conduction hollow column and the heat dissipation metal sheet are located in a space defined by the heat storage cabin shell and the metal top plate, and the space is filled with a heat storage phase change material. Through the Fresnel large lens, the Fresnel small lens and the heat storage phase change material, heat storage in summer and heat release in winter are achieved, and the indoor thermal environment quality and the human body comfort can be improved. The energy storage building constructed by the scheme can be used as a general building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a light-focusing seasonal energy storage building with a sloping roof, belonging to the technical field of construction. Background Art

[0002] Seasonal energy storage is a long-term energy storage method primarily used to address seasonal energy imbalances. Applying this principle to energy-efficient buildings can capture and store excess summer heat underground, releasing it in winter. This can be used to adjust the indoor thermal environment of buildings to different seasons, improving human comfort.

[0003] Literature has reported examples of applying lens focusing principles to solar energy utilization in buildings. However, some buildings employing lens focusing suffer from large and heavy lenses, difficult construction, and poor focusing performance. Furthermore, these buildings have complex heat exchange systems, and the building structure cannot adequately support the focusing system. A Fresnel lens is a type of lens that can be reduced in size and weight while maintaining its focusing function. By leveraging the Fresnel lens principle and relying on structural design, buildings can effectively remove indoor heat in the summer, fully utilize stored heat in the winter, and adjust indoor heating based on weather conditions in the spring and autumn. By switching operating modes according to the season and daytime, the quality of the indoor thermal environment and human comfort can be improved without consuming too much energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a seasonal energy storage building with a sloping roof and light focusing, so as to solve the difficulty of seasonal energy storage and improve the indoor thermal environment quality and human comfort without energy consumption.

[0005] To this end, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building, comprising a roof structure, an exterior wall structure, a floor structure and a heat storage cabin; the roof structure comprises a Fresnel large lens sloping roof with a Fresnel large lens, a Fresnel small lens is provided below the Fresnel large lens sloping roof, the Fresnel small lens is arranged above a parallel light insulation hollow column, the Fresnel large lens and the Fresnel small lens are coupled to each other, so that light irradiated on the Fresnel large lens can be converged and emitted to the parallel light insulation hollow column through the Fresnel small lens; an inclined insulation ceiling is provided around the top of the parallel light insulation hollow column and the lower side of the Fresnel large lens sloping roof, a roof air layer with a triangular cross-section is formed between the Fresnel large lens sloping roof and the inclined insulation ceiling, and the inclined The thermal insulation ceiling is provided with a plurality of switchable thermal insulation louvers; the outer wall structure is located at a peripheral position below the Fresnel large lens sloping roof, and the top and bottom of the outer wall structure are respectively provided with top vents and bottom vents; the top vents are located between the Fresnel large lens sloping roof and the inclined thermal insulation ceiling; the floor structure is located at the ground position of the building; the heat storage cabin is located below the floor structure, and the heat storage cabin includes a heat storage cabin shell and a metal top plate, a parallel light thermal insulation hollow column is installed above the metal top plate, and a heat-conducting hollow column is connected to the lower end of the parallel light thermal insulation hollow column, and a plurality of heat-dissipating metal sheets are provided outside the heat-conducting hollow column, and the heat-conducting hollow column and the heat-dissipating metal sheets are located in a space enclosed by the heat storage cabin shell and the metal top plate, and the space is filled with heat-storage phase change material.

[0006] When the device is operating, light is focused by a large Fresnel lens, projected by a small Fresnel lens, and then enters the parallel light-insulating hollow column, achieving heat conversion. This heat is then transferred to the thermal storage phase change material through the heat-conducting hollow column and heat-dissipating metal sheet, storing energy in the summer and releasing the stored heat for indoor use in the winter. Furthermore, it utilizes the principle of thermal pressure ventilation to achieve room ventilation, switching operating modes according to season and daytime, improving indoor thermal environment quality and human comfort. The energy storage building constructed with this solution can be used as a general-purpose building.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that the angle between the large Fresnel lens pitch roof and the horizontal plane is 15°-30°. The large Fresnel lens pitch roof is composed of a glass Fresnel lens tooth structure fixed at the top and a flat glass lower portion. The small Fresnel lenses are made of glass, with the upper portion being flat glass and the lower portion being the Fresnel lens tooth structure. This angle allows the large Fresnel lens pitch roof of the building to face the sun, absorbing more solar heat energy. The glass material facilitates light transmission and concentration.

[0008] The large Fresnel lens and the small Fresnel lens of the present invention are coupled to each other, so that the light irradiated on the large Fresnel lens can be converged and then emitted to the parallel light insulation hollow column through the small Fresnel lens. To ensure the further implementation of the above solution, the following improvements can be made: Improvement 1: The large Fresnel lens and small Fresnel lens are arranged in parallel, with their focal points roughly aligned and located between them. A refracting mirror is positioned between the small Fresnel lens and the hollow column to refract light into the column. This optimizes the optical path design, ensuring that the refracted light enters the column as parallel light, maximizing energy storage.

[0009] Improvement 2: The serrated structure of the large Fresnel lens pitch roof is achieved by cutting the thinner upper surface of a conventional lens into straight strips that are then placed vertically onto the inclined flat glass. The small Fresnel lenses are arranged horizontally in a serrated structure with a height difference. The small Fresnel lenses are positioned near the top of the parallel light insulation hollow column. In this solution, the large Fresnel lens pitch roof is suitable for use on sloped roofs in areas with a solar altitude angle approaching 90°. It can replace a conventional horizontal Fresnel lens to focus near-vertical incoming sunlight, which is then refracted by the small Fresnel lenses into vertical parallel light that is emitted to the parallel light insulation hollow column, eliminating the need for a refracting mirror. The high-low serrated structure of the small Fresnel lenses adapts to the slope of the large Fresnel lens pitch roof, reducing focusing errors caused by the roof's slope. Furthermore, because the small Fresnel lenses are positioned near the top of the parallel light insulation hollow column, the refracted light from the small Fresnel lenses is maximized in entering the column.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the floor structure includes a floor top plate, a thermally conductive pad disposed beneath the top plate, a plurality of hot water pipes disposed within the thermally conductive pad, a floor bottom plate disposed beneath the thermally conductive pad, a floor air space disposed between the floor bottom plate and the metal top plate, an air space insulation louver disposed in the middle of the floor air space, and a plurality of switchable air space insulation louvers disposed on the air space insulation louvers. When the air space insulation louvers are opened or closed, heat circulates within the floor air space, heating the floor structure and conveniently enabling heat extraction in winter.

[0011] In order to further achieve better thermal insulation and energy storage effects, the outer wall of the parallel light thermal insulation hollow column is made of thermal insulation material and is coated with a reflective film inside; the Fresnel lens, the parallel light thermal insulation hollow column and the supporting ring wall of the Fresnel lens together form a closed top structure to prevent heat dissipation.

[0012] A further improvement is that a reflective cone is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the heat-conducting hollow column, which can evenly reflect heat to the inner wall of the heat-conducting hollow column to achieve uniform heat transfer.

[0013] A further improvement is that a sunshade curtain is provided on the underside of the Fresnel lens sloping roof. When necessary, the amount of heat storage can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the sunshade curtain switch.

[0014] A further improvement is that the longitudinal section of the heat storage chamber shell is a semicircular section; a heat storage chamber insulation layer is provided on the inner or outer side of the heat storage chamber shell. The heat storage phase change material is preferably a molten salt material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This product switches working conditions between different seasons and day and night through the design of the building structure, basically without any energy consumption, and can adjust the temperature indoors of the building to create a comfortable thermal environment.

[0016] 2. Through the use of Fresnel lens, the material used for the lens is greatly reduced, the volume and weight of the building are reduced, and the construction process of the building is made easier.

[0017] 3. By using a dual-lens refraction system adapted to the building, solar energy is concentrated without changing the properties of parallel light, simplifying the heat exchange process and directly channeling solar energy into an underground energy storage device. This device can continuously store energy in all seasons and release heat indoors in winter through air-interlayer insulation louvers and thermal pads, maximizing solar energy utilization.

[0018] 4. This product combines the solar energy collection system and the building roof structure into one, with a simple structure, low cost and high market feasibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Cross-section of a building with a common large Fresnel lens for focusing seasonal energy storage on a sloping roof.

[0020] Figure 2 Cross-section of a building that uses a special large Fresnel lens to focus light on a sloping roof for seasonal energy storage.

[0021] Figure 3 A diagram is generated for the tooth structure of the Fresnel lens. In the diagram, a is an ordinary lens; b is an ordinary ring-shaped Fresnel lens tooth structure; c is a special Fresnel lens tooth structure; d is a Fresnel lens tooth structure with height difference.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of area A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a plan view of a circular sloping roof with a common Fresnel lens toothed structure.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part B in the middle.

[0025] Figure 7This is a plan view of a circular sloping roof with a special Fresnel lens toothed structure.

[0026] Figure 8 The plan of a rectangular sloping roof with a special Fresnel lens toothed structure.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a plan view of a rectangular sloping roof with a common Fresnel lens toothed structure.

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part C in the middle.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the light focusing working condition of an ordinary large Fresnel lens on a slope roof.

[0030] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the focusing working condition of the Fresnel small lens on a sloping roof with an ordinary Fresnel large lens.

[0031] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the light focusing working condition of a special large Fresnel lens on a sloped roof.

[0032] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the focusing working condition of the small Fresnel lens on the slope roof of the special large Fresnel lens.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the working conditions during the day in winter.

[0034] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the working conditions at winter night.

[0035] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of summer operating conditions.

[0036] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the working conditions in spring and autumn.

[0037] In the figure: 1-Fresnel lens pitch roof; 101-Fresnel lens tooth structure of glass material; 102-Flat glass; 2-Fresnel lens; 201-Refractive mirror; 202-Fresnel lens support ring wall; 3-Sunshade curtain; 4-Slanted insulation ceiling; 5-Roof air space; 6-Ceiling insulation blinds; 7-Exterior wall structure; 8-Exterior wall insulation layer; 9-Top vent; 10-Bottom vent; 11-Floor top Plate; 12-thermal conductive pad; 13-hot water pipe; 14-floor bottom plate; 15-floor air space; 16-air space insulation louver; 17-air space insulation louver; 18-metal top plate; 19-parallel light insulation hollow column; 20-heat conductive hollow column; 21-reflective cone; 22-heat dissipation metal sheet; 221-spiral heat dissipation wire; 23-heat storage phase change material; 24-heat storage cabin insulation layer; 25-heat storage cabin shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] like Figure 1-18 , which is a sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building, including a roof structure, an exterior wall structure 7, a floor structure and a heat storage cabin 25; the roof structure includes a Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1 with a Fresnel large lens, a Fresnel small lens 2 is provided under the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1, and the Fresnel small lens 2 is arranged above the parallel light insulation hollow column 19. The Fresnel large lens and the Fresnel small lens 2 are coupled with each other, so that the light irradiated on the Fresnel large lens can be refracted by the Fresnel small lens 2 to form a converged parallel light beam after being converged, and then emitted to the parallel light insulation hollow column 19; an inclined insulation ceiling 4 is provided around the top of the parallel light insulation hollow column 19 and the lower side of the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1, and the Fresnel large lens A roof air layer 5 with a triangular cross-section is formed between the mirror slope roof 1 and the inclined insulation ceiling 4, and a number of switchable ceiling insulation shutters 6 are provided on the inclined insulation ceiling 4; the exterior wall structure 7 is located at a peripheral position below the Fresnel large lens slope roof 1, and a top vent 9 and a bottom vent 10 are provided at the top and bottom of the exterior wall structure 7 respectively; the top vent 9 is located between the Fresnel large lens slope roof 1 and the inclined insulation ceiling 4; preferably, the top vent 9 is located on the lower side of the upper end of the Fresnel large lens slope roof 1, and the bottom vent 10 is located on the side opposite to the top vent 9, which helps to increase the height of the thermal pressure ventilation and promote airflow through the central area of ​​the indoor space, acting on the human activity area.

[0039] The floor structure is located at the ground level of the building; the heat storage cabin 25 is located below the floor structure. The heat storage cabin 25 includes a heat storage cabin shell 25 and a metal top plate 18. A parallel light insulation hollow column 19 is installed above the metal top plate 18. The lower end of the parallel light insulation hollow column 19 is connected to a heat-conducting hollow column 20. A plurality of heat-dissipating metal sheets 22 are provided on the outside of the heat-conducting hollow column 20. The heat-conducting hollow column 20 and the heat-dissipating metal sheets 22 are located in a space enclosed by the heat storage cabin shell 25 and the metal top plate 18. The space is filled with a heat-storage phase change material 23.

[0040] The following are the specific structures and methods of the roof structure, exterior wall structure, floor structure and thermal storage cabin: 1. Roof structure: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The angle between the Fresnel lens pitch roof 1 and the horizontal plane is 15°-30°. The Fresnel lens pitch roof 1 is composed of a glass Fresnel lens tooth structure 101 fixed on the top and a flat glass 102 at the bottom.

[0041] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 a. Figure 3 b. Figure 4 and Figure 5The large Fresnel lens sloping roof 1 can be constructed using a conventional annular Fresnel lens. Its toothed structure 101 rests on the inclined flat glass 102 of the large Fresnel lens sloping roof 1. Below the large Fresnel lens sloping roof 1, parallel to and with the large Fresnel lens sloping roof 1, are small Fresnel lenses 2 with the same focal point. The small Fresnel lenses 2 and the large Fresnel lens sloping roof 1 have the same inclination angle. The small Fresnel lenses 2 are made of glass, with the upper portion being flat glass and the lower portion being a conventional annular Fresnel lens toothed structure. A refractive mirror 201 is positioned below the small Fresnel lenses 2.

[0042] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 a. Figure 3 c. Figure 3 d. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The large Fresnel lens pitch roof 1 can be constructed with a special Fresnel lens. Its tooth-like structure 101 is formed by cutting the thinner upper surface of a conventional lens into straight strips that fall vertically onto the sloping flat glass 102 of the large Fresnel lens pitch roof 1. This special Fresnel lens pitch roof is suitable for sloping roofs in areas with a solar altitude angle close to 90°. It can replace a horizontally placed ordinary Fresnel lens to focus nearly vertically incident sunlight, which is refracted by the small Fresnel lens 2 into vertical parallel light, which is then emitted to the parallel light insulation hollow column 19, eliminating the need for a folding mirror 201. Below the large Fresnel lens pitch roof 1, a small Fresnel lens 2 is positioned horizontally relative to the large Fresnel lens pitch roof 1, sharing the same focal point. The small Fresnel lens 2 is made of glass, with the upper portion being flat glass and the lower portion having the tooth-like structure of a conventional annular Fresnel lens. The small Fresnel lens 2 may be a Fresnel lens toothed structure with a height difference, so as to conform to the slope of the large Fresnel lens sloping roof 1 and reduce the focusing error caused by the roof slope.

[0043] like Figure 5 , Figure 7-9 The Fresnel lens pitch roof 1 can be a dome roof, which includes a complete circular Fresnel lens. The Fresnel lens pitch roof 1 can be a rectangular roof, which can be obtained by cutting a partial rectangular area of ​​a complete circular Fresnel lens.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A sunshade curtain 3 is installed immediately below the large Fresnel lens pitched roof 1 to limit solar energy absorption when energy storage is saturated. A sloped insulated ceiling 4 is installed below the sunshade curtain 3 and around the outer edge of the small Fresnel lenses 2. A triangular roof air layer 5 is formed between the large Fresnel lens pitched roof 1 and the sloped insulated ceiling 4. Several insulating ceiling louvers 6 are installed on the sloped insulated ceiling 4. These louvers are equipped with electronic controls to adjust their opening and closing status and the amount of opening.

[0045] 2.Exterior wall structure: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The exterior wall structure 7 is located at a peripheral position below the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1. An exterior wall insulation layer 8 is provided on the outside of the exterior wall structure 7. A top vent 9 is provided at the top of the exterior wall structure 7, and the top vent 9 is located between the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1 and the inclined insulation ceiling 4. A bottom vent 10 is provided at the bottom of the exterior wall structure 7 opposite to the top vent 9. Preferably, the top vent 9 is located on the lower side of the upper end of the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1, and the bottom vent 10 is located on the side opposite to the top vent 9, which helps to increase the height of the thermal pressure ventilation and promote airflow through the central area of ​​the indoor space, acting on the human activity area.

[0046] 3. Floor structure: like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 10 The floor top plate 11 is located at the ground level of the building. A thermally conductive pad 12 is provided on the underside of the floor top plate 11, and a plurality of hot water pipes 13 are provided inside the thermally conductive pad 12. A floor bottom plate 14 is provided on the underside of the thermally conductive pad 12. A floor air space 15 is provided on the underside of the floor bottom plate 14. An air space insulation louver 16 is provided in the middle of the floor air space 15. A plurality of air space insulation louvers 17 are provided on the air space insulation louvers 16. The air space insulation louvers 17 are equipped with an electronic control device, which can adjust the opening and closing state and the opening size according to the temperature of the floor air space 15.

[0047] 4. Thermal storage cabin structure: like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 10The metal top plate 18 is located below the floor air space 15. A parallel light insulation hollow column 19 is located at the center of the floor top plate 11, perpendicular to the ground. The outer wall of the parallel light insulation hollow column 19 is made of insulation material, and the interior is coated with reflective film. The upper end of the parallel light insulation hollow column 19 is connected to the inclined insulation ceiling 4 and the Fresnel lens 2, and the lower end is connected to the metal top plate 18. The upper end of the parallel light insulation hollow column 19, together with the Fresnel lens 2 and the Fresnel lens support ring wall 202, forms a sealed top structure to prevent heat dissipation. The lower end of the parallel light insulation hollow column 19 is connected to a heat-conducting hollow column 20, perpendicular to the ground. The heat-conducting hollow column 20 has the same diameter as the parallel light insulation hollow column 19. The wall of the heat-conducting hollow column 20 is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity. A reflective cone 21 is provided at the inner bottom of the heat-conducting hollow column 20. The outer periphery of the heat-conducting hollow column 20 is equipped with several radially arranged heat-dissipating metal fins 22. Spiral heat-dissipating wires 221 are spirally wound around the heat-dissipating metal fins 22, enhancing heat dissipation. Heat-storage phase-change material 23 is filled around the heat-dissipating metal fins 22. The heat-storage phase-change material 23 embeds the heat-storage metal fins 22. A heat-storage chamber insulation layer 24 surrounds the heat-storage phase-change material 23. A heat-storage chamber shell 25 is located outside the heat-storage chamber insulation layer 24. The heat-storage phase-change material 23 is preferably a molten salt heat-storage phase-change material. The shell preferably has a semicircular longitudinal cross-section to minimize surface area and heat dissipation.

[0048] Working principle of light focusing and heat storage cabin: like Figure 11 and Figure 12 When the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1 selects the ordinary annular Fresnel lens tooth structure 101, the light is focused by the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1, and is converted into gathered inclined parallel light by the Fresnel small lenses 2 with the same focus and arranged relatively parallel to the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1. The inclined parallel light is then converted into parallel light perpendicular to the ground by the refracting mirror 201.

[0049] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 When the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1 selects the special Fresnel lens toothed structure 101, the light is focused by the Fresnel large lens sloping roof 1 and converted into gathered parallel light perpendicular to the ground through the relatively horizontally arranged Fresnel small lenses 2 with the same focus.

[0050] like Figure 11 and Figure 13The parallel light enters the parallel light insulation hollow column 19, then enters the heat-conducting hollow column 20, falls on the surface of the reflective cone 21, and after being reflected by the reflective cone 21, falls on the metal outer wall of the heat-conducting hollow column 20. The metal outer wall conducts heat, transferring the heat energy converted from solar energy to the heat dissipation metal sheet 22, and further to the heat storage phase change material 23. As the temperature rises, the heat storage phase change material 23 undergoes a solid-liquid phase change, from solid to liquid, storing the heat energy. Due to the insulation effect of the floor air layer 15, the air layer insulation louvers 16, and the heat storage cabin insulation layer 24, plus the insulation effect of the underground soil itself, the heat energy can be stored until the season when it is needed.

[0051] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 During cold winter months, the underground temperature drops, causing the thermal storage phase change material 23 to undergo a liquid-to-solid phase transition, converting the liquid to a solid state and releasing heat energy. Opening the air insulation louvers 17 on the air insulation louvers 16 allows the heat energy to be transferred to the thermal pad 12 via radiation from the metal roof 18 and convection from the floor air layer 15. This heat heats the water in the hot water pipe 13 within the thermal pad 12, which then transfers further upward, heating the air in the room and raising the room temperature. The water in the hot water pipe 13 acts as a heat storage device, stabilizing the temperature of the thermal pad 12.

[0052] When this product is used, there are four working conditions as follows: Working condition 1. Figure 17 , Summer working conditions: the ceiling insulation shutters 6 are closed, the air layer insulation shutters 17 are closed, the top vents 9 are opened, and the bottom vents 10 are opened.

[0053] At this point, solar energy enters the thermal storage chamber through refraction by the dual Fresnel lens and reflection by the reflective cone 21, where it is stored in the thermal phase change material 23. The ceiling insulation louvers 6, except for the partial louvers near the top vent 9, are closed to prevent heat from the roof air layer 5 from entering the room. The air layer insulation louvers 17 are closed to prevent heat from the thermal storage chamber from entering the room. The top vent 9 and bottom vent 10 are open, utilizing the heat in the top air layer 5 to enhance the temperature difference and strengthen the thermal pressure ventilation of the room. Cool air enters through the bottom vent 10, passes through the partial louvers near the top vent 9, and is discharged through the top vent 9, effectively removing heat from the room.

[0054] Working condition 2. Figure 15 , Winter daytime working conditions: the ceiling insulation shutters 6 are opened, the air layer insulation shutters 17 are opened, the top vents 9 are closed, and the bottom vents 10 are closed.

[0055] At this point, the heat accumulated in the roof air layer 5 can enter the room through the ceiling insulation louvers 6. The heat stored in the thermal phase change material 23 can enter the room through the air layer insulation louvers 17 and the floor top plate 11. Closing the top vents 9 and bottom vents 10 prevents heat pressure ventilation and enhances the room's thermal insulation.

[0056] Working condition 3. Figure 16 , Winter night working conditions: ceiling insulation shutters 6 are closed, air layer insulation shutters 17 are opened, top vents 9 are closed, and bottom vents 10 are closed.

[0057] At this point, with the ceiling insulation louvers 6 closed, the roof air layer 5 can provide insulation. Heat stored in the thermal phase change material 23 can enter the room through the air layer insulation louvers 17. Closing the top and bottom vents 9, 10 prevents heat pressure ventilation and enhances the room's thermal insulation.

[0058] Working condition 4. Figure 18 , Spring and autumn working conditions: the ceiling insulation shutters 6 are opened, the air layer insulation shutters 17 are closed, the top vents 9 are closed, and the bottom vents 10 are closed.

[0059] At this point, the thermal storage compartment is storing heat. The heat accumulated in the roof air layer 5 can enter the room through the ceiling insulation louvers 6. The top vents 9 and bottom vents 10 are closed, blocking the heat pressure ventilation and enhancing the room's thermal insulation performance.

[0060] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features therein according to the disclosed technical content without creative labor, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seasonal energy storage building with a sloping roof and focused light, characterized by: Including roof structure, exterior wall structure, floor structure and thermal storage cabin; The roof structure includes a large Fresnel lens sloping roof with a large Fresnel lens, a small Fresnel lens disposed below the large Fresnel lens sloping roof, and a small Fresnel lens disposed above a parallel light heat-insulating hollow column. The large Fresnel lens and the small Fresnel lens are coupled to each other so that light incident on the large Fresnel lens converges and then is emitted to the parallel light heat-insulating hollow column through the small Fresnel lens. An inclined heat-insulating ceiling is disposed around the top of the parallel light heat-insulating hollow column and the underside of the large Fresnel lens sloping roof. A roof air layer with a triangular cross-section is formed between the large Fresnel lens sloping roof and the inclined heat-insulating ceiling. The inclined heat-insulating ceiling is provided with a plurality of switchable ceiling heat-insulating louvers. The exterior wall structure is located at a peripheral position below the Fresnel lens slope roof, and a top vent and a bottom vent are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the exterior wall structure; the top vent is located between the Fresnel lens slope roof and the inclined insulation ceiling; The floor structure is located at the ground level of the building; The heat storage cabin is located below the floor structure and includes a heat storage cabin shell and a metal top plate. A parallel light insulation hollow column is installed above the metal top plate. The lower end of the parallel light insulation hollow column is connected to a heat conductive hollow column. A plurality of heat dissipation metal sheets are provided outside the heat conductive hollow column. The heat conductive hollow column and the heat dissipation metal sheets are located in a space enclosed by the heat storage cabin shell and the metal top plate. The space is filled with heat storage phase change material.

2. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the large Fresnel lens sloping roof and the horizontal plane is 15°-30°; the large Fresnel lens sloping roof consists of a Fresnel lens tooth structure made of glass fixed on the top and flat glass at the bottom; the small Fresnel lens is made of glass, the upper part of the lens is flat glass, and the lower part is the Fresnel lens tooth structure.

3. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The large Fresnel lens and the small Fresnel lens are arranged in parallel. The large Fresnel lens and the small Fresnel lens have approximately the same focal point and the focal point is located between the two. A refracting mirror is provided between the small Fresnel lens and the parallel light heat-insulating hollow column to refract light into the parallel light heat-insulating hollow column.

4. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth-like structure of the large Fresnel lens sloping roof is formed by cutting the thinner upper surface of an ordinary Fresnel lens into straight strips and vertically dropping them on the inclined flat glass. The small Fresnel lens is a horizontally arranged tooth-like structure with a height difference. The small Fresnel lens is arranged close to the upper opening of the parallel light insulation hollow column.

5. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The floor structure includes a floor layer top plate, a heat-conducting pad layer is arranged on the lower side of the floor layer top plate, a plurality of hot water pipes are arranged inside the heat-conducting pad layer, a floor layer bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the heat-conducting pad layer, a floor air layer is arranged between the floor layer bottom plate and the metal top plate, an air layer insulation louver is arranged in the middle of the floor air layer, and a plurality of switchable air layer insulation louvers are arranged on the air layer insulation louver.

6. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the parallel light heat-insulating hollow column is made of heat-insulating material and is coated with a reflective film inside; the Fresnel lenslet, the parallel light heat-insulating hollow column and the supporting ring wall of the Fresnel lenslet together form a closed top structure to prevent heat dissipation.

7. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A reflective cone is provided at the inner bottom of the heat-conducting hollow column.

8. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A sunshade curtain is provided on the lower side of the Fresnel large lens slope roof.

9. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the heat storage chamber shell is a semicircular section; a heat storage chamber insulation layer is provided on the inner side or the outer side of the heat storage chamber shell.

10. The sloping roof light-focusing seasonal energy storage building according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thermal storage phase change material is a molten salt material.

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