Method for remote maintenance of complex equipment based on hierarchical-mvc-b / s integrated architecture

Abstract

The application discloses a complex equipment remote maintenance method based on a layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture. First, the maintenance content and workflow of multi-person remote cooperation are determined, and the process control in the task process is analyzed in depth. Second, the collaborative management is analyzed from the maintenance role conflict and the maintenance operation conflict, the demand permission control and the operation time sequence management are adopted, and the timeliness of multi-person cooperation is ensured. Then, the layered architecture, the MVC and the B / S architecture are fused, a remote maintenance support model based on the integrated architecture system is constructed, and the reliability and timeliness of the remote maintenance support model are ensured. Finally, the main function modules of the remote maintenance support task process are displayed, and the power energy system disassembly is taken as an experimental task to verify the effectiveness and universality of the IAR-RMS method, and the result shows that the method can effectively realize the maintenance support task under the condition of multi-person remote cooperation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of complex equipment maintenance technology, specifically relating to a remote maintenance method for complex equipment with a layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture. Background Technology

[0002] With the mechanization, electrification, and digitalization of manufacturing, the production of complex equipment has formed a very complete process and cycle. However, the maintenance of complex equipment is still at a simple maintenance stage, unable to meet actual needs, especially in terms of complete maintenance processes and operational analysis, real-time maintenance, and comprehensive improvement of maintenance methods. Currently, in maintenance processes exemplified by the aerospace field, due to the strong engineering application and the difficulty in accessing actual maintenance sites, traditional maintenance methods have shown more limitations. In particular, the design and implementation of maintenance work during the engineering design phase cannot rely on physical prototypes, greatly limiting the control over the quality of maintenance implementation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a remote, real-time, and collaborative technology to improve existing maintenance work for complex equipment maintenance tasks.

[0003] With the continuous development of augmented reality (AR) technology, new breakthroughs have been made in equipment maintenance analysis and methods, especially when considering complex maintenance situations involving multiple people. Augmented reality (AR) technology is a technology that integrates virtual information with the real world. It is a process of superimposing computer-generated models, actions, interactive information, and other virtual information onto the real world through various technical means such as 3D modeling and human-computer interaction. In existing technologies, the literature [YANG Y, YANG P, LI J, et al. Research on virtual haptic disassembly platform considering disassembly process[J / OL]. Neurocomputing, 2019, 348:74–81.] developed a more realistic virtual haptic disassembly platform, thereby improving the efficiency of disassembly training and learning; the literature [KONSTANTINIDIS FK, KANSIZOGLOU I, SANTAVAS N, et al. MARMA: A Mobile Augmented RealityMaintenance Assistant for Fast-Track Repair Procedures in the Context of Industry 4.0[J / OL]. Machines, 2020, 8(4): 88.] proposed a user-centered AR-assisted maintenance method, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency of substation machines; the literature [LIU C, ZHANG Z, TANG D, et al. Amixed perception-based human-robot collaborative maintenance approach driven by augmented reality and online deep reinforcement learning[J / OL]. Robotics and [Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 2023, 83: 102568.] proposes a human-machine collaborative maintenance method based on hybrid perception, which helps maintenance personnel interact with collaborative robots to perform auxiliary maintenance tasks without being limited by space and human factors.The literature [CHEN C, TIAN Z, LI D, et al. Projection-based augmented reality system for assembly guidance and monitoring[J / OL]. AssemblyAutomation, 2020, 41(1): 10-23.] proposes a projection-based augmented reality system to improve the efficiency of assembly guidance and monitoring. In summary, augmented reality technology can effectively realize the maintenance guidance process by overlaying information, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and reducing maintenance time costs.

[0004] Although augmented reality-based maintenance (AR-assisted maintenance) is a current research hotspot in maintenance work, its application in the maintenance of complex equipment still faces challenges, especially in multi-person collaborative remote maintenance methods. 1) Incomplete maintenance guidance information and processes. Maintenance of complex equipment is usually carried out through multi-party cooperation, with equipment users and spare parts manufacturers working together to complete the process. A complete maintenance process requires significant manpower and material resources, and its timeliness cannot meet the maintenance needs of current complex equipment. 2) Conflicts in maintenance collaboration control. During multi-person collaborative maintenance, issues arise such as simultaneous operations or operational conflicts, leading to errors or omissions in maintenance work, seriously affecting the safety and reliability of equipment. 3) Incomplete traditional remote collaboration models. Traditional remote collaboration models suffer from low collaborative efficiency in complex maintenance scenarios due to the knowledge limitations of single-point support models, the lack of real-time multi-expert collaboration platforms, fragmented information, and chaotic status management. Therefore, AR-based AR-assisted maintenance urgently requires a multi-layered, multi-angle, and multi-dimensional remote maintenance support technology to meet the needs of increasingly complex maintenance systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the challenges of remote assisted maintenance involving multiple personnel, this application proposes an augmented reality-based layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture for remote maintenance of complex equipment, namely IAR-RMS. This method forms a complete remote maintenance collaboration framework, enabling faster completion of maintenance tasks for multiple personnel in different locations and improving the maintenance and support efficiency of complex equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A remote maintenance method for complex equipment with a layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture, the maintenance method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, Obtain remote maintenance support guidance information and classify the remote maintenance support guidance information;

[0009] S2, based on the remote maintenance support guidance information, divide the remote maintenance support tasks into general simple tasks and complex equipment tasks, establish a process for each remote maintenance support task, and realize the interaction and transmission of information in the remote maintenance support task process.

[0010] For the aforementioned simple task, firstly, the physical equipment and the personnel related to the task are identified. Secondly, human-computer interaction is performed between the physical equipment and the corresponding virtual model to complete the information transmission in the simple task process.

[0011] For the complex equipment mission, the process of the complex equipment mission is analyzed, and the maintenance content of the complex equipment mission is planned according to the maintenance manual and related technical data of the complex equipment, and a remote maintenance support mission process framework is constructed.

[0012] S3 coordinates and manages different remote maintenance support tasks, establishing two control methods: access control for maintenance roles and time management for maintenance operations, respectively, from the perspectives of maintenance role conflicts and maintenance operation conflicts.

[0013] S4. Based on the remote maintenance support task process framework and remote maintenance support collaborative management method, design a remote maintenance support model based on a layered architecture, MVC and B / S integrated architecture system to realize remote maintenance support tasks with multiple people working together.

[0014] Furthermore, the access control method for maintenance roles is as follows: First, it is necessary to conduct a maintenance role system analysis for personnel, and divide front-line maintenance personnel and back-end remote experts into different work roles;

[0015] Based on the remote maintenance support collaboration process, each work role is initially matched with the requirements, forming a maintenance role permission planning table that corresponds to each work role and the actual work requirements.

[0016] Based on the aforementioned maintenance role permission planning table, design operation permissions for each person.

[0017] Furthermore, the time-series management method for maintenance operations is specifically as follows:

[0018] When multiple roles operate on the same object simultaneously, conflicts arise, which can be categorized into object-oriented and user-oriented scenarios. The solution involves locking the object or user permissions based on the selected time. Specifically:

[0019] First, a virtual space is established based on augmented reality technology.

[0020] In object-oriented time-series management, all objects and their sub-objects in the virtual space are initially in an unselected state. Any user with virtual-real interaction permissions can operate on them. When a user selects an object, the object is converted from an inactive state to an active state and displayed in the display space of all users. At the same time, the system locks the control of the active object to the user who first triggered the activation according to the time sequence, ensuring the exclusivity of the operation.

[0021] In user-oriented time series management, user operation permissions are first clearly defined, and a corresponding authorized user database is established for each object. When a user in the user database starts to operate on one of the objects, the system immediately closes the corresponding operation permissions of other users on that object until the current operation is completed, thereby ensuring that only a single user has the operation right at any given time.

[0022] Furthermore, the remote maintenance support model adopts a layered architecture design, including a presentation layer, a communication layer, an access layer, a storage layer, and a service layer.

[0023] Furthermore, the display layer displays the interface through both AR glasses and PC terminals, and the operation information is transmitted to the view layer to realize interface rendering; the communication layer uses HTTP / HTTPS to realize protocol conversion and transmission; the access layer uses nginx to realize load balancing and interacts with the control layer; the storage layer uses structured data MySQL to ensure data persistence and inputs the data into the model layer; the service layer deploys each business function separately.

[0024] Furthermore, the MVC architecture adopts the software design pattern of Web development, which includes three collaborative components: the model layer, the view layer, and the controller layer. The model layer is used to encapsulate business rules and data logic processing; the view layer is used to present the data information of the model layer to the user interface; and the controller layer is used to receive user input commands, call the model layer to execute business operations, and pass the processing results to the view layer for display.

[0025] Furthermore, the B / S architecture, based on the two-tier C / S architecture, centralizes the core functions of the system on the server. The B / S architecture includes a presentation layer, a logic layer, and a persistence layer. The presentation layer, as the top layer, directly faces the user, receives user instructions through the browser, and passes them to the logic layer. The logic layer is used to execute business logic, process requests from the presentation layer, return data, and initiate database operation requests. The persistence layer is used for data storage and management, enabling CRUD operations on the data.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] 1) A method for designing and analyzing remote maintenance support processes is proposed. This method organizes and categorizes the maintenance guidance information required during remote maintenance support tasks, providing support for remote maintenance support process analysis. Based on this, an overall process framework for remote maintenance support tasks is constructed, clarifying the transmission and interaction of maintenance guidance information during the task process. Finally, the process control of remote maintenance support tasks is analyzed to manage process interactions during support.

[0028] 2) A remote maintenance support collaborative management analysis method is proposed to avoid operational conflicts during multi-person collaboration. This method divides collaborative conflicts into maintenance role conflicts and maintenance operation conflicts. Maintenance role conflicts are distinguished based on the different task functions of the participants, and corresponding permissions are specified. Maintenance operation conflicts address the problem of multiple people operating the same object simultaneously, and two time-series management methods are established to avoid operational conflicts.

[0029] 3) A remote maintenance support model based on a layered, MVC, and B / S integrated architecture is proposed to realize multi-person collaborative remote maintenance support tasks. The model clarifies the interrelationships among the three components of the integrated architecture and explains the working mechanisms of the MVC and B / S architectures to ensure the reliability and timeliness of the remote maintenance support model. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the remote maintenance support task process of this invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the maintenance process control flow of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the relationships between maintenance roles in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the object-oriented time series management process in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the user-oriented time series management process in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the overall architecture of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the MVC architecture supporting remote maintenance in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a B / S framework diagram for remote maintenance support in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the remote maintenance method for complex equipment using a layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture, as described in this application.

[0039] Figure 9 This is an application scenario diagram of the augmented reality technology provided in the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The content mentioned in the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] To address the challenges of remote assisted maintenance involving multiple personnel, this application proposes a layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture for remote maintenance of complex equipment. This enables rapid completion of remote, multi-person collaborative maintenance support tasks, ensuring the efficiency of complex equipment maintenance. First, addressing the issue of incomplete maintenance guidance information and processes, a remote maintenance support process design and analysis method is proposed, clarifying the workflow of multi-person remote collaborative maintenance and serving as the foundation for subsequent content. Second, a remote maintenance support collaborative management and analysis method is proposed to avoid role or operational conflicts during multi-person collaboration. Finally, a remote maintenance support model based on a layered architecture, MVC, and B / S integrated architecture is proposed to realize multi-person collaborative remote maintenance support tasks, ensuring the reliability and timeliness of remote maintenance support tasks.

[0042] This embodiment presents a method for remote maintenance of complex equipment using a layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture. The process framework is shown in Figure 8, and mainly includes four steps:

[0043] Step 1: Remote Maintenance Support Process Design and Analysis

[0044] First, the maintenance guidance information required for remote maintenance support tasks is organized and categorized, including important information such as maintenance content and fault conditions. Second, a remote maintenance support task process framework is constructed, clarifying the interaction and transmission of information within the maintenance task process. Finally, the process control during the task is analyzed in depth to ensure that the process is efficient and stable.

[0045] Step Two: Remote Maintenance Support Collaborative Management Analysis:

[0046] The remote maintenance support collaborative management analysis clarifies both maintenance role conflicts and maintenance operation conflicts. Maintenance role conflicts are addressed by differentiating participants based on their task responsibilities and assigning corresponding permissions. Maintenance operation conflicts address the issue of multiple people simultaneously operating the same object, and two time-series management methods are established to prevent the occurrence of operation conflicts.

[0047] Step 3: Building a remote maintenance support model based on an integrated architecture:

[0048] To address the shortcomings of traditional remote collaboration models, a remote maintenance support model based on a layered architecture, MVC, and B / S integrated architecture is proposed to enable multi-user collaborative remote maintenance support tasks. First, layered, MVC, and B / S architectures are integrated to construct a unified architecture system. Second, relationships are established between the sub-functional modules in the MVC and layered architectures, clarifying the relationships between the models. Finally, the specific processes of the B / S architecture are defined to ensure the reliability and timeliness of the remote maintenance support model.

[0049] Step 4: IAR-RMS Method Verification:

[0050] To verify the effectiveness of the proposed IAR-RMS method, this application further applies maintenance collaboration technology to conduct research on the prototype implementation and case application of a collaborative maintenance system. On the one hand, the operation flow and actual interface of the main sub-functional modules of the remote maintenance support system are demonstrated; on the other hand, taking the vehicle powertrain system as the maintenance object, the remote maintenance support system is used to achieve rapid maintenance support for the powertrain system, improve maintenance efficiency, shorten troubleshooting time, and reduce maintenance errors caused by misoperation or misunderstanding.

[0051] The implementation process of this application will be discussed in detail below:

[0052] To address the issue of incomplete maintenance guidance information and processes, this embodiment systematically constructs and clarifies the workflow for multi-person remote collaborative maintenance, providing a foundation for subsequent collaborative control and remote maintenance support models.

[0053] First, the maintenance guidance information required for remote maintenance support tasks is organized and categorized, including important information such as maintenance content and fault conditions. Second, a remote maintenance support task process framework is constructed, clarifying the interaction and transmission of information within the maintenance task process. Finally, the process control during the task is analyzed in depth to ensure that the process is efficient and stable.

[0054] Maintenance guidance information is the foundation for information exchange during remote maintenance support. It includes the physical parameters, structural components, maintenance content, maintenance resources, and fault conditions required by relevant personnel during the maintenance process. It has a significant impact on whether remote maintenance support can be carried out, as shown in Table 1.

[0055] Table 1 Typical Maintenance Guidance Information

[0056]

[0057] Remote maintenance support involves the flow and transmission of various maintenance guidance information, completed through interaction with personnel. Augmented reality technology and an integrated architecture are used to control the display and expression of this information. Remote maintenance support methods for complex equipment utilize augmented reality spatial scene visualization technology and human-computer interaction to enable participants to receive, read, transmit, and share maintenance guidance information. Simultaneously, a networked approach is used to visualize personnel and information from different endpoints, improving the coordination and user-friendliness of remote maintenance support and enhancing information flow during the maintenance process.

[0058] The implementation of a typical simple remote maintenance support (RMS) task first requires identifying the physical equipment and relevant personnel. Typically, these personnel consist of frontline maintenance staff and remote experts. Secondly, human-computer interaction is conducted between the physical equipment and its corresponding virtual model to ensure effective information transfer within the remote maintenance support task process, thus forming a complete task loop. However, complex equipment, due to its inherent structural complexity, diverse failure states, and unique operating environment, presents complex and redundant remote maintenance support workflows, making overall remote maintenance support more challenging. Therefore, this section analyzes the remote maintenance support task process for complex equipment. Based on the maintenance manuals and related technical documents, the maintenance content for complex equipment is planned, and a remote maintenance support task process framework is constructed to improve the efficiency of remote maintenance support tasks.

[0059] Based on the maintenance manuals and related technical data of complex equipment, the remote maintenance support content is systematically sorted out and designed, including the maintenance methods, maintenance levels, maintenance job types, and maintenance actions for complex equipment. This forms a clear, efficient, and standardized remote maintenance support process, guiding maintenance personnel to accurately and safely complete the maintenance and support tasks for complex equipment, as shown in Table 2.

[0060] Table 2 Remote Repair Support Content

[0061]

[0062] The lack of a unified process framework in remote maintenance support results in minimal improvement in maintenance efficiency during actual operation. Therefore, based on the maintenance content of remote maintenance support and the actual maintenance procedure requirements, a remote maintenance support task process framework was constructed, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0063] First, for complex equipment requiring maintenance, frontline maintenance personnel transmit the fault information to remote experts, who then jointly determine the fault location and isolation process. Second, both parties jointly determine the maintenance level and method for the equipment, typically employing a basic level and a relay level for remote maintenance support. Next, based on the fault situation, maintenance level, and method, the required maintenance resources are identified and selected by the maintenance personnel from a resource library. Finally, combining existing case studies and maintenance procedures, both parties comprehensively consider the information and present it to the frontline maintenance personnel using various interactive methods such as images and videos. Experts simultaneously provide guidance and inspection, collaboratively completing the remote maintenance support task for complex equipment.

[0064] Maintenance process control is a crucial component of remote maintenance support. As the structural support for maintenance guidance information, it involves interactive process management oriented towards participating personnel. By combining workflow management and augmented reality technologies, maintenance processes from different endpoints are merged and displayed uniformly, providing editable functionality. This allows personnel in different roles to conveniently and effectively manage maintenance steps using the remote maintenance support process. The remote maintenance support guidance information within the process control serves as the interactive foundation for the maintenance process. Maintenance personnel and experts exchange guidance information through the remote maintenance support model, which acts as the core module, managing the entire maintenance task. The specific remote maintenance support process control procedure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0065] First, frontline maintenance personnel transmit remote maintenance support guidance information to remote experts via the remote maintenance support model. Second, remote experts, based on the guidance information, develop a preliminary maintenance procedure and transmit it to the frontline maintenance personnel through the remote collaborative control submodule. Then, the experts use the case library submodule to select similar fault cases and demonstrate them to the maintenance personnel. Finally, the maintenance personnel implement the maintenance steps based on the information obtained from the remote maintenance support model and provide real-time guidance information, thereby synchronously adjusting the maintenance procedure and achieving the goal of remote maintenance support process control.

[0066] To address the conflict issues in collaborative maintenance control, a remote maintenance support collaboration process is proposed to avoid role control or operational conflicts during multi-person collaborative processes. This method clarifies both maintenance role conflicts and maintenance operation conflicts. For maintenance role conflicts, it differentiates participants based on their different task functions and assigns corresponding permissions. For maintenance operation conflicts, it addresses the issue of multiple people simultaneously operating the same object and establishes two time-series management methods to prevent the transmission of operational conflicts.

[0067] For maintenance roles, a detailed analysis can be conducted on two levels: the role system of personnel in the collaborative system and the different permissions they possess.

[0068] 1) Maintenance Role System Analysis:

[0069] Starting from the original requirements of the module architecture, the first step is to analyze the role system for personnel, specifically dividing the work roles of front-line maintenance personnel and back-end remote experts, including maintenance personnel, technical support personnel, managers, decision-makers, evaluators, and analysts. The relationships between these roles are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0070] Among them, maintenance personnel are responsible for on-site maintenance practice and may require assistance and guidance due to unfamiliarity with equipment structure or operating procedures. Technical support personnel do not directly participate in maintenance but possess professional knowledge of equipment structure, fault diagnosis, and maintenance procedures. They can assess problems based on the on-site situation and provide technical guidance to maintenance personnel. Management personnel are responsible for the coordinated allocation of maintenance resources, matching appropriate technical support personnel according to the characteristics of the maintenance object and the fault type to ensure efficient connection between both ends of the maintenance network. Decision-makers are responsible for formulating overall maintenance plans and organizing their implementation, assigning tasks and making execution decisions based on fault modes and solution libraries. Evaluation personnel are responsible for verifying the functional performance recovery status of the equipment after maintenance, evaluating the maintenance effect based on product standard indicators, identifying residual problems, providing feedback on results, and determining whether the equipment can return to production. Analysts are responsible for monitoring the entire maintenance process and the operational efficiency of the collaborative network, conducting maintenance cost-benefit analysis, and multi-dimensional evaluation of the collaborative system.

[0071] Based on the remote maintenance support collaboration process, a preliminary mapping of the above personnel's needs can be performed, resulting in a table showing the actual work requirements of different personnel, as shown in Table 3. Different personnel roles lead to different priorities in network allocation. From a needs perspective, port design can make the usage of each user more closely aligned with actual conditions.

[0072] Table 3. Correspondence between Maintenance Role Requirements

[0073]

[0074] 2) Access Control Settings and Management:

[0075] Different permissions are set for different users during the design phase. For example, personnel responsible for a specific part can only operate on objects within that part. In the remote maintenance support collaboration system, different user roles have clearly defined permission requirements based on their responsibilities. Actual maintenance personnel and technical support personnel need virtual scene interaction and control permissions; managers and decision-makers do not require such permissions. The core responsibility of evaluators is to assess the overall smoothness of the collaboration process and maintenance work, rather than recording maintenance details. Analysts focus on problems that arise during collaboration, new failure modes, and subsequent improvement plans. Specific role permissions are shown in Table 4.

[0076] Table 4 Maintenance Role Permission Planning Table

[0077]

[0078] In this embodiment, the remote maintenance support collaboration process needs to combine augmented reality (AR) to manage both maintenance role conflicts and maintenance operation conflicts. First, based on AR technology, a virtual space composed of virtual objects is constructed, such as a 3D model of a power system generated using AR devices. Second, the virtual space based on AR technology can overlap with the 3D printed model in the real space. Finally, through a demonstration of maintenance steps in AR glasses, operations can be performed simultaneously on the 3D printed model in the real space, achieving synchronized operation. Figure 9 As shown: The display shows the screen of the AR device, i.e., the virtual space. The virtual 3D model and the 3D printed physical model are superimposed to provide maintenance guidance.

[0079] When operating on virtual models or editing maintenance procedures for augmented reality spatial displays, conflicts may arise due to multiple roles simultaneously operating on the same object. Therefore, this application employs a time-series management approach, dividing the process into object-oriented and user-oriented methods, locking objects or user permissions based on the activation timing.

[0080] In object-oriented time-series management, all objects and their sub-objects in the virtual space are initially inactive, and any user with virtual-real interaction permissions can operate on them, as shown in Figure 4(a). When a user clicks on an object, the object will be converted from an inactive state to an active state and displayed in the display space of all users; at the same time, the system, according to the time sequence, locks the control of the active object to the user who first triggered the activation, ensuring their exclusive operation.

[0081] In user-oriented time-series management, the system first clearly defines user operation permissions and establishes a corresponding authorized user database for each object, as shown in Figure 4(b). When a user in the user database starts operating on an object, the system immediately closes the corresponding operation permissions of other users on that object until the current operation is completed, thereby ensuring that only a single user has the right to operate at any given time.

[0082] Both object-oriented and user-oriented time-series management determine user activation order based on system time. Their advantages include: accurate automatic system determination, avoiding sequence conflicts caused by simultaneous operations; and an intuitive and reliable time-locking mechanism that ensures the operator's interactive demonstrations are not interfered with by other users' clicks. In comparison, user-oriented strategies are more complex, requiring finer-grained classification and definition of system permissions and storing the correspondence between users and virtual objects, resulting in higher system complexity. Therefore, object-oriented time-series management is more widely used.

[0083] To address the shortcomings of traditional remote collaboration models, this embodiment proposes a remote maintenance support model based on a layered architecture, MVC, and B / S integrated architecture, enabling multi-user collaborative remote maintenance support tasks. First, it integrates layered, MVC, and B / S architectures to construct an integrated architecture system. Second, it establishes relationships between the sub-functional modules in the MVC and layered architectures, clarifying the relationships between models. Finally, it defines the specific processes of the B / S architecture to ensure the reliability and timeliness of the remote maintenance support model.

[0084] The remote maintenance support model adopts a layered architecture design, including a presentation layer, communication layer, access layer, storage layer, and service layer. Simultaneously, it integrates this layered architecture with MVC and B / S architectures to construct an integrated architecture system. Specifically, the presentation layer displays the interface through both AR glasses and PC clients, and transmits operational information to the View layer for interface rendering; the communication layer uses HTTP / HTTPS for protocol conversion and acts as a transmission bridge; the access layer uses nginx to achieve load balancing and interacts with the Controller layer to prevent the propagation of single points of failure; the storage layer uses structured data MySQL to ensure data persistence and inputs data into the Model layer. The service layer deploys each business function separately, combining the Service and Model layers to achieve complete functionality. A detailed integrated architecture is shown below.

[0085] The service layer comprises 12 sub-modules: login, homepage statistics, my remote support, scheduled remote support, remote support process recording, real-time monitoring, remote support collaboration, knowledge base classification, knowledge base, user management, and role management. The login sub-module handles user authentication and session management, ensuring functionality through credential verification and permission allocation. The homepage statistics sub-module visually displays the real-time status of key business indicators and provides data summaries in charts. The "My Remote Support" sub-module provides an entry point for personal remote repair support tasks, supporting instant collaboration and scheduled collaboration. The scheduled remote support sub-module manages remote repair support appointments for repair personnel and experts. The repair support process recording sub-module records remote repair support data throughout the entire process. The real-time monitoring sub-module dynamically tracks the remote repair support process, providing real-time feedback on visuals and workflows. The remote support collaboration sub-module provides multi-user collaboration tools to support real-time remote repair. The knowledge base classification sub-module structures knowledge data, enabling multi-dimensional classification and tagging management; the knowledge base stores technical documents and repair cases. The user management sub-module maintains the system account lifecycle. The role management sub-module defines permission templates and assigns functional scopes. The menu management sub-module dynamically configures the system navigation structure, generating personalized menu trees based on role permissions.

[0086] MVC (Model-View-Controller) is a classic software design pattern widely used in web development. Its core architecture comprises three independent, collaborative components: the Model layer, the View layer, and the Controller layer. The Model layer encapsulates business rules and data logic processing; the View layer focuses on presenting the model's data to the user interface; and the Controller layer acts as an intermediary, receiving user input, calling the model in the Model layer to execute business operations, and passing the processing results back to the View layer for display. This clear division of responsibilities ensures high cohesion and decoupling among the three components, significantly reducing inter-module dependencies and code redundancy, and effectively improving the overall quality and maintainability of the software. The application of the MVC framework in remote maintenance support models mainly involves the following three aspects, with the workflow as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0087] 1) The Model layer is used for remote maintenance support model processing of maintenance business data logic, including maintenance object information, user information, and other maintenance guidance information. For example, data storage, verification, and updating.

[0088] 2) The View layer is used for the remote maintenance support model display layer to implement dual-end interface rendering. It is responsible for displaying the data received from the model and providing the user interface. For example, the AR glasses end displays the 3D model, and the PC end displays the remote maintenance support interface.

[0089] 3) The controller layer is used by the remote maintenance support model to process user input received from the view layer and update the model and view based on the user input. For example, it receives user operations and verifies resources and permissions.

[0090] Based on the MVC architecture, the remote maintenance support model effectively decouples data logic processing, the presentation layer, and user interaction control. This separation significantly improves the system's modularity, making the module structure clearer and facilitating subsequent maintenance and functional expansion. Simultaneously, the application of the MVC pattern enhances module security, operational stability, and portability, laying a solid technical foundation for the reliable operation and efficient management of remote maintenance support services.

[0091] B / S architecture (Browser / Server) is a network architecture pattern that extends the traditional two-tier C / S (Client / Server) architecture to a three-tier architecture. It centralizes the core functionality of the system on the server, simplifying system development, maintenance, and use. Systems designed based on B / S architecture use browsers as clients, and the core functionalities are all processed on the server, making system upgrades and maintenance much simpler. Furthermore, B / S architecture systems require no special installation; only a web browser is needed. Most of the system logic is implemented in the backend, while the frontend primarily handles data rendering. Therefore, considering the actual needs of remote maintenance support models, flexibility is enhanced.

[0092] A system based on the B / S architecture can be divided into three layers: the presentation layer, the logic layer, and the persistence layer, which communicate with each other. The specific B / S architecture structure is as follows: Figure 7 The left half of the image is shown.

[0093] The presentation layer, as the top layer, directly faces the user, receiving user commands through the browser and passing them to the business layer. The logic layer is the core processing unit, responsible for executing business logic, processing requests from the presentation layer and returning data, and initiating database operation requests to the next layer when necessary. The persistence layer is used for data storage and management, implementing persistent operations such as adding, deleting, modifying, and querying data. Each layer has a clear division of labor, forming a collaborative workflow for user interaction, business processing, and data storage.

[0094] The remote maintenance support model adopts a B / S architecture, with a three-tier structure consisting of a browser, an application service layer, and a data storage layer. The browser is responsible for presenting the user interface, receiving user operations and input information, and submitting them to the application service layer. The application service layer is the core of business logic processing; it receives instructions from the browser, executes corresponding operations, and passes the processing results or operation requests to the data storage layer. The data storage layer is responsible for interacting with the database, completing operations such as persistent data storage and updates. (See detailed process...) Figure 7 The right half is shown.

[0095] This invention has many specific applications. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of this invention, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for remote maintenance of complex equipment based on layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture, characterized in that, The maintenance method The method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining remote maintenance support guide information, and classifying the remote maintenance support guide information; S2, according to the remote maintenance support guide information, dividing remote maintenance support tasks into general simple tasks and complex equipment tasks, establishing a process for each remote maintenance support task, and realizing information interaction and transmission in the remote maintenance support task process; For the general simple task, first, the equipment entity object and the task-related personnel are determined, and then human-computer interaction is performed on the equipment entity object and the corresponding virtual model to complete the transmission of information in the simple task process; For the complex equipment task, the process of the complex equipment task is analyzed, the maintenance content of the complex equipment task is planned according to the maintenance manual and related technical data of the complex equipment, and a remote maintenance support task process framework is constructed; S3, collaborative management is performed on different remote maintenance support tasks, two control modes of role-oriented permission control and operation-oriented time sequence management are established from the aspects of maintenance role conflict and maintenance operation conflict; the operation-oriented time sequence management mode specifically comprises: When multiple roles simultaneously operate on the same object, conflicts occur, which are divided into object-oriented and user-oriented situations, and the selected time is used to lock the object or lock the user permission, specifically: First, a virtual space is established based on augmented reality technology, In the object-oriented time sequence management, all objects and their sub-objects in the virtual space are initially in an unselected state, and any user with virtual-real interaction permission can operate on them, when a user selects an object, the object is converted from an inactive state to an active state and appears in the display space of all users; at the same time, the system grants the control right of the active object to the user who triggered the activation first according to the time sequence, ensuring the operation exclusivity; In the user-oriented time sequence management, first, the user operation permission is defined, and an authorized user library corresponding to each object is established, when a user in the user library starts to operate one of the objects, the system immediately closes the corresponding operation permission of other users on the object, and reopens it only after the current operation is completed, thereby ensuring that only a single user has the operation right at the same time; S4, according to the remote maintenance support task process framework and the remote maintenance support collaborative management mode, a remote maintenance support model based on a hierarchical architecture, an MVC and a B / S integrated architecture system is designed to realize multi-person collaborative remote maintenance support tasks, and the remote maintenance support model adopts hierarchical architecture design, including a display layer, a communication layer, an access layer, a storage layer and a service layer.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The role-oriented permission control mode specifically comprises: first, a maintenance role system analysis is performed on personnel, and front-line maintenance personnel and back-end remote expert personnel are divided into different work roles; According to the remote maintenance support collaborative process, the work roles are preliminarily corresponded according to the needs, and a maintenance role permission planning table corresponding to the work roles and actual work needs is formed; According to the maintenance role permission planning table, operation permissions are designed for each person.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The display layer displays interface through AR glasses and PC, and operation information is transmitted to view layer to realize interface rendering; the communication layer realizes protocol conversion through HTTP / HTTPS and serves as transmission; The access layer realizes balanced load through nginx and interacts with the control layer; the storage layer adopts structured data MySQL to ensure data persistence and input data into the model layer; the service layer separately deploys various business functions.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture of complex equipment remote maintenance method is characterized in that, The MVC architecture adopts a software design pattern of Web development, and contains three cooperative components of model layer, view layer and controller layer, wherein the model layer is used for encapsulating business rules and data logic processing; the view layer is used for presenting data information of the model layer to a user interface; the controller layer is used for receiving user input instructions, calling the model layer to execute business operations, and transmitting processing results to the view layer for display.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the layered-MVC-B / S integrated architecture of complex equipment remote maintenance method is characterized in that, The B / S architecture, on the basis of the two-layer C / S architecture, concentrates the core part of system function implementation on a server, and contains a presentation layer, a logic layer and a persistence layer, wherein the presentation layer directly faces users as a top layer, receives user instructions through a browser and transmits the instructions to the logic layer; the logic layer is used for executing business logic, returning data after processing a request from the presentation layer, and initiating a database operation request; the persistence layer is used for data storage and management, and realizes operations of adding, deleting, modifying and inquiring data.

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