High-pressure visual large-scale water invasion physical simulation experiment device

Abstract

The invention provides a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device which comprises a simulation system used for carrying out a water invasion physical simulation experiment, the simulation system comprises a shell, a cavity is formed in the shell, and a high-pressure visual sealing upper cover is installed at the top of the cavity; the cavity is filled with a rock core; a filtering side plate is arranged in the cavity, the filtering side plate is close to one inner side wall of the cavity, and a cavity formed between the filtering side plate and the inner side wall serves as an edge bottom water cavity and is used for injecting fluid into the rock core; according to the invention, the water invasion process can be truly simulated indoors; through a physical simulation experiment of bottom water gas reservoir depletion exploitation, a water invasion rule and change data of each parameter along with time are obtained, a water invasion process of a gas reservoir section is simulated through a physical model, and real-time monitoring of a water invasion section condition is realized by using a visual monitoring means.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and particularly relates to a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the water invasion physical simulation experiment applied to the field of oil and gas field development includes one-dimensional physical models (conventional micro-fluid displacement experiments, thin tubes) and two-dimensional physical models (long core experiments, thin-layer three-dimensional model experiments, such as visual plane models).

[0003] In the early stage, researchers studied the microcosmic seepage mechanism of gas-water two-phase after water invasion in gas reservoirs through homogeneous pores, fracture-pore models, gas-water two-phase visual artificial physical models of strata and laser etching technology. The model has the advantages of truly reflecting the pore structure characteristics of rocks and enabling the flow process of fluid in porous media to be directly observed through microscopic photography. The model more profoundly reveals and reflects the relationship between the pore structure of rocks and the fluid displacement process, fluid distribution, formation mode of trapped gas and seepage characteristics. The model has the disadvantage that although the etching experiment understands the gas-water two-phase seepage mechanism from the microcosmic mechanism, the research range is narrow and the water invasion process after the change of production conditions cannot be simulated.

[0004] The core experiment is different from the full-diameter long core series-parallel combination model. The core experiment adopts the established fracture gas reservoir water invasion dynamic physical simulation experiment system to simulate the water invasion dynamic law and influencing factors of bottom water gas reservoirs. The core simulation experiment has the advantages of being able to simulate different gas reservoir geology and development conditions, reproducing the development process of gas reservoirs, having repeatability of physical simulation, being able to test and compare the accuracy and applicability of different analysis methods, and being able to statistically analyze the gas production and water production in comparison with the traditional mechanism experiment. The core simulation experiment has the disadvantage that the conventional two-dimensional core experiment is point-like water injection and cannot reflect the water content profile distribution characteristics of the reservoir, and it is difficult to accurately characterize the actual production performance of gas wells. At the same time, the experiment has the defect of invisibility and it is difficult to visually determine the water invasion distance. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device, which solves the problem of point-like water injection of the existing water invasion physical simulation experiment device and the inability to reflect the water content profile distribution characteristics of the reservoir.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

[0007] The high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device provided by the application comprises a simulation system for performing water invasion physical simulation experiments, and the simulation system comprises a shell, and a cavity is arranged in the shell.

[0008] The top of the cavity is provided with a high-pressure visual sealing upper cover.

[0009] The cavity is filled with a core;

[0010] The inside of the cavity is provided with a filter side plate, which is close to an inner side wall of the cavity and forms a cavity with the inner side wall as a edge-bottom water cavity for injecting fluid into the core.

[0011] Preferably, one side wall of the core is close to the filter side plate, and the top, bottom and remaining three side walls of the core are provided with a sealing glue layer.

[0012] Preferably, the high-pressure visual sealing upper cover comprises a frame-shaped metal pressure-bearing plate installed at the top of the cavity; tempered glass is inlaid on the metal pressure-bearing plate, and a rubber sealing ring is arranged between the tempered glass and the metal pressure-bearing plate.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of view windows are arranged on the tempered glass, and a camera is installed in each view window.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the bottom plate of the cavity, and a public interface for mounting a pressure sensor and a saturation measuring instrument is installed in each mounting hole.

[0015] Preferably, the public interface comprises an anti-rotation sleeve, a threaded sleeve and a pressure conduit, wherein the threaded sleeve is installed on the bottom plate, and the inner wall thereof is threadedly connected with the anti-rotation sleeve; the inner cavity of the anti-rotation sleeve is provided with the saturation measuring instrument and the pressure conduit, and the pressure sensor is installed in the pressure conduit; the saturation measuring instrument and the pressure sensor are embedded in the core.

[0016] Preferably, a turnover support for driving the shell to turn over is installed on the shell.

[0017] Preferably, a fastener for fastening the core is further arranged on the shell.

[0018] Preferably, a flange is arranged between the top of the cavity and the inner wall of the shell; a horizontal-vertical lattice grid is arranged on the outer end surface of the flange.

[0019] Preferably, the edge-bottom water cavity is connected with an injection system, wherein the injection system comprises a gas injection assembly for injecting gas into the simulation system and a liquid injection assembly for injecting liquid into the simulation system.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The application provides a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device, a filter side plate is arranged in the inside of a cavity, a cavity formed between the inside wall of the filter side plate cavity on one side is used as an edge and bottom water cavity, the edge and bottom water cavity can buffer and absorb impact energy of the entering fluid, and can balance forward pushing, so that the fluid can enter the core uniformly, and the water profile distribution characteristics of the reservoir can be reflected; meanwhile, a high-pressure visual sealing upper cover is arranged on the top of the cavity, the gas reservoir water invasion seepage flow characteristics under high pressure can be simulated, the defects of the conventional sand filling model under normal pressure experiment conditions are made up, the visual water invasion distance is realized, and finally the oil and gas seepage parameters such as pressure field and saturation field data can be obtained, and then the water invasion law can be analyzed.

[0022] Further, the injection system arranged includes a gas injection assembly, the gas injection assembly can simulate the gas supply condition of the surrounding reservoir of the gas reservoir development to the near wellbore zone, and is more in line with the development characteristics of the oil and gas reservoir.

[0023] Further, the high-pressure visual glass and the camera are simultaneously added, and then the water invasion path and distance can be visualized.

[0024] Further, the turnover bracket for driving the shell to turn over is arranged on the outside of the shell, the edge water and the bottom water can be displaced, the water invasion process can be more truly simulated in the laboratory, and meanwhile, the actual production dynamic of the gas well can be accurately characterized.

[0025] Further, the flange is arranged between the top of the cavity and the inner wall of the shell, the purpose of force sealing of the cavity can be achieved, and the horizontal-vertical grid plate net is arranged on the outer end surface of the flange, so as to prevent the tempered glass from protruding outward under the condition of the internal pressure of the cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a system structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of a simulation system;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a public interface structure schematic diagram;

[0029] Wherein, 1, gas booster pump 2, gas source 3, high-pressure gas tank 4, pressure regulating valve 5, constant speed and constant pressure pump 6, bottom plate 7, shell 8, edge bottom water cavity 9, gas-liquid separator 10, electronic balance 11, gas outlet valve 12, first liquid outlet valve 13, liquid inlet valve 14, second liquid outlet valve 15, gas source pressure gauge 16, pressure regulating pressure gauge 17, mounting hole 18, window 19, gas source valve 20, gas source pressure gauge 21, controller 22, air inlet valve 23, electrode point pressure gauge 24, safety valve 25, back pressure valve 26, gas flow meter 27, anti-rotation sleeve 28, threaded sleeve 29, saturation common electrode 30, saturation first layer electrode 31, saturation second layer electrode 32, saturation third layer electrode 33, pressure conduit 34, production well 35, sealing glue layer 36, reserved import and export hole 37, fixing bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular sequences of steps, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known methods, devices, and circuits are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

[0031] It is to be understood that the terminology "includes", "has", "holds", "contains" and / or "comprising", when used in this specification and in the following claims, indicates the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0032] It is also to be understood that the terminology "and / or" when used in this specification and in the following claims, refers to at least one of the items, or any combination of the items, and includes all possible combinations when dependent on two or more items.

[0033] As used in this specification and in the claims, the term "if" can be construed to mean "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [a described condition or event] is detected" can be construed to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon [the described condition or event] being detected" or "in response to [the described condition or event] being detected", depending on the context.

[0034] In addition, in the description of the application and in the following claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for distinguishing the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] Reference throughout this application to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," or other similar phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but can refer to one or more embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the embodiment provides a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device, which comprises an injection system, a simulation system, a metering system and a data acquisition and processing system, and wherein:

[0038] The injection system is connected to the simulation system to inject formation water and saturated gas into the simulation system; the outlet end of the simulation system is connected to the metering system, which is used to meter the gas-water production of the produced mixture; the data acquisition system is connected to the injection system, the simulation system and the metering system to acquire the pressure, saturation, water breakthrough time and gas-water production of the reservoir and to monitor and process data in real time.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the embodiment provides a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device, which comprises an injection system, a simulation system, a metering system and a data acquisition and processing system, and wherein:

[0041] The injection system is connected to the simulation system to inject formation water and saturated gas into the simulation system; the outlet end of the simulation system is connected to the metering system, which is used to meter the gas-water production of the produced mixture; the data acquisition system is connected to the injection system, the simulation system and the metering system to acquire the pressure, saturation, water breakthrough time and gas-water production of the reservoir and to monitor and process data in real time.

[0042] The injection system comprises a gas injection assembly, which comprises a gas booster pump 1, a gas source 2, a gas source valve 19, a gas source pressure gauge 20, an air inlet valve 22, a gas source pressure gauge 15, a high-pressure gas storage tank 3, an electrode point pressure gauge 23, a safety valve 24, a pressure regulating valve 4, a pressure regulating pressure gauge 16, an air outlet valve 11, a constant-speed constant-pressure pump 5, a first liquid outlet valve 12 and a liquid inlet valve 13, and wherein:

[0043] The gas source 2 is connected with a pressure gauge 20 and an outlet valve 22 through a gas source switch 19, the outlet valve 22 is connected with the gas booster pump 1 through a pipeline; the gas booster pump 1 is connected with the high-pressure gas storage tank 3 through a pipeline, an electrode point pressure gauge 23 is connected on the pipeline, and the output pressure is controlled through the pressure regulating valve 4, and the pressure gauge 16 connected at the end of the gas injection system is used to display the outlet pressure of the gas injection system, that is, the injection end pressure of the simulation system; the end of the gas injection system is provided with an outlet valve 11.

[0044] The other part of the injection system is a liquid injection system, a constant-speed constant-pressure pump 5 is connected with the end of the gas injection system through a pipeline and connected with the simulation system, and is used for simulating the edge and bottom water of the gas reservoir.

[0045] The outlet of the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 5 is provided with a first liquid outlet valve 12.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 The embodiment provides a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device, which comprises an injection system, a simulation system, a metering system and a data acquisition and processing system, and wherein:

[0048] The injection system is connected to the simulation system and injects formation water and saturated gas into the simulation system; the outlet end of the simulation system is connected to the metering system, and the metering system is used for metering the gas-water production of the output mixture; the data acquisition system is connected with the injection system, the simulation system and the metering system, and is used for acquiring the pressure, saturation, water breakthrough time and gas-water production of the reservoir, and monitoring and processing data in real time.

[0049] The simulation system comprises a metal steel plate shell, a cavity is arranged in the shell, a filter side plate is arranged in the cavity, the filter side plate is close to one inner side wall of the cavity, and a cavity formed between the filter side plate and the one inner side wall serves as an edge and bottom water cavity.

[0050] An edge and bottom water injection port is formed in the one inner side wall, and the edge and bottom water cavity is communicated with the injection system through the edge and bottom water injection port.

[0051] A liquid inlet valve 13 is arranged at the inlet of the edge and bottom water cavity 8.

[0052] A plurality of production wells are formed in the side wall opposite to the one inner side wall of the cavity, and the gas-liquid mixture outlets of the production wells are connected with the inlet of the metering system.

[0053] The cavity is filled with a core, and one side wall of the core is close to the filter side plate.

[0054] The top, bottom and remaining three side walls of the core are all provided with a sealing glue filling layer.

[0055] The housing is provided with a turnover bracket for driving the housing to turn over, which can be horizontally turned over by 360 degrees, and two ends of the turnover bracket are fixedly installed on the left and right side walls of the housing.

[0056] The top of the cavity is provided with a high-pressure visual sealing upper cover, which comprises a frame-shaped metal pressure-bearing plate installed on the top of the cavity.

[0057] The steel glass is inlaid with a rubber sealing ring between the steel glass and the metal pressure-bearing plate.

[0058] The bottom plate 6 of the cavity is provided with a data acquisition system.

[0059] Embodiment 4

[0060] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 The high-pressure visual large-scale water invasion physical simulation experiment device provided by the embodiment comprises an injection system, a simulation system, a metering system and a data acquisition and processing system, wherein:

[0061] The injection system is connected to the simulation system and injects formation water and saturated gas into the simulation system; the outlet end of the simulation system is connected to the metering system, and the metering system is used for metering the gas-water production of the produced mixture; the data acquisition system is connected to the injection system, the simulation system and the metering system, and is used for acquiring the pressure, saturation, water breakthrough time and gas-water production of the reservoir, and monitoring and processing data in real time.

[0062] The data acquisition system comprises a plurality of acquisition units, and the plurality of acquisition units are installed in a plurality of mounting holes formed in the bottom plate; each acquisition unit comprises a pressure sensor and a saturation measuring instrument.

[0063] The working end of the pressure sensor and the saturation measuring instrument penetrates through the mounting hole and is placed in the core.

[0064] Embodiment 5

[0065] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 The high-pressure visual large-scale water invasion physical simulation experiment device provided by the embodiment comprises an injection system, a simulation system, a metering system and a data acquisition and processing system, wherein:

[0066] The injection system is connected to the simulation system to inject formation water and saturated gas into the simulation system; the outlet end of the simulation system is connected to the metering system, which is used to meter the gas-water production of the produced mixture; the data acquisition system is connected to the injection system, the simulation system and the metering system, and is used to acquire the pressure, saturation, water breakthrough time and gas-water production of the reservoir, and to monitor and process data in real time.

[0067] The metering system comprises a gas-liquid separator 9, an electronic balance 10 and a gas flow meter 11, wherein the gas-liquid mixture outlet of the production well is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 9 through a second liquid outlet valve 14 and a back pressure valve 25.

[0068] The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 9 is connected to the electronic balance 10, which is used to meter the mass of the produced liquid.

[0069] The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 9 is connected to external equipment through a gas flow meter, which is used to meter the gas production during the development of the gas reservoir.

[0070] Through the edge and bottom water cavity and the corresponding electronic balance, the influence of water invasion of the edge and bottom water on the recovery efficiency of the gas reservoir can be studied; at the same time, the influence of different fracture development patterns, different edge and bottom water pressures and development on the development process of the gas reservoir can also be studied.

[0071] Embodiment 6

[0072] On the basis of embodiment 1, the high-pressure visual large-scale water invasion physical simulation experimental device provided in the embodiment can simulate different gas injection types by using nitrogen, carbon dioxide or natural gas as the gas source 2.

[0073] Embodiment 7

[0074] On the basis of embodiment 1, the high-pressure visual large-scale water invasion physical simulation experimental device provided in the embodiment is mainly used for pressurizing gas, the pressurization ratio is 60:1, the maximum outlet pressure is 498 Bar, and the maximum flow rate is 40 L / min.

[0075] Embodiment 8

[0076] On the basis of embodiment 1, the high-pressure visual large-scale water invasion physical simulation experimental device provided in the embodiment mainly comprises a cylinder pressure regulating valve and a precision pressure regulating valve, has high control precision and ensures the stability of the gas injection pressure during the experiment.

[0077] Embodiment 9

[0078] On the basis of embodiment 1, the high-pressure visual large-scale water invasion physical simulation experimental device provided in the embodiment adopts a high-precision back pressure valve, the maximum pressure is 10 MPa, and the control pressure is 0-10 MPa.

[0079] Embodiment 10

[0080] Based on the embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device, a flange is arranged between the top of the cavity and the inner wall of the shell.

[0081] The outer end surface of the flange is provided with a horizontal-vertical grid of grating plates, so as to prevent the glass from bulging outward in the case of internal pressure of the model.

[0082] Embodiment 11

[0083] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The embodiment provides a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device, which comprises an injection system, a simulation system, a metering system and a data acquisition and processing system, and wherein:

[0084] The injection system is connected to the simulation system and injects formation water and saturated gas into the simulation system; the outlet end of the simulation system is connected to the metering system, and the metering system is used for metering the gas-water production of the output mixture; the data acquisition system is connected to the injection system, the simulation system and the metering system, and is used for acquiring the pressure, saturation, water breakthrough time and gas-water production of the reservoir and monitoring and processing data in real time.

[0085] A public interface is mounted in each mounting hole on the bottom plate, and a pressure sensor and a saturation measuring instrument are arranged on the public interface.

[0086] The public interface comprises an anti-rotation sleeve 27, a threaded sleeve 28 and a pressure conduit 33, wherein the threaded sleeve 28 is threadedly sleeved on the anti-rotation sleeve 27, and the anti-rotation sleeve 27 is provided with a saturation measuring instrument and the pressure conduit 33 in the inner cavity.

[0087] The saturation measuring instrument is composed of a saturation common electrode 29, a saturation first layer electrode 30, a saturation second layer electrode 31 and a saturation third layer electrode 32.

[0088] A pressure sensor is mounted in the pressure conduit 33.

[0089] By using the saturation and pressure measuring points embedded in the core, the parameters in the oil and gas seepage can be measured in the non-uniform distribution and change process of the three-dimensional core, which cannot be replaced by one-dimensional and two-dimensional physical simulation experiments.

[0090] Embodiment 12

[0091] Based on the embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment method, which comprises the following steps:

[0092] Step 1, connect the pipelines of injection system, simulation system and metering system, check the air tightness of intake valve 22, safety valve 24, outlet valve 11, liquid inlet valve 13, first liquid outlet valve 12 and second liquid outlet valve 14, facilitate the subsequent experiment, ensure the safety of the experiment;

[0093] Step 2, prepare the rock sample required for the experiment, check whether the gas source 2 is safe; open the gas booster pump 1 for trial operation to ensure that the gas of the gas source 2 is stable, and add the required liquid phase solution to the edge and bottom water cavity 8 to complete the experimental preparation stage;

[0094] Step 3, turn the top of the simulation system to the upper plane, hoist the poured core into the cavity of the simulation system, and glue the top and four sides of the cavity and the core to form a sealing layer, and then install a high-pressure visual sealing cover;

[0095] Step 4, tighten the fixing bolts around the shell to fasten the core;

[0096] Step 5, use the turnover bracket to turn the simulation system to the required angle for placing; according to the experimental requirements, it can be placed horizontally, vertically or at an angle;

[0097] Step 6, start the experiment.

[0098] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-pressure visual large water invasion physical simulation experiment device, characterized in that, The simulation system comprises a shell, a cavity is arranged in the shell, wherein: A high-pressure visual sealing upper cover is mounted on the top of the cavity; The cavity is filled with a core; A filter side plate is arranged in the cavity, the filter side plate is close to an inner side wall of the cavity, and a cavity formed between the filter side plate and the inner side wall is used as a edge-bottom water cavity for injecting fluid into the core.

2. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical modeling experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One side wall of the core is close to the filter side plate, and the top, bottom and remaining three side walls of the core are provided with a sealing glue layer.

3. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical simulation experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure visual sealing upper cover comprises a frame-shaped metal pressure-bearing plate mounted on the top of the cavity, tempered glass inlaid on the metal pressure-bearing plate, and a rubber sealing ring between the tempered glass and the metal pressure-bearing plate.

4. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical modeling experiment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of view windows are arranged on the tempered glass, and each view window is fitted with a camera.

5. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical modeling experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of mounting holes are formed in the bottom plate of the cavity, and a public interface for mounting a pressure sensor and a saturation measuring instrument is mounted in each mounting hole.

6. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical modeling experiment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The public interface comprises an anti-rotation sleeve, a threaded sleeve and a pressure conduit, wherein the threaded sleeve is mounted on the bottom plate, and the inner wall thereof is threadedly connected with the anti-rotation sleeve, the saturation measuring instrument and the pressure conduit are arranged in the inner cavity of the anti-rotation sleeve, and the pressure sensor is mounted in the pressure conduit; the saturation measuring instrument and the pressure sensor are embedded in the core.

7. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical modeling experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A turnover support for driving the shell to turn over is mounted on the shell.

8. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical modeling experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fastener for fastening the core is further arranged on the shell.

9. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical modeling experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flange is arranged between the top of the cavity and the inner wall of the shell; a horizontal-vertical lattice grid is arranged on the outer end surface of the flange.

10. The high-pressure visual large water intrusion physical modeling experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge-bottom water cavity is connected with an injection system, wherein the injection system comprises a gas injection assembly for injecting gas into the simulation system, and a liquid injection assembly for injecting liquid into the simulation system.

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