An ultra-high ship identification method and system based on an adaptive noren matrix

Abstract

The application discloses an ultrahigh ship identification method and system based on an adaptive Noll matrix, relates to the field of ship safety monitoring, and comprises the following steps: first, a first matrix is used to split the laser output by a laser source, wherein the first matrix is a sea wave adaptive Noll matrix which is obtained by dynamically adjusting a phase and grading a beam angle to adapt to a sea wave environment and ship height measurement requirements; then, the offset of a detection beam is corrected in real time according to sea wave monitoring data to obtain a corrected detection beam; finally, a reflected beam formed by the corrected detection beam reflected by a ship is received, the reflected beam is analyzed to obtain the height of the ship, and early warning information is generated in combination with the average height of the sea wave. Through the above improvement, the sea wave adaptive Noll matrix is different from a traditional Noll matrix, can realize static angle grading to adapt to the height of the ship and dynamic phase adjustment to offset sea wave interference, and thus the accuracy of ultrahigh ship identification is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship safety monitoring, specifically to a method and system for identifying ultra-high-altitude ships based on an adaptive Noren matrix. Background Technology

[0002] In existing ultra-high ship identification technologies, the laser detection beam is easily deflected by wave vibrations, and the beam angle distribution is fixed, which cannot adapt to the measurement needs of different height areas from the ship's bottom to the mast. This results in low accuracy in identifying ship height and poor environmental adaptability, making it difficult to meet the needs of accurate identification in complex sea conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultra-high ship identification method and system based on an adaptive Noren matrix, in order to solve the existing problems mentioned in the background art: the laser detection beam is easily deflected by wave vibration and the beam angle distribution is fixed, which cannot adapt to the measurement needs of different height areas from the bottom of the ship to the mast, resulting in low accuracy of ship height identification, poor environmental adaptability, and difficulty in meeting the accurate identification needs under complex sea conditions.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for identifying ultra-high-altitude ships based on an adaptive Noren matrix, comprising the following steps:

[0005] The laser output from the laser source is split into beams by the first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height areas of the ship and then transmitted to the ship. The first matrix is ​​a wave-adaptive Noren matrix that adapts to the wave environment and ship height measurement requirements by dynamically adjusting the phase and grading the beam angle.

[0006] The offset of the detection beam is corrected in real time based on the wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected detection beam;

[0007] The system receives the reflected beam formed by the ship after the corrected detection beam is reflected, analyzes the reflected beam to obtain the ship's height, and generates and sends early warning information by combining it with the average wave height.

[0008] Optionally, the step of splitting the laser output from the laser source using a first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height regions of the ship and transmitting it to the ship includes:

[0009] The single laser beam output from the laser source is split into N laser beams by a beam splitter, where N is a positive integer not less than 8;

[0010] The N laser beams are input to the input end of the first matrix. Through topological reconstruction of the first matrix, the output is divided into a first angle group and a second angle group. The first angle group is an angle beam covering the area from the bottom of the ship to the water surface, and the second angle group is an angle beam covering the area from the bridge of the ship to the mast.

[0011] The detection beams of the first angle group and the second angle group are simultaneously transmitted to the corresponding height area of ​​the ship.

[0012] Optionally, the topological reconstruction of the first matrix, outputting detection beams divided into a first angle group and a second angle group, includes:

[0013] The beam parameters of the first angle group are adjusted by the second coupling coefficient of the first directional coupler in the first matrix, so that the beam spacing of the first angle group is smaller than that of the second angle group, and the beam power of the first angle group is higher than that of the second angle group. The second coupling coefficient is a proportional parameter in the first directional coupler used to distribute the beam power of the first angle group.

[0014] The beam parameters of the second angle group are adjusted by the third coupling coefficient of the second directional coupler in the first matrix, so that the beam coverage of the second angle group is greater than that of the first angle group. The third coupling coefficient is a proportional parameter in the second directional coupler used to distribute the beam power of the second angle group.

[0015] Optionally, the step of real-time correction of the probe beam offset based on wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected probe beam includes:

[0016] The wave vibration data is acquired in real time through the wave monitoring module. The wave vibration data includes a first parameter and a second parameter, wherein the first parameter is the wave vibration frequency and the second parameter is the wave vibration amplitude.

[0017] The first parameter and the second parameter are input into the first phase shifter of the first matrix. The first phase shifter is a MEMS piezoelectric phase shifter. The phase adjustment amount is calculated according to the first compensation relationship.

[0018] The first phase shifter adjusts the phase of the probe beam according to the phase adjustment amount to counteract the beam offset caused by wave vibration and obtain the corrected probe beam.

[0019] Optionally, the process of obtaining the first compensation relationship includes:

[0020] Collect wave vibration samples corresponding to different first and second parameters;

[0021] For each wave vibration sample, the phase adjustment amount is tested to keep the beam offset within a preset accuracy range. The correlation between the phase adjustment amount and the first and second parameters is determined by fitting, and the first compensation relationship is obtained.

[0022] Optionally, analyzing the reflected beam to obtain the ship's altitude includes:

[0023] Record the time from the emission of the first angle group detection beam to the first time of receiving its reflected beam, and the time from the emission of the second angle group detection beam to the second time of receiving its reflected beam.

[0024] The first propagation distance of the first angle group detection beam is calculated based on the laser propagation speed and the first time, and the second propagation distance of the second angle group detection beam is calculated based on the laser propagation speed and the second time.

[0025] Obtain the beam angle between the first angle group and the second angle group, wherein the beam angle is determined by the topology of the first matrix, and calculate the ship height based on the first propagation distance, the second propagation distance and the beam angle.

[0026] Optionally, the calculation of the ship's height based on the first propagation distance, the second propagation distance, and the beam angle includes:

[0027] The first propagation distance and the second propagation distance are taken as the two sides of a triangle, and the beam angle is taken as the angle between the two sides;

[0028] Based on the relationship between the sides and angles of a triangle, calculate the length of the opposite side corresponding to the included angle, and use the length of the opposite side as the ship's height.

[0029] Optionally, the step of generating early warning information by combining the average wave height includes:

[0030] The average height of the waves is obtained through a wave monitoring module. The average height of the waves is the average of the wave heights at multiple monitoring points within a preset time period.

[0031] The ship's net height is calculated based on the ship's height and the average wave height, whereby the ship's net height is the difference between the ship's height and the average wave height.

[0032] If the vessel's net height exceeds a preset safety threshold, an early warning message containing the vessel's position and net height is generated and sent to the vessel and the monitoring center.

[0033] Optionally, obtaining the average wave height through the wave monitoring module includes:

[0034] Seawater pressure data is collected at different monitoring points using multiple pressure sensors in the wave monitoring module.

[0035] Calculate the real-time wave height at each monitoring point based on the seawater pressure data;

[0036] The real-time wave heights at each monitoring point within the preset time period are averaged to obtain the average wave height.

[0037] This application also provides an ultra-high-precision ship identification system based on an adaptive Noren matrix, including:

[0038] The laser beam splitting and emission module is used to split the laser output from the laser source through the first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height areas of the ship and transmit it to the ship. The first matrix is ​​a wave-adaptive Noren matrix that adapts to the wave environment and ship height measurement requirements through dynamic phase adjustment and beam angle classification.

[0039] The beam correction module is used to correct the offset of the detection beam in real time based on the wave monitoring data, so as to obtain the corrected detection beam.

[0040] The reflection analysis and early warning module is used to receive the reflected beam formed by the ship after the corrected detection beam is reflected, analyze the reflected beam to obtain the ship's height, and generate and send early warning information by combining it with the average wave height.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] This invention presents a method and system for identifying ultra-high ships based on an adaptive Noren matrix. First, the laser output from a laser source is split using a first matrix, which is a wave-adaptive Noren matrix that adapts to the wave environment and ship height measurement requirements through dynamic phase adjustment and beam angle classification. Then, the offset of the detection beam is corrected in real time based on wave monitoring data to obtain a corrected detection beam. Finally, the reflected beam formed by the corrected detection beam after reflection from the ship is received, and the reflected beam is analyzed to obtain the ship height. Combined with the average wave height, early warning information is generated. Through the above improvements, the wave-adaptive Noren matrix, unlike the traditional Noren matrix, can achieve static angle classification to adapt to ship height and dynamic phase adjustment to offset wave interference, thereby improving the accuracy of ultra-high ship identification. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 Here is a flowchart of an ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on an adaptive Noren matrix;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for an ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on an adaptive Noren matrix. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0046] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations of the present invention.

[0047] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for identifying ultra-high-altitude ships based on an adaptive Noren matrix, including the following steps:

[0049] (1) The laser output from the laser source is split into beams by the first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height areas of the ship and is transmitted to the ship. The first matrix is ​​a wave-adaptive Noren matrix that adapts to the wave environment and ship height measurement requirements by dynamic phase adjustment and beam angle classification.

[0050] (2) The offset of the detection beam is corrected in real time based on the wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected detection beam;

[0051] (3) Receive the reflected beam formed by the ship after the corrected detection beam is reflected, analyze the reflected beam to obtain the ship height, and generate early warning information by combining it with the average height of the sea waves and send it.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ultra-high vessel identification method based on the adaptive Noren matrix achieves accurate identification and early warning of ultra-high vessels through three core steps. It should be noted that the core of this application lies in utilizing the characteristics of a specific matrix, combined with real-time correction and reflection analysis, to form a complete identification chain.

[0053] The first step involves splitting the laser output from the laser source using a first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height areas of the ship, which is then emitted to the ship. The first matrix is ​​a wave-adaptive Noren matrix; specifically, it is a Noren matrix that adapts to the wave environment and ship height measurement requirements through dynamic phase adjustment and beam angle grading. Specifically, it addresses the problem of fixed beam angles in traditional laser detection, which cannot adapt to the measurement needs of different height areas of the ship (such as the hull and mast). This is achieved through topological reconstruction and functional optimization of the traditional Noren matrix. This provides a targeted detection basis for subsequent identification, ensuring that the laser can cover the key height area of ​​the ship from bottom to top.

[0054] The second step involves real-time correction of the probe beam offset based on wave monitoring data, resulting in a corrected probe beam. It should be noted that waves can cause vibrations in the laser emitting platform (such as shore-based equipment or buoys), leading to the probe beam deviating from the target area. This step compensates for the offset in this embodiment by acquiring wave monitoring data in real time and adjusting beam parameters, ensuring the beam remains stably pointed at the ship.

[0055] The third step involves receiving the reflected beam from the ship after the calibrated detection beam is reflected, analyzing the reflected beam to obtain the ship's height, and combining this with the average wave height to generate and send a warning message. In this embodiment, this step uses the results of the first two steps as input, calculates the ship's actual height by analyzing the reflected signal, and determines whether there is an excessively high risk by combining this with the wave height, ultimately achieving a warning.

[0056] Optionally, the step of splitting the laser output from the laser source using a first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height regions of the ship and transmitting it to the ship includes:

[0057] (1.1) The single laser beam output from the laser source is split into N laser beams by a beam splitter, where N is a positive integer not less than 8;

[0058] (1.2) Input the N laser beams into the input end of the first matrix, and output the detection beams divided into a first angle group and a second angle group through the topological reconstruction of the first matrix. The first angle group is a low-angle beam covering the area from the bottom of the ship to the water surface, and the second angle group is a high-angle beam covering the area from the bridge of the ship to the mast.

[0059] (1.3) The detection beams of the first angle group and the second angle group are synchronously transmitted to the corresponding height area of ​​the ship.

[0060] In this embodiment of the application, the process of splitting the laser output from the laser source through the first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height areas of the ship and transmitting it to the ship includes three sub-steps.

[0061] First, the single laser beam output from the laser source is split into N laser beams by a beam splitter, where N is a positive integer not less than 8. It should be noted that the beam splitter can divide a single laser signal into multiple beams to form multi-directional detection beams. Choosing N not less than 8 ensures a sufficient number of beams to cover different height areas of the ship; in practice, the specific value of N can be adjusted according to the ship type and measurement accuracy requirements.

[0062] Secondly, N laser beams are input to the input end of the first matrix. Through topology reconstruction of the first matrix, the output is divided into a first angle group and a second angle group. The first angle group consists of low-angle beams covering the area from the ship's hull to the water surface, while the second angle group consists of high-angle beams covering the area from the ship's bridge to the mast. It should be noted that topology reconstruction specifically involves adjusting the circuit connections and component parameters within the matrix (such as the coupling coefficient of the directional coupler) to differentiate the angular distribution of the output beams. The grouping method in this embodiment is based on the different measurement requirements of different height areas of the ship. Specifically, the area from the hull to the water surface is greatly affected by waves and requires denser beam coverage, while the area from the bridge to the mast is wider and requires a larger coverage angle. Therefore, targeted detection is achieved through grouping.

[0063] Finally, the detection beams of the first and second angle groups are simultaneously transmitted to the corresponding height areas of the ship. Simultaneous transmission ensures that the beams of both angle groups arrive at the ship at the same time, avoiding measurement errors caused by time differences and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent reflected signal analysis.

[0064] Optionally, the topological reconstruction of the first matrix, outputting detection beams divided into a first angle group and a second angle group, includes:

[0065] (1.2.1) The beam parameters of the first angle group are adjusted by the second coupling coefficient of the first directional coupler in the first matrix, so that the beam spacing of the first angle group is smaller than that of the second angle group, and the beam power of the first angle group is higher than that of the second angle group. The second coupling coefficient is a proportional parameter in the first directional coupler used to distribute the beam power of the first angle group.

[0066] (1.2.2) The beam parameters of the second angle group are adjusted by the third coupling coefficient of the second directional coupler in the first matrix so that the beam coverage of the second angle group is greater than that of the first angle group. The third coupling coefficient is a proportional parameter in the second directional coupler used to distribute the beam power of the second angle group.

[0067] In this embodiment of the application, the output detection beams divided into a first angle group and a second angle group are generated through topological reconstruction of the first matrix. This includes two sub-steps, the core of which is to achieve the differentiation of beam characteristics by adjusting the parameters of the directional coupler.

[0068] First, the beam parameters of the first angle group are adjusted by the second coupling coefficient of the first directional coupler in the first matrix, so that the beam spacing of the first angle group is smaller than that of the second angle group, and the beam power of the first angle group is higher than that of the second angle group. Here, the second coupling coefficient is a proportional parameter in the first directional coupler used to allocate the beam power of the first angle group; its value determines the proportion of input laser energy allocated to the first angle group. It should be noted that the first angle group covers the area from the ship's bottom to the water surface. This area is susceptible to interference from waves, foam, and splashes, resulting in weak reflected signals; therefore, higher beam power is required to enhance signal strength. Simultaneously, the height variation in this area is subtle (affected by wave fluctuations), necessitating a smaller beam spacing to improve measurement resolution.

[0069] Secondly, the beam parameters of the second angle group are adjusted by the third coupling coefficient of the second directional coupler in the first matrix, so that the beam coverage of the second angle group is greater than that of the first angle group. The third coupling coefficient is a proportional parameter in the second directional coupler used to distribute the beam power of the second angle group. For example, the second angle group covers the area from the bridge to the mast, which has a large height range but strong reflected signals (mostly metal structures). Therefore, excessively high power is not required, but a larger coverage area is needed to ensure complete coverage of the ship's superstructure. This characteristic can be achieved by adjusting the third coupling coefficient.

[0070] Optionally, the step of real-time correction of the probe beam offset based on wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected probe beam includes:

[0071] (2.1) The wave vibration data is acquired in real time through the wave monitoring module. The wave vibration data includes a first parameter and a second parameter, wherein the first parameter is the wave vibration frequency and the second parameter is the wave vibration amplitude.

[0072] (2.2) Input the first parameter and the second parameter into the first phase shifter of the first matrix. The first phase shifter is a MEMS piezoelectric phase shifter, that is, a microelectromechanical system phase shifter that achieves phase adjustment through the piezoelectric effect. Calculate the phase adjustment amount according to the first compensation relationship.

[0073] (2.3) The first phase shifter adjusts the phase of the probe beam according to the phase adjustment amount to offset the beam offset caused by wave vibration and obtain the corrected probe beam.

[0074] In this embodiment of the application, the offset of the detection beam is corrected in real time based on the wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected detection beam, which includes three sub-steps, aiming to counteract the beam offset caused by wave vibration.

[0075] First, wave vibration data is acquired in real time through a wave monitoring module. This data includes a first parameter and a second parameter, where the first parameter is the wave vibration frequency and the second parameter is the wave vibration amplitude. It should be noted that the wave monitoring module typically consists of a sensor array (such as an accelerometer or pressure sensor). By collecting vibration signals from the platform or changes in seawater pressure, it calculates the vibration frequency (the number of vibrations per unit time) and amplitude (the maximum displacement of the vibration). These parameters directly reflect the intensity of wave interference on the laser emission platform.

[0076] Next, the first and second parameters are input into the first phase shifter of the first matrix. The first phase shifter is a MEMS piezoelectric phase shifter (i.e., a microelectromechanical system phase shifter that achieves phase adjustment through the piezoelectric effect). The phase adjustment amount is calculated according to the first compensation relationship. It should be noted that the working principle of the MEMS piezoelectric phase shifter is to utilize the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials. When a voltage is applied, the material deforms, thereby changing the propagation path length of the laser and achieving phase adjustment. The first compensation relationship refers to the correlation between the phase adjustment amount and the first and second parameters. Through this correlation, the wave vibration parameters are converted into specific values ​​that can be directly used to adjust the beam phase.

[0077] Finally, the first phase shifter adjusts the phase of the detection beam according to the phase adjustment amount to counteract the beam offset caused by wave vibration, thus obtaining a corrected detection beam. For example, if wave vibration causes the beam to shift in a certain direction, the phase shifter adjusts the beam phase to deflect the beam in the opposite direction by the same angle, thereby ensuring that the beam always points to the target area of ​​the ship.

[0078] Optionally, the process of obtaining the first compensation relationship includes:

[0079] (5.1) Collect wave vibration samples corresponding to different first and second parameters;

[0080] (5.2) For each wave vibration sample, test the phase adjustment amount to keep the beam offset within the preset accuracy range, and determine the correlation between the phase adjustment amount and the first parameter and the second parameter by fitting to obtain the first compensation relationship.

[0081] In this embodiment of the application, the process of obtaining the first compensation relationship includes two sub-steps, the core of which is to establish the correlation between vibration parameters and phase adjustment amount through experiments and fitting.

[0082] First, wave vibration samples were collected for different first and second parameters. It should be noted that sample collection must cover actual possible wave environments (such as vibration under different wind speeds and tides). By controlling the variables to change the first parameter (vibration frequency) and the second parameter (vibration amplitude), the corresponding platform vibration state was recorded to ensure the comprehensiveness of the samples.

[0083] Secondly, for each wave vibration sample, the phase adjustment amount is tested to ensure the beam offset is within a preset accuracy range. The correlation between the phase adjustment amount and the first and second parameters is determined through fitting, yielding the first compensation relationship. For example, for each sample, the phase adjustment amount is gradually adjusted while measuring the beam offset until the beam offset meets the preset accuracy (e.g., less than a certain threshold), and the phase adjustment amount at this point is recorded. Then, mathematical fitting methods (e.g., linear regression, polynomial fitting) are used to analyze multiple sets of first, second, and phase adjustment amount data to obtain the functional relationship between the three, i.e., the first compensation relationship. It should be noted that this relationship serves to provide a calculation basis for real-time correction, ensuring that the phase adjustment amount can accurately offset the influence of wave vibration.

[0084] Optionally, analyzing the reflected beam to obtain the ship's altitude includes:

[0085] (3.1) Record the first time from the emission time of the first angle group detection beam to the first time from the emission time of the second angle group detection beam to the second time from the emission time of the second angle group detection beam to the second time from the emission time of the second angle group detection beam to the reception time of the second beam.

[0086] (3.2) Calculate the first propagation distance of the first angle group detection beam based on the laser propagation speed and the first time, and calculate the second propagation distance of the second angle group detection beam based on the laser propagation speed and the second time;

[0087] (3.3) Obtain the beam angle between the first angle group and the second angle group, wherein the beam angle is determined by the topology of the first matrix, and calculate the ship height based on the first propagation distance, the second propagation distance and the beam angle.

[0088] In this embodiment of the application, analyzing the reflected beam to obtain the ship's height includes three sub-steps: calculating the ship's height based on the laser propagation characteristics and geometric relationships.

[0089] First, the time from the emission of the first angle group detection beam to the first time of receiving its reflected beam is recorded, as is the time from the emission of the second angle group detection beam to the second time of receiving its reflected beam. It should be noted that the time recording is achieved using a high-precision timer. The emission time is the time when the beam leaves the laser source, and the reception time is the time when the reflected beam arrives at the detector. The difference between the two is the round-trip propagation time of the beam.

[0090] Secondly, the first propagation distance of the first angle group detection beam is calculated based on the laser propagation speed and the first time. The second propagation distance of the second angle group detection beam is then calculated based on the laser propagation speed and the second time. It should be noted that the laser propagation speed in air is a known constant. The propagation distance is calculated as: propagation speed × propagation time ÷ 2. Dividing by 2 is because the time recorded is the round-trip propagation time, and the one-way distance is half the round-trip distance. The first propagation distance refers to the straight-line distance of the first angle group detection beam from the emission point to the corresponding reflection point on the ship; the second propagation distance is calculated similarly.

[0091] Finally, the beam angle between the first and second angle groups is obtained. This angle is determined by the topology of the first matrix. The ship's height is calculated based on the first propagation distance, the second propagation distance, and the beam angle. It should be noted that the beam angle refers to the angle between the two beam groups in space. Its magnitude is preset by the topology of the first matrix (such as the arrangement and parameters of its internal components) and is a fixed value. Using this angle and the two propagation distances, the vertical distance between two reflection points on the ship, i.e., the ship's height, can be calculated using geometric relationships.

[0092] Optionally, the calculation of the ship's height based on the first propagation distance, the second propagation distance, and the beam angle includes:

[0093] (7.1) Take the first propagation distance and the second propagation distance as the two sides of a triangle, and take the beam angle as the angle between the two sides;

[0094] (7.2) Calculate the length of the opposite side of the included angle according to the triangle relationship, and take the length of the opposite side as the ship height.

[0095] In this embodiment of the application, the calculation of the ship's height based on the first propagation distance, the second propagation distance, and the beam angle includes two sub-steps, which are implemented based on the triangular side-angle relationship.

[0096] First, consider the first propagation distance and the second propagation distance as two sides of a triangle, and the beam angle as the included angle between these two sides. It should be noted that, with the laser emission point as the vertex, and the reflection points corresponding to the first and second propagation distances as the other two vertices, a triangle can be formed, where the angle at the laser emission point is the beam angle, and the lengths of the two sides are the first and second propagation distances, respectively.

[0097] Secondly, based on the side-angle relationships of a triangle, the length of the opposite side corresponding to the included angle is calculated, and this length is taken as the ship's height. For example, the vertical distance between two reflection points on the ship (i.e., the ship's height) corresponds to the opposite side of the included beam angle in the aforementioned triangle, and can therefore be calculated using the side-angle relationships of a triangle (such as the law of cosines). It should be noted that the principle behind this calculation method is to utilize spatial geometric relationships to convert the distance and angle of laser propagation into the actual height of the ship, ensuring the accuracy of the calculation results.

[0098] Optionally, the step of generating early warning information by combining the average wave height includes:

[0099] (8.1) The average height of the waves is obtained through the wave monitoring module, wherein the average height of the waves is the average of the wave heights at multiple monitoring points within a preset time period;

[0100] (8.2) Calculate the ship's net height based on the ship's height and the average wave height, whereby the ship's net height is the difference between the ship's height and the average wave height;

[0101] (8.3) If the net height of the vessel exceeds the preset safety threshold, an early warning message containing the vessel's position and net height is generated and sent to the vessel and the monitoring center.

[0102] In this embodiment of the application, generating early warning information by combining the average height of ocean waves includes three sub-steps, which are used to determine whether the ship exceeds the height limit and issue an early warning.

[0103] First, the average wave height is obtained through the wave monitoring module. This average wave height is the average of the wave heights at multiple monitoring points within a preset time period. It should be noted that the preset time period can be set according to actual needs (such as 1 minute or 5 minutes). The multiple monitoring points are set to avoid the randomness of single-point measurements and ensure the representativeness of the wave height. Averaging can smooth out the instantaneous fluctuations of the waves and obtain a more stable reference value for the wave height.

[0104] Secondly, the ship's net height is calculated based on the ship's height and the average wave height. The net height is the difference between the ship's height and the average wave height. It should be noted that during actual navigation, waves will raise the ship's actual position. Therefore, the ship's height must be subtracted from the average wave height to obtain the ship's true net height relative to the water surface. This net height is a key indicator for determining whether the ship is overweight or oversized.

[0105] Finally, if the vessel's clearance height exceeds the preset safety threshold, an early warning message containing the vessel's position and clearance height is generated and sent to both the vessel and the monitoring center. It should be noted that the preset safety threshold is set based on limitations such as bridge height and overhead cable height in the navigation area; the early warning message must include the vessel's position (for easy location) and clearance height (clearly indicating the degree of exceeding the height limit). Sending it to the vessel reminds it to adjust in a timely manner, while sending it to the monitoring center facilitates coordinated dispatch by regulatory authorities.

[0106] Optionally, obtaining the average wave height through the wave monitoring module includes:

[0107] (9.1) Collect seawater pressure data at different monitoring points using multiple pressure sensors of the wave monitoring module;

[0108] (9.2) Calculate the real-time wave height at each monitoring point based on the seawater pressure data;

[0109] (9.3) The real-time wave height of each monitoring point within the preset time period is averaged to obtain the average wave height.

[0110] In this embodiment of the application, obtaining the average height of ocean waves through the ocean wave monitoring module includes three sub-steps: calculating the average height of ocean waves based on pressure sensor data.

[0111] First, seawater pressure data is collected at different monitoring points using multiple pressure sensors in the wave monitoring module. It should be noted that the pressure sensors are deployed at different underwater locations, such as different depths and horizontal positions, and the seawater pressure will change with the fluctuations of the waves. The sensors output electrical signals, i.e., seawater pressure data, by sensing the pressure changes in this embodiment.

[0112] Secondly, the real-time wave height at each monitoring point is calculated based on the seawater pressure data. For example, the relationship between seawater pressure and depth is: pressure = density × gravitational acceleration × depth. When the waves rise and fall, the actual water depth at a certain point will change, which will cause pressure changes. Therefore, the water depth change can be inferred from the pressure data, that is, the real-time wave height (the height relative to the calm water surface).

[0113] Finally, the real-time wave heights at each monitoring point within the preset time period are averaged to obtain the average wave height. It should be noted that the averaging process includes two aspects: first, averaging the multiple real-time heights at the same monitoring point within the preset time period to obtain the average height for that point; second, averaging the average heights of all monitoring points again to obtain the final average wave height, in order to further reduce errors and ensure data reliability.

[0114] Specifically, a traditional Noren matrix is ​​an N×N passive network used for beamforming. Its core function is to distribute the input signal to different output ports through a fixed phase relationship, forming a beam with uniform angle. Taking a 4×4 Noren matrix as an example, its scattering matrix S can be expressed as:

[0115]

[0116] in, Let be the scattering parameter from port i to port j, and be a fixed value, where The scattering parameters determine the signal distribution ratio and phase difference. The limitations of traditional matrices are: fixed scattering parameters result in uniform output beam angles (such as 90° beam spacing in a 4-port matrix), which cannot adapt to the differentiated height measurement requirements of the ship's "bottom-mast"; and they lack dynamic phase adjustment capabilities, which cannot compensate for beam offset caused by wave vibrations.

[0117] In this embodiment, the wave-adaptive Noren matrix overcomes traditional limitations through topology reconstruction and dynamic phase adjustment unit embedding. Its core lies in incorporating the characteristics of "beam angle grading" and "wave vibration compensation" into the matrix's scattering parameters and control logic. Taking a 4×4 wave-adaptive Noren matrix as an example, its improved scattering matrix... for:

[0118]

[0119] in: The phase adjustment factor for the first angle group (low angle, bottom region) is determined by the second coupling coefficient of the first directional coupler, making... The phase difference forms a dense angular interval; The phase adjustment factor for the second angle group (high angle, mast region) is determined by the third coupling coefficient of the second directional coupler, making... , , and The phase difference forms a sparse angular interval; The dynamic phase compensation factor is adjusted in real time by the first phase shifter based on the wave vibration data (wave vibration frequency f and wave vibration amplitude A). ,in , The fitting coefficients are used to achieve real-time beam offset cancellation.

[0120] In this embodiment, the topology reconstruction transforms the traditional uniform beam distribution into a hierarchical distribution of "dense at low angles + sparse at high angles" by reconfiguring port grouping connections and coupling coefficients.

[0121] For example, the ports are first grouped by function, dividing the four output ports into two groups:

[0122] Ports 1-2: First angle group (low angle), responsible for covering the area from the bottom of the ship to the water surface;

[0123] Ports 3-4: Second angle group (high angle), responsible for covering the area from the bridge to the mast.

[0124] Then, the coupling coefficients are configured differently. For the first directional coupler (connecting the input port and port 1-2): the second coupling coefficient is set. (like >0.5), making and amplitude ratio This ensures higher beam power in the first angle group, thereby counteracting wave interference; simultaneously, the phase difference is set to... , corresponding to dense intervals.

[0125] Second directional coupler (connects input port and port 3-4): Sets the third coupling coefficient. (like ),make and The amplitude ratio is Reduce the beam power of the second angle group; set the phase difference to... , corresponding to sparse spacing.

[0126] Finally, a dynamic phase compensation unit is embedded, with a first phase shifter (MEMS piezoelectric phase shifter) connected in series between the matrix input port and the coupler, and its phase adjustment amount... ,Right now Real-time modification of the phase term of the scattering parameters ,in This is the initial phase.

[0127] Taking the entire ship identification process as an example, a single-beam signal is input from the laser source to the matrix input terminal, and then... After allocation, ports 1-2 output the first angle group of probe beams (0.5° interval, high power), pointing towards the hull; ports 3-4 output the second angle group of probe beams (2° interval, low power), pointing towards the mast. This process is achieved through a topology reconstruction factor, solving the adaptability problem of traditional uniform beam distribution. The matrix is ​​then... Calculate the compensation phase and adjust the first phase shifter. The phase term causes the beam pointing angle to shift in the opposite direction. ,in d is the laser wavelength, and d is the port spacing. To offset the beam angle, the offset caused by ocean waves is compensated, overcoming the limitation of traditional beam matrices lacking dynamic adjustment capabilities. The reflected beam is transmitted in reverse through the matrix (utilizing reciprocity), and the data processing unit calculates the propagation time of the two beams. and , and The beam angle is determined by the first propagation distance and the second propagation distance, combined with the matrix topology. ,pass Calculate ship height Finally, the warning is generated by combining the wave height.

[0128] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the first propagation distance... This refers to the one-way straight-line distance of the first angle group detection beam from the emission point to the corresponding reflection point on the ship (the reflection point from the bottom of the ship to the water surface). It is determined by the laser propagation speed *c* and the round-trip propagation time of the first angle group detection beam. Calculated, i.e. The calculation process is a well-known technique, and this application will not elaborate on it.

[0129] Second propagation distance This refers to the one-way straight-line distance of the second angle group detection beam from the transmission point to the corresponding reflection point on the ship (the reflection point in the area from the bridge to the mast). Its calculation method is the same as... Similarly, the round-trip propagation time of the detection beam is determined by the laser propagation speed c and the second angle group. Calculated, i.e. .

[0130] As can be seen, through the above improvements, this application achieves static angle hierarchical adaptation of ship height and dynamic phase adjustment to offset wave interference through the wave adaptive Noren matrix, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying ultra-high ships.

[0131] This application also provides an ultra-high-precision ship identification system based on an adaptive Noren matrix, including:

[0132] The laser beam splitting and emission module is used to split the laser output from the laser source through the first matrix to form a detection beam that covers different height areas of the ship and is emitted to the ship. It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, the first matrix is ​​a wave-adaptive Noren matrix that adapts to the wave environment and the ship height measurement requirements through dynamic phase adjustment and beam angle classification.

[0133] The beam correction module is used to correct the offset of the detection beam in real time based on the wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected detection beam.

[0134] The reflection analysis and early warning module is used to receive the reflected beam formed by the ship after the corrected detection beam is reflected, analyze the reflected beam to obtain the ship's height, and generate and send early warning information by combining it with the average wave height.

[0135] In this embodiment, the ultra-high-altitude ship identification system based on the adaptive Noren matrix includes a laser beam splitting emission module, a beam correction module, and a reflection analysis and early warning module. The modules work together to achieve ship identification and early warning.

[0136] It should be noted that the laser beam splitting and emission module is used to split the laser output from the laser source through the first matrix, forming detection beams covering different height areas of the ship and transmitting them to the ship. The core of this module is the first matrix, namely the wave-adaptive Noren matrix, which integrates components such as beam splitters and directional couplers. Through topology reconstruction, it achieves beam angle classification and power adjustment, providing targeted detection signals for the system.

[0137] It should be noted that the beam correction module is used to correct the offset of the detection beam in real time based on the wave monitoring data, thus obtaining the corrected detection beam. In this embodiment, the module typically includes a data receiving unit for receiving wave monitoring data, and a phase adjustment unit, such as a MEMS piezoelectric phase shifter, which calculates the phase adjustment amount through a first compensation relationship and performs correction to ensure that the beam is stably pointed to the target.

[0138] It should be noted that the reflection analysis and early warning module is used to receive the reflected beam formed by the ship's reflection of the corrected detection beam, analyze the reflected beam to obtain the ship's height, and generate and send early warning information by combining it with the average wave height. It should also be noted that this module includes a photoelectric detector for receiving the reflected beam, a data processing unit for calculating the ship's height and net height, and a communication unit for sending the early warning information.

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for identifying ultra-high-altitude ships based on an adaptive Noren matrix, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The laser output from the laser source is split into beams by the first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height areas of the ship and then transmitted to the ship. The first matrix is ​​a wave-adaptive Noren matrix that adapts to the wave environment and ship height measurement requirements by dynamically adjusting the phase and grading the beam angle. The offset of the detection beam is corrected in real time based on the wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected detection beam; The system receives the reflected beam formed by the ship after the corrected detection beam is reflected, analyzes the reflected beam to obtain the ship's height, and generates and sends early warning information by combining it with the average wave height.

2. The ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on adaptive Noren matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of splitting the laser output from the laser source using a first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height regions of the ship and transmitting it to the ship includes: The single laser beam output from the laser source is split into N laser beams by a beam splitter, where N is a positive integer not less than 8; The N laser beams are input to the input end of the first matrix. Through topological reconstruction of the first matrix, the output is divided into a first angle group and a second angle group. The first angle group is an angle beam covering the area from the bottom of the ship to the water surface, and the second angle group is an angle beam covering the area from the bridge of the ship to the mast. The detection beams of the first angle group and the second angle group are simultaneously transmitted to the corresponding height area of ​​the ship.

3. The ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on the adaptive Noren matrix according to claim 2, characterized in that, The topological reconstruction through the first matrix outputs detection beams divided into a first angle group and a second angle group, including: The beam parameters of the first angle group are adjusted by the second coupling coefficient of the first directional coupler in the first matrix, so that the beam spacing of the first angle group is smaller than that of the second angle group, and the beam power of the first angle group is higher than that of the second angle group. The second coupling coefficient is a proportional parameter in the first directional coupler used to distribute the beam power of the first angle group. The beam parameters of the second angle group are adjusted by the third coupling coefficient of the second directional coupler in the first matrix, so that the beam coverage of the second angle group is greater than that of the first angle group. The third coupling coefficient is a proportional parameter in the second directional coupler used to distribute the beam power of the second angle group.

4. The ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on adaptive Noren matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of real-time correction of the probe beam offset based on wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected probe beam includes: The wave vibration data is acquired in real time through the wave monitoring module. The wave vibration data includes a first parameter and a second parameter, wherein the first parameter is the wave vibration frequency and the second parameter is the wave vibration amplitude. The first parameter and the second parameter are input into the first phase shifter of the first matrix. The first phase shifter is a MEMS piezoelectric phase shifter. The phase adjustment amount is calculated according to the first compensation relationship. The first phase shifter adjusts the phase of the probe beam according to the phase adjustment amount to obtain the corrected probe beam.

5. The ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on the adaptive Noren matrix according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the first compensation relationship includes: Collect wave vibration samples corresponding to different first and second parameters; For each wave vibration sample, the phase adjustment amount is tested to keep the beam offset within a preset accuracy range. The correlation between the phase adjustment amount and the first and second parameters is determined by fitting, and the first compensation relationship is obtained.

6. The ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on adaptive Noren matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis of the reflected beam to obtain the ship's altitude includes: Record the time from the emission of the first angle group detection beam to the first time of receiving its reflected beam, and the time from the emission of the second angle group detection beam to the second time of receiving its reflected beam. The first propagation distance of the first angle group detection beam is calculated based on the laser propagation speed and the first time, and the second propagation distance of the second angle group detection beam is calculated based on the laser propagation speed and the second time. Obtain the beam angle between the first angle group and the second angle group, wherein the beam angle is determined by the topology of the first matrix, and calculate the ship height based on the first propagation distance, the second propagation distance and the beam angle.

7. The ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on the adaptive Noren matrix according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation of the ship's height based on the first propagation distance, the second propagation distance, and the beam angle includes: The first propagation distance and the second propagation distance are taken as the two sides of a triangle, and the beam angle is taken as the angle between the two sides; Based on the relationship between the sides and angles of a triangle, calculate the length of the opposite side corresponding to the included angle, and use the length of the opposite side as the ship's height.

8. The ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on adaptive Noren matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of generating early warning information by combining the average height of ocean waves includes: The average height of the waves is obtained through the wave monitoring module. The average height of the waves is the average of the wave heights at multiple monitoring points within a preset time period. The ship's net height is calculated based on the ship's height and the average wave height, whereby the ship's net height is the difference between the ship's height and the average wave height. If the vessel's net height exceeds a preset safety threshold, an early warning message containing the vessel's position and net height is generated and sent to the vessel and the monitoring center.

9. The ultra-high-altitude ship identification method based on the adaptive Noren matrix according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the average height of ocean waves through the ocean wave monitoring module includes: Seawater pressure data is collected at different monitoring points using multiple pressure sensors in the wave monitoring module. Calculate the real-time wave height at each monitoring point based on the seawater pressure data; The real-time wave heights at each monitoring point within the preset time period are averaged to obtain the average wave height.

10. A super-high-altitude ship identification system based on an adaptive Noren matrix, used to implement the super-high-altitude ship identification method based on an adaptive Noren matrix as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The laser beam splitting and emission module is used to split the laser output from the laser source through the first matrix to form a detection beam covering different height areas of the ship and transmit it to the ship. The first matrix is ​​a wave-adaptive Noren matrix that adapts to the wave environment and ship height measurement requirements through dynamic phase adjustment and beam angle classification. The beam correction module is used to correct the offset of the detection beam in real time based on the wave monitoring data to obtain the corrected detection beam. The reflection analysis and early warning module is used to receive the reflected beam formed by the ship after the corrected detection beam is reflected, analyze the reflected beam to obtain the ship's height, and generate and send early warning information by combining it with the average wave height.

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