Lens module, imaging module, microscopic imaging method and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a lens module, an imaging module, a microscopic imaging method and electronic equipment. The lens module comprises a super-structure lens, an automatic focusing module and a light source; the super-structure lens is used for processing the light with the specific wavelength emitted by the light source; the orthographic projection of the light source on the plane where the super-structure lens is located surrounds the super-structure lens, the light source is used for lighting an object to be imaged, and light emitted to the object to be imaged by the light source is reflected and then emitted into the super-structure lens; the light source comprises a plurality of sub light sources, and the plurality of sub light sources comprise a red sub light source, a green sub light source and a blue sub light source; the automatic focusing module is used for controlling the super-structure lens to move relative to the object to be imaged and performing focusing. According to the invention, high-magnification and high-definition microscopic imaging can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical technology, in particular to a lens module, an imaging module, a microscopic imaging method and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, more and more electronic devices, such as mobile phones, tablets and the like, have a macro shooting function to observe small objects. However, due to the limitation of lens focal length, it is impossible to achieve higher magnification microscopic imaging at a closer focusing distance. Moreover, the numerical aperture of the current macro photography is generally small, resulting in low resolution and inability to identify some subtle structures. In addition, the current microscopic imaging is usually observed and recorded by a microscope, which is generally composed of a light source, an objective lens and an eyepiece. The general microscopic optical system is large in size, high in cost and inconvenient to carry. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a lens module, an imaging module, a microscopic imaging method and an electronic device to solve the technical problems of low magnification, low resolution and large size of the current microscopic imaging system.

[0004] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a lens module, which comprises a super-structured lens, an automatic focusing module and a light source. The super-structured lens is used to process light of a specific wavelength emitted by the light source. The light source is projected around the super-structured lens in the plane where the super-structured lens is located. The light source is used to light the object to be imaged, and the light emitted by the light source is reflected into the super-structured lens. The light source comprises a plurality of sub-sources, including a red sub-source, a green sub-source and a blue sub-source. The automatic focusing module is used to control the movement of the super-structured lens relative to the object to be imaged and focus. The lens module provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided with a super-structured lens. The super-structured lens is designed to have high magnification and large numerical aperture. The light source is matched with the super-structured lens, and the super-structured lens can process the light of a specific color emitted by the light source. The light source can light the object to be imaged, which can match the working wavelength of the super-structured lens and still have enough light reflected by the object to be imaged at a close distance during microscopic imaging. Finally, high magnification and high definition microscopic imaging can be obtained. The lens module can be used to shoot small objects and has the characteristics of miniaturization. It can be used in terminal devices to shoot and record images and realize the function of microscopic imaging. For example, it can be applied to the scene of shooting videos and photos by the lens of portable electronic products such as mobile phones, tablet computers and monitors.

[0005] In some embodiments, the FHWM of the sub-source spectrum is ≤ 30 nm. In this way, the light emitted by the lighting module and then reflected by the object to be imaged can be matched with the narrowband requirement of the super-structured lens.

[0006] In some embodiments, the sub-light source has an out-light surface; on the side of the out-light direction of the out-light surface, the out-light surface and the plane where the super-structure lens is located form an obtuse angle. The out-light surface of the sub-light source is obliquely arranged, which can make the sub-light source emit light towards the object to be imaged in the application, so that more light is reflected by the object to be imaged, and the utilization rate of light is improved.

[0007] In some embodiments, the light source includes a bearing plate, the bearing plate is arranged along the direction of the principal axis around the super-structure lens, and the plurality of red sub-light sources, the plurality of green sub-light sources and the plurality of blue sub-light sources are uniformly distributed on the bearing plate. Such arrangement can realize uniform lighting of the object to be imaged by the light source during imaging. Thus, the imaging of the object to be imaged can be more stereoscopic and clear.

[0008] In some embodiments, the super-structure lens is an achromatic super-structure lens. The achromatic super-structure lens can perform achromatic imaging of red, green and blue light, and the working mode of the light source is designed accordingly, which can realize color microscopic imaging in the application.

[0009] In some embodiments, the super-structure lens is an achromatic super-structure lens. The working mode of the light source includes at least one of the following: all the red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources in the light source emit light; and one kind of light source in the red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources in the light source emits light. The automatic focusing module is used to control the super-structure lens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, including: when all the red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources in the light source emit light, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-0 when focusing is completed; and / or, when one kind of light source in the red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources in the light source emits light, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-0 when focusing is completed.

[0010] In some embodiments, the super-structure lens is a non-achromatic super-structure lens. The working mode of the light source includes at least one of the following: the red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources in the light source emit light in turn; and one kind of light source in the red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources in the light source emits light. The automatic focusing module is used to control the super-structure lens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, including: when the red sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-1 when focusing is completed; when the green sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-2 when focusing is completed; when the blue sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-3 when focusing is completed; wherein, u 1-1 ≠ u 1-2 ≠ u1-3 .

[0011] In some embodiments, the automatic focusing module is further configured to control the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively in cooperation with the working mode of the light source, n is an integer, n≥2; the object distance of the superlens at the n positions is different, and the interval between any two adjacent positions of the n positions is related to the depth of field at the two positions. In the application, the position of the object to be imaged relative to the imaging module is fixed, and n times of focusing are performed when the superlens moves to n positions and focuses respectively, and the focus points of the n times of focusing correspond to different parts on the object to be imaged. Then, the n groups of electrical signals correspond to image information at n different focus distances, and each group of image information has a different depth of field. In some embodiments of the application, the n groups of electrical signals are generated into an image by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm, which can expand the depth of field of microscopic imaging and improve the image yield.

[0012] In some embodiments, the superlens is an achromatic superlens, and the automatic focusing module is further configured to control the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively in cooperation with the working mode of the light source, including: when all the red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources in the light source emit light, the automatic focusing module controls the superlens to move to A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions and focus respectively, and the object distance at the A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions gradually increases. In the application, a color microscopic image with a large depth of field can be generated.

[0013] In some embodiments, the superlens is an achromatic superlens, and the automatic focusing module is further configured to control the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively in cooperation with the working mode of the light source, including: when the light source of one color of the red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources in the light source emits light, the automatic focusing module controls the superlens to move to A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions and focus respectively. In the application, a black and white microscopic image with a large depth of field can be generated.

[0014] In some embodiments, the superlens is a non-achromatic superlens, and the automatic focusing module is further configured to control the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively in cooperation with the working mode of the light source, including: when the red sub-light source in the light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the superlens to move to A 2-1 , A 2-2 to A 2-n n positions and focus respectively; A 2-1 , A 2-2 to A 2-nThe object distance gradually increases at the n positions; when the green sub-light source in the light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the metasurface lens to move to B 2-1 , B 2-2 to B 2-n n positions and focus respectively; B 2-1 , B 2-2 to B 2-n The object distance gradually increases at the n positions; when the blue sub-light source in the light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the metasurface lens to move to C 2-1 , C 2-2 to C 2-n n positions and focus respectively; C 2-1 , C 2-2 to C 2-n The object distance gradually increases at the n positions; wherein, the object distances at A 2-p , B 2-p , C 2-p positions are not equal, p is an integer, 1≤p≤n. Among them, when the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source are controlled to emit light in turn, the application can generate a color microscopic image with large depth of field. When one color sub-light source is controlled to emit light alone among the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source, the application can generate a black and white microscopic image with large depth of field.

[0015] In some embodiments, the automatic focusing module includes a bracket, the bracket has a lens mounting hole, and the metasurface lens is mounted in the lens mounting hole; the light source surrounds the lens mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the bracket. The automatic focusing module controls the bracket to move, so that the metasurface lens and the light source move synchronously.

[0016] In some embodiments, the automatic focusing module further includes a base and a driving assembly, the driving assembly is connected between the bracket and the base, and the driving assembly is used to drive the bracket to move relative to the base.

[0017] In some embodiments, the automatic focusing module is used to detect the position of the object to be imaged, and according to the detection result, the metasurface lens is controlled to move for focusing so that the object distance and the image distance satisfy the following relationship: 0.2*v≤u≤v, u is the object distance, and v is the image distance. The imaging module provided in this embodiment can realize optical magnification imaging of 1X-5X, and realize microscopic imaging with high magnification.

[0018] In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application further provide an imaging module, which comprises an image sensor and the lens module provided by any of the embodiments of the present application. The image sensor is located on the image side of the superlens, and the image sensor is configured to receive light emitted by the superlens and generate an electrical signal. The imaging module can be used to capture a micro object and has the feature of miniaturization. The imaging module can be used in a terminal device to capture and record images and realize the function of microscopic imaging. For example, the imaging module can be applied to a portable electronic product such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a monitor to capture video and photos.

[0019] In some embodiments, the auto-focusing module is further configured to control the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively in cooperation with the working mode of the light source, n is an integer and n≥2; the object distance of the superlens at the n positions is different, and the distance between any two adjacent positions of the n positions is related to the depth of field at the two positions; the image sensor is further configured to receive light emitted by the superlens at the n positions and generate n sets of electrical signals correspondingly; wherein one set of electrical signals corresponds to the information of one frame of image, and the n sets of electrical signals are used to generate one image. The imaging module provided in the embodiments can generate a microscopic image with large depth of field, high magnification, and high definition.

[0020] In a third aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, which comprises an image processor and the imaging module provided by any of the embodiments of the present application. The image processor is coupled to the image sensor, and the image processor is configured to generate an image in response to the electrical signal.

[0021] In some embodiments, the image processor is further configured to generate an image by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm in response to the n sets of electrical signals, n is an integer and n≥2.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application provide a microscopic imaging method, which comprises:

[0023] controlling a light source to illuminate a to-be-imaged object, and light emitted by the light source towards the to-be-imaged object is reflected and then enters the superlens; wherein the light source comprises a plurality of sub-sources, and the plurality of sub-sources comprise a red sub-source, a green sub-source, and a blue sub-source;

[0024] the superlens processes the reflected light and emits the processed light;

[0025] controlling the superlens to move relative to the to-be-imaged object and focus, so that the light emitted by the superlens is imaged on the image sensor;

[0026] the image sensor receives the light emitted by the superlens and generates an electrical signal; and an image is generated according to the electrical signal.

[0027] The micro-imaging method provided by the embodiments of the present application can ensure that sufficient light is reflected by the object to be imaged when the distance between the object to be imaged and the micro-imaging device is relatively short, and can also match the light reflected by the object to be imaged with the working wavelength of the superlens, so that high magnification and large numerical aperture can be achieved by using the superlens, and the final generated image can have high magnification and high definition.

[0028] In some embodiments, the controlling the superlens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus includes: controlling the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively, n is an integer, n≥2; the object distance of the superlens at the n positions is different, and the interval between any two adjacent positions of the n positions is related to the depth of field at the two positions; the image sensor receives the light emitted by the superlens and generates electrical signals, including: the image sensor receives the light emitted by the superlens at the n positions respectively, and generates n sets of electrical signals correspondingly; wherein, one set of electrical signals corresponds to the information of one frame of image; the image is generated according to the electrical signals, including: the image is generated according to the n sets of electrical signals by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm. The method provided by the embodiment can obtain a micro image with large depth of field.

[0029] In some embodiments, the superlens is an achromatic superlens; the controlling the light source to light the object to be imaged includes: controlling all the red sub-sources, green sub-sources and blue sub-sources of the light source to emit light, or controlling the light source of one color among the red sub-sources, green sub-sources and blue sub-sources to emit light; the controlling the superlens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus includes: when all the red sub-sources, green sub-sources and blue sub-sources of the light source are controlled to emit light, the superlens is controlled to move so that the object distance is u 1-0 when the light source of one color among the red sub-sources, green sub-sources and blue sub-sources is controlled to emit light, the automatic focusing module controls the superlens to move so that the object distance is u 1-0 .

[0030] In some embodiments, the superlens is an achromatic superlens; the controlling the light source to light the object to be imaged includes: controlling all the red sub-sources, green sub-sources and blue sub-sources of the light source to emit light, or controlling the light source of one color among the red sub-sources, green sub-sources and blue sub-sources to emit light; the controlling the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively includes: when all the red sub-sources, green sub-sources and blue sub-sources of the light source are controlled to emit light, the superlens is controlled to move to A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n , a total of n positions and focus respectively, A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A1-n The object distance gradually increases at the n positions; when the light source of one color in the red light sub-source, the green light sub-source and the blue light sub-source of the control light source emits light, the superlens is controlled to move to A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions and focus respectively. By using the microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiment, when the red light sub-source, the green light sub-source and the blue light sub-source of the control light source all emit light, a color microscopic image with high magnification, high definition and large depth of field can be obtained. When one of the red light sub-source, the green light sub-source and the blue light sub-source emits light, a black and white microscopic image with high magnification, high definition and large depth of field can be obtained.

[0031] In some embodiments, the superlens is a non-achromatic superlens; the control light source illuminates the object to be imaged, including: controlling the red light sub-source, the green light sub-source and the blue light sub-source of the control light source to emit light in sequence, or controlling the light source of one color in the red light sub-source, the green light sub-source and the blue light sub-source of the control light source to emit light; the superlens is controlled to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, including: when the red light sub-source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the superlens to move so that the object distance is u 1-1 when the green light sub-source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the superlens to move so that the object distance is u 1-2 when the blue light sub-source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the superlens to move so that the object distance is u 1-3 ; wherein u 1-1 ≠ u 1-2 ≠ u 1-3 ; generating an image according to the electrical signal, including: when the red light sub-source, the green light sub-source and the blue light sub-source of the control light source emit light in sequence, the image sensor receives the electrical signal corresponding to the monochromatic light generated by the superlens when each color sub-source emits light alone, and generates an image according to the electrical signals corresponding to the three colors of light.

[0032] In some embodiments, the superlens is a non-achromatic superlens; the control light source illuminates the object to be imaged, including: controlling the red light sub-source, the green light sub-source and the blue light sub-source of the control light source to emit light in sequence, or controlling the light source of one color in the red light sub-source, the green light sub-source and the blue light sub-source of the control light source to emit light; the superlens is controlled to move to n positions and focus respectively, including: when the red light sub-source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the superlens to move to A 2-1 , A 2-2 to A 2-n n positions and focus respectively, A 2-1 , A 2-2 to A 2-nThe object distance gradually increases at the n positions; when the green sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the metasurface lens to move to B 2-1 , B 2-2 to B 2-n n positions and focus respectively, B 2-1 , B 2-2 to B 2-n n positions; when the blue sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the metasurface lens to move to C 2-1 , C 2-2 to C 2-n n positions and focus respectively; C 2-1 , C 2-2 to C 2-n n positions; wherein the object distance at A 2-p , B 2-p , C 2-p is not equal, and p is an integer, 1≤p≤n.

[0033] The image sensor receives the light emitted by the metasurface lens at the n positions, and correspondingly generates n sets of electrical signals, including: when the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the control light source emit light in turn, the red sub-light source emits light alone, the image sensor correspondingly generates n sets of electrical signals corresponding to the red light, the green sub-light source emits light alone, the image sensor correspondingly generates n sets of electrical signals corresponding to the green light, and the blue sub-light source emits light alone, the image sensor correspondingly generates n sets of electrical signals corresponding to the blue light.

[0034] According to the n sets of electrical signals, an image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm, including: when the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the control light source emit light in turn, a first image is generated according to the n sets of electrical signals corresponding to the red light by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm, a second image is generated according to the n sets of electrical signals corresponding to the green light by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm, a third image is generated according to the n sets of electrical signals corresponding to the blue light by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm, and a final image is synthesized according to the first image, the second image and the third image.

[0035] By using the microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiment, when the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the control light source emit light in turn, a color microscopic image with high magnification, high definition and large depth of field can be obtained. When one of the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the control light source emits light, a black and white microscopic image with high magnification, high definition and large depth of field can be obtained.

[0036] The embodiment of the present application provides a lens module, an imaging module, a microscopic imaging method and an electronic device, which have the following beneficial effects: the super-structured lens arranged in the lens module can process specific color light emitted by a light source, the light source is used for lighting a to-be-imaged object, the light reflected by the to-be-imaged object is shot at the super-structured lens, and the super-structured lens is controlled to move and focus by an automatic focusing module. The lens module can realize photographing of a micro object and has the characteristics of miniaturization. The super-structured lens is designed to have high magnification and a large numerical aperture, the to-be-imaged object is lighted by the light source, the reflected light of the to-be-imaged object can be matched with the working wavelength band of the super-structured lens, and meanwhile, there is still enough light reflected by the to-be-imaged object in the case that the to-be-imaged object is close to the to-be-imaged object during microscopic photographing, and finally a microscopic image with high magnification and high definition can be obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 An application simplified schematic diagram of a lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0038] Figure 2 A simplified schematic diagram of a super-structured lens in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 3 An application simplified schematic diagram of another lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0040] Figure 4 An imaging light path schematic diagram of a super-structured lens provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0041] Figure 5 An imaging light path schematic diagram of another super-structured lens provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0042] Figure 6 A top view schematic diagram of a nanometer column in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0043] Figure 7 A top view of another lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0044] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0045] Figure 9 A top view schematic diagram of a lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 8 A top view schematic diagram of a lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0046] Figure 10 A sectional view schematic diagram of a lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 9 A sectional view schematic diagram of a lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0047] Figure 11 A simplified schematic diagram of another lens module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0048] Figure 12 Another lens module provided by an embodiment of the present application is simplified schematic view;

[0049] Figure 13 Another imaging module provided by an embodiment of the present application is schematic view;

[0050] Figure 14 Provided by an embodiment of the present application is a top view schematic view of the imaging module; Figure 13

[0051] Provided by an embodiment of the present application is a top view schematic view of the imaging module; Figure 15 Figure 14 Provided by an embodiment of the present application is a cross-sectional view at the tangent B-B' position;

[0052] Figure 16 Provided by an embodiment of the present application is a color filter filtering schematic view;

[0053] Figure 17 Provided by an embodiment of the present application is a schematic view of an electronic device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Some mobile phone lenses can currently achieve macro photography functions, which are usually mounted on wide-angle lenses or long-focus lenses to achieve close-up magnification imaging. However, due to the large imaging distance, which is usually tens of centimeters or a few centimeters, the magnification of macro photography is relatively small. The optical magnification of macro photography is basically below 0.5X, and the NA (Numerical Aperture) is generally less than 0.2, resulting in low resolution. The macro photography scheme cannot meet the needs of microscopic photography.

[0055] The current scheme of using an external terminal lens to achieve microscopic imaging needs to manually align the center of the external lens with the center of the mobile phone lens when in use. This external scheme has the problem of low imaging clarity. In addition, due to the mismatch of the field of view of the external lens and the mobile phone lens, the imaging is always in a partial area, which cannot match the entire field of view of the mobile phone lens. It can be seen that the scheme of the external terminal lens cannot well meet the scene needs of portable microscopic imaging.

[0056] ​Based on the problems in the related art, the embodiments of the present application provide a lens module which can realize shooting of a micro object and has the characteristics of miniaturization. The lens module can be used for shooting and recording images of a terminal device to realize a microscopic imaging function. For example, the lens module can be applied to shooting videos and photos of scenes of portable electronic products such as mobile phones, tablet computers, and monitors. In the lens module, a light source is arranged to light a to-be-imaged object, the light reflected by the to-be-imaged object is directed to a superlens, and the light is directed to an image sensor after being processed by the superlens. During this process, an autofocus module is used to control the movement of the superlens for focusing. The image sensor generates an electrical signal after receiving the light, and an image is generated by using the electrical signal. The superlens is designed to realize high magnification and large numerical aperture of the imaging system, and the light source is arranged to light the to-be-imaged object, which can match the working wavelength band of the superlens and also enable sufficient light to be reflected by the to-be-imaged object at a close distance during microscopic shooting. Finally, a microscopic image with high magnification and high definition can be obtained.

[0057] Figure 1 An application of the lens module provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in a simplified schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1 The lens module includes a superlens 10, an autofocus module 30, and a light source 40. In the application, the lens module and an image sensor 20 form an imaging module. The to-be-imaged object 00 is arranged on the object side of the superlens 10, and the image sensor 20 is arranged on the image side of the superlens 10. The superlens 10 is used to process light of a specific wavelength emitted by the light source 40. The superlens 10 includes a substrate 11 and a nano pillar array, and the nano pillar array includes a plurality of nano pillars 12. By designing the height, shape, and arrangement of the plurality of nano pillars 12, the wavefront phase can be controlled, so that the superlens 10 has high magnification and large numerical aperture.

[0058] In the application, the light source 40 is used to light the to-be-imaged object 00, and the light reflected by the to-be-imaged object 00 after being emitted by the light source 40 is directed to the superlens 10. The superlens 10 is used to process the reflected light and make the processed light form an image. The autofocus module 30 is used to control the movement of the superlens 10 relative to the to-be-imaged object and focus. Alternatively, the autofocus module 30 is used to control the movement of the superlens 10 along a direction e perpendicular to the plane of the image sensor 20 and focus. The autofocus module 30 is used to control the movement of the superlens 10 to adjust the object distance and the image distance for focusing. By Figure 1As shown in the schematic view, when the object to be imaged 00 is fixed, the superlens 10 can be moved up and down to adjust the distance between the superlens 10 and the image sensor 20, that is, to adjust the image distance of the imaging by the superlens 10. The reflected light of the object to be imaged 00 is emitted to the image sensor 20 after being processed by the superlens 10; the image sensor 20 receives the light processed by the superlens 10 to generate an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is processed to generate an image. Figure 1 The automatic focusing module 30 is only schematically shown in the figure. Alternatively, the automatic focusing module 30 includes a driving motor, and the driving motor controls the movement of the superlens 10.

[0059] As shown in the schematic view, Figure 1 The plurality of nanorods 12 in the superlens 10 are located on the side of the substrate 11 away from the image sensor 20, that is, the plurality of nanorods 12 are arranged on the side of the substrate 11 close to the object to be imaged 00. The plurality of nanorods 12 are arranged into a first nanorod array on one side of the substrate 11. Alternatively, the substrate 11 includes but is not limited to a quartz substrate, a silicon oxide substrate, a silicon substrate, a diamond substrate, etc. The refractive index of the nanorod 12 is different from that of the substrate 11, and the material of the nanorod 12 includes TiO2 (titanium dioxide), Si3N4 (silicon nitride), GaN (gallium nitride), Si (silicon), GaAs (gallium arsenide), AlN (aluminum nitride), etc. The plurality of nanorods 12 in the superlens 10 have a rotational symmetry structure.

[0060] Figure 2 The superlens is a simplified schematic view of the embodiment of the present application. As shown in the schematic view, Figure 2 Along the radial direction of the superlens 10, from the center to the edge, m regions are divided, respectively, region p-1, region p-1, region p-3 to region p-m, and m is a positive integer. A plurality of nanorods are arranged in each region. The structure and size of the nanorod in each region are designed according to the phase distribution requirement, which can meet the requirements of optical magnification and numerical aperture in microscopic imaging, and can also take into account the imaging of objects at different object distances.

[0061] Figure 1 The plurality of nanorods 12 of the superlens 10 are located on the side of the substrate 11 close to the object to be imaged 00. Alternatively, a diaphragm is arranged on the side of the substrate 11 away from the object to be imaged 00, which can suppress stray light and improve imaging quality.

[0062] In other embodiments, Figure 3 The application provides another application of the lens module, Figure 3 The image sensor 20 is schematically shown in the figure. As shown in the schematic view, Figure 3As shown, the superlens 10 includes a plurality of first nanorods 13 and a plurality of second nanorods 14, which are respectively located on two sides of the substrate 11. The plurality of first nanorods 13 constitutes a first nanorod array, and the plurality of second nanorods 14 constitutes a second nanorod array. Both the first nanorod array and the second nanorod array are rotationally symmetric designs, and the two can adopt different arrangements, so as to provide more design freedom and improve imaging quality. In other embodiments, the superlens 10 is provided with only a nanorod array on the side thereof facing the image sensor 20, which is not shown in the figure.

[0063] In some embodiments, the lens module can further include an optical film such as a convex lens, a prism, or the like, which is stacked with the superlens 10.

[0064] In some embodiments, the superlens 10 in the embodiments of the present application is an achromatic superlens, which can perform achromatic imaging on light of red, green and blue colors. That is, the focal lengths of the superlens 10 under three specific wavelengths are the same, and the light of the three wavelengths is focused at the same position without chromatic aberration. For example, the superlens 10 can be applicable to a blue light center wavelength range of 420-500 nm, a green light center wavelength range of 500 nm-600 nm, and a red light center wavelength range of 600 nm-700 nm. Figure 4 An imaging light path schematic diagram of a superlens provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown. Figure 4 The light paths of red light R, green light G and blue light B are shown. Figure 4 As can be seen, the distance between the object 01 and the superlens 10 is d1, and the distance between the superlens 10 and the imaging surface 02 is d2. The three colors of light emitted by the object 01 are imaged on the same imaging surface 02.

[0065] In other embodiments, the superlens 10 is a non-achromatic superlens. Compared with the achromatic superlens, the non-achromatic superlens has lower design difficulty and is easier to manufacture. Figure 5 Another imaging light path schematic diagram of a superlens provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the distance between the object 01 and the superlens 10 is d1, and the red light R, green light G and blue light B emitted by the object 01 are imaged at positions A1, A2 and A3, respectively, after being affected by the superlens 10. That is, the focal lengths of the superlens 10 under three specific wavelengths are different, and the light of the three colors is imaged at different positions.

[0066] Figure 6 A top view of the nanorods in the embodiments of the present application is shown. Figure 6The five kinds of nanocolumn shapes are shown in (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e), (a) is a conventional square nanocolumn, (b), (c), (d), and (e) are nanocolumns obtained by combining two square nanocolumns. The nanocolumn 12 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to the above shapes. Taking (b), (c), (d), and (e) as examples, by combining the design of the respective sizes of the two square nanocolumns, the relative positions of the two square nanocolumns, the relative rotation angles of the two square nanocolumns, and the like, the achromatic design under different phases can be met, so that the super-structure lens 10 has the achromatic function matching three specific wavelengths.

[0067] Figure 7 Another top view of the lens module provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present application, the light source 40 and the super-structure lens 10 are shown. Figure 7 As shown, the light source 40 includes a carrier plate 401, which is arranged around the main axis direction of the super-structure lens 10. It can be understood that Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present application, the main axis of the super-structure lens is perpendicular to the paper. The carrier plate 401 is fixed with a plurality of sub-light sources, including a red sub-light source 40r, a green sub-light source 40g, and a blue sub-light source 40b. The plurality of red sub-light sources 40r, the plurality of green sub-light sources 40g, and the plurality of blue sub-light sources 40b are arranged into a circular light source array. Each sub-light source can be a micro light-emitting light source, such as a Micro LED, a mini LED, or the like. Optionally, the central wavelength range of the blue light emitted by the blue sub-light source 40b is 420-500 nm, the central wavelength range of the green light emitted by the green sub-light source 40g is 500-600 nm, and the central wavelength range of the red light emitted by the red sub-light source 40r is 600-700 nm. And the FHWM (full width at half maximum) of the spectrum of each sub-light source is ≤30 nm. Such a setting ensures that the light emitted by the light source 40 and then reflected by the object to be imaged can match the narrowband requirement of the super-structure lens 10.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the projection direction of the light source 40 to the plane where the super-structure lens 10 is located is parallel to the top view direction, and Figure 7 As can be seen from the top view, the orthographic projection of the light source 40 in the plane where the super-structure lens 10 is located surrounds the super-structure lens 10. Optionally, one red sub-light source 40r, one green sub-light source 40g, and one blue sub-light source 40b form a light-emitting unit 40Y, and a plurality of light-emitting units 40Y are arranged around the super-structure lens 10. In the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of sub-light sources in the light source 40 are dispersedly arranged around the super-structure lens 10, and in the application, the light source 40 illuminates the object to be imaged 00 from the side and the four sides of the super-structure lens 10, which can uniformly illuminate each position of the object to be imaged 00, thereby making the imaging of the object to be imaged 00 more stereoscopic and clear.

[0069] In some embodiments, the auto-focusing module 30 can control the superlens 10 and the light source 40 to move synchronously during the imaging focusing process. Figure 8 Another schematic diagram of the lens module provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 3B. Figure 9 As shown in FIG. 3B, the lens module includes a superlens 10, a light source 40, and an auto-focusing module 30. Figure 8 A top view of the lens module is shown in FIG. 3C. Figure 10 As shown in FIG. 3C, the lens module includes a superlens 10, a light source 40, and an auto-focusing module 30. Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the lens module at the tangent A-A' position is shown in FIG. 3D. Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 3D, the auto-focusing module 30 includes a bracket 31 having a lens mounting hole (not shown in the figure) in which the superlens 10 is mounted, and the light source 40 is fixedly connected with the bracket 31 and surrounds the lens mounting hole. The figure shows a carrier board 401 and a plurality of light emitting units 40Y in the light source 40. The auto-focusing module 30 further includes a base 32 and a driving assembly 33 connected between the bracket 31 and the base 32. The driving assembly 33 is used to drive the bracket 31 to move relative to the base 32, so as to control the superlens 10 to move relative to the object to be imaged, thereby realizing auto-focusing.

[0070] Specifically, the base 32 includes a base plate part 321 and a support column 322 fixed to the surface of the base plate part 321 close to the bracket 31. Optionally, the base 32 includes two support columns 322. The driving assembly 33 is connected between the bracket 31 and the support column 322 of the base 32, so that the driving assembly 33 supports the bracket 31 on the base 32, and is used to realize the driving assembly 33 driving the bracket 31 to move relative to the base plate part 321 of the base 32, thereby realizing auto-focusing. Figure 10 As can be seen, the base plate part 321 includes a through hole 3211 to ensure that the light emitted by the superlens 10 can be emitted to the image sensor via the through hole 3211.

[0071] Figure 8 to Figure 10 As shown in FIG. 3E, the driving assembly 33 adopts a structure composed of a coil 331 and a magnet 332, so that the volume of the driving assembly 33 can be designed to be smaller, and the volume of the lens module can be reduced. In other embodiments, the driving assembly 33 can adopt a shape memory alloy (SMA) driving assembly to form an SMA driving motor. The SMA driving motor has the characteristics of large driving force and small volume.

[0072] In addition, the auto-focusing module 30 further includes a focusing driving chip (not shown in the figure) connected with the driving assembly 33. Figure 8(not shown), the focus driving chip is electrically connected to the driving component 33, and the focus driving chip is used to receive a control signal and control the driving component 33 to drive the bracket 31 to move relative to the base 32 in response to the control signal, thereby controlling the movement of the meta-lens 10 to achieve automatic focus.

[0073] In other embodiments, the light source 40 surrounds the metalens 10 and is fixedly connected to the metalens 10 along the principal axis thereof. The autofocus module 30 includes a bracket having a lens mounting hole, into which the metalens 10 and the light source 40 are mounted. This arrangement also enables the autofocus module 30 to control the synchronous movement of the metalens 10 and the light source 40, ensuring that the metalens 10 receives the maximum amount of reflected light from the object to be imaged, reducing light loss and improving imaging quality.

[0074] Figure 8 to Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the light source 40 is fixed to the bracket 31, so that the autofocus module 30 can control the synchronous movement of the metalens 10 and the light source 40. In other embodiments, the light source 40 is fixedly connected to the base 32, that is, the position of the light source 40 relative to the base 32 in the autofocus module 30 is fixed. When the autofocus module 30 controls the metalens 10 to move and focus, the position of the light source 40 remains fixed. This is not illustrated here.

[0075] In other embodiments, Figure 11 This is a simplified schematic diagram of another lens module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 12 A simplified schematic diagram of another lens module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 Only the meta-lens 10, the light source 40 and the object to be imaged 00 are shown schematically. The light source 40 includes a carrier plate 401 and a plurality of sub-light sources 40z located on the carrier plate 401. Figure 10 It can be seen that the sub-light source 40z in the light source 40 is tilted relative to the plane of the metalens 10. The red light R, green light G, and blue light B emitted by the light source 40 are directed toward the object to be imaged 00, and then respectively reflected by the object to be imaged 00 and then incident on the metalens 10.

[0076] Combine Figure 12 From the perspective of FIG. 4 , the sub-light source 40z has a light emitting surface 50 ; on the light emitting direction side of the light emitting surface 50 , the light emitting surface 50 and the plane where the meta-lens 10 is located form an angle θ, which is an obtuse angle. Figure 11 In this embodiment, the light emitting surface 50 of the sub-light source 40z is tilted, so that each sub-light source 40z can emit light toward the object to be imaged 00 in application, so that more light is reflected by the object to be imaged 00, thereby improving light utilization.

[0077] In some embodiments, the working mode of the light source 40 in one imaging process includes at least one of the following: a first working mode in which all the red, green and blue sub-light sources 40r, 40g and 40b in the light source 40 emit light; a second working mode in which only one color of light source in the red, green and blue sub-light sources 40r, 40g and 40b in the light source 40 emits light; and a third working mode in which the red, green and blue sub-light sources 40r, 40g and 40b in the light source 40 emit light in sequence. The automatic focusing module 30 controls the movement of the super lens 10 in cooperation with the working mode of the light source 40, and the working mode of the light source 40 also needs to be set in cooperation with the type of the super lens 10. For example, when the super lens 10 is an achromatic super lens, the first working mode or the second working mode can be used for imaging; when the super lens 10 is a non-achromatic super lens, the second working mode or the third working mode can be used for imaging. In the following imaging method embodiments, the application of each working mode of the light source 40 will be described.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, the automatic focusing module 30 is used to detect the position of the object to be imaged, and controls the movement of the super lens 20 to focus so that the object distance u and the image distance v satisfy the following relationship: 0.2*v≤u≤v. The lens module provided in the embodiments of the present application can realize 1X-5X optical magnification imaging and realize high magnification microscopic imaging.

[0079] Specifically, the automatic focusing module 30 can detect the distance between the object to be imaged and the super lens 20, and then control the movement of the super lens 20 to focus according to the distance detection result. Optionally, the automatic focusing module 30 sends an infrared signal, and then receives the infrared light reflected by the object to be imaged to calculate the distance and the focusing position.

[0080] In some embodiments, the auto-focusing module 30 is also configured to control the superlens 20 to move to n positions and focus respectively in coordination with the working mode of the light source 40, where n is an integer and n≥2. Optionally, the n positions can be preset positions in the system, the object distance of the superlens 20 at the n positions is different, and the interval between any two adjacent positions in the n positions is related to the depth of field at the two positions. For example, if position 1 and position 2 are adjacent, the clear range of imaging at position 1 is ±x1, and the clear range of imaging at position 2 is ±x2, then the interval between position 1 and position 2 is set to x1+x2. The n positions can be set according to the design requirements of the lens module, for example, the lens module is designed to achieve 3X optical magnification, and when the object distance is u0, the superlens 20 is at position 1 to achieve 3X optical magnification imaging, then n positions are selected in front and back of position 1 according to the depth of field relationship, the object distance of the superlens 20 at the n positions is different, and the information of the n positions is burned into the focusing drive chip of the auto-focusing module 30. In application, the auto-focusing module 30 controls the superlens 20 to move to n positions and focus respectively, the image sensor also receives n sets of electrical signals corresponding to the light after the action of the superlens 20 at the n positions, and one set of electrical signals corresponds to the information of one frame of image; the image sensor 10 transmits the n sets of electrical signals to the image processor, and the image processor can generate an image by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm in response to the n sets of electrical signals. In application, the position of the object to be imaged relative to the imaging module is fixed, and n times of focusing are performed when the superlens 20 moves to n positions and focuses respectively, and the focal points of the n times of focusing correspond to different parts on the object to be imaged. Then, the n sets of electrical signals correspond to image information at n different focal points on the object to be imaged, and each set of image information has its own depth of field. In the embodiment of the present application, the n sets of electrical signals are generated into an image by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm, which can expand the depth of field of microscopic imaging and improve the image yield.

[0081] The embodiment of the present application also provides an imaging module, which comprises an image sensor and a lens module, the image sensor is located on the image side of the superlens, and the image sensor is configured to receive light emitted by the superlens and generate electrical signals. Figure 13 Another schematic diagram of the imaging module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 14 The imaging module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 13 The top view of the imaging module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 15 The imaging module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 14 The cross-sectional view of the imaging module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 13 to Figure 15 The imaging module provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 8 to Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the lens module is shown in FIG. 6. For the structures in the lens module, please refer to the description of the lens module in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 to Figure 10The embodiment is understood. The imaging module further includes a circuit board 72, which can be a flexible circuit board or a printed circuit board, and the image sensor 20 is coupled to the circuit board 72, and the circuit board 72 is provided with a pin area 73, and the pin area 73 includes a plurality of pins. The plurality of pins are used for plugging with a processor for signal transmission. In an application, the electronic device includes an image processor, and the image processor generates an image in response to an electrical signal generated by the image sensor 20.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present application, the image sensor 20 includes a plurality of light sensing units and a plurality of filters, and one filter corresponds to one light sensing unit. The light sensing unit generates an electrical signal after receiving light. The filter includes a red filter, a green filter and a blue filter. Figure 16 The filter is a schematic diagram of the filter. As shown in Figure 16 , the red filter 22r only allows red light R to pass through, the green filter 22g only allows green light G to pass through, and the blue filter 22b only allows blue light B to pass through. Optionally, the red filter 22r, the blue filter 22b and the two green filters 22g are arranged as shown in Figure 16 to form a pixel unit, and a plurality of pixel units are arranged in an array in the image sensor 20.

[0083] The light sensing unit corresponding to the red filter 22r in the image sensor 20 receives red light and generates intensity information of red light, the light sensing unit corresponding to the green filter 22g receives green light and generates intensity information of green light, and the light sensing unit corresponding to the blue filter 22b receives blue light and generates intensity information of blue light. That is, the image sensor 20 can generate an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity information of the three colors of light, and subsequently generate a color image according to the intensity information of the three colors of light.

[0084] The embodiment of the present application also provides a microscopic imaging method, which is combined with Figure 1 the schematic lens module to understand the imaging method. The microscopic imaging method includes:

[0085] The light source 40 is controlled to light the object 00 to be imaged, and the light emitted by the light source 40 towards the object 00 to be imaged is reflected and then enters the super-structured lens 10; wherein the light source 40 includes a plurality of sub-light sources, and the plurality of sub-light sources include a red sub-light source 40r, a green sub-light source 40g and a blue sub-light source 40b.

[0086] The super-structured lens 10 processes the input reflected light and emits it;

[0087] The super-structured lens 10 is controlled to move relative to the object 00 to be imaged and focus, so that the light emitted by the super-structured lens 10 is imaged on the image sensor 20; optionally, the automatic focusing module 30 is used to control the super-structured lens 10 to move and focus.

[0088] The image sensor 20 receives the light emitted by the meta-lens 10 and generates an electrical signal.

[0089] An image is generated according to the electrical signal generated by the image sensor 20. In an application, an image processor in the electronic device is coupled with the image sensor, and the image processor generates an image in response to the electrical signal.

[0090] When the object 00 to be imaged is photographed, the light source 40 is used to light the object 00 to be imaged, so that there is enough light reflected by the object 00 to be imaged when the distance between the object 00 to be imaged and the meta-lens 10 is close during microscopic imaging, and the reflected light by the object 00 to be imaged can be matched with the working wavelength of the meta-lens 10, and the meta-lens 10 can be designed to have a high magnification and a large numerical aperture. By using the microscopic imaging method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the finally generated image can have a high magnification and a high definition.

[0091] In some embodiments, the meta-lens 10 is an achromatic meta-lens, and the following working modes of the light source 40 are used in cooperation with the meta-lens 10: in one imaging process, all the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 are controlled to emit light; or in one imaging process, the light source of one color among the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 is controlled to emit light. The specific microscopic imaging method is described below.

[0092] The microscopic imaging method provided in the embodiments of the present application is as follows:

[0093] The light source 40 is controlled to light the object 00 to be imaged, wherein all the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 are controlled to emit light to light the object 00 to be imaged, and the red light, the blue light and the green light reflected by the object 00 to be imaged are respectively emitted to the meta-lens 10.

[0094] The automatic focusing module 30 is used to control the movement of the meta-lens 10 relative to the object to be imaged and focus. For example, the position of the object 00 to be imaged is fixed, the meta-lens 10 is controlled to move so that the object distance is u 1-0 , and clear imaging can be obtained, then the control of the movement of the meta-lens 10 is stopped, the position of the meta-lens 10 is fixed, and the object distance is u 1-0 , and the focusing is completed. Since the meta-lens 10 is an achromatic meta-lens, the focal lengths of the red, green and blue lights to the meta-lens 10 are the same, and the reflected lights of the red, green and blue colors can be imaged on the same imaging surface.

[0095] After the focusing is completed, the image sensor 20 receives the light emitted by the superlens 10 and generates an electric signal. The light emitted after being processed by the superlens 10 includes red light, green light and blue light, and the electric signal generated by the corresponding image sensor 20 includes red, green and blue color information of the object to be imaged. Then, an image is generated according to the electric signal generated by the image sensor 20.

[0096] The microscopic imaging method provided in this embodiment can obtain a high-magnification and high-definition color microscopic image.

[0097] Another microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0098] The light source 40 is controlled to illuminate the object to be imaged 00, wherein the light source of one color in the red light sub-light source 40r, the green light sub-light source 40g and the blue light sub-light source 40b of the light source 40 is controlled to emit light to illuminate the object to be imaged 00. Taking the red light sub-light source 40r as an example, the red light reflected by the object to be imaged 00 is emitted to the superlens 10.

[0099] The superlens 10 is controlled to move relative to the object to be imaged by the automatic focusing module 30 and focus. When the position of the object to be imaged 00 is fixed, the superlens 10 is controlled to move so that the object distance is u 1-0 , clear imaging can be obtained, and the control of the movement of the superlens 10 is stopped. The position of the superlens 10 is fixed, the object distance is u 1-0 , and the focusing is completed.

[0100] After the focusing is completed, the image sensor 20 receives the light emitted by the superlens 10 and generates an electric signal. Since only one color sub-light source emits light, the light emitted after being processed by the superlens 10 is only of one color, and the corresponding image sensor 20 generates an electric signal corresponding to the monochromatic light. The electric signal corresponding to the monochromatic light only includes intensity information corresponding to one color of light. Then, a black and white image is generated according to the electric signal generated by the image sensor 20.

[0101] The microscopic imaging method provided in this embodiment can obtain a high-magnification and high-definition black and white microscopic image. When a black and white image needs to be taken in application, one of the red light sub-light source 40r, the green light sub-light source 40g and the blue light sub-light source 40b can be selected to illuminate the object to be imaged according to the color characteristics of the object to be imaged, so as to ensure the final imaging effect.

[0102] The above two embodiments illustrate two working modes of the light source 40 cooperating with the superlens 10 in the imaging method when the superlens 10 is an achromatic superlens. It can be understood that the focal lengths of red, green and blue lights on the achromatic superlens are the same, and when the position of the object 00 to be imaged is fixed, the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 are controlled to emit light at the same time, and the superlens 10 is controlled to move to complete focusing when the object distance is u 1-0 . It can be understood that when the position of the object 00 to be imaged is fixed, the focusing positions of the superlens 10 in the two shooting modes are the same. It can be understood that when the same object to be imaged and the same focusing position are shot, such as switching from shooting a color microscopic image to shooting a black and white microscopic image, the superlens 10 does not need to be controlled to move to complete focusing. 1-0 . It can be understood that when the position of the object 00 to be imaged is fixed, the focusing positions of the superlens 10 in the two shooting modes are the same. It can be understood that when the same object to be imaged and the same focusing position are shot, such as switching from shooting a color microscopic image to shooting a black and white microscopic image, the superlens 10 does not need to be controlled to move to complete focusing.

[0103] Another microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0104] The light source 40 is controlled to light the object 00 to be imaged, wherein the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 are controlled to emit light at the same time to light the object 00 to be imaged, and the red light, the blue light and the green light reflected by the object 00 to be imaged are respectively shot to the superlens 10.

[0105] The superlens 10 is controlled by the automatic focusing module 30 to move to n positions and focus respectively; n is an integer, n≥2. The object distances of the superlens 10 at the n positions are different, and the interval between two adjacent positions in the n positions is related to the depth of field at the two adjacent positions. Optionally, n different positions are preset in the automatic focusing module 30 system. Specifically, the position of the object 00 to be imaged is fixed, the superlens 10 is controlled by the automatic focusing module 30 to move to A1-1, A1-2 to A1-n, a total of n positions and focus respectively, and the object distances at A1-1, A1-2 to A1-n, a total of n positions gradually increase. Since the superlens 10 is an achromatic superlens, the reflected lights of red, green and blue colors can be imaged on the same imaging surface at each time of focusing. After n times of focusing by controlling the superlens 10 to move to n positions, the red, green and blue lights emitted by the superlens 10 can form clear optical imaging.

[0106] After focusing, the image sensor 20 receives light emitted by the metalens 10 and generates electrical signals. Each electrical signal generated after focusing includes intensity information for the three colors red, green, and blue. The image sensor 20 receives light emitted by the metalens 10 when the metalens 10 is at n positions and generates n sets of electrical signals accordingly. Each set of electrical signals corresponds to a single frame of image information.

[0107] Then, based on the n groups of electrical signals, a multi-frame fusion algorithm is used to generate an image.

[0108] During the imaging process, the metalens 10 is controlled to move to n positions and focus separately. The n focus points correspond to different parts of the object to be imaged 00. The n sets of electrical signals generated by the image sensor 20 correspond to the image information at n different focal points on the object to be imaged 00. Each set of image information not only includes the intensity information of the three colors of light (red, green, and blue), but also has its own depth of field. Finally, a multi-frame fusion algorithm is used to process the n sets of electrical signals to obtain a color image with a large depth of field. The microscopic imaging method provided by this embodiment can produce microscopic images with high magnification, high definition, and a large depth of field.

[0109] Another microscopic imaging method provided in the embodiments of the present application is as follows:

[0110] The light source 40 is controlled to illuminate the object to be imaged 00. Specifically, one of the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g, and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 is controlled to emit light to illuminate the object to be imaged 00. For example, when the red sub-light source 40r is controlled to emit light, the red light reflected by the object to be imaged 00 is directed toward the metalens 10.

[0111] The autofocus module 30 is used to control the metalens 10 to move to n positions relative to the object to be imaged and focus on each position; n is an integer, n ≥ 2. Specifically, the position of the object to be imaged 00 is fixed, and the autofocus module 30 controls the metalens 10 to move to n positions, A1-1, A1-2, through A1-n, and focus on each position. The object distance at n positions, A1-1, A1-2, through A1-n, gradually increases. Because the metalens 10 is an achromatic metalens, the focal lengths of red, green, and blue light on the metalens 10 are the same. Therefore, the n focus positions at which the metalens 10 moves when any one of the three color sub-light sources is emitting light can be set to be the same as the n focus positions at which the metalens 10 moves when all three color sub-light sources are emitting light.

[0112] After the focusing is completed, the image sensor 20 receives the light emitted by the superlens 10 and generates an electrical signal corresponding to the monochromatic light, and the electrical signal generated after each focusing only includes the intensity information of one color light. Then the image sensor 20 receives the light emitted by the superlens 10 at n positions of the superlens 10 respectively, and correspondingly generates n groups of electrical signals; one group of electrical signals corresponds to the information of one frame of image, and each group of electrical signals includes the intensity information of one color light. Then according to the n groups of electrical signals, a multi-frame fusion algorithm can be used to generate a black and white image.

[0113] The micro-imaging method provided by the embodiment only uses one color light to light the object 00 to be imaged, so that the n groups of electrical signals only include the intensity information of one color light, and the images corresponding to the n groups of electrical signals have different depths of field. The imaging method can obtain a black and white microscopic image with high magnification, high definition and large depth of field.

[0114] The above two embodiments illustrate two imaging methods for obtaining large-depth-of-field color microscopic images and large-depth-of-field black and white microscopic images when the superlens 10 is an achromatic superlens. It can be understood that the focal lengths of red, green and blue lights on the achromatic superlens are the same, and when the two working modes of the light source 40 are used, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the superlens 10 to move to n positions (A1-1, A1-2 to A1-n, a total of n positions), and the n positions can be used for the above two imaging methods.

[0115] In other embodiments, the superlens 10 is a non-achromatic superlens, and the following working modes of the light source 40 are used in cooperation with the superlens 10: in one imaging process, the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b of the light source 40 are controlled to emit light in sequence; or in one imaging process, one color light source of the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b of the light source 40 is controlled to emit light. The specific microscopic imaging method is described below.

[0116] Another microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows:

[0117] The red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b of the light source 40 are controlled to emit light in sequence to light the object 00 to be imaged. The specific emission sequence of the three color light sources is not limited.

[0118] In each color sub-light source, the automatic focusing module 30 is used to control the superlens 10 to move and focus. When the red sub-light source 40r emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the superlens 10 to move so that the object distance is u 1-1focus is completed; when the green sub-light source 40g emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the metasurface lens 10 to move so that the object distance is u 1-2 focus is completed; when the blue sub-light source 40b emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the metasurface lens 10 to move so that the object distance is u 1-3 focus is completed; u 1-1 ≠ u 1-2 ≠ u 1-3 It can be understood that, since the metasurface lens 10 is a non-achromatic metasurface lens, the red, green and blue lights cannot be imaged on the same imaging plane after passing through the non-achromatic metasurface lens, and thus the metasurface lens 10 needs to be controlled to move to different object distance positions and focus respectively when each color sub-light source emits light alone.

[0119] When each color sub-light source emits light alone, the image sensor 20 receives the light after the action of the metasurface lens 10 to generate an electric signal corresponding to a single-color light. After the three color sub-light sources emit light in sequence, the image sensor 20 generates electric signals corresponding to three color lights respectively.

[0120] Then a color image can be generated according to the electric signals corresponding to the three color lights respectively.

[0121] The microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiment controls the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 to emit light in sequence, and obtains an electric signal corresponding to a color light when each color sub-light source emits light alone, and then a color image with high magnification and high definition can be generated according to the three single-color electric signals.

[0122] The embodiment of the present application also provides another microscopic imaging method, which is specifically as follows:

[0123] The red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 are controlled to emit light of one color to light the object 00 to be imaged. In the application, one of the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b can be selected to light the object to be imaged according to the color characteristics of the object to be imaged, so as to ensure the final imaging effect.

[0124] When one color sub-light source emits light alone, the metasurface lens 10 is controlled to move and focus by the automatic focusing module 30. When the red sub-light source 40r is controlled to light, the metasurface lens 10 is controlled to move so that the object distance is u 1-1 by the automatic focusing module 30, and focus is completed; when the green sub-light source 40g is controlled to light, the metasurface lens 10 is controlled to move so that the object distance is u 1-2focus is completed; when the blue sub-light source 40b is controlled to light, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the superlens 10 to move so that the object distance is u 1-3 focus is completed; u 1-1 ≠ u 1-2 ≠ u 1-3 It can be understood that, since the superlens 10 is a non-achromatic superlens, the red, green and blue lights cannot be imaged on the same imaging plane after passing through the non-achromatic superlens, and therefore, when the different color sub-light sources are used to light, the superlens 10 needs to be controlled to move to different object distance positions and focus.

[0125] After the focusing is completed, the image sensor 20 receives the light emitted by the superlens 10 and generates an electrical signal. Since only one color sub-light source emits light, the light emitted after being processed by the superlens 10 is only one color, and the image sensor 20 generates an electrical signal corresponding to the monochromatic light. The electrical signal corresponding to the monochromatic light only includes intensity information corresponding to one color of light. Then, a black and white image is generated according to the electrical signal generated by the image sensor 20.

[0126] The microscopic imaging method provided in this embodiment can obtain a high magnification and high definition black and white microscopic image.

[0127] The above two embodiments illustrate two working modes of the light source 40 cooperating with the superlens 10 in the imaging method when the superlens 10 is a non-achromatic superlens. It can be understood that the focal lengths of the red, green and blue lights on the achromatic superlens are different, and when each sub-light source of the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b emits light alone, the focusing position needs to be set respectively, that is, u 1-1 ≠ u 1-2 ≠ u 1-3 .

[0128] Another microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiments of the present application is as follows:

[0129] The red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 are controlled to emit light in sequence to light the object to be imaged 00. The specific light emission sequence of the three color light sources is not limited.

[0130] When each color sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 is used to control the superlens 10 to move to n positions and focus respectively. When the red sub-light source 40r emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 is used to control the superlens 10 to move to A 2-1 , A 2-2 to A 2-n n positions and focus respectively, A 2-1 , A2-2 to A 2-n The object distance gradually increases at the n positions; when the green sub-light source 40g emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the superlens 10 to move to B 2-1 , B 2-2 to B 2-n The object distance gradually increases at the n positions; when the green sub-light source 40g emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the superlens 10 to move to B 2-1 , B 2-2 to B 2-n The object distance gradually increases at the n positions; when the blue sub-light source 40b emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the superlens 10 to move to C 2-1 , C 2-2 to C 2-n The object distance gradually increases at the n positions; when the green sub-light source 40g emits light alone, the automatic focusing module 30 controls the superlens 10 to move to B 2-1 , C 2-2 to C 2-n The object distance gradually increases at the n positions; wherein, the object distances at the A 2-p , B 2-p , C 2-p positions are not equal, and p is an integer, 1≤p≤n. It can be understood that, since the superlens 10 is a non-achromatic superlens, the light of red, green and blue colors cannot be imaged on the same imaging surface after passing through the non-achromatic superlens, so the n focusing positions of the superlens 10 need to be set respectively when each color sub-light source emits light alone.

[0131] When each color sub-light source emits light alone, the image sensor 20 receives the light after the action of the superlens 10 to generate an electric signal corresponding to the monochromatic light. Wherein, when the red sub-light source 40r emits light alone, the image sensor 20 correspondingly generates n groups of electric signals corresponding to the red light; when the green sub-light source 40g emits light alone, the image sensor 20 correspondingly generates n groups of electric signals corresponding to the green light; and when the blue sub-light source 40b emits light alone, the image sensor 20 correspondingly generates n groups of electric signals corresponding to the blue light. After the three color sub-light sources emit light in turn, the image sensor 20 generates n groups of electric signals corresponding to the three colors of light respectively.

[0132] According to the n groups of electric signals corresponding to the red light, a first image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm; according to the n groups of electric signals corresponding to the green light, a second image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm; according to the n groups of electric signals corresponding to the blue light, a third image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm; and according to the first image, the second image and the third image, a final image is synthesized.

[0133] The microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiment controls the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 to emit light in sequence, and controls the superlens 10 to move to n positions and focus when each sub-light source emits light alone. The n sets of electrical signals obtained when each color sub-light source emits light alone include depth of field information, and a multi-frame fusion algorithm can be used to obtain a large depth of field image corresponding to monochromatic light. The three monochromatic large depth of field images corresponding to the three colors of light are synthesized to obtain a color image. The imaging method provided by the embodiment can obtain a color image with high magnification, high definition and large depth of field.

[0134] Another microscopic imaging method provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows:

[0135] The red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b in the light source 40 are controlled to emit light of one color to light the object 00 to be imaged. In application, one of the red sub-light source 40r, the green sub-light source 40g and the blue sub-light source 40b can be selected to light the object according to the color characteristics of the object to be imaged, so as to ensure the final imaging effect.

[0136] When the light of one color sub-light source is emitted, the superlens 10 is controlled by the automatic focusing module 30 to move to n positions and focus respectively. When the red sub-light source 40r is controlled to light, the superlens 10 is controlled by the automatic focusing module 30 to move to A 2-1 、A 2-2 to A 2-n n positions and focus respectively, and the object distance gradually increases at the A 2-1 、A 2-2 to A 2-n n positions. When the green sub-light source 40g is controlled to light, the superlens 10 is controlled by the automatic focusing module 30 to move to B 2-1 、B 2-2 to B 2-n n positions and focus respectively, and the object distance gradually increases at the B 2-1 、B 2-2 to B 2-n n positions. When the blue sub-light source 40b is controlled to light, the superlens 10 is controlled by the automatic focusing module 30 to move to C 2-1 、C 2-2 to C 2-n n positions and focus respectively; and the object distance gradually increases at the C 2-1 、C 2-2 to C 2-n n positions. Wherein, A 2-p 、B 2-p 、C 2-pThe object distances at the positions are not equal, p is an integer, 1≤p≤n.

[0137] After focusing is completed, the image sensor 20 receives the light emitted by the meta-lens 10 and generates n sets of electrical signals corresponding to the monochromatic light. Then, a multi-frame fusion algorithm is used to generate an image based on the n sets of electrical signals.

[0138] The microscopic imaging method provided by this embodiment can obtain a black and white microscopic image with high magnification, high definition and large depth of field.

[0139] The above two embodiments illustrate two imaging methods for obtaining a color microscopic image with a large depth of field and a black and white microscopic image with a large depth of field when the meta-lens 10 is a non-achromatic meta-lens. It can be understood that the focal lengths of red, green, and blue light on a non-achromatic meta-lens are different. Therefore, when the red sub-light source 40r emits light, the autofocus module 30 controls the meta-lens 10 to move to A 2-1 、A 2-2 To A 2-n There are n positions in total. When the green sub-light source 40g emits light, the autofocus module 30 controls the meta-lens 10 to move to position B. 2-1 、B 2-2 To B 2-n There are n positions in total. When the blue sub-light source 40b emits light, the autofocus module 30 controls the meta-lens 10 to move to C 2-1 、C 2-2 to C 2-n There are n positions in total, and the above positions can be applied to the above two imaging methods at the same time.

[0140] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device having a photographing function. Specifically, the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal computer, a camera, a smart wearable product, or other electronic device. Figure 17 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided for the implementation of this application, Figure 17 The electronic device shown is a mobile phone, such as Figure 17 As shown, the mobile phone includes a back cover 80 and a camera module 90, wherein the camera module 90 includes an imaging module provided by any embodiment of the present application. The structure of the imaging module has been described in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. The electronic device also includes an image processor ( Figure 17 (not shown), the image processor is coupled to the image sensor 20 in the imaging module, and the image processor generates an image in response to the electrical signal transmitted by the image sensor 20. The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve high magnification and high-definition microscopic imaging.

[0141] In some embodiments, the image processor is further configured to generate an image using a multi-frame fusion algorithm in response to n groups of electrical signals, and the electronic device is capable of capturing microscopic images with a large depth of field.

[0142] For example, if the metalens 10 is an achromatic metalens, the red, green, and blue sub-light sources 40r, 40g, and 40b of the light source 40 are all illuminated. During the imaging process, the metalens 10 is controlled to move to n positions relative to the object to be imaged and focus on each position. During each focus cycle, the image sensor 20 generates a set of electrical signals. Each time the metalens 10 moves to n positions and focuses, the image sensor 20 generates n sets of signals, each corresponding to a single frame of image information. In response to these n sets of signals, the image processor employs a multi-frame fusion algorithm to generate a color image with a large depth of field.

[0143] For example, if the metalens 10 is an achromatic metalens, it operates in a mode where only one of the red, green, or blue sub-light sources 40r, 40g, and 40b is emitted. During the imaging process, the metalens 10 is controlled to move to n positions relative to the object to be imaged and focus on each position. During each focus cycle, the image sensor 20 generates a set of electrical signals corresponding to monochromatic light, each containing only light intensity information. When the metalens 10 moves to n positions and focuses on each position, the image sensor 20 generates n sets of signals. In response to these n sets of signals, the image processor employs a multi-frame fusion algorithm to generate a black-and-white image with a large depth of field.

[0144] For example, if the metalens 10 is a non-achromatic metalens, the red, green, and blue sub-light sources 40r, 40g, and 40b of the light source 40 are sequentially illuminated. When each sub-light source illuminates independently, the metalens 10 is controlled to move to n positions relative to the object to be imaged and focus on each position. When each sub-light source illuminates independently, the metalens 10 moves to n positions and focuses on each position. Consequently, the image sensor 20 generates n sets of signals. By sequentially illuminating the three sub-light sources, the image sensor 20 generates n sets of signals corresponding to each of the three colors. The n sets of electrical signals generated when each sub-light source illuminates independently include depth of field information. The image processor uses a multi-frame fusion algorithm to process the n sets of electrical signals generated when each sub-light source illuminates independently, thereby generating a large depth of field image corresponding to monochromatic light. Combining the three monochromatic large depth of field images corresponding to the three colors of light can generate a color image with a large depth of field.

Claims

1. A lens module, characterized by, The lens module comprises a super lens, an automatic focusing module and a light source; The super lens is used for processing light of a specific wavelength emitted by the light source; The light source is in a positive projection of a plane where the super lens is located, and surrounds the super lens; the light source is used for lighting an object to be imaged, and light emitted by the light source towards the object to be imaged is reflected and then enters the super lens; wherein the light source comprises a plurality of sub-light sources, and the plurality of sub-light sources comprise red sub-light sources, green sub-light sources and blue sub-light sources; The automatic focusing module is used for controlling the super lens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus.

2. The lens module according to claim 1, wherein, The FHWM of the spectrum of the sub-light source is less than or equal to 30 nm.

3. The lens module according to claim 1, wherein, The sub-light source has an out-light surface; On a side of the out-light surface in the out-light direction, the out-light surface and the plane where the super lens is located form an obtuse angle.

4. The lens module according to claim 1, wherein The light source comprises a bearing plate, the bearing plate is arranged along a main axis direction surrounding the super lens, and the plurality of red sub-light sources, the plurality of green sub-light sources and the plurality of blue sub-light sources are uniformly distributed on the bearing plate, respectively.

5. The lens module according to claim 1, wherein, The super lens is an achromatic super lens.

6. The lens module according to claim 5, wherein, The working mode of the light source comprises at least one of the following: All the red sub-light sources, the green sub-light sources and the blue sub-light sources in the light source emit light; The light source emits light of one color among the red sub-light sources, the green sub-light sources and the blue sub-light sources.

7. The lens module according to claim 6, wherein, The automatic focusing module is used for controlling the super lens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, comprising: when all of the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source emit light in the light source, the auto-focusing module controls the super-structured lens to move so that the focusing is completed when the object distance is u 1-0 ; and / or, when the light source of one color among the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source emits light in the light source, the auto-focusing module controls the super-structured lens to move so that the focusing is completed when the object distance is u 1-0 . 8.The lens module according to claim 1, wherein, The super lens is a non-achromatic super lens.

9. The lens module according to claim 8, wherein, The working mode of the light source comprises at least one of the following: The red sub-light sources, the green sub-light sources and the blue sub-light sources in the light source emit light in sequence; The light source emits light of one color among the red sub-light sources, the green sub-light sources and the blue sub-light sources. 10.The lens module according to claim 9, wherein, The automatic focusing module is used for controlling the super lens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, comprising: When the red sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-1 When the green sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-2 When the blue sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-3 When the blue sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structure lens to move so that the object distance is u 1-1 ≠ u 1-2 ≠ u 1-3 .

11. The lens module according to claim 1, wherein The automatic focusing module is further used for controlling the super lens to move to n positions and focus respectively in cooperation with the working mode of the light source, n is an integer, n≥2; the object distance of the super lens at the n positions is different, and the interval between two adjacent positions of the n positions is related to the depth of field at the two adjacent positions.

12. The lens module according to claim 11, wherein, The super lens is an achromatic super lens, and the automatic focusing module is further used for controlling the super lens to move to n positions and focus respectively in cooperation with the working mode of the light source, comprising: When all of the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the light source emit light, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structured lens to move to A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions and focus respectively, A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions, the object distance gradually increases. and / or, when the light source of one color in the red light source, the green light source and the blue light source in the light source emits light, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structured lens to move to A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions respectively and focus.

13. The lens module according to claim 11, wherein, The super lens is a non-achromatic super lens, and the automatic focusing module is further used for controlling the super lens to move to n positions and focus respectively in cooperation with the working mode of the light source, comprising: In the light source, when the red sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structured lens to move to A 2-1 , A 2-2 to A 2-n n positions respectively and focus;A 2-1 , A 2-2 to A 2-n n positions respectively and focus; In the light source, when the green sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structured lens to move to B 2-1 , B 2-2 to B 2-n n positions respectively and focus;B 2-1 , B 2-2 to B 2-n n positions respectively and focus; In the light source, when the blue sub-light source emits light alone, the automatic focusing module controls the super-structured lens to move to C 2-1 , C 2-2 to C 2-n n positions and focus respectively;C 2-1 , C 2-2 to C 2-n n positions, the object distance gradually increases; wherein the object distance at A 2-p , B 2-p , C 2-p position is not equal, p is an integer, 1≤p≤n.

14. The lens module according to claim 1, wherein The automatic focusing module comprises a support, the support has a lens mounting hole, and the super lens is mounted in the lens mounting hole; The light source surrounds the lens mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the support.

15. The lens module of claim 14, wherein the auto-focusing module further comprises a base and a driving assembly connected between the holder and the base, the driving assembly being configured to drive the holder to move relative to the base.

16. The lens module of claim 1, wherein the auto-focusing module is configured to detect a position of the object to be imaged and control the metamaterial lens to move to focus based on the detected position, such that a relationship between an object distance and an image distance is 0.2*v≤u≤v, where u is the object distance and v is the image distance.

17. An imaging module comprising the lens module of claim 1 and an image sensor, wherein the image sensor is located on an image side of the metamaterial lens and configured to receive light emitted by the metamaterial lens and generate an electrical signal.

18. The imaging module of claim 17, wherein the auto-focusing module is further configured to control the metamaterial lens to move to n positions and focus at the n positions respectively based on a working mode of the light source, where n is an integer and n≥2, the metamaterial lens has different object distances at the n positions, and a distance between two adjacent positions of the n positions is related to a depth of field at the two adjacent positions.

17. An imaging module, comprising:

19. The imaging module of claim 17, wherein the image sensor is further configured to receive light emitted by the metamaterial lens at the n positions respectively and generate n sets of the electrical signal respectively, where each set of the electrical signal corresponds to information of one frame of image, and the n sets of the electrical signal are used to generate one image.

20. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein the auto-focusing module is further configured to control the metamaterial lens to move to n positions and focus at the n positions respectively based on a working mode of the light source, where n is an integer and n≥2, the metamaterial lens has different object distances at the n positions, and a distance between two adjacent positions of the n positions is related to a depth of field at the two adjacent positions.

21. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein the image sensor is further configured to receive light emitted by the metamaterial lens at the n positions respectively and generate n sets of the electrical signal respectively, where each set of the electrical signal corresponds to information of one frame of image.

22. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein the image processor is further configured to generate an image using a multi-frame fusion algorithm based on the n sets of the electrical signal.

19. An electronic device, comprising:

23. A microscopic imaging method comprising: controlling a light source to illuminate an object to be imaged, light emitted by the light source and reflected by the object to be imaged being incident on a metamaterial lens, wherein the light source comprises a plurality of sub-sources, and the plurality of sub-sources comprises a red sub-source, a green sub-source, and a blue sub-source; processing the reflected light by the metamaterial lens to emit processed light; controlling the metamaterial lens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, such that the processed light is imaged on an image sensor; receiving the processed light by the image sensor and generating an electrical signal; and 21. A method of microscopic imaging, the method comprising: generating an image based on the electrical signal. ​ ​ ​ ​ Generating an image according to the electrical signal.

22. The microscopic imaging method of claim 21, wherein, controlling the superlens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, comprises: controlling the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively, n is an integer, n≥2; the object distance of the superlens at the n positions is different, and the interval between two adjacent positions of the n positions is related to the depth of field at the two positions; the image sensor receives the light emitted by the superlens and generates an electrical signal, comprising: the image sensor respectively receives the light emitted by the superlens when the superlens is at the n positions, and correspondingly generates n sets of electrical signals; wherein a set of electrical signals corresponds to the information of a frame of image; generating an image according to the electrical signal, comprising: generating an image according to n sets of electrical signals by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm.

23. The microscopic imaging method of claim 21, wherein, the superlens is an achromatic superlens; controlling the light source to light the object to be imaged, comprising: controlling all the red, green and blue sub-light sources in the light source to emit light, or controlling the light source to emit light of one color of the red, green and blue sub-light sources; controlling the superlens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, comprising: controlling the superlens to move so that the object distance is u when focusing is completed when all of the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the plurality of light sources emit light 1-0 ; controlling the superlens to move such that the object distance is u 1-0 when the light source of one color of the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source, and the blue sub-light source in the light source is controlled to emit light, the superlens is controlled to move such that the object distance is u 24. The microscopic imaging method of claim 22, wherein, the superlens is an achromatic superlens; controlling the light source to light the object to be imaged, comprising: controlling all the red, green and blue sub-light sources in the light source to emit light, or controlling the light source to emit light of one color of the red, green and blue sub-light sources; controlling the superlens to move to n positions and focus respectively, comprising: controlling the superlens to move to A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions respectively and focus respectively, the object distance gradually increases at A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions. controlling the superlens to move to A 1-1 , A 1-2 to A 1-n n positions and focus respectively.

25. The microscopic imaging method of claim 21, wherein, the superlens is a non-achromatic superlens; controlling the light source to light the object to be imaged, comprising: controlling the red, green and blue sub-light sources in the light source to emit light in sequence, or controlling the light source to emit light of one color of the red, green and blue sub-light sources; Controlling the superlens to move relative to the object to be imaged and focus, including: when the red sub-light source emits light alone, controlling the superlens to move so that the object distance is u 1-1 when focusing is completed; when the green sub-light source emits light alone, controlling the superlens to move so that the object distance is u 1-2 when focusing is completed; when the blue sub-light source emits light alone, controlling the superlens to move so that the object distance is u 1-3 when focusing is completed; wherein u 1-1 ≠ u 1-2 ≠ u 1-3 ; generating an image according to the electrical signal, comprising: when controlling the red, green and blue sub-light sources in the light source to emit light in sequence, generating the electrical signal corresponding to the monochromatic light received by the image sensor when each color of the sub-light source emits light alone according to the electrical signal corresponding to the three colors of light.

26. The microscopic imaging method of claim 22, wherein, the superlens is a non-achromatic superlens; The light source is controlled to illuminate the object to be imaged, including: controlling the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the light source to emit light in sequence, or controlling the light source to emit light of one color of the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source; Controlling the meta-lens to move to n positions and focusing them respectively includes: when the red sub-light source emits light alone, controlling the meta-lens to move to A 2-1 、A 2-2 To A 2-n There are n positions in total and they are focused separately, A 2-1 、A 2-2 To A 2-n The object distance at a total of n positions gradually increases; when the green sub-light source emits light alone, the meta-lens is controlled to move to B 2-1 、B 2-2 To B 2-n There are n positions in total and they are focused separately, B 2-1 、B 2-2 To B 2-n The object distance at a total of n positions gradually increases; when the blue sub-light source emits light alone, the meta-lens is controlled to move to C 2-1 、C 2-2 to C 2-n There are n positions in total and they are focused separately; C 2-1 、C 2-2 to C 2-n The object distances at n positions gradually increase; among them, A 2-p 、B 2-p 、C 2-p The object distances at the positions are not equal, p is an integer, 1≤p≤n; The image sensor receives the light emitted by the hyper lens at the n positions respectively, and generates n sets of the electrical signals, including: when the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the light source are controlled to emit light in sequence, the red sub-light source emits light alone, the image sensor generates n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to red light, the green sub-light source emits light alone, the image sensor generates n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to green light, and the blue sub-light source emits light alone, the image sensor generates n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to blue light. According to the n sets of the electrical signals, an image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm, including: when the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the light source are controlled to emit light in sequence, a first image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm according to the n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to red light, a second image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm according to the n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to green light, a third image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm according to the n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to blue light, and a final image is synthesized according to the first image, the second image and the third image. According to the n sets of the electrical signals, an image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm, including: when the red sub-light source, the green sub-light source and the blue sub-light source in the light source are controlled to emit light in sequence, a first image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm according to the n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to red light, a second image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm according to the n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to green light, a third image is generated by using a multi-frame fusion algorithm according to the n sets of the electrical signals corresponding to blue light, and a final image is synthesized according to the first image, the second image and the third image.

Images