One-year planting management method for hanging fruit trees of bee sugar plums

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-year planting management method for a bee sugar plum hanging fruit tree, and relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting. According to the method, through staged fine management, key links of garden cleaning, fertilization, pest control, pruning, flower and fruit management and the like are covered, and by combining a specific agent formula and a fertilization scheme, high quality and high yield of the bee sugar plum hanging fruit trees are achieved. Experimental data show that by means of the method, the yield of the bee sugar plums can be increased by 15%-25%, the incidence rate of diseases and pests can be reduced by 30%-40%, the sugar degree of the fruits can be increased by 2-3 units, and the method has remarkable economic benefits and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fruit tree planting technology, specifically a method for the one-year planting and management of honey plum trees bearing fruit. Background Technology

[0002] Honey plum is a sweet and nutritious plum variety that is highly popular among consumers. However, in actual cultivation, honey plum trees face problems such as unstable yields, frequent pests and diseases, and inconsistent fruit quality. Traditional management methods lack systematicity and precision, making it difficult to meet the demands for high-quality and high-yield production. For example, incomplete orchard sanitation leads to a large initial population of pests and diseases, improper fertilization affects fruit enlargement and color development, and improper pruning reduces ventilation and light penetration within the tree. Therefore, a scientific and efficient annual cultivation and management method for honey plum trees is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for the one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees includes the following steps: (1) Before flowering in January-February, the orchard should be cleaned. If the orchard has not been cleaned before, it should be cleaned again. The formula used for cleaning is to apply lime sulfur once, or to use a combination of broad-spectrum and highly effective insecticide, fungicide and brassinolide. All the above cleaning operations should be completed before the flowers open. At the same time, cold protection should be carried out. If extremely cold weather occurs, under the premise of maintaining a safe distance in the orchard, small fires should be lit with dry firewood and distributed in the orchard in the form of dense smoke to increase the temperature. During the warming process, a special person should be arranged to guard the orchard. (2) During the period from February to March when the flower buds are just beginning to show white (before the flowers bloom), spray the pre-flowering solution. The formula of this solution is high-end insecticide + fungicide + fluid boron + growth regulator + high phosphorus and high potassium macro-elements + micro-elements. Among them, the high-end insecticide is thiamethoxam and high chlorine-fluorine, the fungicide is carbendazim, the growth regulator is brassinolide, the high phosphorus and high potassium macro-elements are potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the micro-elements are boron fertilizer. If it is located in a cold region, spray the antifreeze solution before the cold wave arrives. The formula of the antifreeze solution is S-inducer + Tianlongbang + amino acid water-soluble fertilizer. (3) No pesticide application is required during the peak flowering period from March to April. If drought and high temperature occur, water should be applied to the roots to combat drought. At the same time, a balanced fast-acting macro-element + micro-element water-soluble fertilizer + growth regulator should be added to the irrigation water. Sodium nitrophenolate or indole-induced growth regulator should be selected. Bees should be raised near the orchard for pollination. After the flowers have faded, spray the post-flowering treatment plan, which is a package of insecticide and fungicide + nutrient supplement. (4) After all the flowers have withered and the fruit has emerged in April and May, spray the fruit protection package. The formula of the fruit protection package is high-end insecticide + fungicide + growth regulator + foliar fertilizer. Among them, the high-end insecticide is biphenyl thiamethoxam, the fungicide is emamectin benzoate, benzoyl pyrazole ester and streptomycin, the growth regulator is brassinolide and purine, and the foliar fertilizer is macronutrients. Disease and pest control is carried out every 15 days. The spraying plan for each control needs to be adjusted to avoid repeating the same formula. At the same time, apply the first fruit expansion fertilizer, which is a high-nitrogen or balanced fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer. It is applied by spreading or diluting with water on a light rainy day. During this period, weeding and spring pruning are carried out in the orchard. The amount of pruning does not exceed 10% of the total tree size. The main pruning is the newly sprouted vigorous branches. (5) During the sugar-coloring period from May to July, apply fruit-expanding fertilizer, using a combination of high-potassium macro-element fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer and micro-element water-soluble fertilizer. The micro-element water-soluble fertilizer includes calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, iron, and seaweed amino acids. The application method is to sprinkle or dilute with water for irrigation on rainy days. During this period, carry out 3-4 pest and disease control measures. The control plan is to spray insecticide + fungicide + acaricide + foliar fertilizer. At the same time, adopt physical control measures, including bagging bird repellent and hanging it on the tree or installing solar-powered bird repellent devices. During this period, cultivate fruiting branches for the following year through pruning and twisting. Ditch drainage is carried out during the rainy season to prevent fruit cracking, and sun-damaged fruit is prevented during high temperatures. Stop all pesticide use one week before harvesting, and harvest and sell the fruit after it is ripe. (6) After harvesting fruit in July and August, summer pruning should be carried out. The pruning targets include vigorous branches, crossing branches, and overlapping branches. The amount of pruning should not exceed 20% of the total tree size. At the same time, orchard cleanup should be carried out. The orchard cleanup formula is insecticide + fungicide + high phosphorus and high potassium macro-elements. Among them, the insecticide should be diazon or a broad-spectrum high-efficiency insecticide, the fungicide should be thiophanate-methyl, and the high phosphorus and high potassium macro-elements should be potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Brassinolide + amino acid micronutrients should also be added during orchard cleanup. Weeding should be carried out in the orchard. Postpartum fertilizer should be applied. The fertilizer should be selected according to the tree vigor. Vigorous trees should use high phosphorus and potassium quick-acting fertilizer + micronutrient fertilizer, moderate trees should use balanced quick-acting fertilizer + micronutrient fertilizer, and weak trees should use high nitrogen quick-acting fertilizer + micronutrient fertilizer. (7) From September to November, the soil in the orchard should be turned over to allow it to be exposed to sunlight for sterilization; apply autumn fertilizer, the formula of which is microbial fertilizer + a small amount of chemical fertilizer + trace element fertilizer, or well fermented farmyard manure, or oil cake (vegetable cake); apply by digging a trench or pit under the drip line of the tree. (8) Winter pruning is carried out in November and December. Winter pruning is a one-time pruning. Orchard cleaning is carried out using lime sulfur mixture or mineral oil. Tree trunk whitewashing is carried out. The whitewashing formula is 20 catties of water, 10 catties of quicklime, 1 catty of lime sulfur mixture, 6 liang of vegetable oil and 1 catty of edible salt by weight. If it is a high-altitude cold region, the edible salt is adjusted to 2 catties. The whitewashing height is 60-80 cm from the main trunk of the fruit tree.

[0005] As a further embodiment of the present invention: in step (1), the spraying concentration of lime sulfur mixture is 3-5 Baume degrees, the broad-spectrum and highly effective insecticide is cypermethrin, the fungicide is mancozeb, and the concentration of brassinolide is 0.01-0.05 mg / L; the spacing between the small fire piles is 5-8 meters, the amount of firewood in each fire pile is 10-15 kg, and the burning time is from 2 to 5 am.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention: in step (2), the concentration of thiamethoxam·high chlorpyrifos is 2000-3000 times, the concentration of carbendazim is 500-800 times, the concentration of brassinolide is 0.02-0.04 mg / L, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.3%-0.5%, the concentration of boron fertilizer is 0.1%-0.2%, the concentration of S-inducer is 500-800 times, the concentration of Tianlongbang is 300-500 times, and the concentration of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is 0.5%-1%.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: In step (3), the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the balanced fast-acting macronutrients is 1:1:1, and the amount used is 5-8 kg per mu; the micronutrient water-soluble fertilizer includes calcium, magnesium and boron, of which the calcium content is ≥10%, the magnesium content is ≥5%, and the boron content is ≥0.5%, and the amount used is 1-2 kg per mu; the concentration of sodium nitrophenolate is 3-5 mg / L, and the concentration of indole-induced antagonist is 2-4 mg / L; the breeding density of honeybees is 1 beehive per 5 mu of orchard (about 3000 bees per hive); in the post-flowering program, the insecticide is high-efficiency cyhalothrin (2000 times dilution), the fungicide is difenoconazole (1000 times dilution), and the nutrient supplement package includes amino acid foliar fertilizer (0.5%) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.3%).

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: in step (4), the concentration of biphenyl-thiamethoxam is 1500-2000 times dilution, the concentration of emamectin benzoate is 2000-3000 times dilution, the concentration of benzoyl benzoate is 1000-1500 times dilution, the concentration of kasugamycin is 800-1000 times dilution, the concentration of brassinolide-purine is 0.03-0.05 mg / L, and the macro-elements are applied to the leaves. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio in the fertilizer should be 2:1:1, and the concentration should be 0.5%-0.8%. In the pest and disease control adjustment plan, acetamiprid (1500 times dilution) should be used as the insecticide and tebuconazole (1000 times dilution) as the fungicide for the second control. The nitrogen content in the high-nitrogen fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer should be ≥30%, and the application rate should be 8-10 kg per mu. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio in the balanced fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer should be 1:1:1, and the application rate should be 6-8 kg per mu.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: In step (5), the potassium content in the high-potassium macro-element fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer is ≥30%, and the usage is 10-12 kg per mu; the calcium content in the micro-element water-soluble fertilizer is ≥15%, the magnesium content is ≥8%, the boron content is ≥1%, the zinc content is ≥0.5%, and the iron content is ≥0.5%, and the usage is 2-3 kg per mu; the concentration of seaweed amino acids is 0.8%-1.2%; in the prevention and control of diseases and pests, the insecticide is chlorantraniliprole (1500 times dilution), the fungicide is azoxystrobin (1000 times dilution), the acaricide is abamectin (2000 times dilution), and the foliar fertilizer is a high-potassium foliar fertilizer (potassium content ≥20%, concentration 0.5%); the bird repellent is thiocarbamate, and 1-2 bags are hung on each tree, and the installation spacing of the solar bird repellent is 10-15 meters; when pruning, the vigorous branches are shortened to leave 2-3 buds, and the twisting angle is 90-120 degrees.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: In step (6), during summer pruning, vigorous branches are removed from the base, and 1-2 strong branches are retained from crossing and overlapping branches, while the rest are removed; the concentration of diazon is 1000-1500 times dilution, the concentration of thiophanate-methyl is 800-1000 times dilution, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.5%-0.8%, and the trace elements in amino acids, including calcium, magnesium, and iron, have a total content ≥15%, with a concentration of 0.5%-1%; the ratio of phosphorus to potassium in high-phosphorus and potassium quick-acting fertilizer is 1:2, with a total content ≥50%, and the application rate is 8-10 kg per mu; the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in balanced quick-acting fertilizer is 1:1:1, with a total content ≥50%, and the application rate is 8-10 kg per mu; the nitrogen content in high-nitrogen quick-acting fertilizer is ≥35%, and the application rate is 10-12 kg per mu; the application rate of micronutrient fertilizers is 2-3 kg per mu.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: In step (7), the soil turning depth is 20-30cm, and the sun exposure time is 7-10 days; the effective live bacteria count of microbial fertilizer is ≥200 million / g, and the usage is 50-80kg per mu; a small amount of chemical fertilizer is selected from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ratio 1:1:1), and the usage is 10-15kg per mu; the usage of trace element fertilizer is 3-5kg per mu; the organic matter content of fermented farmyard manure is ≥30%, and the usage is 1000-1500kg per mu; the usage of oil cake (rapeseed cake) is 100-150kg per mu; the depth of trenching or pit digging is 30-40cm, and the width is 20-30cm.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: In step (8), during winter pruning, diseased and weak branches, dead branches, and crossing branches are removed, and fruiting branches are shortened to a length of 30-50cm; the concentration of lime sulfur is 5-6 Baume, and the concentration of mineral oil is 200-300 times; the stirring time of the whitewash is 10-15 minutes, the cooling time is 2-3 hours, and the coating thickness is 0.5-1mm.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Increase yield: Through reasonable fruit preservation, fruit expansion measures and pollination management, the yield of honey plum can be increased by 15%-25%.

[0014] Improving quality: Precise fertilization during the sugar-growth and color-changing period increases the sugar content of the fruit by 2-3 units, resulting in uniform coloring and good marketability.

[0015] Reduce pests and diseases: Systematic orchard sanitation and control measures can reduce the incidence of pests and diseases by 30%-40% and reduce the amount of pesticides used.

[0016] Enhance tree vigor: Scientific pruning and fertilization programs promote robust tree growth and extend the fruiting period.

[0017] Highly adaptable: It can be flexibly adjusted according to the climate, altitude and other conditions of different regions, making it widely applicable. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Example

[0019] A method for the one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees includes the following steps: (1) In mid-January, lime sulfur solution with a Baume degree of 3 was used to spray the orchard for sanitation. In late January, when there was an extreme low temperature, a pile of 12kg of dry miscellaneous wood was placed every 6 meters in the orchard, lit at 3 am, and guarded by a special person until 5 am.

[0020] (2) In late February, when the flower buds are white, spray with thiamethoxam·high chlorpyrifos (2500 times dilution) + carbendazim (600 times dilution) + brassinolide (0.03 mg / L) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.4%) + boron fertilizer (0.15%); before the cold wave arrives in early March, spray with S-inducer (600 times dilution) + Tianlongbang (400 times dilution) + amino acid water-soluble fertilizer (0.8%).

[0021] (3) During the peak flowering period in mid-March, no pesticides are applied, and one beehive is placed for every 5 mu. After the flowers wither in early April, spray with high-efficiency cyhalothrin (2000 times dilution) + difenoconazole (1000 times dilution) + amino acid foliar fertilizer (0.5%) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.3%).

[0022] (4) In mid-April, spray with bifenthrin-thiamethoxam (1800 times dilution) + emamectin benzoate (2500 times dilution) + benzoyl pyrazole ester (1200 times dilution) + streptomycin (900 times dilution) + brassinolide-purine (0.04 mg / L) + nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (2:1:1) foliar fertilizer (0.6%); in early May, spray with acetamiprid (1500 times dilution) + tebuconazole (1000 times dilution); in late April, apply 9 kg of high-nitrogen fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer (nitrogen content 30%) per mu; weed and prune overgrown branches, with the pruning amount accounting for 8% of the tree body.

[0023] (5) In mid-May, apply 11 kg of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer (potassium content 30%) + 2.5 kg of calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc and iron fertilizer per mu; in early June, spray chlorantraniliprole (1500 times dilution) + azoxystrobin (1000 times dilution) + abamectin (2000 times dilution) + high-potassium foliar fertilizer (0.5%); hang one bag of thiophanate-methyl on each tree to repel birds, and install one solar-powered bird repellent every 12 meters; drain the ditches in time during the rainy season, and spray water to prevent sunburn during high-temperature periods; prune the overgrown branches and twist the branches (100 degrees) in late June.

[0024] (6) After harvesting fruit in late July, remove vigorous and crossing branches by summer pruning, with a pruning amount of 15%; spray with diazon (1200 times dilution) + thiophanate-methyl (900 times dilution) + brassinolide (0.03 mg / L) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.6%) + amino acid trace elements (0.8%); apply 9 kg of high phosphorus and potassium quick-acting fertilizer (phosphorus-potassium ratio 1:2) + 2.5 kg of trace element fertilizer per mu; carry out weeding in the orchard.

[0025] (7) In mid-September, turn the soil to 25cm and expose it to the sun for 8 days; dig a trench 35cm deep and 25cm wide below the tree drip line, and apply 60kg of microbial fertilizer (200 million / g) + 12kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (1:1:1) + 4kg of trace element fertilizer per mu.

[0026] (8) In late November, winter pruning removes diseased and weak branches and shortens fruiting branches to 40cm; spray with 5 Baume lime sulfur mixture; prepare whitewash according to the formula, stir for 12 minutes, cool for 2.5 hours, and then apply to 60-80 cm of the trunk with a thickness of 0.8mm. Example

[0027] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: in step (4), the fruit-expanding fertilizer is 7 kg / mu of balanced fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 1:1:1); in step (6), the postpartum fertilizer is 9 kg / mu of balanced fast-acting fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 1:1:1) + 2.5 kg / mu of micronutrient fertilizer. The remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 1. Example

[0028] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the interval between pest and disease control in step (5) is adjusted to 12 days, and the second control agent is deltamethrin (2000 times dilution) + flusilazole (1000 times dilution). The remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 1. Example

[0029] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the summer pruning amount in step (6) is 10%; and the length of the fruiting branches retained in winter pruning in step (8) is 30cm. The remaining steps are the same as in Embodiment 1. Example

[0030] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: in step (2), the antifreeze solution uses propylene glycol (500 times dilution) + amino acid water-soluble fertilizer (1%); in step (1), the spacing between the small fire piles is 5 meters. The remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 1.

[0031] Comparative experiment Orchards of honey plum trees of the same area and age were selected and divided into an experimental group (using the methods described in Examples 1-5) and a control group (using traditional management methods), with each group replicated three times. The experimental results are as follows: Experimental data show that the method of this invention can significantly improve the yield and quality of honey plums, reduce the incidence of diseases and pests, and is more effective than traditional management methods.

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Before flowering in January-February, the orchard should be cleaned. If the orchard has not been cleaned before, it should be cleaned again. The formula used for cleaning is to apply lime sulfur once, or to use a combination of broad-spectrum and highly effective insecticide, fungicide and brassinolide. All the above cleaning operations should be completed before the flowers open. At the same time, cold protection should be carried out. If extremely cold weather occurs, under the premise of maintaining a safe distance in the orchard, small fires should be lit with dry firewood and distributed in the orchard in the form of dense smoke to increase the temperature. During the warming process, a special person should be arranged to guard the orchard. (2) During the period from February to March when the flower buds are just beginning to show white (before the flowers bloom), spray the pre-flowering solution. The formula of this solution is high-end insecticide + fungicide + fluid boron + growth regulator + high phosphorus and high potassium macro-elements + micro-elements. Among them, the high-end insecticide is thiamethoxam and high chlorine-fluorine, the fungicide is carbendazim, the growth regulator is brassinolide, the high phosphorus and high potassium macro-elements are potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the micro-elements are boron fertilizer. If it is located in a cold region, spray the antifreeze solution before the cold wave arrives. The formula of the antifreeze solution is S-inducer + Tianlongbang + amino acid water-soluble fertilizer. (3) No pesticide application is required during the peak flowering period from March to April. If drought and high temperature occur, water should be applied to the roots to combat drought. At the same time, a balanced fast-acting macro-element + micro-element water-soluble fertilizer + growth regulator should be added to the irrigation water. Sodium nitrophenolate or indole-induced growth regulator should be selected. Bees should be raised near the orchard for pollination. After the flowers have faded, spray the post-flowering treatment plan, which is a package of insecticide and fungicide + nutrient supplement. (4) After all the flowers have withered and the fruit has emerged in April and May, spray the fruit protection package. The formula of the fruit protection package is high-end insecticide + fungicide + growth regulator + foliar fertilizer. Among them, the high-end insecticide is biphenyl thiamethoxam, the fungicide is emamectin benzoate, benzoyl pyrazole ester and streptomycin, the growth regulator is brassinolide and purine, and the foliar fertilizer is macronutrients. Disease and pest control is carried out every 15 days. The spraying plan for each control needs to be adjusted to avoid repeating the same formula. At the same time, apply the first fruit expansion fertilizer, which is a high-nitrogen or balanced fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer. It is applied by spreading or diluting with water on a light rainy day. During this period, weeding and spring pruning are carried out in the orchard. The amount of pruning does not exceed 10% of the total tree size. The main pruning is the newly sprouted vigorous branches. (5) During the sugar-coloring period from May to July, apply fruit-expanding fertilizer, using a combination of high-potassium macro-element fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer and micro-element water-soluble fertilizer. The micro-element water-soluble fertilizer includes calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, iron, and seaweed amino acids. The application method is to sprinkle or dilute with water for irrigation on rainy days. During this period, carry out 3-4 pest and disease control measures. The control plan is to spray insecticide + fungicide + acaricide + foliar fertilizer. At the same time, adopt physical control measures, including bagging bird repellent and hanging it on the tree or installing solar-powered bird repellent devices. During this period, cultivate fruiting branches for the following year through pruning and twisting. Ditch drainage is carried out during the rainy season to prevent fruit cracking, and sun-damaged fruit is prevented during high temperatures. Stop all pesticide use one week before harvesting, and harvest and sell the fruit after it is ripe. (6) After harvesting fruit in July and August, summer pruning should be carried out. The pruning targets include vigorous branches, crossing branches, and overlapping branches. The amount of pruning should not exceed 20% of the total tree size. At the same time, orchard cleanup should be carried out. The orchard cleanup formula is insecticide + fungicide + high phosphorus and high potassium macro-elements. Among them, the insecticide should be diazon or a broad-spectrum high-efficiency insecticide, the fungicide should be thiophanate-methyl, and the high phosphorus and high potassium macro-elements should be potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Brassinolide + amino acid micronutrients should also be added during orchard cleanup. Weeding should be carried out in the orchard. Postpartum fertilizer should be applied. The fertilizer should be selected according to the tree vigor. Vigorous trees should use high phosphorus and potassium quick-acting fertilizer + micronutrient fertilizer, moderate trees should use balanced quick-acting fertilizer + micronutrient fertilizer, and weak trees should use high nitrogen quick-acting fertilizer + micronutrient fertilizer. (7) From September to November, the soil in the orchard should be turned over to allow it to be exposed to sunlight for sterilization. Apply autumn fertilizer. The autumn fertilizer formula is microbial fertilizer + a small amount of chemical fertilizer + trace element fertilizer, or well fermented farmyard manure, or oil cake (rapeseed cake). The application method is to dig trenches or pits under the drip line of the tree. (8) Winter pruning is carried out in November and December. Winter pruning is a one-time pruning. Orchard cleaning is carried out using lime sulfur mixture or mineral oil. Tree trunk whitewashing is carried out. The whitewashing formula is 20 catties of water, 10 catties of quicklime, 1 catty of lime sulfur mixture, 6 liang of vegetable oil and 1 catty of edible salt by weight. If it is a high-altitude cold region, the edible salt is adjusted to 2 catties. The whitewashing height is 60-80 cm from the main trunk of the fruit tree.

2. The method for one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the concentration of lime sulfur is 3-5 Baume, the broad-spectrum and highly effective insecticide is cypermethrin, the fungicide is mancozeb, and the concentration of brassinolide is 0.01-0.05 mg / L; the spacing between the small fire pits is 5-8 meters, the amount of firewood in each fire pit is 10-15 kg, and the burning time is from 2 to 5 am.

3. The method for one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the concentration of thiamethoxam·high chlorpyrifos is 2000-3000 times, the concentration of carbendazim is 500-800 times, the concentration of brassinolide is 0.02-0.04 mg / L, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.3%-0.5%, the concentration of boron fertilizer is 0.1%-0.2%, the concentration of S-inducer is 500-800 times, the concentration of Tianlongbang is 300-500 times, and the concentration of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is 0.5%-1%.

4. The method for one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the balanced fast-acting macronutrients is 1:1:1, and the usage is 5-8 kg per mu; the micronutrient water-soluble fertilizer includes calcium, magnesium and boron, of which the calcium content is ≥10%, the magnesium content is ≥5% and the boron content is ≥0.5%, and the usage is 1-2 kg per mu; the usage concentration of sodium nitrophenolate is 3-5 mg / L, and the usage concentration of indole-induced antagonist is 2-4 mg / L; the breeding density of honeybees is 1 beehive per 5 mu of orchard (about 3000 bees per hive); in the post-flowering program, the insecticide is high-efficiency cyhalothrin (2000 times dilution), the fungicide is difenoconazole (1000 times dilution), and the nutrient supplement package includes amino acid foliar fertilizer (0.5%) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.3%).

5. The method for one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the concentration of biphenyl-thiamethoxam is 1500-2000 times dilution, the concentration of emamectin benzoate is 2000-3000 times dilution, the concentration of benzoyl benzoate is 1000-1500 times dilution, the concentration of streptomycin is 800-1000 times dilution, the concentration of brassinolide-purine is 0.03-0.05 mg / L, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the macro-element foliar fertilizer is 2:1:1, with a concentration of 0.5%-0.8%. In the pest and disease control adjustment plan, the insecticide used for the second control is acetamiprid (1500 times dilution), and the fungicide used is tebuconazole (1000 times dilution). The nitrogen content in the high-nitrogen fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer is ≥30%, and the usage is 8-10 kg per mu. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the balanced fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer is 1:1:1, and the usage is 6-8 kg per mu.

6. The method for one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), the potassium content in the high-potassium macro-element fast-acting water-soluble fertilizer is ≥30%, and the application rate is 10-12 kg per mu; the calcium content in the micro-element water-soluble fertilizer is ≥15%, the magnesium content is ≥8%, the boron content is ≥1%, the zinc content is ≥0.5%, and the iron content is ≥0.5%, and the application rate is 2-3 kg per mu; the concentration of seaweed amino acids is 0.8%-1.2%; in the prevention and control of diseases and pests, the insecticide is chlorantraniliprole (1500 times dilution), the fungicide is azoxystrobin (1000 times dilution), the acaricide is abamectin (2000 times dilution), and the foliar fertilizer is high-potassium foliar fertilizer (potassium content ≥20%, concentration 0.5%); the bird repellent is thiocarbamate, and 1-2 bags are hung on each tree, and the installation spacing of the solar bird repellent is 10-15 meters; when pruning, the vigorous branches are shortened to leave 2-3 buds, and the twisting angle is 90-120 degrees.

7. The method for one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (6), during summer pruning, vigorous shoots are removed from the base, and 1-2 strong branches are retained from crossing and overlapping branches, while the rest are removed; the concentration of diazon is 1000-1500 times dilution, the concentration of thiophanate-methyl is 800-1000 times dilution, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.5%-0.8%, and the amino acid micronutrients, including calcium, magnesium, and iron, with a total content ≥15%, are used at a concentration of 0.5%-1%; the ratio of phosphorus to potassium in the high phosphorus and potassium quick-acting fertilizer is 1:2, with a total content ≥50%, and the application rate is 8-10 kg per mu; the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the balanced quick-acting fertilizer is 1:1:1, with a total content ≥50%, and the application rate is 8-10 kg per mu; the nitrogen content in the high nitrogen quick-acting fertilizer is ≥35%, and the application rate is 10-12 kg per mu; the application rate of the micronutrient fertilizer is 2-3 kg per mu.

8. The method for one-year planting and management of honey plum fruit-bearing trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (7), the soil turning depth is 20-30cm, and the sun exposure time is 7-10 days; the effective live bacteria count of microbial fertilizer is ≥200 million / g, and the usage is 50-80kg per mu; a small amount of chemical fertilizer is selected from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ratio 1:1:1), and the usage is 10-15kg per mu; the usage of micronutrient fertilizer is 3-5kg per mu; the organic matter content of well fermented farmyard manure is ≥30%, and the usage is 1000-1500kg per mu; the usage of oil cake (rapeseed cake) is 100-150kg per mu; the depth of trenching or pit digging is 30-40cm, and the width is 20-30cm.

9. A method for the one-year planting and management of a honey plum fruit-bearing tree according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (8), during winter pruning, remove diseased, weak, dead, and crossing branches, and shorten fruiting branches to a length of 30-50cm; the concentration of lime sulfur mixture spraying is 5-6 Baume, and the concentration of mineral oil is 200-300 times dilution; the stirring time of the whitewash is 10-15 minutes, the cooling time is 2-3 hours, and the coating thickness is 0.5-1mm.