Method for inducing rice preservation based on secondary dormancy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grain storage and quality preservation, in particular to a method for inducing rice preservation based on secondary dormancy, which comprises the following steps: spraying non-dormant rice by using an abscisic acid solution to enable the rice to completely enter secondary dormancy; the mass volume ratio of the rice to the abscisic acid solution is (7-8) g: 1 mL; the concentration of the abscisic acid solution is 800 mg / L to 1600 mg / L; the storage resistance of the rice entering the secondary dormancy under the high-temperature and high-humidity conditions can be improved; the high temperature ranges from 34.5 DEG C to 35.5 DEG C; the high humidity is that the relative humidity is 73%-77%. By applying the exogenous abscisic acid, the rice enters a stable secondary dormancy state at the initial storage stage, so that the delay of lipid oxidation and the stability of nutritional quality under the high-temperature and high-humidity conditions are realized, and the storage period of the rice is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grain storage and quality preservation technology, specifically to a method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is highly susceptible to quality deterioration during storage, especially due to increased lipid hydrolysis and oxidation, which leads to elevated fatty acid values, taste deterioration, and accumulation of volatile off-flavor substances, seriously affecting the edible quality and storage stability of rice.

[0003] Currently, rice preservation mainly relies on methods such as low-temperature storage, controlled atmosphere storage, and antibacterial agent treatment. Low-temperature storage requires long-term refrigeration, which is energy-intensive and results in uneven temperature distribution in large-scale grain storage. Controlled atmosphere storage requires high airtightness of the storage chamber, and it is difficult to maintain gas concentration under high-temperature conditions. Although antibacterial agent treatment can inhibit insects and molds to a certain extent, it is prone to residue or resistance problems.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies for storing rice in high temperature and high humidity environments suffer from problems such as high energy consumption, poor shelf life, or safety hazards. There is an urgent need to develop a green and efficient storage method that can maintain the quality of rice under high temperature and high humidity conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction. By applying exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), the rice enters a stable secondary dormancy state in the early stages of storage, thereby delaying lipid oxidation, stabilizing nutritional quality, and extending the storage period of the rice, especially under high temperature and high humidity conditions.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction includes the following steps: The rice grains that have not yet entered dormancy are sprayed with an abscisic acid solution to induce them to fully enter secondary dormancy. The mass-to-volume ratio of the rice grains to the abscisic acid solution is 7g~8g:1mL. The concentration of the abscisic acid solution is 800mg / L~1600mg / L.

[0007] Rice that has entered a secondary dormancy state can be stored under high temperature and high humidity conditions.

[0008] The high temperature is 34.5℃~35.5℃; the high humidity is a relative humidity of 73%~77%.

[0009] Preferably, the rice is japonica rice or indica rice.

[0010] Preferably, the initial moisture content of the japonica rice before dormancy is 13.5% to 13.8%.

[0011] Preferably, the initial moisture content of the indica rice before dormancy is 12.5% ​​to 13.0%.

[0012] Preferably, the concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed on japonica rice is 800 mg / L to 1000 mg / L.

[0013] Preferably, the concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed on japonica rice is 800 mg / L.

[0014] Preferably, the concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed on indica rice is 1500 mg / L to 1600 mg / L.

[0015] Preferably, the concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed on indica rice is 1500 mg / L.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction, comprising the following steps: spraying non-dormant rice with an abscisic acid solution to induce complete secondary dormancy; the mass-to-volume ratio of rice to abscisic acid solution is 7g~8g:1mL; the concentration of the abscisic acid solution is 800mg / L~1600mg / L; the rice in secondary dormancy can be stored under high temperature and high humidity conditions; the high temperature is 34.5℃~35.5℃; the high humidity is a relative humidity of 73%~77%.

[0017] This invention induces rice to enter a stable secondary dormancy state during the early stages of storage by spraying abscisic acid (ABA) solution, thereby effectively delaying lipid oxidation. ABA treatment significantly inhibits the activity of related enzymes such as lipase, phospholipase D, and lipoxygenase, slowing down fatty acid hydrolysis and peroxidation. It also preserves the nutritional components of rice, with a significant decrease in the degradation rate of the main lipid components (such as triglycerides and phospholipids) after treatment. Furthermore, it enhances storage stability. After inducing secondary dormancy, the metabolic activity of rice decreases, delaying quality deterioration. This invention is suitable for rice storage in high-temperature and high-humidity regions.

[0018] In summary, the method of the present invention can maintain the quality of rice and extend the storage period of rice under high temperature and high humidity storage conditions; moreover, the method is simple, safe and residue-free: the inducer ABA used is a natural plant hormone, which is used in low amounts, degrades quickly and is harmless to the human body. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the rice seed germination test of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the germination rate of rice grains according to the present invention; Figure 2 In the diagram, A represents the germination rate of japonica rice; B represents the germination rate of indica rice.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the effect of secondary dormancy on the thousand-grain weight of rice during storage according to the present invention. Figure 3 In the figure, A shows the effect of secondary dormancy on the thousand-grain weight of japonica rice (Nanjing 46) during storage; B shows the effect of secondary dormancy on the thousand-grain weight of indica rice (Fengliangyou) during storage.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the effect of secondary dormancy on the crude fat content of rice during storage according to the present invention. Figure 4 In the figure, A represents the effect of secondary dormancy on the crude fat content of japonica rice during storage; B represents the effect of secondary dormancy on the crude fat content of indica rice during storage.

[0024] Figure 5 The figure shows the effect of the secondary dormancy of the present invention on the lipase activity during rice storage. Figure 5 In the figure, A shows the effect of secondary dormancy on lipase activity during the storage of japonica rice; B shows the effect of secondary dormancy on lipase activity during the storage of indica rice.

[0025] Figure 6 The figure shows the effect of the secondary dormancy of the present invention on the activity of lipoxygenase (LOX) during rice storage. Figure 6 In the figure, A shows the effect of secondary dormancy on the activity of lipoxygenase (LOX) in japonica rice during storage; B shows the effect of secondary dormancy on the activity of lipoxygenase (LOX) in indica rice during storage.

[0026] Figure 7 The figure shows the effect of the secondary dormancy of the present invention on the activity of phospholipase D (PLD) during rice storage. Figure 7 In the figure, A shows the effect of secondary dormancy on the activity of phospholipase D (PLD) in japonica rice during storage; B shows the effect of secondary dormancy on the activity of phospholipase D (PLD) in indica rice during storage.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the effect of secondary dormancy on fatty acid values ​​during rice storage according to the present invention. Figure 8 In the figure, A represents the effect of secondary dormancy on the fatty acid value of japonica rice during storage; B represents the effect of secondary dormancy on the fatty acid value of indica rice during storage.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the effect of the secondary dormancy of the present invention on the conductivity value of rice during storage; Figure 9 In the figure, A shows the effect of secondary dormancy on the conductivity value of japonica rice during storage; B shows the effect of secondary dormancy on the conductivity value of indica rice during storage.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a graph showing the effect of the secondary dormancy of the present invention on the malondialdehyde content during rice storage. Figure 10 In the figure, A represents the effect of secondary dormancy on malondialdehyde (MDA) content during the storage of japonica rice; B represents the effect of secondary dormancy on MDA content during the storage of indica rice. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description is provided below, along with preferred embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this invention and in its specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0032] The japonica rice used in this invention is Nanjing 46, which was harvested in Liuhe District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province; the indica rice is Fengliangyou, which was purchased from Nanjing Yuanwang Selenium-Enriched Group Co., Ltd.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention will be illustrated below through specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13.5%.

[0035] Using non-dormant japonica rice as raw material, the japonica rice was induced to fully enter secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of japonica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 800 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0036] The rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 34.5℃, relative humidity of 73%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0037] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0038] Example 2: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13.7%.

[0039] Using non-dormant japonica rice as raw material, the japonica rice was induced to fully enter secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of japonica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 800 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0040] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0041] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0042] Example 3: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13.8%.

[0043] Using non-dormant japonica rice as raw material, the japonica rice was induced to fully enter secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of japonica rice to abscisic acid solution was 7:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 1000 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0044] The rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35.5℃, relative humidity of 77%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0045] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0046] Example 4: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 12.5%.

[0047] Undormant indica rice was used as raw material. The rice was sprayed with abscisic acid solution to induce secondary dormancy. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 1500 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0048] The rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 34.5℃, relative humidity of 73%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0049] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0050] Example 5: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 12.7%.

[0051] Undormant indica rice was used as raw material. The rice was sprayed with abscisic acid solution to induce secondary dormancy. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 1500 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0052] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0053] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0054] Example 6: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13%.

[0055] Undormant indica rice was used as raw material. The rice was sprayed with abscisic acid solution to induce secondary dormancy. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 7:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 1600 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0056] The rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35.5℃, relative humidity of 77%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0057] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0058] Comparative Example 1: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13.7%.

[0059] Using non-dormant japonica rice as raw material, the japonica rice was induced to fully enter secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of japonica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 0 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0060] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0061] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0062] Comparative Example 2: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13.7%.

[0063] Using non-dormant japonica rice as raw material, the japonica rice was fully induced into secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of japonica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 200 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0064] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0065] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0066] Comparative Example 3: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13.7%.

[0067] Using non-dormant japonica rice as raw material, the japonica rice was fully induced into secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of japonica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 400 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0068] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0069] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0070] Comparative Example 4: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13.7%.

[0071] Using non-dormant japonica rice as raw material, abscisic acid solution was sprayed to induce secondary dormancy. The mass-to-volume ratio of japonica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 600 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined using the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method. The rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and ambient temperature and oxygen.

[0072] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0073] Comparative Example 5: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 13.7%.

[0074] Using non-dormant japonica rice as raw material, the japonica rice was induced to fully enter secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of japonica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 700 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0075] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0076] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0077] Comparative Example 6: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 12.7%.

[0078] Using non-dormant indica rice as raw material, the rice was induced to fully enter secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 0 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0079] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0080] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0081] Comparative Example 7: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 12.7%.

[0082] Undormant indica rice was used as raw material. The rice was sprayed with abscisic acid solution to induce secondary dormancy. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 200 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0083] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0084] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0085] Comparative Example 8: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 12.7%.

[0086] Undormant indica rice was used as raw material. The rice was sprayed with abscisic acid solution to induce secondary dormancy. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed was 500 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0087] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0088] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0089] Comparative Example 9: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 12.7%.

[0090] Using non-dormant indica rice as raw material, the rice was induced to fully enter secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 800 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0091] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0092] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0093] Comparative Example 10: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 12.7%.

[0094] Undormant indica rice was used as raw material. The rice was sprayed with abscisic acid solution to induce secondary dormancy. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 1000 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0095] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0096] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0097] Comparative Example 11: A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction Select dried rice that meets national storage standards, with an initial moisture content controlled at 12.7%.

[0098] Using non-dormant indica rice as raw material, the rice was induced to fully enter secondary dormancy by spraying abscisic acid solution. The mass-to-volume ratio of indica rice to abscisic acid solution was 8:1. The concentration of the sprayed abscisic acid solution was 1400 mg / L. Seed vigor was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method.

[0099] Rice treated with abscisic acid solution was stored under simulated high temperature conditions of 35°C, relative humidity of 75%, and normal temperature and oxygen levels.

[0100] Sampling of stored rice was conducted every 15 days to test indicators such as thousand-grain weight, conductivity, fatty acid value, lipid oxidation and hydrolysis-related enzymes, and major lipid metabolites, to confirm that the lipid oxidation level remained stable.

[0101] 1. Determination of rice germination rate The germination test method for grains in the Grain and Oil Inspection procedure was followed according to GB / T 5520-2011. Two layers of filter paper were laid flat in a petri dish and filled with water until saturated, serving as the germination bed. One hundred grains were used per initial rice sample group, with three replicates. The grains were evenly placed on the germination bed, labeled with the germination bed number, and then placed in a 30℃ constant temperature incubator for the germination test. Germination was observed daily, and water was added to the germination bed as needed. The germination rate was recorded until the 10th day. This confirmed that the initial rice samples were in a state of normal germination.

[0102] 3. TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride) assay is a method for determining seed viability. It involves adding seed samples to a TTC solution and measuring the activity of dehydrogenases within the seeds to assess seed viability. Seed viability in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-11 was determined using the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method. Rice grains were cut open with a scalpel to expose the embryo, completely immersed in the TTC staining solution, and the container was wrapped in aluminum foil and placed in a 30°C incubator for staining for 1 hour. A red embryo indicates that the rice grains have not germinated but still possess viability, indicating that they have entered secondary dormancy. Figure 1 As shown in the figure. Experiments determined that when the concentration of abscisic acid solution sprayed on japonica rice was 800 mg / L to 1000 mg / L, the germination rate was 0%, indicating that 100% of the japonica rice grains entered dormancy. When the concentration of abscisic acid solution sprayed on indica rice was 1500 mg / L to 1600 mg / L, the germination rate was 0%, indicating that 100% of the indica rice grains entered dormancy. Figure 2 As shown.

[0103] Experimental Example 1 This experimental example demonstrates that the method of the present invention can maintain the stability of the main components of rice during storage: maintaining the stability of thousand-grain weight and crude fat, and reducing nutrient loss. The following experiments use rice that has entered secondary dormancy in Examples 2 and 5 as examples.

[0104] Thousand-grain weight, expressed in grams, is the weight of one thousand grains of rice and is an important indicator of the dry matter content of rice. Rice is a living organism that undergoes respiration during storage, releasing water and carbon dioxide, and generating heat—all processes involving the breakdown of grain components. The stronger the respiration process, the greater the loss of dry matter, and the lower the thousand-grain weight. Figure 3 As shown, during storage, the rate of decrease in thousand-grain weight of rice in the secondary dormancy group was lower than that in the non-dormant group, and after storage, the thousand-grain weight of both rice varieties in the secondary dormancy group was higher than that in the non-dormant group. For japonica rice, the thousand-grain weight decreased by 3.06% after 45 days of storage, reaching 26.60±0.12g, while the thousand-grain weight of the secondary dormancy group decreased by 1.24%, reaching 27.14±0.05g. For indica rice, the thousand-grain weight decreased by 2.9% after 90 days of storage, reaching 22.87±0.08g, while the thousand-grain weight of the secondary dormancy group decreased by 1.85%, reaching 23.08±0.07g. This is because the rice in a secondary dormancy state slows down metabolism, reducing the rate of decomposition of dry matter and nutrients.

[0105] Fat is one of the most important energy sources for rice to maintain its metabolism and other vital functions after harvest, and it is also an important nutrient. The higher the fat content of rice, the better its palatability and aroma. During rice storage, crude fat degrades, resulting in a decrease in its content. During storage, the rate of decrease in crude fat content in the secondary dormant group was lower than that in the non-dormant group, and after storage, the crude fat content in the secondary dormant group of both types of rice was higher than that in the non-dormant group. In japonica rice, the crude fat content decreased by 14.25% in the non-dormant group and by 10.59% in the secondary dormant group after 45 days of storage; in indica rice, the crude fat content decreased by 19.67% in the non-dormant group and by 13.85% in the secondary dormant group after 45 days of storage. This is because the secondary dormancy state slows down metabolism, reduces the rate of lipid hydrolysis, and also reduces the formation of secondary metabolites such as volatile substances. Figure 4 As shown.

[0106] Experimental Example 2 This experimental example demonstrates that the method of the present invention can effectively delay lipid oxidation: ABA treatment significantly inhibits the activity of related enzymes such as lipase, phospholipase D, and lipoxygenase, and slows down fatty acid hydrolysis and peroxidation. The following experiments use rice grains that have entered secondary dormancy in Examples 2 and 5 as examples.

[0107] (2) Changes in the activity of lipid metabolism-related enzymes during rice storage like Figure 5The figure shows the dynamic changes in lipase activity of two types of rice during storage. Lipase and phospholipase D (PLD) are important enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids. Studies have shown that low activity of membrane lipid-degrading enzymes is beneficial for maintaining plant cell membrane structure and disease resistance. In japonica rice, lipase activity decreased significantly by 67.09% from 2.27±0.07 U / g Pro to 0.75±0.02 U / g Pro when it first entered secondary dormancy. P <0.001), after 45 days of storage, the lipase activity in the secondary dormancy group was 26.4% lower than that in the non-dormant group. The lipase activity of indica rice at the onset of secondary dormancy decreased from 2.25±0.10 U / g Pro to 0.71±0.03 U / g Pro, a significant decrease of 68.31%. P <0.001), after 90 days of storage, the lipase activity in the secondary dormancy group was 30.71% lower than that in the non-dormant group. During storage, the lipase activity of rice showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the lipase activity of both types of rice under secondary dormancy was generally lower than that of the non-dormant group. The results indicate that the lipase activity of rice under secondary dormancy is reduced, possibly because the energy demand of rice is reduced under secondary dormancy, and it does not need a large amount of fatty acids for energy, thus inhibiting lipase activity.

[0108] like Figure 6 The figure shows the dynamic changes in lipoxygenase activity in two types of rice during storage. Lipoxygenase (LOX) catalyzes lipid peroxidation of the plasma membrane, increasing lipid unsaturation and thus altering membrane fluidity, directly affecting membrane integrity and permeability. LOX is an important enzyme in fatty acid metabolism pathways. LOX participates in various fatty acid metabolic pathways, such as linoleic acid metabolism and oleic acid metabolism. Studies have shown that low-flavor rice varieties have higher lipase and lipoxygenase activities, and reducing LOX expression in rice can significantly improve its storage resistance.

[0109] Upon entering secondary dormancy, both types of rice showed increased LOX activity, likely due to a transient stress response immediately following abscisic acid (ABA) application. With prolonged storage, the LOX activity in the secondary dormancy group of japonica rice generally decreased, while the LOX activity in the non-dormant group showed an initial increase followed by a decrease. After 45 days of storage, the LOX activity in the secondary dormancy group decreased by 45.47%, while the LOX activity in the non-dormant group increased by 30.4%. At the end of storage, the LOX activities in the secondary dormancy group and the non-dormant group were 1.26 ± 0.05 U / mg and 2.14 ± 0.03 U / mg, respectively. P<0.001); The LOX activity of indica rice showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. After storage, the LOX activity of the secondary dormancy group decreased by 35.8% compared to the initial value, while the LOX activity of the non-dormant group increased by 29.26% compared to the initial value. During storage, the LOX activity of the secondary dormancy group was significantly lower than that of the non-dormant group. This indicates that entering secondary dormancy inhibits the activity of lipoxygenase, slows down the metabolism and oxidation of fatty acids, and slows down the metabolism of linoleic acid, which is beneficial to delaying the deterioration of rice quality and the generation of unpleasant odors.

[0110] Phospholipases are a collective term for a series of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds and base exchange. There are five types of phospholipases: phospholipase A1 (PLA1), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), phospholipase C (PLC), phospholipase D (PLD), and phospholipase B (PLB). Research on PLB is still limited. PLA1 and PLA2 are mainly found in animals, PLC is abundant in microorganisms, and PLD is mainly found in plants. PLD catalyzes the production of the signal molecule phosphatidic acid (PA) from phospholipids, which is the most important enzyme involved in the degradation of the globular membrane. Rice varieties lacking PLD can significantly improve storage stability. Phosphatidic acid ultimately produces fatty acids, and phospholipids (PLs) are the main components of biological membranes. Figure 7 As shown, PLD activity decreased significantly in both types of rice after they entered secondary dormancy. P (<0.05), the PLD activity of japonica rice decreased by 51.49%, and that of indica rice decreased by 42.15%. During storage, the highest PLD activity in the non-dormant group of japonica rice reached 23.6±1.18 U / g, and the highest in the secondary dormant group reached 21.13±2.65 U / g; while indica rice, the highest PLD activity in the non-dormant group reached 45.53±1.18 U / g, and the highest in the secondary dormant group reached 21.87±2.9 U / g. The PLD activity of both rice varieties was significantly inhibited during storage due to secondary dormancy. The PLD activity showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing during storage, remaining at a low level in the later stages of indica rice storage. These results indicate that secondary dormancy can weaken PLD activity, thereby slowing down phospholipid metabolism and reducing the formation of phosphatidic acid and fatty acid products.

[0111] Experimental Example 3 This experimental example demonstrates that the method of the present invention can improve storage stability: after inducing secondary dormancy, the metabolic activity of rice decreases, electrical conductivity remains stable, cell membrane stability is maintained, fatty acid accumulation is reduced, and quality deterioration is delayed, making it suitable for normal temperature storage in high-temperature and high-humidity areas. The following experiments use rice that has entered secondary dormancy in Examples 2 and 5 as examples.

[0112] During rice storage, the main changes in lipids involve oxidation and hydrolysis. Hydrolysis produces free fatty acids, primarily oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and a small amount of stearic acid. These free fatty acids further oxidize and decompose into aldehydes, ketones, and other substances as the rice deteriorates. Therefore, changes in fatty acid values ​​during rice storage reflect changes in its quality, making fatty acid value the most sensitive indicator of whether rice is suitable for storage. Figure 8 It can be seen that the fatty acid value of japonica rice immediately after entering secondary dormancy was 18.62±0.27 mg / 100g, and that of indica rice was 19.61±0.23 mg / 100g. After 45 days of high-temperature and high-humidity storage, the fatty acid values ​​of the secondary dormant group and the non-dormant group increased by 31.65% and 64.32%, respectively, ultimately reaching 25.26±0.35 mg / 100g and 29.95±0.66 mg / 100g, respectively. After 90 days of high-temperature and high-humidity storage of indica rice, the fatty acid values ​​of the secondary dormant group and the non-dormant group increased by 51.57% and 87.00%, respectively, ultimately reaching 29.73±0.38 mg / 100g and 34.82±0.43 mg / 100g, respectively. The non-dormant group had reached a level where it was slightly unsuitable for storage. The results showed that for both types of rice, the rate of increase in fatty acid values ​​in the secondary dormant group was lower than that in the non-dormant group, indicating that the life activity of rice in the secondary dormant state was lower, which could effectively delay lipid degradation and oxidation, thereby reducing the generation of free fatty acids.

[0113] The electrical conductivity of rice grains is closely related to the integrity of the cell membrane; by detecting the conductivity, the degree of cell membrane damage can be preliminarily assessed. For example... Figure 9 The figure shows the changes in electrical conductivity values ​​of the two types of rice during storage. As can be seen from the figure, after 45 days of storage, the electrical conductivity value of the non-dormant group of japonica rice increased from 25.01±0.21µS / cm to 30.27±1.28µS / cm, an increase of 21.03%, while the electrical conductivity value of the secondary dormant group increased from 24.22±0.21µS / cm to 27.17±0.37µS / cm, an increase of 12.18%. After 90 days of storage, the electrical conductivity value of the non-dormant group of indica rice increased from 22.11±0.25µS / cm to 37.87±1.23µS / cm, an increase of 71.28%, while the electrical conductivity value of the secondary dormant group increased from 22.04±0.11µS / cm to 32.17±1.23µS / cm, an increase of 45.96%. The rate of increase in conductivity values ​​in both non-dormant rice groups was greater than that in the secondary dormant group. This indicates that secondary dormancy weakens rice cell activity and reduces cell membrane permeability, thus affecting conductivity. The non-dormant group showed relatively faster metabolism and a higher rate of membrane damage. These results suggest that secondary dormancy helps maintain cell membrane fluidity and integrity during rice storage, thereby ensuring storage stability.

[0114] Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a final product of lipid peroxidation that disrupts cell membrane integrity and reduces cell membrane fluidity. Figure 10 As shown, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of japonica rice showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing during 45 days of storage. After storage, the MDA content of the secondary dormant group was 19.33% lower than that of the non-dormant group. The MDA content of indica rice showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing during 90 days of storage. After storage, the MDA content of the secondary dormant group was 16.80% lower than that of the non-dormant group. This indicates that secondary dormancy can effectively delay the peroxidation reaction of rice lipids under the action of free radicals and reduce the accumulation of peroxides.

[0115] It should be noted that the rice in Examples 1, 3, 4, and 6 were subjected to the same experiments as in Examples 1 to 3. The experimental results show that the rice in Examples 1, 3, 4, and 6 can also maintain the main components of rice during storage, maintain the stability of thousand-grain weight and crude fat, and reduce nutrient loss; effectively delay lipid oxidation, ABA treatment significantly inhibits the activity of related enzymes such as lipase, phospholipase D, and lipoxygenase, and slows down fatty acid hydrolysis and peroxidation; improve storage stability, after inducing secondary dormancy, the metabolic activity of rice decreases, the conductivity remains stable, the cell membrane stability is maintained, the accumulation of fatty acid value is reduced, and the quality deterioration is delayed, making it suitable for normal temperature grain storage in high temperature and high humidity areas.

[0116] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0117] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preserving rice based on secondary dormancy induction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The rice grains that have not yet entered dormancy are sprayed with an abscisic acid solution to induce them to fully enter secondary dormancy; the mass-to-volume ratio of the rice grains to the abscisic acid solution is 7g~8g:1mL; the concentration of the abscisic acid solution is 800mg / L~1600mg / L. Rice that has entered a secondary dormancy state can be stored under high temperature and high humidity conditions; The high temperature is 34.5℃~35.5℃; the high humidity is a relative humidity of 73%~77%.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rice in question is either japonica or indica rice.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The initial moisture content of the japonica rice before dormancy was 13.5% to 13.8%.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The initial moisture content of the indica rice before dormancy was 12.5% ​​to 13.0%.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed on japonica rice is 800 mg / L to 1000 mg / L.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed on the japonica rice is 800 mg / L.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed on indica rice is 1500 mg / L to 1600 mg / L.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The concentration of the abscisic acid solution sprayed on indica rice is 1500 mg / L.

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