Self-driven cone crusher and crushing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-driven cone crusher and a crushing method. The crusher comprises a support frame, a winding stator is arranged on the support frame, a rotor body assembly is arranged in the support frame, and a movable cone assembly is supported by an upper spherical surface; the top of the supporting frame is connected with the fixed cone assembly through an adjusting base, a feeding hopper is arranged on the top, and a crushing cavity is formed between the fixed cone and the movable cone assembly. The movable cone assembly comprises a movable cone and a main shaft, the rotor body is sleeved on the lower portion of the main shaft, a supporting disc, a thrust bearing set and a base are sequentially arranged below the rotor body, and the base is arranged in the center of the bottom of the winding stator. Alternating current is supplied to the winding stator through a control system, the rotor body assembly is driven to rotate, the movable cone assembly is made to swing in a rotating mode, and extrusion crushing and discharging of materials are achieved. The self-driven design is adopted, a traditional motor and a traditional transmission device are omitted, energy loss is reduced, and energy efficiency is improved; and when unbreakable foreign matters are encountered, the stroke of the movable cone is reduced, and the foreign matters are released in an inclined manner, so that equipment damage is avoided, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cone crusher technology, specifically to a self-driven cone crusher and crushing method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing crushing and screening systems utilize crushers such as gyratory crushers, jaw crushers, cone crushers, reverse crushers, hammer crushers, vertical shaft crushers, high-pressure roller crushers, and inertial cone crushers, all of which are electrically driven. Power is transmitted to the crusher through a transmission device, resulting in low energy efficiency. The transmission device requires sophisticated machining and installation, and both the motor and transmission device have a high failure rate. Furthermore, the motor requires a foundation and adjustment mechanism, as well as reserved space for maintenance. The crushing equipment occupies a large area, leading to significant initial investment in the project.

[0003] Traditional cone crushers have a fixed eccentricity after installation, and the stroke of the moving cone is also a fixed value. When passing through iron, the stroke of the moving cone will not change, so the crusher will be severely damaged after passing through iron.

[0004] Traditional cone crushers often require different chamber designs to produce products of different particle sizes. When the product market changes, the chamber design needs to be changed to produce the new products required by the market. When the raw materials to be crushed change, the original crusher often struggles to adapt to the new material properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a self-driven cone crusher and crushing method, aiming to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-driven cone crusher, comprising: a support frame, on which a wound stator is mounted, and inside the wound stator is a rotor assembly; a spherical support is provided on the upper part of the wound stator to support the moving cone assembly; a fixed cone assembly is provided on the top of the support frame, and the fixed cone assembly is connected to the support frame via an adjusting seat; a feed hopper is also provided on the top of the fixed cone assembly; a crushing chamber is formed between the fixed cone assembly and the moving cone assembly; the moving cone assembly consists of a moving cone and a main shaft at the center of the moving cone, and the rotor assembly is fitted onto the lower part of the main shaft; a support plate, a thrust bearing assembly, and a base are sequentially provided on the lower part of the rotor assembly, and the base is installed at the center of the bottom of the wound stator; the control system provides AC power to the wound stator to drive the rotor assembly to rotate, causing the moving cone assembly to perform a gyratory motion, thereby crushing and discharging the material entering the crushing chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the spherical support includes a spherical tile, a support ring, an oil baffle ring, an air hole, a lubricating oil groove, an oil drain groove, an oil collection pit, and an oil return hole; the spherical tile has a lubricating oil groove on its spherical surface, one or more oil drain grooves are provided on the outer circle of the spherical tile, an oil collection pit is provided on the support ring below the oil drain groove of the spherical tile, and an oil return hole is provided at the bottom of the oil collection pit.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a lubrication system, which includes a central oil passage for the spindle, a transverse oil passage for the spindle, an internal oil passage for the moving cone, a hydraulic lubrication station, a filter, and a radiator. The spindle is equipped with a central oil passage and a transverse oil passage, which are connected to each other. The moving cone assembly is equipped with an internal oil passage for the moving cone, one end of which is connected to the transverse oil passage for the spindle, and the other end is aligned with the spherical bearing. The bottom of the winding stator is equipped with an oil drain hole, which is connected to the hydraulic lubrication station through an oil pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotor assembly includes a bushing, a permanent magnet rotor, a counterweight, a counterweight frame, and a permanent magnet assembly. The permanent magnet rotor has a permanent magnet assembly inside and a counterweight frame outside. The counterweight frame has an eccentric structure and a counterweight on one side. The permanent magnet rotor has a bushing inside. The bushing is fitted onto the lower part of the main shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a positive pressure dustproof mechanism and a contact-type sealed dustproof mechanism; the positive pressure dustproof mechanism includes an air filter, a blower, a nozzle, a duct, an internal air duct of the wound stator, and air holes; the wound stator is provided with an internal air duct, and the bottom of the wound stator is provided with a nozzle that communicates with the internal air duct; the nozzle is connected to the blower through the duct, and the blower is connected to the air filter; the internal air duct of the wound stator communicates with the air holes on the support ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the contact-type sealing dustproof mechanism comprises a sealing assembly and a spherical ring installed at the lower part of the moving cone assembly. The sealing assembly consists of a bracket and a sealing element. The bracket is installed on a support ring, and the sealing element is installed on the bracket. The sealing element is made of an elastic non-metallic material. After installation, the sealing element is bent by the spherical ring installed at the lower part of the moving cone assembly to form a contact seal.

[0012] Furthermore, the moving cone assembly is placed on a spherical support, and the moving cone assembly slides on the spherical support when the crusher is running; the bottom of the moving cone of the moving cone assembly is a convex spherical shape, and the top of the spherical tile of the spherical support is a concave spherical shape; the rotor body assembly is connected to the support plate, the support plate is connected to the upper plate of the thrust bearing assembly, and the lower plate of the thrust bearing assembly is connected to the base.

[0013] A self-driven cone crusher crushing method includes the following steps: S1: Start the cone crusher and maintain the power supply frequency. Let the cone crusher be running idle. The current of the cone crusher is ; Indicates the first preset current; Indicates the first set power supply frequency; S2: After the feeder feeds material, when the current of the cone crusher... At that time, set the power supply frequency ,until This stage is defined as a low-power state; Indicates the second preset current. ; Denotes the first constant; Indicates the material level in the cone crusher; Indicates the rated frequency; S3: When The feeder frequency is automatically set at this time. ; Indicates the first preset frequency; S4: When and At that time, the feeder frequency is set by interlocking with the current. ,when At this time, the feeder frequency is automatically set to [value]. ; Indicates the third preset current. ; This indicates the rated current of the cone crusher; Indicates the second constant; Indicates the second preset frequency; S5: When and At that time, the feeder frequency is set by interlocking with the current. This ensures that the crusher remains in optimal working condition. Represents the third constant; S6: When When the feeder stops feeding material, When the time comes, resume feeding from the feeder.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) This invention adopts a self-driven design, with a built-in permanent magnet rotor and wound stator directly driving the crusher, eliminating the need for traditional motors and transmission devices, significantly reducing energy loss and improving energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, the self-driven design greatly reduces the footprint of the crusher, reducing the initial investment in the project. In addition, the intelligent feeding and power matching system can automatically adjust the power supply frequency and feeder frequency according to the crusher current and material level, ensuring that the crusher is always in the optimal power state, greatly improving production efficiency.

[0015] (2) This invention features an automatic iron release function. When uncrushable foreign objects such as iron blocks are mixed into the crushing chamber, the stroke of the moving cone will decrease or even become negative, causing the moving cone to tilt towards the counterweight direction, thereby automatically releasing the iron blocks. This effectively avoids equipment damage caused by iron overflow and significantly extends the service life of the equipment. In addition, the design without a fixed eccentricity allows the stroke of the moving cone to automatically adjust according to changes in working conditions, avoiding the iron overflow damage problem caused by the fixed eccentricity in traditional cone crushers, further enhancing the reliability of equipment operation.

[0016] (3) This invention achieves fully automatic operation of the cone crusher. The crushing force and product particle size can be adjusted by controlling the power supply frequency to change the cone crusher's rotation speed according to material properties and product requirements, without needing to change the chamber type or other accessories, making operation extremely convenient. The lubrication system automatically controls the lubricating oil flow and temperature, ensuring stable lubrication and extending equipment life. The positive pressure dustproof mechanism and contact-type sealing dustproof mechanism effectively prevent dust and materials from entering, reducing malfunctions and maintenance work caused by dust. Furthermore, the low-temperature mode ensures normal operation of the equipment in low-temperature environments, further enhancing the equipment's adaptability and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cone crusher of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical support structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lubrication system structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lubricating oil flow direction in the lubrication system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor assembly structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight frame structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positive pressure dustproof mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the contact-type sealing and dustproof mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the concrete foundation structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram, 1. Support frame; 2. Winded stator; 3. Base; 4. Thrust bearing assembly; 5. Rotor assembly; 6. Sealing assembly; 7. Spherical support; 8. Moving cone assembly; 9. Fixed cone assembly; 10. Adjusting seat; 11. Feed hopper; 12. Support plate; 13. Crushing chamber; 14. Hydraulic lubrication station; 15. Filter; 16. Radiator; 17. Air filter; 18. Blower; 19. Nozzle; 20. Air duct; 21. Internal air duct of wound stator; 22. Foundation; 501. Bushing; 502. Permanent magnet rotor; 503. Counterweight; 504. Counterweight frame; 505. Permanent magnet assembly; 601. Support; 602. Seal; 701. Spherical bearing; 702. Support ring; 703. Oil retainer ring; 704. Air hole; 705. Lubricating oil groove; 706. Oil drain groove; 707. Oil collection pit; 708. Oil return hole; 801. Moving cone; 802. Main shaft; 803. Spherical ring; 804. Main shaft center oil passage; 805. Main shaft transverse oil passage; 806. Moving cone internal oil passage. Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a self-driven cone crusher, comprising: a support frame 1, on which a wound stator 2 is disposed, and inside the wound stator 2 is a rotor assembly 5; a spherical support 7 is provided on the upper part of the wound stator 2 to support a moving cone assembly 8; a fixed cone assembly 9 is provided on the top of the support frame 1, and the fixed cone assembly 9 is connected to the support frame 1 through an adjusting seat 10; a feed hopper 11 is also provided on the top of the fixed cone assembly 9; a connection is formed between the fixed cone assembly 9 and the moving cone assembly 8. The crushing chamber 13; the moving cone assembly 8 consists of a moving cone 801 and a main shaft 802 at the center of the moving cone 801. The rotor body assembly 5 is fitted on the lower part of the main shaft 802. The lower part of the rotor body assembly 5 is provided with a support plate 12, a thrust bearing assembly 4, and a base 3 in sequence. The base 3 is installed at the bottom center of the wound stator 2. The control system provides AC power to the wound stator 2 to drive the rotor body assembly 5 to rotate, so that the moving cone assembly 8 makes a gyratory motion, which crushes and discharges the material entering the crushing chamber 13.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the spherical support 7 includes a spherical tile 701, a support ring 702, an oil baffle ring 703, an air hole 704, a lubricating oil groove 705, an oil drain groove 706, an oil collection pit 707, and an oil return hole 708. The spherical surface of the spherical tile 701 is provided with a lubricating oil groove 705, and one or more oil drain grooves 706 are provided on the outer circle of the spherical tile 701. An oil collection pit 707 is provided on the support ring 702 below the oil drain groove 706 of the spherical tile 701, and an oil return hole 708 is provided at the bottom of the oil collection pit 707. Preferably, one or two oil drain grooves 706, oil collection pits 707, and oil return holes 708 are used.

[0029] The moving cone assembly 8 is placed on the spherical support 7, and slides on the spherical support 7 during crusher operation. The bottom of the moving cone of the moving cone assembly 8 is convex spherical, while the top of the spherical bearing 701 of the spherical support 7 is concave spherical, maintaining the stability of the moving cone assembly 8 through the spherical fit. The rotor assembly 5 is connected to the support plate 12, the support plate 12 is connected to the upper plate of the thrust bearing assembly 4, and the lower plate of the thrust bearing assembly 4 is connected to the base 3. When the rotor assembly 5 rotates, its rotational stability is maintained by the main shaft 802 and the thrust bearing assembly 4.

[0030] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a lubrication system, which includes a central oil passage 804, a transverse oil passage 805, an internal oil passage 806 for the moving cone, a hydraulic lubrication station 14, a filter 15, and a radiator 16. The central oil passage 804 and the transverse oil passage 805 are provided inside the spindle 802, and the central oil passage 804 and the transverse oil passage 805 are connected. The internal oil passage 806 for the moving cone assembly 8 is provided inside the moving cone assembly 8, one end of which is connected to the transverse oil passage 805, and the other end is aligned with the spherical bearing 701. An oil drain hole is provided at the bottom of the winding stator 2. The oil hole is connected to the hydraulic lubrication station 14 through the oil pipe; the lubricating oil is pumped out from the hydraulic lubrication station 14, passes through the filter 15 and the radiator 16, enters the crusher from the base 3, and then passes through the thrust bearing assembly 4, the support plate 12, and enters the main shaft center oil passage 804 in sequence. Then it reaches the spherical bearing 701 from the main shaft transverse oil passage 805 and the internal oil passage 806 of the moving cone. The lubricating oil passing through the spherical bearing 701 enters the rotor assembly 5 due to gravity. The lubricating oil on the rotor assembly 5 is thrown to the inner wall of the wound stator 2 due to centrifugal force. After the lubricating oil returns to the hydraulic lubrication station 14 after returning to the bottom of the wound stator 2.

[0031] Automatic control of the lubrication system: The flow rate of lubricating oil entering the oil passage is monitored by a flow sensor. The control system controls the frequency of the lubrication pump in the hydraulic lubrication station 14 based on the flow data to achieve a continuous and stable supply of lubricating oil. By return oil temperature Control the start and stop of radiator 16, when 16. Radiator not started; when and When, activate one radiator 16; when and When, activate both radiators 16; when At that time, activate three radiators 16; , , These represent the first, second, and third temperature thresholds, respectively. .

[0032] It also includes a heater for heating the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic lubrication station 14; when Start the heater at the time. This represents the initial temperature threshold.

[0033] When the ambient temperature When operating below -15℃, the low-temperature mode can be activated on the control system. When low-temperature mode is activated, the lubrication pump will automatically start intermittently when the equipment is detected to be in a stopped state to prevent the cone crusher from becoming too cold. The lubrication pump running time is [not specified in the original text]. Interval time ; This refers to the set interval operation cycle of the lubrication pump.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the rotor assembly 5 includes a bushing 501, a permanent magnet rotor 502, a counterweight 503, a counterweight frame 504, and a permanent magnet assembly 505. The permanent magnet rotor 502 has the permanent magnet assembly 505 inside and the counterweight frame 504 outside. Figure 6 As shown, the counterweight frame 504 has an eccentric structure, with a counterweight 503 on one side. A bushing 501 is provided inside the permanent magnet rotor 502; the bushing 501 is fitted onto the lower part of the main shaft 802. The counterweight frame 504 can accommodate counterweights 503 of different weights. The number of counterweights 503 can be multiple or a single. The counterweight frame 504 adopts a cam-like structure. Multiple mounting holes are provided on one side of the counterweight frame 504 for mounting the counterweights 503.

[0035] This also includes a positive pressure dustproof mechanism and a contact-type sealing dustproof mechanism: like Figure 7 As shown, the positive pressure dust prevention mechanism includes an air filter 17, a blower 18, a nozzle 19, an air duct 20, an internal air duct 21 for the wound stator, and an air hole 704. The internal air duct 21 is provided on the wound stator 2, and a nozzle 19 is provided at the bottom of the wound stator 2, which is connected to the internal air duct 21. The nozzle 19 is connected to the blower 18 through the air duct 20, and the blower 18 is connected to the air filter 17. The internal air duct 21 for the wound stator is connected to the air hole 704 on the support ring 702. The air filtered by the air filter 17 is pumped out by the blower 18 and enters the internal air duct 21 for the wound stator through the air duct 20 and the nozzle 19. The internal air duct 21 for the wound stator transmits the air through the air hole 704 into the crusher, maintaining the internal air pressure of the crusher greater than the external air pressure, thus preventing dust from entering.

[0036] like Figure 8As shown, the contact-type sealing dustproof mechanism includes a sealing assembly 6 and a spherical ring 803 installed at the lower part of the moving cone assembly 8. The sealing assembly 6 consists of a bracket 601 and a sealing element 602. The bracket 601 is installed on the support ring 702, and the sealing element 602 is installed on the bracket 601. The sealing element 602 is made of elastic non-metallic material. After installation, the sealing element 602 is bent by the spherical ring 803 installed at the lower part of the moving cone assembly 8 to form a contact seal. There can be one or more contact seals, and it is recommended to use two contact seals.

[0037] like Figure 9 As shown, the support frame 1 can be replaced by a concrete foundation 22.

[0038] A self-driven cone crusher crushing method includes the following steps: S1: Start the cone crusher and maintain the power supply frequency. Let the cone crusher be running idle. The current of the cone crusher is ; Indicates the first preset current; This indicates the first set power supply frequency.

[0039] S2: After the feeder feeds material, when the current of the cone crusher... At that time, set the power supply frequency ,until This stage is defined as a low-power state; Indicates the second preset current. ; Denotes the first constant; Indicates the material level in the cone crusher; Indicates the rated frequency.

[0040] S3: When The feeder frequency is automatically set at this time. ; This indicates the first preset frequency.

[0041] S4: When and At that time, the feeder frequency is set by interlocking with the current. ,when At this time, the feeder frequency is automatically set to [value]. ; Indicates the third preset current. ; This indicates the rated current of the cone crusher; Indicates the second constant; This indicates the second preset frequency.

[0042] S5: When and At that time, the feeder frequency is set by interlocking with the current. This ensures that the crusher remains in optimal working condition. This represents the third constant.

[0043] S6: When When the feeder stops feeding material, When the time comes, resume feeding from the feeder.

[0044] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-driven cone crusher, characterized in that, include: A support frame is provided, on which a wound stator is mounted. Inside the wound stator is a rotor assembly. A spherical support is provided on the upper part of the wound stator to support the moving cone assembly. A fixed cone assembly is located on the top of the support frame and is connected to the support frame via an adjusting seat. A feed hopper is also provided on the top of the fixed cone assembly. A crushing chamber is formed between the fixed cone assembly and the moving cone assembly. The moving cone assembly consists of a moving cone and a main shaft at the center of the moving cone. The rotor assembly is fitted onto the lower part of the main shaft. A support plate, a thrust bearing assembly, and a base are sequentially located on the lower part of the rotor assembly. The base is installed at the center of the bottom of the wound stator. An AC power supply to the wound stator via a control system drives the rotor assembly to rotate, causing the moving cone assembly to perform a gyratory motion, thereby crushing and discharging the material entering the crushing chamber.

2. The self-driven cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical support includes a spherical tile, a support ring, an oil baffle ring, an air hole, a lubricating oil groove, an oil drain groove, an oil collection pit, and an oil return hole; the spherical tile has a lubricating oil groove on its spherical surface, one or more oil drain grooves are provided on the outer circle of the spherical tile, an oil collection pit is provided on the support ring below the oil drain groove of the spherical tile, and an oil return hole is provided at the bottom of the oil collection pit.

3. A self-driven cone crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a lubrication system, which includes a central oil passage for the spindle, a transverse oil passage for the spindle, an internal oil passage for the moving cone, a hydraulic lubrication station, a filter, and a radiator. The spindle has a central oil passage and a transverse oil passage, which are connected to each other. The moving cone assembly has an internal oil passage, one end of which is connected to the transverse oil passage for the spindle, and the other end is aligned with the spherical bearing. The bottom of the winding stator has an oil drain hole, which is connected to the hydraulic lubrication station through an oil pipe.

4. A self-driven cone crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotor assembly includes a bushing, a permanent magnet rotor, a counterweight, a counterweight frame, and a permanent magnet assembly. The permanent magnet rotor has a permanent magnet assembly inside and a counterweight frame outside. The counterweight frame has an eccentric structure and a counterweight on one side. The permanent magnet rotor has a bushing inside. The bushing is fitted on the lower part of the main shaft.

5. A self-driven cone crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a positive pressure dustproof mechanism and a contact-type sealed dustproof mechanism; the positive pressure dustproof mechanism includes an air filter, a blower, a nozzle, a duct, an internal air duct of the wound stator, and air holes; the wound stator is provided with an internal air duct, and the bottom of the wound stator is provided with a nozzle that communicates with the internal air duct; the nozzle is connected to the blower through the duct, and the blower is connected to the air filter; the internal air duct of the wound stator communicates with the air holes on the support ring.

6. A self-driven cone crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The contact-type sealing dustproof mechanism consists of a sealing assembly and a spherical ring installed at the lower part of the moving cone assembly. The sealing assembly consists of a bracket and a sealing element. The bracket is installed on the support ring and the sealing element is installed on the bracket. The seal is made of elastic non-metallic material. After installation, the seal is bent by the spherical ring installed at the bottom of the moving cone assembly to form a contact seal.

7. A self-driven cone crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moving cone assembly is placed on a spherical support, and the moving cone assembly slides on the spherical support when the crusher is running; the bottom of the moving cone of the moving cone assembly is convex spherical, and the top of the spherical bearing of the spherical support is concave spherical; the rotor body assembly is connected to the support plate, the support plate is connected to the upper plate of the thrust bearing assembly, and the lower plate of the thrust bearing assembly is connected to the base.

8. A crushing method applied to the self-driven cone crusher according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The steps include: S1: Start the cone crusher and maintain the power supply frequency. Let the cone crusher be running idle. The current of the cone crusher is ; Indicates the first preset current; Indicates the first set power supply frequency; S2: After the feeder feeds material, when the current of the cone crusher... At that time, set the power supply frequency ,until This stage is defined as a low-power state; Indicates the second preset current. ; Denotes the first constant; Indicates the material level in the cone crusher; Indicates the rated frequency; S3: When The feeder frequency is automatically set at this time. ; Indicates the first preset frequency; S4: When and At that time, the feeder frequency is set by interlocking with the current. ,when At this time, the feeder frequency is automatically set to [value]. ; Indicates the third preset current. ; This indicates the rated current of the cone crusher; Indicates the second constant; Indicates the second preset frequency; S5: When and At that time, the feeder frequency is set by interlocking with the current. This ensures that the crusher remains in optimal working condition. Indicates the third constant; S6: When When the feeder stops feeding material, When the time comes, resume feeding from the feeder.

Images