Jet flow micro-bubble micro-fine particle flotation pipe

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flotation equipment, in particular to a jet flow micro-bubble micro-fine particle flotation pipe which comprises a flotation tank, a concentrate tank and a circulating tank, a lower washing pipe is arranged on the upper portion in the flotation tank, the lower portion of the flotation tank is communicated to the top of the circulating tank, the circulating tank is communicated to the top end of the lower washing pipe through a feeding pump, and a new ore pulp adding pipe is arranged in the circulating tank. The spraying system comprises a spraying disc, a flow detection assembly, a liquid level monitoring assembly, a spraying adjusting assembly and a control module. The control module monitors the flow of new ore pulp and the liquid level height of the flotation tank in real time, dynamically adjusts the sectional area and the rotating speed of the spraying disc, judges the operation state in combination with the liquid level deviation value and gives an early warning, and spraying coverage rate optimization and liquid level accurate control are achieved. The flotation quality and efficiency can be improved, the impurity content and the equipment maintenance cost are reduced, and the economic benefits and the technical level of the flotation technology are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flotation equipment technology, and in particular to a jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube. Background Art

[0002] With the deepening of mineral resource development, the importance of flotation technology in mineral separation is becoming increasingly prominent. However, in actual flotation processes, the design and control of the spray system have a significant impact on the flotation effect. Most existing flotation spray systems adopt a fixed flow rate mode, but impurities are always present in the system during flotation. As new pulp is added, the amount of impurities gradually increases, and the constant flow rate spray shows certain limitations in cleaning effect, easily causing some impurities to enter the concentrate cell with the concentrate, thereby reducing the flotation quality.

[0003] Meanwhile, after flotation in the flotation cell, the finished product floats to the upper layer of the liquid along with the foam. The height of the upper liquid level is determined by the feeding system; too high a liquid level will affect the quality of the flotation product, while too low a liquid level may reduce flotation efficiency. Currently, the liquid level is mainly controlled by adjusting the frequency of the slurry pump and the opening of the automatic control valve. However, changing the frequency of the slurry pump will affect the generation of bubbles, thus interfering with the flotation effect.

[0004] Furthermore, the initial stage of flotation typically involves fresh pulp with relatively few impurities. However, as the concentrate is gradually removed, slag pulp participates in flotation along with the fresh pulp, and the remaining impurities gradually accumulate. This makes it easier for impurities to enter the concentrate cell with the concentrate during subsequent flotation processes, further affecting the flotation quality.

[0005] Utility model disclosure CN218981931U discloses a flotation column spray beneficiation device, including a flotation column body, a collection trough at the top of the flotation column body, the collection trough being inclined around the flotation column body, and a concentrate outlet at the lowest point of the collection trough; a non-standard disc above the collection trough; a feed inlet on one side of the flotation column body; a circumferential jet inside the flotation column body, the circumferential jet being connected to a foam generator; a slag discharge valve at the bottom of the flotation column body, and a separation device below the slag discharge valve; the separation device is connected to a circulating water pump, a water purification device, and a pressure reducing device sequentially from top to bottom via a water pipe. This utility model utilizes the through holes on the non-standard disc to form a water column flowing into the flotation column body, breaking the foam on the upper layer of the flotation column body while washing away impurities, and repeated flotation to ensure the purity of the concentrate and the cleaning effect. However, although this scheme utilizes the through holes on the non-standard disc to form multiple water columns flowing into the flotation column body, breaking through the foam on the upper layer of the flotation column body and washing away the impurities in the foam along with the concentrate, it does not fully consider the increase in the number of impurities, nor does it take into account the problem of the stability of the flotation liquid surface. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, solve or at least alleviate the problems of flotation spray systems in terms of cleaning effect and liquid level control, and provide a jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube, wherein the flotation equipment includes a flotation cell, a concentrate cell, and a circulation cell, wherein a downflush pipe is provided in the upper part of the flotation cell, and the lower part of the flotation cell is connected to the top of the circulation cell, wherein the circulation cell is connected to the top of the downflush pipe through a feed pump, and the circulation cell is provided with a new slurry inlet pipe, and further includes a spray system, wherein the spray system includes: a spray plate, a flow detection component, a liquid level monitoring component, a spray adjustment component, and a control module; The spray plate is a sealed cavity that is rotatably sleeved on the lower punch tube. The spray plate is located above the flotation cell and has multiple spray areas evenly distributed around its bottom circumference. The spray areas are evenly distributed with multiple spray holes. The flow detection component is used to detect the flow rate data in the new slurry inlet pipe; The liquid level monitoring component is used to monitor the height data of the liquid level in the flotation cell; The spray adjustment component is used to adjust the number of spray holes, spray flow rate, and rotation speed of the spray disc. The control module is used to control the spraying status of the sprinkler system.

[0008] To further realize the present invention, the following technical solutions may be preferred: Preferably, the spray adjustment assembly includes a control baffle and a pressure control unit. The control baffle is rotatably attached to the bottom surface of the spray plate. The control baffle includes multiple blocking parts, and the number of blocking parts is equal to the number of spray areas and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. By rotating the control baffle, the number of unblocked spray holes in the spray area is changed. The pressure control unit is used to adjust the pressure in the spray plate, thereby controlling the spray flow rate.

[0009] Preferably, the control module is configured according to the following steps: S1. Monitor the flow rate data of the new slurry inlet pipe in real time, record the cumulative amount of new slurry added, and at the same time monitor the change in the liquid level in the flotation cell in real time and record the historical data of the liquid level. S2. Calculate the increase in impurities based on the cumulative amount of new slurry added, and adjust the spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate based on the increase in impurities. Change the spray speed by adjusting the pressure inside the spray plate to keep the spray flow rate at the set value. S3. Compare the actual height of the liquid level in the flotation cell with the set height and record the liquid level deviation value; S4. Analyze the changes in liquid level deviation and spray cross-sectional area to determine the operating status of the flotation cell and obtain the type of deviation. S5. Select different thresholds according to the type of deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the liquid level threshold or the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the spray area threshold, generate an early warning signal and / or adjust the parameters of the spray system.

[0010] Preferably, the deviation types in step S4 include excessively high liquid level deviation, excessively low liquid level deviation, insufficient spray coverage deviation, and uneven spraying deviation; wherein excessively high liquid level deviation is when the liquid level in the flotation cell is continuously higher than the set value, excessively low liquid level deviation is when the liquid level in the flotation cell is continuously lower than the set value, insufficient spray coverage deviation is when the spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate is less than the set value, and uneven spraying deviation is when the distribution of spray holes in the spray plate leads to uneven spray flow distribution.

[0011] Preferably, step S5 includes the following steps: S51. The deviation type is liquid level too high deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is less than the first liquid level too high threshold, the number of spray holes on the spray plate is reduced. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first liquid level too high threshold but less than the second liquid level too high threshold, the number of spray holes is reduced and the rotation speed of the spray plate is reduced. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the second liquid level too high threshold, some spray holes are closed and the rotation of the spray plate is stopped. S52. The deviation type is low liquid level deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is less than the first low liquid level threshold, the number of spray holes on the spray plate is increased. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first low liquid level threshold but less than the second low liquid level threshold, the number of spray holes is increased and the rotation speed of the spray plate is increased. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the second low liquid level threshold, all spray holes are opened and the rotation speed of the spray plate is increased to the maximum value. S53. The deviation type is insufficient spray coverage deviation. When the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is less than the first insufficient coverage threshold, the number of spray holes of the spray plate is increased. When the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the first insufficient coverage threshold and less than the second insufficient coverage threshold, the number of spray holes is increased and the rotation speed of the spray plate is increased. When the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the second insufficient coverage threshold, all spray holes are opened and the rotation speed of the spray plate is adjusted to the median value. S54. The deviation type is spray unevenness deviation. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is less than the first unevenness threshold, the spray hole distribution of the spray plate is adjusted. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is greater than the first unevenness threshold and less than the second unevenness threshold, the spray hole distribution is adjusted and the rotation speed of the spray plate is reduced. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is greater than the second unevenness threshold, the spray hole position is redistributed and the rotation of the spray plate is stopped.

[0012] Preferably, after executing step S5, the following steps are also executed: when the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first liquid level too high threshold or the first liquid level too low threshold, the liquid level fluctuation frequency is calculated. When the fluctuation frequency is less than the first set value, the liquid level fluctuation is caused by the instability of the feeding system; when the fluctuation frequency is greater than the second set value, the liquid level fluctuation is caused by the abnormal operation of the slurry pump.

[0013] Preferably, step S5 includes the following steps: when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, reduce the number of spray holes of the spray plate and reduce the rotation speed of the spray plate, and proceed to step S51; when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the second liquid level over-high threshold, close some spray holes and stop the rotation of the spray plate, and proceed to step S51; when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the third liquid level over-high threshold, remove the slag slurry in the flotation cell and recirculate it.

[0014] Preferably, step S5 further includes the following steps: if the deviation value of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is less than the first liquid level over-high threshold, it is determined to be a normal fluctuation, and the initial operating state of the spray plate is restored; if the largest of the deviation values ​​of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, the number of spray holes is reduced and the rotation speed of the spray plate is reduced, and the process proceeds to step S51; if the deviation value of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, the operating parameters of the slurry pump are adjusted, and the process proceeds to step S51; if the total value of the liquid level deviation in the subsequent multiple time windows is less than the third liquid level over-high threshold, the initial operating state of the spray plate is restored; if the total value of the liquid level deviation in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the third liquid level over-high threshold, the operating parameters of the slurry pump are adjusted and the slag slurry in the flotation cell is removed.

[0015] Preferably, before executing step S5, the following preparatory steps must be completed in sequence: remove the influence of the amount of new slurry added from the actual spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray disc in the previous multiple time windows to generate a determination spray coverage rate; determine the spray effect based on the determination spray coverage rate; if the spray coverage rate is lower than the set value for the proportion of foam surface covered by spray water in the flotation cell, increase the number of spray holes; if the spray coverage rate is higher than the set value, decrease the number of spray holes. The method for determining the spray coverage rate is as follows: if there are areas on the foam surface that are not covered by water flow during the spraying process in the flotation cell, it indicates that the spray coverage rate is insufficient; if there are areas on the foam surface where the water flow is excessively concentrated, it indicates that the spraying is uneven.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention, based on the dynamic changes in liquid level and spray coverage within the flotation cell, constructs a mathematical model relating the spray cross-sectional area to the amount of fresh slurry added. By adjusting the number of spray holes and rotation speed of the spray plate in real time, it solves the problem of insufficient cleaning effect under constant flow spray mode. The spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate expands with the increase of fresh slurry addition, reducing the possibility of impurities entering the concentrate cell with the concentrate and improving flotation quality.

[0017] Meanwhile, this invention achieves precise control of the liquid level in the flotation cell by adjusting the number and rotation speed of the spray holes in the spray plate, avoiding the problem of bubble generation being affected by changes in the slurry pump frequency. Stable control of the liquid level not only improves the quality of the flotation product but also increases flotation efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, this invention monitors the spraying effect on the foam surface and adjusts the spraying parameters in a timely manner to ensure that the sprayed water flow can evenly cover the foam surface, reducing the risk of foam breakage and enhancing the adaptability of the spraying system. Employing a multi-parameter linkage control strategy, by combining parameters such as the amount of new slurry added, liquid level, and spray coverage, comprehensive monitoring of the flotation process is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spray system of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the spray plate of the spray system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spray plate and regulating baffle of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the configuration of the control module of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of step S5 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the subsequent processing of step S5 in this invention.

[0025] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Flotation cell; 2. Circulation cell; 3. Concentrate cell; 4. Fresh slurry inlet pipe; 5. Spray plate; 6. Control baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1 Most existing flotation sprays adopt a fixed flow rate mode, but impurities are always present in the system during flotation. As new slurry is added, the impurities gradually increase. The constant flow rate spray shows certain limitations in cleaning effect and can easily cause some impurities to enter the concentrate cell 3 with the concentrate, thereby reducing the flotation quality.

[0029] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment discloses a jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube. The flotation equipment includes a flotation cell 1, a concentrate cell 3, and a circulation cell 2. A downflush pipe is provided in the upper part of the flotation cell 1, and the lower part of the flotation cell 1 is connected to the top of the circulation cell 2. The circulation cell 2 is connected to the top of the downflush pipe through a feed pump. The circulation cell 2 is provided with a new slurry inlet pipe 4. It also includes a spray system, which includes a spray plate 5, a flow detection component, a liquid level monitoring component, a spray adjustment component, and a control module. The spray plate 5 is a sealed cavity that is rotatably sleeved on the lower punch pipe. The spray plate 5 is located above the flotation cell 1 and has multiple spray areas evenly distributed around its bottom circumference. The spray areas are evenly distributed with multiple spray holes. The flow detection component is used to detect the flow data in the new slurry inlet pipe 4; The liquid level monitoring component is used to monitor the height data of the liquid level in flotation cell 1; The spray adjustment component is used to adjust the number of spray holes, spray flow rate and rotation speed of the spray disc 5; The control module is used to control the spraying status of the sprinkler system.

[0030] The spray adjustment assembly includes a regulating baffle 6 and a pressure control unit. The regulating baffle 6 is rotatably attached to the bottom surface of the spray plate 5. The regulating baffle 6 includes multiple blocking parts, and the number of blocking parts is equal to the number of spray areas and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. By rotating the regulating baffle 6, the number of unblocked spray holes in the spray area is changed. The pressure control unit is used to adjust the pressure in the spray plate 5, thereby controlling the spray flow rate.

[0031] The flow detection component 4 is installed on the outer wall of the new slurry inlet pipe 4, near the inlet of the new slurry inlet pipe 4, for real-time detection of the flow rate data of the new slurry. The liquid level monitoring component 5 is located on the upper side wall of the flotation cell 1, near the liquid level of the flotation cell 1, for real-time monitoring of changes in the liquid level height within the flotation cell 1. The spray adjustment component 6 is installed below the spray plate 5 and connected to the spray plate 5 via a mechanical transmission device, for adjusting the number of spray holes and the spray flow rate of the spray plate 5.

[0032] This invention, based on the dynamic variation of the liquid level and spray coverage in flotation cell 1, constructs a mathematical model relating the spray cross-sectional area to the amount of new slurry added. By adjusting the number of spray holes and rotation speed of the spray plate 5 in real time, it solves the problem of insufficient cleaning effect under constant flow spray mode. The spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate 5 increases with the increase of the amount of new slurry added, reducing the possibility of impurities entering the concentrate cell 3 with the concentrate and improving flotation quality.

[0033] Example 2 After flotation in flotation cell 1, the finished product floats to the upper layer of the liquid along with the foam. The height of the upper liquid level is determined by the feeding system. If the liquid level is too high, it will affect the quality of the flotation product, while if the liquid level is too low, it may reduce the flotation efficiency. Currently, the liquid level is mainly controlled by adjusting the frequency of the slurry pump and the opening of the automatic control valve. However, changing the frequency of the slurry pump will affect the generation of bubbles, thus interfering with the flotation effect.

[0034] Reference Figure 4 In this embodiment, the control module is configured according to the following steps: S1. Monitor the flow rate data of the new slurry inlet pipe 4 in real time, record the cumulative amount of new slurry added, and at the same time monitor the change in the liquid level in the flotation cell 1 in real time and record the historical data of the liquid level. S2. Calculate the increase in impurities based on the cumulative amount of new slurry added, and adjust the spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate 5 based on the increase in impurities. Change the spray speed by adjusting the pressure inside the spray plate 5 to keep the spray flow rate at the set value. S3. Compare the actual height of the liquid level in flotation cell 1 with the set height and record the liquid level deviation value; S4. Analyze the changes in liquid level deviation and spray cross-sectional area to determine the operating status of flotation cell 1 and obtain the type of deviation. S5. Select different thresholds according to the type of deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the liquid level threshold or the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the spray area threshold, generate an early warning signal and / or adjust the parameters of the spray system.

[0035] In step S2, the real-time spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate 5 is calculated using the following formula: set the volume of the slurry in the flotation cell 1 as X, the cumulative amount of new slurry added as Y, the initial spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate 5 as S0, and the real-time spray cross-sectional area as S1. Then S1 is equal to the ratio of Y to X multiplied by S0 and then multiplied by the spray coefficient K. The spray coefficient K is adjusted by detecting the content of impurities in the concentrate in the concentrate tank 3.

[0036] The deviation types in step S4 include excessively high liquid level deviation, excessively low liquid level deviation, insufficient spray coverage deviation, and uneven spraying deviation; among which, excessively high liquid level deviation is when the liquid level in flotation cell 1 is continuously higher than the set value, excessively low liquid level deviation is when the liquid level in flotation cell 1 is continuously lower than the set value, insufficient spray coverage deviation is when the spray cross-sectional area of ​​spray plate 5 is less than the set value, and uneven spraying deviation is when the distribution of spray holes in spray plate 5 leads to uneven spray flow distribution.

[0037] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 Step S5 includes the following steps: S51. The deviation type is liquid level too high deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is less than the first liquid level too high threshold, the number of spray holes in the spray plate 5 is reduced. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first liquid level too high threshold but less than the second liquid level too high threshold, the number of spray holes is reduced and the rotation speed of the spray plate 5 is reduced. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the second liquid level too high threshold, some spray holes are closed and the rotation of the spray plate 5 is stopped. S52. The deviation type is low liquid level deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is less than the first low liquid level threshold, the number of spray holes of the spray plate 5 is increased. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first low liquid level threshold but less than the second low liquid level threshold, the number of spray holes is increased and the rotation speed of the spray plate 5 is increased. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the second low liquid level threshold, all spray holes are opened and the rotation speed of the spray plate 5 is increased to the maximum value. S53. The deviation type is insufficient spray coverage deviation. When the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is less than the first insufficient coverage threshold, the number of spray holes of the spray plate 5 is increased; when the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the first insufficient coverage threshold and less than the second insufficient coverage threshold, the number of spray holes is increased and the rotation speed of the spray plate 5 is increased; when the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the second insufficient coverage threshold, all spray holes are opened and the rotation speed of the spray plate 5 is adjusted to the median value. S54. The deviation type is spray unevenness deviation. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is less than the first unevenness threshold, the spray hole distribution of the spray disk 5 is adjusted. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is greater than the first unevenness threshold and less than the second unevenness threshold, the spray hole distribution is adjusted and the rotation speed of the spray disk 5 is reduced. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is greater than the second unevenness threshold, the spray hole positions are redistributed and the rotation of the spray disk 5 is stopped. After executing step S5, the following steps are also executed: when the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first liquid level too high threshold or the first liquid level too low threshold, the liquid level fluctuation frequency is calculated. When the fluctuation frequency is less than the first set value, the liquid level fluctuation is caused by the instability of the feeding system; when the fluctuation frequency is greater than the second set value, the liquid level fluctuation is caused by the abnormal operation of the slurry pump.

[0038] Step S5 includes the following steps: when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, reduce the number of spray holes of the spray plate 5 and reduce the rotation speed of the spray plate 5, and proceed to step S51; when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the second liquid level over-high threshold, close some spray holes and stop the rotation of the spray plate 5, and proceed to step S51; when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the third liquid level over-high threshold, remove the slag slurry in the flotation cell 1 and recirculate it.

[0039] Step S5 further includes the following steps: if the deviation value of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is less than the first liquid level over-high threshold, it is determined to be a normal fluctuation, and the initial operating state of the spray plate 5 is restored; if the largest of the deviation values ​​of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, the number of spray holes is reduced and the rotation speed of the spray plate 5 is reduced, and the process proceeds to step S51; if the deviation value of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, the operating parameters of the slurry pump are adjusted, and the process proceeds to step S51; if the total value of the liquid level deviation in the subsequent multiple time windows is less than the third liquid level over-high threshold, the initial operating state of the spray plate 5 is restored; if the total value of the liquid level deviation in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the third liquid level over-high threshold, the operating parameters of the slurry pump are adjusted and the slag slurry in the flotation cell 1 is removed.

[0040] To further optimize the spraying effect, before executing step S5, the following preparatory steps must be completed in sequence: remove the influence of the amount of new slurry added from the actual spraying cross-sectional area of ​​the spraying disk 5 in the previous multiple time windows to generate a judgment spraying coverage rate; determine the spraying effect based on the judgment spraying coverage rate; if the spraying coverage rate is lower than the set value for the proportion of foam surface covered by sprayed water in flotation cell 1, increase the number of spray holes; if the spraying coverage rate is higher than the set value, decrease the number of spray holes. The method for determining the spray coverage rate is as follows: if there is an area on the foam surface that is not covered by water flow during the spraying process of the flotation cell 1, it indicates that the spray coverage rate is insufficient; if there is an area on the foam surface where the water flow is excessively concentrated, it indicates that the spraying is uneven.

[0041] Through the above steps, this invention achieves precise control over the liquid level and spray coverage in flotation cell 1, solving the problems of cleaning effect and liquid level control in the prior art. The spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate 5 increases with the increase of the amount of new slurry added, reducing the possibility of impurities entering concentrate cell 3 with the concentrate and improving flotation quality. At the same time, by adjusting the number of spray holes and the rotation speed of the spray plate 5, stable control of the liquid level in flotation cell 1 is achieved, avoiding the problem of bubble generation being affected by changes in the frequency of the feed pump.

[0042] Example 3 To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this invention, the specific implementation principle of this invention will be further explained below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0043] First, slurry is continuously injected into flotation cell 1 through the new slurry inlet pipe 4. The flow monitoring component collects the flow rate data of the new slurry in real time and transmits this data to the control system. Based on the data from the flow monitoring component, the control system calculates the cumulative amount of new slurry added and estimates the cumulative amount of impurities by combining this data with the volume of flotation cell 1. Simultaneously, the liquid level monitoring component monitors the liquid level in flotation cell 1 in real time and feeds back the changes in liquid level data to the control system. The control system determines the operating status of flotation cell 1 based on the deviation between the actual liquid level and the set liquid level.

[0044] During the operation of the spray plate 5, the control system dynamically adjusts the spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate 5 according to the cumulative amount of new slurry added. Initially, the spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate 5 is S0. As new slurry is continuously added, the control system calculates the real-time spray cross-sectional area according to the formula S1 = Y / X × S0 × K, where Y is the cumulative amount of new slurry added, X is the slurry volume of the flotation cell 1, and K is the spray coefficient. The spray coefficient K can be adjusted by detecting the impurity content in the concentrate in the concentrate tank 3. Based on the calculation results, the control system adjusts the number of spray holes in the spray plate 5 and regulates the spray speed by changing the pressure inside the spray plate 5, ensuring that the spray flow rate remains within the set range.

[0045] When the liquid level monitoring component detects a deviation in the liquid level height within flotation cell 1, the control system combines the liquid level deviation value with changes in the spray cross-sectional area to determine the operating status and type of deviation within flotation cell 1. If the liquid level is too high, and the deviation value is less than the first high liquid level threshold, the control system reduces the number of spray holes on the spray plate 5. If the deviation value is between the first and second high liquid level thresholds, the control system not only reduces the number of spray holes but also decreases the rotation speed of the spray plate 5. If the deviation value exceeds the second high liquid level threshold, the control system closes some spray holes and stops the rotation of the spray plate 5. For cases where the liquid level is too low, when the liquid level deviation value is less than the first low liquid level threshold, the control system increases the number of spray holes on the spray plate 5. If the deviation value is between the first and second low liquid level thresholds, the control system simultaneously increases the number of spray holes and increases the rotation speed of the spray plate 5. If the deviation value exceeds the second low liquid level threshold, the control system opens all spray holes and increases the rotation speed of the spray plate 5 to its maximum value.

[0046] To address the issue of insufficient spray coverage, when the deviation of the spray cross-sectional area is less than the first insufficient coverage threshold, the control system increases the number of spray holes on the spray plate 5. If the deviation is between the first and second insufficient coverage thresholds, the control system not only increases the number of spray holes but also increases the rotation speed of the spray plate 5. If the deviation exceeds the second insufficient coverage threshold, the control system opens all spray holes and adjusts the rotation speed of the spray plate 5 to the median value. For uneven spraying, when the deviation of the spray flow distribution is less than the first unevenness threshold, the control system adjusts the distribution of spray holes on the spray plate 5. If the deviation is between the first and second unevenness thresholds, the control system adjusts the distribution of spray holes and reduces the rotation speed of the spray plate 5. If the deviation exceeds the second unevenness threshold, the control system redistributes the spray hole positions and stops the rotation of the spray plate 5.

[0047] After completing the above steps, the control system further analyzes the cause of the liquid level fluctuation. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first liquid level too high threshold or the first liquid level too low threshold, the control system calculates the liquid level fluctuation frequency. If the fluctuation frequency is less than the first set value, the cause of the liquid level fluctuation is determined to be an unstable feeding system; if the fluctuation frequency is greater than the second set value, the cause is determined to be an abnormal operation of the feed pump. The control system adjusts the operating parameters of the feed pump or removes the slag slurry in flotation cell 1 according to the cause of the liquid level fluctuation.

[0048] Before executing the above control steps, the control system needs to complete a series of preparatory steps to optimize the spraying effect. First, the control system eliminates the influence of the amount of new slurry added on the actual spraying cross-sectional area of ​​the spraying plate 5, generating data to determine the spraying coverage rate. Subsequently, the control system evaluates the spraying effect based on the determined spraying coverage rate. If the spraying coverage rate is lower than the set value, the control system increases the number of spray holes in the spraying plate 5; if the spraying coverage rate is higher than the set value, the control system decreases the number of spray holes. The method for determining the spraying coverage rate is as follows: during the spraying process in the flotation cell 1, if there are areas on the foam surface that are not covered by the water flow, it indicates that the spraying coverage rate is insufficient; if there are areas on the foam surface where the water flow is excessively concentrated, it indicates that the spraying is uneven.

[0049] Through the above steps, this invention achieves precise control over the liquid level and spray coverage in flotation cell 1. The spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate 5 increases with the increase of the amount of new slurry added, reducing the possibility of impurities entering concentrate cell 3 with the concentrate, thereby improving flotation quality. Simultaneously, by adjusting the number of spray holes and the rotation speed of the spray plate 5, stable control of the liquid level in flotation cell 1 is achieved, avoiding the problem of bubble generation being affected by changes in the feed pump frequency.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A jet microbubble fine particle flotation tube, comprising a flotation cell (1), a concentrate cell (3), and a circulation cell (2), wherein a downflush pipe is provided in the upper part of the flotation cell (1), the lower part of the flotation cell (1) is connected to the top of the circulation cell (2), the circulation cell (2) is connected to the top of the downflush pipe through a feed pump, and a new slurry inlet pipe (4) is provided in the circulation cell (2), characterized in that, It also includes a spray system, which includes: a spray plate (5), a flow detection component, a liquid level monitoring component, a spray adjustment component, and a control module; The spray plate (5) is a sealed cavity that is rotatably sleeved on the lower punch pipe. The spray plate (5) is located above the flotation cell (1) and its bottom surface is evenly distributed with multiple spray areas. The spray areas are evenly distributed with multiple spray holes. The flow detection component is used to detect the flow data in the new slurry inlet pipe (4); The liquid level monitoring component is used to monitor the height data of the liquid level in the flotation cell (1); The spray adjustment component is used to adjust the number of spray holes, spray flow rate and rotation speed of the spray plate (5); The control module is used to control the spraying status of the sprinkler system.

2. The jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray adjustment assembly includes a control baffle (6) and a pressure control unit. The control baffle (6) is rotatably attached to the bottom surface of the spray plate (5). The control baffle (6) includes multiple shielding parts. The number of shielding parts is equal to the number of spray areas and they are set one-to-one. By rotating the control baffle (6), the number of unshielded spray holes in the spray area is changed. The pressure control unit is used to adjust the pressure in the spray plate (5) to control the spray flow rate.

3. A jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The control module is configured according to the following steps: S1. Monitor the flow rate data of the new slurry inlet pipe (4) in real time, record the cumulative amount of new slurry added, and monitor the change in the liquid level in the flotation cell (1) in real time, and record the historical data of the liquid level. S2. Calculate the increase in impurities based on the cumulative amount of new slurry added, and adjust the spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate (5) based on the increase in impurities. Change the spray speed by adjusting the pressure inside the spray plate (5) to keep the spray flow rate at the set value. S3. Compare the actual height of the liquid level in the flotation cell (1) with the set height and record the liquid level deviation value; S4. Analyze the changes in liquid level deviation and spray cross-sectional area to determine the operating status of the flotation cell (1) and obtain the deviation type; S5. Select different thresholds according to the type of deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the liquid level threshold or the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the spray area threshold, generate an early warning signal and / or adjust the parameters of the spray system.

4. The jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube according to claim 3, characterized in that, The deviation types in step S4 include excessively high liquid level deviation, excessively low liquid level deviation, insufficient spray coverage deviation, and uneven spraying deviation; among which excessively high liquid level deviation is when the liquid level in the flotation tank (1) is continuously higher than the set value, excessively low liquid level deviation is when the liquid level in the flotation tank (1) is continuously lower than the set value, insufficient spray coverage deviation is when the spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate (5) is less than the set value, and uneven spraying deviation is when the distribution of spray holes in the spray plate (5) results in uneven spray flow distribution.

5. The jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S5 includes the following steps: S51. The deviation type is liquid level too high deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is less than the first liquid level too high threshold, the number of spray holes of the spray plate (5) is reduced. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first liquid level too high threshold and less than the second liquid level too high threshold, the number of spray holes is reduced and the rotation speed of the spray plate (5) is reduced. When the liquid level deviation value is greater than the second liquid level too high threshold, some spray holes are closed and the rotation of the spray plate (5) is stopped. S52. The deviation type is liquid level too low deviation. When the liquid level deviation value is less than the first liquid level too low threshold, the number of spray holes of the spray plate (5) is increased; when the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first liquid level too low threshold and less than the second liquid level too low threshold, the number of spray holes is increased and the rotation speed of the spray plate (5) is increased; when the liquid level deviation value is greater than the second liquid level too low threshold, all spray holes are opened and the rotation speed of the spray plate (5) is increased to the maximum value. S53. The deviation type is insufficient spray coverage deviation. When the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is less than the first insufficient coverage threshold, the number of spray holes of the spray plate (5) is increased; when the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the first insufficient coverage threshold and less than the second insufficient coverage threshold, the number of spray holes is increased and the rotation speed of the spray plate (5) is increased; when the spray cross-sectional area deviation value is greater than the second insufficient coverage threshold, all spray holes are opened and the rotation speed of the spray plate (5) is adjusted to the median value. S54. The deviation type is spray unevenness deviation. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is less than the first unevenness threshold, the spray hole distribution of the spray plate (5) is adjusted. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is greater than the first unevenness threshold and less than the second unevenness threshold, the spray hole distribution is adjusted and the rotation speed of the spray plate (5) is reduced. When the spray flow distribution deviation value is greater than the second unevenness threshold, the spray hole position is redistributed and the rotation of the spray plate (5) is stopped.

6. A jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube according to claim 5, characterized in that, After executing step S5, the following steps are also executed: when the liquid level deviation value is greater than the first liquid level too high threshold or the first liquid level too low threshold, the liquid level fluctuation frequency is calculated. When the fluctuation frequency is less than the first set value, the liquid level fluctuation is caused by the instability of the feeding system; when the fluctuation frequency is greater than the second set value, the liquid level fluctuation is caused by the abnormal operation of the slurry pump.

7. A jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S5 includes the following steps: when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, reduce the number of spray holes of the spray plate (5) and reduce the rotation speed of the spray plate (5), and proceed to step S51; when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the second liquid level over-high threshold, close some spray holes and stop the rotation of the spray plate (5), and proceed to step S51; when the liquid level deviation value of the current time window is greater than the third liquid level over-high threshold, remove the slag slurry in the flotation cell (1) and recirculate it.

8. A jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step S5 also The process includes the following steps: if the deviation value of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is less than the first liquid level over-high threshold, it is determined to be a normal fluctuation, and the initial operating state of the spray plate (5) is restored; if the largest of the deviation values ​​of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, the number of spray holes is reduced and the rotation speed of the spray plate (5) is reduced, and step S51 is entered; if the deviation value of each liquid level in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the first liquid level over-high threshold and less than the second liquid level over-high threshold, the operating parameters of the slurry pump are adjusted, and step S51 is entered; if the total value of the liquid level deviation in the subsequent multiple time windows is less than the third liquid level over-high threshold, the initial operating state of the spray plate (5) is restored; if the total value of the liquid level deviation in the subsequent multiple time windows is greater than the third liquid level over-high threshold, the operating parameters of the slurry pump are adjusted and the slag slurry in the flotation cell (1) is removed.

9. A jet microbubble microparticle flotation tube according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before executing step S5, the following preparatory steps must be completed in sequence: remove the influence of the amount of new slurry added from the actual spray cross-sectional area of ​​the spray plate (5) in the previous multiple time windows to generate a determination spray coverage rate; determine the spray effect based on the determination spray coverage rate; if the spray coverage rate is lower than the set value for the proportion of foam surface covered by spray water in the flotation cell (1), increase the number of spray holes; if the spray coverage rate is higher than the set value, decrease the number of spray holes. The method for determining the spray coverage rate is as follows: if an area not covered by water appears on the surface of the flotation cell (1) during the spraying process, it indicates that the spray coverage rate is insufficient; if an area of ​​excessive water concentration appears on the surface of the flotation cell, it indicates that the spraying is uneven.

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