A gear processing and manufacturing apparatus

Abstract

This application discloses a gear processing and manufacturing apparatus, belonging to the field of gear manufacturing. It includes: a clamping assembly; a shifting assembly; a processing assembly with a high-speed rotating processing tool; gear axes on the two clamping assemblies are perpendicular; the shifting assembly is connected to the two clamping assemblies via a rotating assembly; the rotating assembly drives the two clamping assemblies to rotate around a rotation axis; the rotation axis forms a 45° angle with the processing gear axis on the clamping assembly; the processing tool is horizontally positioned, with the gear axis on one clamping assembly facing downwards and the gear axis on the other clamping assembly horizontally positioned. The beneficial effect of this application is that by setting up a double clamping assembly and a rotating assembly, it enables the loading and unloading of one gear while processing another, effectively reducing equipment idle time and significantly improving production efficiency. The rotating assembly drives the clamping assemblies to rotate around a specific axis, completing the station switching and waste chip cleaning functions, realizing the continuity and automation of the processing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gear manufacturing, and in particular to a gear processing and manufacturing apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when machining holes in the middle of gears, a drive device is needed to move the gear closer to a high-speed rotating cutter body, which then completes the machining of the hole in the middle of the gear. Since the cutter body is part of the machine tool and is horizontally positioned, the gear also moves laterally towards and away from the cutter body during machining. As a result, after machining, a lot of debris tends to remain in the hole of the gear. This debris cannot be removed promptly and requires manual cleaning, increasing the machining time. Furthermore, the existing technology only processes one gear at a time, further extending the machining time and ultimately leading to low gear machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to improve the problem of low gear processing efficiency caused by the increased processing time, this application provides a gear processing and manufacturing apparatus.

[0004] The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A gear processing and manufacturing apparatus includes: a clamping assembly for directly or indirectly clamping a gear; a shifting assembly for driving the clamping assembly to move laterally and vertically; and a processing assembly having a high-speed rotating processing cutter for machining a central hole in the gear. Two clamping assemblies are provided, with the gear axes on the two clamping assemblies perpendicular to each other. The shifting assembly is connected to the two clamping assemblies via a rotating assembly. The rotating assembly drives the two clamping assemblies to rotate about a rotation axis. The rotation axis forms a 45° angle with the gear axis on the clamping assembly. The processing cutter is horizontally positioned, with the gear axis on one clamping assembly pointing downwards and the gear axis on the other clamping assembly also horizontally positioned.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating component drives the two clamping components to rotate. After one gear is processed, the rotating component moves the other component to be processed to the processing position. Therefore, by using the two clamping components, two gears can be processed simultaneously, which helps to improve processing efficiency. The downward orientation of the gear axis on the clamping component means that the clamping component is facing downwards. After the gear is processed, the hole in the middle of the gear will directly connect with the space below. Furthermore, because the gear axis is downwards, the processing debris will be directly removed from the hole in the middle of the gear under the action of gravity, enabling rapid debris removal. The rotating component driving the two clamping components to rotate not only achieves the function of switching gears for processing, but also uses the inertia of rotation to fling the debris in the middle of the gear, allowing the debris to be better separated from the gear and then fall downwards under the action of gravity. This achieves both rapid gear processing and rapid auxiliary chip removal after gear processing.

[0007] Optionally, the processing assembly further includes: a receiving box and a blower; the blower is used to blow air outwards, and the direction in which the air is blown outwards by the blower intersects with the gear with its axis pointing downwards; the receiving box is located below the gear.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the air blowing component directly blows air, which can better utilize the air flow to blow the waste debris in the middle of the gear away from the gear and then fall into the receiving box.

[0009] Optionally, the clamping assembly includes: multiple jaws, a drive member for simultaneously clamping the multiple jaws, and multiple abutment members disposed on the jaws; the jaws abut against the tooth tips of the gear, and the abutment members abut against the tooth grooves of the gear.

[0010] Optionally, the abutment includes: a plurality of elastic tubes and a liquid injection device connected to the elastic tubes; the elastic tubes have elastic chambers, and the liquid injection device injects liquid into the elastic chambers; the elastic tubes abut against the toothed grooves.

[0011] By employing the above technical solution, when dealing with gears of different tooth counts, mechanical grippers alone often struggle to accurately clamp the gear teeth, leading to partial clamping and increased external force on the teeth, making them susceptible to damage or scratches. However, by utilizing the elastic tubes on the grippers, and with the grippers abutting against the gear tooth tips, the grippers prevent themselves from penetrating the teeth, protecting them. The elastic tubes then contact the tooth groove wall. Because multiple elastic tubes are present, there are more contact points with the gear teeth, mitigating excessive external force on the groove wall during the positioning process. Liquid is then injected into the elastic chamber using a liquid injection device, maintaining the current shape of the elastic tubes. At this point, the elastic tubes are in contact with the gear tooth groove wall, thus achieving precise clamping of the gear teeth and adapting to gears of different sizes.

[0012] Optionally, the injection component includes an injection pump, an injection manifold, and multiple injection branch pipes connected to the injection manifold; the injection branch pipes are connected to the elastic chamber, and the injection manifold is connected to the injection pump.

[0013] Optionally, the abutment includes: an elastic bladder, a magnetorheological fluid injection structure, and an electromagnet structure; the elastic bladder is fixed to the gripper or the driving member; the magnetorheological fluid injection structure injects magnetorheological fluid into the elastic bladder and causes the elastic bladder to expand to fill the tooth groove of the gear; the electromagnet structure is disposed above or below the elastic bladder, and the electromagnet structure is used to form a magnetic field to solidify the magnetorheological fluid.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the magnetorheological fluid allows the elastic bag to fill the tooth groove, thereby abutting the inner wall of the tooth groove. By controlling the volume of the injected magnetorheological fluid, the elastic bag can be completely abutted against the inner wall of the tooth groove. Then, the electromagnet structure generates a magnetic field, and the magnetorheological fluid solidifies, making the elastic bag act as a solid, thus achieving the clamping of the gear. Because the elastic bag is completely abutted against the inner wall of the tooth groove, the tooth groove is subjected to uniform force, and the clamping of the gear is more stable.

[0015] Optionally, the magnetorheological fluid injection structure includes: a reservoir, a piston component disposed in the reservoir, and a power component for moving the piston component; the reservoir is provided with a through hole; and the elastic bladder is covered by the through hole.

[0016] Optionally, the abutment further includes a limiting structure that limits the elastic bladder in the direction of its downward expansion.

[0017] Optionally, multiple through holes are provided, and the number of elastic pouches is the same as the number of through holes.

[0018] Optionally, the liquid storage tank is fixed to the drive component; a recessed groove is provided in the middle of the liquid storage tank, and the position of the recessed groove coincides with the middle of the gear.

[0019] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] 1. By setting up a dual clamping assembly and a rotating assembly, the loading and unloading of one gear can be performed simultaneously while one gear is being processed, effectively reducing equipment downtime and significantly improving production efficiency. The rotating assembly drives the clamping assembly to rotate around a specific axis, completing the station switching and waste removal functions, realizing the continuity and automation of the processing process, and greatly improving gear processing efficiency.

[0021] 2. By combining gravity and rotational inertia, the waste chips generated during processing are allowed to fall off naturally or be thrown away from the gear holes by centrifugal force. Combined with a blower for directional airflow, the waste chip removal effect is further enhanced, ensuring the holes are clean and preventing secondary processing or contamination.

[0022] 3. Through the design of various abutment components (such as elastic rubber, liquid-filled elastic tubes, and magnetorheological fluid), stable and non-destructive clamping of gears with different numbers of teeth is achieved. The abutment components have a large contact area with the tooth grooves, dispersing pressure and preventing damage or breakage of the tooth surface, while ensuring positioning accuracy and shock resistance during processing. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure after the shifting component is moved outward from the processing component;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the mounting bracket and some surrounding parts;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the gripper and some surrounding parts;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a part of the embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the first plate, the second plate, and some surrounding parts;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the elastic bladder and the liquid storage tank;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a part of the embodiment, mainly showing the location structure of the through hole;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a part of the embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the electromagnet and some surrounding parts;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of a part of the embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the elastic bladder after expansion and deformation;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the first step of the position change of the first plate when the gripper holds the gear;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the second step of the change in the position of the first plate when the gripper holds the gear;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the third step of the position change of the first plate when the gripper holds the gear;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of part of the embodiment, which mainly shows the structure that when the number of teeth of the gear is not divisible by 3, only some of the jaws can fully enter the tooth groove, while other jaws cannot fully enter the tooth groove.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the elastic tube and some surrounding parts;

[0037] Figure 15 This is a structural schematic diagram of a part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the flexible mesh and some surrounding parts;

[0038] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram as part of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the flexible net and flexible rope.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 1. Clamping components;

[0041] 11. Gripper;

[0042] 12. Driving component; 121. Driving housing;

[0043] 13. Abutment component; 131. Elastic tube; 132. Elastic bladder; 133. Magnetorheological fluid injection structure; 1331. Storage tank; 1332. Piston component; 1333. Power component; 1335. Through hole; 1336. Recessed groove; 134. Electromagnet structure; 135. Limiting structure; 1351. Flexible net; 1352. Flexible rope; 1353. First plate; 1354. Second plate; 1355. Elastic structure;

[0044] 2. Displacement assembly; 21. Mounting bracket;

[0045] 3. Machining components; 31. Machining tools;

[0046] 4. Rotating component;

[0047] 5. Gear; 51. Tooth tip; 52. Tooth groove;

[0048] 6. Receiving box;

[0049] 7. Trachea. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-16 This application will be described in further detail.

[0051] This application discloses a gear processing and manufacturing apparatus.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Refer to the attached diagram. Figures 1-3 A gear processing and manufacturing apparatus includes: a clamping assembly 1, a shifting assembly 2, a processing assembly 3, and a rotating assembly 4.

[0054] The clamping assembly 1 is used to directly or indirectly clamp the gear 5. The shifting assembly 2 is used to drive the clamping assembly 1 to move laterally and vertically. The machining assembly 3 has a high-speed rotating machining tool 31, which is used to machine the center hole of the gear 5. In this embodiment, the clamping assembly 1 can be a pneumatic gripper 11 or a hydraulic gripper 11. The shifting assembly 2 adopts a gantry structure, a screw and nut combination drive structure, an electric cylinder combination drive, or a combination of pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders drive. The shifting assembly 2 is used to drive the clamping assembly 1 to move laterally and vertically, which moves the clamping assembly 1 to the position for picking up the gear 5 and the position for machining the gear 5 within the machining assembly 3. The machining assembly 3 is a machining center device, consisting of a machine bed and a high-speed rotating machining tool 31. The high-speed rotating machining tool 31 is existing technology and will not be described further. The machining tool 31 can be a drill bit, a milling cutter, or a tool body used for planing operations.

[0055] The displacement assembly 2 includes a mounting frame 21 capable of horizontal and vertical movement, and a rotating assembly 4 is mounted on the mounting frame 21. Two clamping assemblies 1 are provided, with the axes of the gears 5 on the two clamping assemblies 1 perpendicular to each other. The displacement assembly 2 is connected to the two clamping assemblies 1 via the rotating assembly 4, which drives the two clamping assemblies 1 to rotate around a rotation axis. The rotation axis forms a 45° angle with the axis of the machining gear 5 on the clamping assembly 1. The machining cutter 31 is horizontally positioned, with the axis of the gear 5 on one clamping assembly 1 pointing downwards, and the axis of the gear 5 on the other clamping assembly 1 horizontally positioned. The machining cutter 31 coincides with the axis of the horizontally positioned gear 5, thereby machining a hole in the middle of the gear 5. The gear 5 with its axis pointing downwards is located below the horizontally positioned gear 5. After the horizontally positioned gear 5 is machined, the rotating assembly 4 will swap the positions of the two gears 5, allowing the waste chips on the hole of the gear 5 with its axis pointing downwards to fall directly downwards.

[0056] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating component 4 drives the two clamping components 1 to rotate. After one gear 5 is processed, the rotating component 4 moves the other component 3 to be processed to the processing position. Therefore, by using the two clamping components 1, two gears 5 can be processed simultaneously, which is beneficial to improving processing efficiency. The fact that the axis of the gear 5 on the clamping component 1 is facing downwards means that the clamping component 1 is facing downwards. After the gear 5 is processed, the hole in the middle of the gear 5 will be directly connected to the space below. Furthermore, because the axis of the gear 5 is facing downwards, the waste chips from the processing will be directly removed from the hole in the middle of the gear 5 under the action of gravity, which can quickly achieve the cleaning of waste chips. The rotating component 4 drives the two clamping components 1 to rotate, which not only realizes the function of switching gears 5 for processing, but also uses the inertia of rotation to fling the waste chips in the middle of the gear 5, so that the waste chips are better separated from the gear 5, and then fall downwards under the action of gravity. This achieves both rapid processing of the gear 5 and rapid auxiliary chip removal after the gear 5 is processed.

[0057] Refer to the attached diagram. Figures 1-3 In some possible implementations, the processing component 3 further includes a receiving box 6 and a blower. The blower uses an air pipe 7, which is externally connected to a pump body. The blower is used to blow air outwards, and the direction of the air blown outwards intersects with the downward-facing gear 5. The receiving box 6 is located below the gear 5. The receiving box 6 is used on the machine tool to receive materials. Since the direction of the air blown outwards from the air pipe 7 intersects with the downward-facing axis of the gear 5, air can be blown into the holes of the gear 5 and blow away the waste materials from the gear 5. This allows for better separation of the waste materials from the gear 5, and the waste materials falling downwards will directly fall into the receiving box 6 below, thus achieving rapid recycling and collection of waste materials.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that:

[0060] The clamping assembly 1 includes: a plurality of grippers 11, a drive member 12 for simultaneously clamping the plurality of grippers 11, and a plurality of abutment members 13 disposed on the grippers 11. In one possible implementation of the abutment members 13 in this embodiment 2, the abutment members 13 are made of elastic rubber material. The grippers 11 abut against the tooth tip 51 of the gear 5, and the abutment members 13 abut against the tooth groove 52 of the gear 5. The gripper 11 is a plate, which can be a flat plate or a curved plate. The width of the gripper 11 is greater than the width of the tooth groove 52. Preferably, the gripper 11 can simultaneously grip the tooth tips 51 of two teeth of the gear 5. When the gripper 11 grips the tooth tips 51 of the gear 5, the abutment 13 on the gripper 11 will undergo elastic deformation and embed itself into part of the tooth groove 52 and abut against part of the groove wall of the tooth groove 52, thereby realizing the abutment 13 abutting against the tooth groove 52. The abutment 13 can assist the gripper 11 in clamping the gear 5, making the process of the gripper 11 clamping the gear 5 more stable.

[0061] When dealing with gears 5 with different numbers of teeth, it is difficult for the mechanical gripper alone to accurately clamp the gear 5 in the tooth groove 52. For example, the shape of the gripper 11 matches the inner part of the tooth groove 52, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 13 When the three-jaw gripper 11 faces a number of teeth in gear 5 that are not divisible by 3, only some of the grippers 11 can fully enter the tooth groove 52, while others cannot. As a result, some grippers 11 do not contact the tooth groove 52, while others only make line contact with a part of the tooth groove 52. This leads to a small force-bearing area when the mechanical gripper holds a part of the tooth groove 52. Because fewer grippers 11 are used to contact the tooth groove 52, the force is greater, increasing the pressure on the tooth groove 52. The tooth groove 52 is prone to scratches or other serious damage, such as the teeth of gear 5 being prone to breakage. If the gripper 11 only holds a portion of the gear 5 and the external force of the gripper 11 on the gear 5 is small, the gear 5 may wobble due to the machining tool 31 machining the gear 5, or the gear 5 may be easily thrown outward due to the inertia of the rotating component 4 driving the gripper 11 component to rotate. Therefore, the gripper 11 component needs to stably hold the gear 5.

[0062] Therefore, in this embodiment 2, the gripper 11 simultaneously clamps two teeth to achieve initial clamping of the gear 5. The abutment 13 deforms elastically and makes surface contact with most of the tooth groove 52, thereby relieving the pressure on the groove wall of the tooth groove 52 and better protecting the gear 5.

[0063] The drive unit 12 includes a drive housing 121 and internal components, both of which are existing technologies.

[0064] In some possible implementations of the drive unit 12, the drive unit 12 adopts the power part of the pneumatic gripper 11, or the drive unit 12 adopts both the power part and the transmission part of the pneumatic gripper 11, such as a four-bar linkage type gripper 11 or a gear 5 transmission type gripper 11. When the gripper 11 clamps the gear 5, the drive housing 121 abuts against the end face of the gear 5, thereby clamping the gear 5 and positioning it at the same time, serving as a positioning fixture, facilitating the gear 5 to cooperate with the machining tool 31 to machine the hole position of the gear 5.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The difference between Example 3 and Example 2 is as follows:

[0067] Refer to the attached diagram. Figure 14 The abutment member 13 includes: a plurality of elastic tubes 131 and a liquid injection member connected to the elastic tubes 131. Each elastic tube 131 has an elastic chamber, and the liquid injection member injects liquid into the elastic chamber; the elastic tube 131 abuts against the toothed groove 52. Each elastic tube 131 includes a telescopic tube and a spring, with the spring disposed inside the telescopic tube, thus giving the telescopic tube elasticity and allowing it to extend. In this embodiment 3, the elastic tube 131 is fixed to the gripper 11. The liquid injection member is a structure capable of injecting liquid into the elastic chamber, such as a liquid pump.

[0068] In this embodiment 3, the abutment member 13, including an elastic tube 131 and an injection member, replaces the rubber abutment member 13 in embodiment 2. This application utilizes the gripper 11 to abut against the tooth tip 51 of the gear 5, thus preventing the gripper 11 from extending into the tooth groove 52 and avoiding damage to the tooth groove 52, protecting the tooth groove 52. The elastic tube 131 on the gripper 11 allows it to contact the groove wall of the tooth groove 52 when the gripper 11 holds the gear 5. The elastic tube 131 can undergo elastic deformation. When the gripper 11 contacts the tooth tip 51, the elastic tube 131 contacts the groove wall of the tooth groove 52. Since multiple elastic tubes 131 are provided, there are more contact points with the tooth groove 52 of the gear 5, mitigating the impact of excessive external force on the groove wall of the tooth groove 52 during the positioning process. Then, the liquid is injected into the elastic chamber using the injection device. Since the liquid is almost incompressible, the elastic tube 131 maintains its current shape. At this time, the elastic tube 131 is a rigid structure. The elastic tube 131 contacts the groove wall of the tooth groove 52 of the gear 5, thereby clamping the tooth groove 52 of the gear 5. Regardless of the number of teeth of the gear 5, the elastic tube 131 can contact the inner wall of the tooth groove 52, so it can be adapted to gears 5 of different sizes.

[0069] In this embodiment 3, another possible implementation of the injection component is that the injection component includes an injection pump, a main injection pipe, and multiple injection branch pipes connected to the main injection pipe. The injection branch pipes are connected to the elastic chambers, and the main injection pipe is connected to the injection pump. The arrangement of the main injection pipe and injection branch pipes allows for better simultaneous injection of liquid into multiple elastic chambers. Furthermore, the arrangement of multiple injection branch pipes and a main injection pipe ensures that the pressure in each injection branch pipe is the same, thus ensuring that the external force applied by each elastic tube 131 to the toothed groove 52 is the same, avoiding uneven force distribution on the toothed groove 52.

[0070] In this embodiment 3, the controllable rigidification of the elastic tube 131 provides a better clamping effect on the gear 5 compared to the elastic rubber in embodiment 2.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] The difference between Example 4 and Example 2 is as follows:

[0073] Refer to the attached diagram. Figures 4-8 The abutment member 13 includes: an elastic bladder 132, a magnetorheological fluid injection structure 133, and an electromagnet structure 134. The elastic bladder 132 is fixed to the gripper 11 or the driving member 12; preferably, the elastic bladder 132 is connected to the driving housing 121 of the driving member 12. The magnetorheological fluid injection structure 133 injects magnetorheological fluid into the elastic bladder 132, causing the elastic bladder 132 to expand and fill the tooth groove 52 of the gear 5. The electromagnet structure 134 is disposed above or below the elastic bladder 132, and the electromagnet structure 134 is used to generate a magnetic field to solidify the magnetorheological fluid. The electromagnet structure 134 is an electromagnet, and the magnetorheological fluid injection structure can be a pump body. By adopting the above technical solution, the magnetorheological fluid allows the elastic bag 132 to fill the tooth groove 52, thereby abutting the elastic bag 132 against the inner wall of the tooth groove 52. By controlling the volume of the injected magnetorheological fluid, the elastic bag 132 can be completely abutted against the inner wall of the tooth groove 52. Then, the electromagnet structure 134 generates a magnetic field, and the magnetorheological fluid solidifies, making the elastic bag 132 act as a solid, thereby achieving the clamping of the gear 5. Since the elastic bag 132 is completely abutted against the inner wall of the tooth groove 52, the tooth groove 52 is subjected to uniform force, and the clamping of the gear 5 will be more stable.

[0074] A preferred implementation of the magnetorheological fluid injection structure 133 in this embodiment 4 is as follows: the magnetorheological fluid injection structure 133 includes: a reservoir 1331, a piston component 1332 disposed in the reservoir 1331, and a power component 1333 for moving the piston component 1332. The piston abuts against the inner wall of the reservoir 1331. A through hole 1335 is provided on the reservoir 1331; the elastic bladder 132 covers the through hole 1335. The structure is simpler and more reliable by using the power component 1333 to move the piston. The piston squeezes the magnetorheological fluid in the reservoir 1331, causing the magnetorheological fluid to move outward through the through hole 1335 and causing the elastic bladder 132 to expand downward, allowing the elastic bladder 132 to directly fill the toothed groove 52. The downward expansion of the flexible bladder is not only affected by the pressure provided by the piston component 1332, but also by the gravity of the magnetorheological fluid itself, making it easier for the flexible bladder to fill into the tooth groove 52 of the gear 5.

[0075] In the specific design, the liquid storage tank 1331 is fixed to the drive housing 121, and the electromagnet structure 134 is positioned below the liquid storage tank 1331. Multiple through holes 1335 are arranged in a circumferential array around a central line. Multiple flexible bags are also provided, with the number of bags matching the number of through holes 1335. The number of electromagnet structures 134 matches the number of through holes 1335, ensuring that the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet structure 134 after power supply can more effectively and efficiently solidify the magnetorheological fluid within the corresponding flexible bag.

[0076] In some other implementations, the abutment 13 further includes a limiting structure 135. The limiting structure 135 limits the elastic bag 132 in the direction of its downward expansion. Since the magnetorheological fluid in the elastic bag 132 will fall downward under its own weight, when the elastic bag 132 elastically deforms, it will preferentially fall downward and deform. This can easily lead to a situation where the elastic bag 132 does not deform in the surrounding direction (the radial direction of the gear 5), that is, the elastic bag 132 preferentially falls downward and deforms, making it difficult to deform in the surrounding direction to abut against the groove wall of the tooth groove 52. Therefore, by using the limiting structure 135 to limit the deformation of the flexible bag in the downward direction, when the flexible bag cannot deform downward, the elastic bag 132 will deform in the surrounding direction, filling the tooth groove 52 and expanding to abut against the groove wall of the tooth groove 52. The elastic bag 132 can fully and completely abut against the groove wall of the tooth groove 52. After the magnetorheological fluid in the elastic bag 132 solidifies, the elastic bag 132 can also position and clamp the gear 5 more accurately, quickly and stably.

[0077] Refer to the attached diagram. Figures 15-16In one possible implementation of the limiting structure 135, the limiting structure 135 includes a flexible net 1351 and a flexible rope 1352. The flexible net 1351 is attached and fixed to the middle of the elastic bag 132, and one end of the flexible rope 1352 is connected to the flexible net 1351, while the other end is connected to the liquid storage tank 1331. The flexible rope 1352 restricts the position of the flexible net 1351, thereby limiting the downward deformation of the elastic bag 132, and then causing the elastic bag 132 to deform axially and completely fill the toothed groove 52, fully abutting against the groove wall of the toothed groove 52.

[0078] Refer to the attached diagram. Figures 4-8 In another possible implementation of the limiting structure 135, the limiting structure 135 includes multiple plates distributed at the lower end and periphery of the gear 5, facilitating the direct deformation of the elastic bladder 132 within the tooth groove 52 and its complete filling, abutting against the groove wall of the tooth groove 52. The multiple plates are a first plate 1353 and a second plate 1354. Both the first plate 1353 and the second plate 1354 are connected to the gripper 11. When the gripper 11 clamps the tooth tip 51 of the gear 5, the first plate 1353 is located at the lower end of the gear 5, and the second plate 1354 is located at the periphery of the gear 5. (Refer to the attached drawings.) Figures 4-8 , Figure 9 The first plate 1353 has a receiving groove below the through hole 1335. The receiving groove is recessed relative to the first plate 1353, allowing the elastic bag 132 to fill and enter the receiving groove. The portion of the elastic bag 132 located in the tooth groove 52 can abut against the groove wall of the tooth groove 52, and the portion of the elastic bag 132 located in the receiving groove can abut against a portion of the lower end face of the gear 5, thus better positioning the gear 5 and making the positioning more stable. Therefore, when the machining tool 31 processes the hole of the gear 5, the more stable positioning of the gear 5 will also improve the machining accuracy and yield. Refer to the attached drawing. Figures 4-8 , Figure 10-12 , Figure 16The gripper 11 has a slot, into which the first plate 1353 is inserted and slidably engaged. An elastic structure 1355, which is a spring or elastic rope, is provided between the first plate 1353 and the gripper 11. This allows the first plate 1353 to slide within the slot if it comes into contact with the gear 5 or other parts when the gripper 11 clamps the gear 5. The first plate 1353 slides until it is flush with the gripper 11, ensuring it does not interfere with the gripper 11's gripping of the gear 5. After the gripper 11 has finished clamping the gear 5, the first plate 1353 returns to its original position below the lower end face of the gear 5 under the action of the spring or elastic rope. This allows the elastic bladder 132 to partially abut against the lower end face of the gear 5 when it deforms downwards. An electromagnet structure 134 is also provided on the first plate 1353 to further enhance the magnetic field strength of the magnetorheological fluid, resulting in a higher degree of solidification.

[0079] In this embodiment 4, among some possible implementation schemes of the electromagnet structure 134, multiple electromagnet structures 134 are disposed inside the liquid storage tank 1331. The lower end face of the liquid storage tank 1331 is used to contact the end face of the gear 5 to position the gear 5. The multiple electromagnet structures 134 are wrapped with a protective film, and a hollow frame is also provided inside the liquid storage tank 1331. The hollow frame is fixed to the side inside the liquid storage tank 1331, and the multiple electromagnet structures 134 are disposed on the hollow frame.

[0080] Alternatively, in some other possible implementations of the electromagnet structure 134, a single electromagnet structure 134 may be provided, and when a single electromagnet structure 134 is provided, it is also located inside the liquid storage tank 1331. The electromagnet structure 134 consists of a helical coil and an iron core or iron tube.

[0081] Specifically, the liquid storage tank 1331 is fixed to the drive housing 121 of the drive component 12; a recessed groove 1336 is provided in the middle of the liquid storage tank 1331, and the position of the recessed groove 1336 coincides with the middle of the gear 5. The recessed groove 1336 is provided so that the machining tool 31 can enter the recessed groove 1336 when machining the hole of the gear 5, thus avoiding damage to the liquid storage tank 1331.

[0082] In summary, the movement and usage processes of the main structures of the gear processing and manufacturing apparatus disclosed in the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0083] I. Movement process of shifting component 2

[0084] The shifting component 2 drives the clamping component 1 to move laterally and longitudinally, so as to accurately transfer the gear 5 to be processed from the initial loading position to the designated processing position in the processing component 3.

[0085] II. Clamping process of clamping component 1

[0086] The clamping assembly 1 drives multiple grippers 11 to move via a pneumatic or hydraulic drive 12, clamping the gear 5 to be processed. The grippers 11 contact the tooth tip 51 of the gear 5, and at the same time, the abutment 13 provided on the grippers 11 undergoes elastic deformation or structural change, forming surface contact with the inner wall of the tooth groove 52, achieving stable and non-destructive clamping.

[0087] Specific clamping methods include:

[0088] Example 2: The rubber material abutment 13 undergoes elastic deformation, embeds into the toothed groove 52, and abuts against the groove wall;

[0089] Example 3: The liquid injection component injects liquid into the cavity of the elastic tube 131, making it rigid and fitting into the groove 52;

[0090] Example 4: Magnetorheological fluid is injected into the elastic bag 132 and fills the tooth groove 52. Then, an electromagnet is energized to form a magnetic field, which solidifies the magnetorheological fluid, thereby achieving rigid and adaptive clamping.

[0091] III. Movement Process of Rotating Component 4

[0092] The rotating assembly 4 is mounted on the mounting bracket 21 of the shifting assembly 2, driving the two clamping assemblies 1 to rotate around a rotation axis inclined at 45°. When a gear 5 is finished, the rotating assembly 4 moves, causing the two clamping assemblies 1 to interchange positions: the finished gear 5 is rotated out of the machining area, while the gear 5 to be machined is rotated into the machining position. During the rotation process, centrifugal force can also be used to help remove waste chips from the hole.

[0093] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A gear processing and manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that, include: Clamping assembly for directly or indirectly clamping gears; A shifting component is used to drive the clamping component to move horizontally and vertically; A machining assembly having a high-speed rotating machining tool for machining a central hole in the gear; The clamping assembly comprises two clamping components, and the gear axes on the two clamping components are perpendicular to each other; the shifting assembly is connected to the two clamping components through a rotating assembly; the rotating assembly drives the two clamping components to rotate around a rotation axis; the rotation axis has a 45° angle with the machining gear axis on the clamping assembly; The machining tool is placed horizontally, with the gear axis on one of the clamping components facing downwards and the gear axis on the other clamping component placed horizontally; The clamping assembly includes: multiple jaws, a driving member for simultaneously clamping the multiple jaws, and multiple abutment members disposed on the jaws; The gripper abuts against the tooth tip of the gear, and the abutting member abuts against the tooth groove of the gear; The abutment on the gripper will undergo elastic deformation and embed itself into part of the tooth groove, abutting against part of the groove wall, thereby achieving abutment between the abutment and the tooth groove.

2. The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing assembly further includes: a receiving box and a blower; the blower is used to blow air outwards, and the direction in which the air is blown outwards by the blower intersects with the gear with its axis pointing downwards; the receiving box is located below the gear.

3. The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutment includes: a plurality of elastic tubes and a liquid injection device connected to the elastic tubes; The elastic tube has an elastic chamber, and the liquid injection device injects liquid into the elastic chamber; The elastic tube abuts against the toothed groove.

4. The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The injection unit includes an injection pump, an injection manifold, and multiple injection branch pipes connected to the injection manifold; The injection branch pipe is connected to the elastic chamber, and the injection main pipe is connected to the injection pump.

5. The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutting component includes: an elastic bladder, a magnetorheological fluid injection structure, and an electromagnet structure; The elastic bladder is fixed to the gripper or the drive component; The magnetorheological fluid injection structure injects magnetorheological fluid into the elastic bladder and causes the elastic bladder to expand to fill the tooth grooves of the gear; The electromagnet structure is disposed above or below the elastic bladder, and the electromagnet structure is used to generate a magnetic field to solidify the magnetorheological fluid.

6. The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnetorheological fluid injection structure includes: a reservoir, a piston component disposed in the reservoir, and a power component for moving the piston component. The liquid storage tank is provided with a through hole; the elastic bladder is covered by the through hole.

7. The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The abutment further includes a limiting structure that limits the elastic bladder in the direction of its downward expansion.

8. The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: Multiple perforations are provided, and the number of elastic pouches is the same as the number of perforations.

9. The gear processing and manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank is fixed to the drive component; a recessed groove is provided in the middle of the liquid storage tank, and the position of the recessed groove coincides with the middle of the gear.

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