A large lead screw nut hard turning processing device and a processing method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of turning machining, and discloses a hard turning machining device and machining method for a large-lead ball screw nut, which comprises a lathe body, the lathe body comprises a three-jaw chuck and a tool box, one side of the lathe body is provided with an automatic feeding assembly for automatically feeding the large-lead ball screw nut to be turned into the three-jaw chuck, and the other side of the lathe body is provided with an avoiding type material collecting assembly for collecting the large-lead ball screw nut after turning and automatically avoiding the large-lead ball screw nut during turning. The automatic feeding, rotating discharging assembly, avoiding type material collecting assembly and rear ejection assembly are cooperatively used to complete the automatic and accurate positioning of the large-lead ball screw nut, the feeding and discharging operation is completed, the machining efficiency is effectively improved, the automatic feeding assembly and the avoiding type material collecting assembly can avoid the tool box and the tool, and the multiple assemblies are externally installed on the existing lathe in a way, so that the lathe is low in reform cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turning technology, specifically to a hard turning equipment and method for large lead screw nuts. Background Technology

[0002] Large lead ball screw nuts (lead ≥ 9°, helix angle ≥ 17°) are core transmission components of high-speed automated equipment. Their inner raceways are machined by turning on a lathe.

[0003] When performing hard turning of the internal raceway, the operator needs to clamp the large lead ball screw nut to be turned into a three-jaw chuck, and then perform the turning process. After the machining is completed, the operator removes the nut. However, the following issues still exist during this process:

[0004] 1. Because this process relies heavily on technical personnel for material handling, the processing efficiency is relatively low;

[0005] 2. After installing the large lead ball screw nut into the three-jaw chuck, the feed box and the initial cutting position of the tool need to be repositioned, which is inefficient and requires the experience of technicians for precise clamping and positioning.

[0006] 3. Modifying the lathe itself would undoubtedly increase costs. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of using externally mounted automated loading and unloading components, as well as ensuring that the external components do not affect the lathe's toolbox and tool operation. These are all urgent problems that need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a machining equipment and method for hard turning large-lead ball screw nuts. The main solutions are to address the following issues: Firstly, the machining efficiency is low due to reliance on technicians for loading and unloading materials. Secondly, after installing the large-lead ball screw nut into the three-jaw chuck, the toolbox and initial cutting position of the tool need to be repositioned, further reducing efficiency and requiring precise clamping and positioning based on technician experience. Thirdly, modifying the lathe itself would undoubtedly increase costs. Therefore, it is crucial to solve the problem of using externally mounted automated loading and unloading components, and to ensure that these external components do not interfere with the lathe's toolbox and tool operation. These are all pressing challenges that need to be addressed.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A large-lead lead screw nut hard turning machine includes a lathe body, which includes a three-jaw chuck and a toolbox. One side of the lathe body is equipped with an automatic feeding component that automatically feeds the large-lead lead screw nut to be turned into the three-jaw chuck. The other side of the lathe body is equipped with a clearance-type receiving component that collects the large-lead lead screw nut after turning and automatically avoids positioning during turning. On one side of the lathe body, located between the three-jaw chuck and the clearance-type receiving component, is a rotary unloading component that moves the machined large-lead lead screw nut from the three-jaw chuck into the clearance-type receiving component. The rear side of the lathe body is equipped with a rear ejector component that adjusts the position of the large-lead lead screw nut clamped in the three-jaw chuck. The rear ejector component, in conjunction with the automatic feeding component and the rotary unloading component, achieves precise positioning and adjustment of the large-lead lead screw nut. The top of the lathe body is equipped with an auxiliary clamping component that switches the clamping operation of the three-jaw chuck from manual to automatic.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the rear ejector assembly includes a rear ejector bracket fixedly connected to one side of the lathe body. An inner bracket and an upper bracket are fixedly connected to the inside and top of the rear ejector bracket, respectively. A rear ejector bar is slidably mounted on one side of the inner bracket via a guide tube. A rear ejector fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the rear ejector bar. A rear ejector locking hole is opened at the top of the rear ejector fixing ring. A rear ejector electromagnetic lock that mates with the rear ejector locking hole is fixedly connected to one side of the upper bracket. An electric push rod is fixedly connected to one side of the rear ejector bracket. One end of the electric push rod passes through the rear ejector bracket and is fixed to the rear ejector bar. Three sets of rear ejector slot type photoelectric switches are fixedly connected inside the rear ejector bracket. A rear ejector sensing frame that mates with the rear ejector slot type photoelectric switches is fixedly connected to one side of the rear ejector fixing ring.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the automatic feeding assembly includes a feeding bracket fixedly connected to one side of the lathe body. A feeding mounting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding bracket. Two feeding guide plates are fixedly connected to the top inclined surface of the feeding mounting frame, forming a chamber between the two feeding guide plates for positioning a large-lead lead screw nut. A clearance opening for avoiding the large-lead lead screw nut is provided on one side of the feeding mounting frame. A feeding baffle for blocking the large-lead lead screw nut is provided at the top of the feeding mounting frame and at the bottom of the two feeding guide plates. Two feeding guide rails are fixedly connected to the top of the feeding bracket. A feeding slide is slidably connected between the two feeding guide rails via a slide table to support the large-lead lead screw nut blocked by the feeding baffle. A feeding mechanism for driving the feeding slide to move along the feeding guide rails is provided at the top of the feeding bracket. The cylinder has a feeding support fixedly connected to the end of the feeding slide. The feeding support has three sets of guide grooves inside. An extension plate that supports the large lead screw nut is slidably connected between the three sets of guide grooves. A push-reset spring is fixedly connected between the extension plate and two of the guide grooves. An upper blocking block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension plate. A lower blocking block that limits the upper blocking block is fixedly connected inside one of the guide grooves. A pushing mechanism that pushes the extension plate and the large lead screw nut is provided on one side of the feeding slide. A feeding sensor frame is fixedly connected to one side of the feeding slide. Two feeding slot photoelectric switches that cooperate with the feeding sensor frame are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the feeding support. The two feeding slot photoelectric switches correspond to the dropping position and the pushing position of the large lead screw nut in the extension plate, respectively.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the pushing mechanism includes a pushing mounting frame fixedly connected to one side of the feeding slide, a pushing cylinder fixedly connected to one side of the pushing mounting frame, one end of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder passing through the pushing mounting frame and fixedly connected to a pushing column, a plurality of equally spaced keyways being opened on the outer circumference of the pushing column, an extension pushing ring being slidably connected between the plurality of keyways, and a pushing ring spring being fixedly connected between the extension pushing ring and the pushing column.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the obstacle avoidance take-up assembly includes an obstacle avoidance take-up bracket fixedly connected to one side of the lathe body. Multiple obstacle avoidance guide rods are fixedly connected to one side of the obstacle avoidance take-up bracket. An obstacle avoidance carriage is slidably connected between the multiple obstacle avoidance guide rods. Multiple obstacle avoidance return springs are provided between the obstacle avoidance carriage and the obstacle avoidance take-up bracket, and the obstacle avoidance return springs are sleeved on the outside of the obstacle avoidance guide rods. A shock absorber for buffering the obstacle avoidance carriage is fixedly connected between the top ends of two of the obstacle avoidance guide rods. A discharge mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the obstacle avoidance carriage, and a discharge mounting bracket is fixedly connected at the top inclined surface of the discharge mounting bracket. There are two opposing feed guides, forming a chamber between them to position the large lead screw nut. The top of the avoidance type receiving bracket has a slightly inclined placement groove, and the inside of the placement groove has a receiving box for collecting the large lead screw nut after machining. The bottom of the feed guide is provided with a docking mechanism that blocks the large lead screw nut after machining and completes the docking between the feed guide and the receiving box when the avoidance carriage is in place. A vertically set avoidance baffle is fixedly connected to the top inclined surface of the feed mounting bracket, and the avoidance baffle cooperates with the rotating feed assembly.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the docking mechanism includes a rotating stop frame rotatably connected inside the avoidance slide and located near the bottom of the unloading guide plate. Both ends of the rotating stop frame are fixedly connected to the avoidance slide with torsion springs, and the torsion of the torsion springs is much greater than the weight of the large lead screw nut. The top inner wall of the avoidance slide is provided with a clearance cavity for avoiding the rotating stop frame. The top of the avoidance receiving bracket is fixedly connected with a pressing frame that presses and drives the rotating stop frame to flip.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a flip-type baffle is rotatably connected between the two feeding guide plates and near the top of the feeding guide plates. Both ends of the flip-type baffle are fixedly connected to traction arms. One side of each of the two feeding guide plates is fixedly connected to a tension spring fixing post. A reset tension spring is fixedly connected between the tension spring fixing post and the two ends of the traction arm. The flip-type baffle is perpendicular to the feeding guide plates. One side of the feeding mounting frame is fixedly connected to a side bracket. One end of the side bracket is fixedly connected to an air jet gun head for blowing away waste chips from the large lead screw nut after the cutting process is completed.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the rotary unloading assembly includes a rotary unloading bracket fixedly connected to one side of the lathe body. A rotary shaft is rotatably connected inside the rotary unloading bracket via bearings. A rotary frame is fixedly connected to the end of the rotary shaft. A rotary unloading support is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotary frame. An extended baffle is integrally formed at the end of the rotary unloading support. A fixed side baffle is integrally formed on one side of the rotary unloading support. A servo motor is fixedly connected to one side of the rotary frame. One end of the servo motor's output shaft is fixedly connected to the rotary side baffle, and the rotary side baffle is in contact with the other side of the rotary unloading support. A chamber is formed between the rotating side baffle, the rotating unloading support, and the fixed side baffle to position and support the large lead screw nut after machining. The rotating unloading support is equipped with a rotating unloading motor that drives the rotating shaft to rotate around its axis. A rotating positioning ring is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the rotating shaft. Two unloading lock holes are opened on the outer circumference of the rotating positioning ring, and the two unloading lock holes correspond to the unloading position of the three-jaw chuck and the avoidance position of the avoidance type receiving component, respectively. An unloading electromagnetic lock that cooperates with the two unloading lock holes is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating unloading support.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary clamping assembly includes an auxiliary clamping bracket fixedly connected to the top of the lathe body. A lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the auxiliary clamping bracket. One end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder passes through the auxiliary clamping bracket and is fixedly connected to the lifting bracket. A guide rod that is slidably connected to the auxiliary clamping bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting bracket. A clamping motor is fixedly connected inside the lifting bracket. One end of the output shaft of the clamping motor passes through the lifting bracket and is fixedly connected to a hexagonal torsion head through a torque limiter.

[0018] A method for hard turning a large lead screw nut includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: First, place the large lead ball screw nuts to be machined in the automatic feeding assembly in sequence. Then, the automatic feeding assembly will extend and retract to feed them one by one into the three-jaw chuck.

[0020] S2: Then, the large lead ball screw nut located in the three-jaw chuck is blocked and limited by the rear ejector assembly, so that the installation position of the large lead ball screw nut is unified. Then, the automatic locking operation of the large lead ball screw nut by the three-jaw chuck is completed by the auxiliary clamping assembly.

[0021] S3: After locking is completed, the automatic feeding component moves in the opposite direction to reset. At this time, the automatic feeding component can avoid the tool box and the tool.

[0022] S4: After cutting is completed, the clamping state of the large lead ball screw nut on the three-jaw chuck is first released by the auxiliary clamping assembly. Then the rotating unloading assembly is rotated to the position that coincides with the center line of the three-jaw chuck. At this time, the large lead ball screw nut located in the three-jaw chuck is ejected by the rear ejector assembly until the large lead ball screw nut falls completely into the rotating unloading assembly.

[0023] S5: At this time, the rotary unloading assembly reverses and resets. During the reverse resetting process, the large-lead ball screw nut after cutting falls into the avoidance-type take-up assembly. The rotary unloading assembly squeezes the avoidance-type take-up assembly and causes the avoidance-type take-up assembly to perform an avoidance action. This allows the avoidance-type take-up assembly to effectively avoid the feed box and the tool during the cutting process of the large-lead ball screw nut.

[0024] S6: By repeating this cycle, the automated feeding, cutting, and unloading of large lead ball screw nuts can be achieved. Moreover, multiple components can be externally installed on existing lathes, making it highly adaptable. This not only effectively solves the problem of low processing efficiency but also reduces lathe modification costs.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a machining equipment and method for hard turning large lead screw nuts, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This invention achieves automated loading and unloading of large lead ball screw nuts through the combined use of automated feeding, rotary unloading components and obstacle avoidance receiving components, effectively improving the cutting efficiency of large lead ball screw nuts, and all of them can be externally installed on existing lathes, resulting in low lathe modification costs.

[0027] 2. The present invention uses the rear ejector assembly to block and limit the large lead ball screw nut located in the three-jaw chuck, so that the installation position of the large lead ball screw nut is unified. After locking, the automatic feeding assembly moves in the opposite direction to reset. At this time, the automatic feeding assembly can avoid the tool box and the tool.

[0028] 3. This invention completes the automatic locking operation of the large lead ball screw nut by a three-jaw chuck through an auxiliary clamping component.

[0029] 4. After the large-lead ball screw nut is cut, it falls into the avoidance-type receiving component through the rotating unloading component. The rotating unloading component squeezes the avoidance-type receiving component and causes the avoidance-type receiving component to perform an avoidance action. Thus, during the cutting process of the large-lead ball screw nut, the avoidance-type receiving component can effectively avoid the feed box and the tool.

[0030] 5. By setting up a pusher mechanism and an extension plate, the present invention provides effective support for the large lead ball screw nut when it is pushed into the three-jaw chuck through the extension plate and pusher column, thus preventing the large lead ball screw nut from falling off.

[0031] 6. By setting induction frames and slotted photoelectric switches in different components, the positional accuracy of each component is effectively guaranteed during implementation.

[0032] 7. The present invention uses a docking mechanism to block the large lead ball screw nut after the cutting process and to complete the docking of the unloading guide plate and the receiving box when the slide is in place. This not only completes the unloading and collection of the large lead ball screw nut, but also enables the avoidance type receiving component to effectively avoid the lathe tool holder.

[0033] 8. In the process of rotating the feeding assembly to flip the large lead ball screw nut for feeding, the gas sprayed from the air gun head blows the residual debris cut inside the large lead ball screw nut into the collection hopper inside the lathe. The air gun head can also perform a avoidance action with the avoidance type receiving assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of a large lead screw nut hard turning machine proposed in this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear three-dimensional structure of a large lead screw nut hard turning machine proposed in this invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary clamping assembly structure of a large lead screw nut hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic feeding component structure of a large lead screw nut hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 4 A diagram illustrating the storage status;

[0039] Figure 6 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 4 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0040] Figure 7 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the localized explosion structure;

[0041] Figure 8 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the material pushing state;

[0042] Figure 9 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the localized explosion structure;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage state of the rotary blanking assembly of a large lead screw nut hard turning equipment proposed in this invention.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating blanking assembly structure of a large lead screw nut hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure;

[0046] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the avoidance state of the material receiving assembly of a large lead screw nut hard turning equipment proposed in this invention.

[0047] Figure 14 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 13 A magnified structural diagram of part A;

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the obstacle avoidance material receiving assembly structure of a large lead screw nut hard turning equipment proposed in this invention.

[0049] Figure 16 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the obstacle avoidance carriage and the unloading guide plate structure;

[0050] Figure 17 This invention proposes a hard turning equipment for large lead screw nuts. Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure;

[0051] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the rear ejector assembly structure of a large lead screw nut hard turning equipment proposed in this invention.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Lathe body; 2. Three-jaw chuck; 3. Auxiliary clamping assembly; 4. Rear ejector assembly; 5. Automatic feeding assembly; 6. Rotary unloading assembly; 7. Clearance-type receiving assembly; 301. Auxiliary clamping bracket; 302. Lifting cylinder; 303. Hexagonal toggle head; 304. Torque limiter; 305. Clamping motor; 306. Lifting bracket; 307. Guide rod; 401. Rear ejector bar; 402. Rear ejector bracket; 403. Inner bracket; 404. Upper bracket; 405. Rear ejector retaining ring; 406. Rear ejector... 407. Lock hole; 408. Electric push rod; 409. Rear ejector electromagnetic lock; 410. Rear ejector sensor frame; 501. Rear ejector slot photoelectric switch; 502. Feeding bracket; 503. Pushing column; 504. Feeding guide plate; 505. Feeding baffle; 506. Feeding slide; 507. Feeding support; 508. Alternating notch; 509. Feeding sensor frame; 510. Feeding guide rail; 511. Feeding slot photoelectric switch; 512. Feeding cylinder; 513. Feeding mounting bracket; 514. Extension push ring; 515. Push ring spring; 516. Pusher mounting bracket; 517. Pusher cylinder; 518. Extension support plate; 519. Pusher return spring; 520. Lower blocking block; 521. Guide groove; 522. Upper blocking block; 523. Keyway; 601. Rotary unloading bracket; 602. Rotary positioning ring; 603. Rotary shaft; 604. Rotary frame; 605. Rotary unloading support; 606. Extension baffle; 607. Fixed side baffle; 608. Unloading electromagnetic lock; 609. Unloading lock hole; 610. Rotary unloading motor; 611. Servo motor; 612. Rotary side baffle 701. Feeding guide plate; 702. Flip-type baffle plate; 703. Traction arm; 704. Return spring; 705. Spring fixing post; 706. Avoidance slide; 707. Avoidance baffle plate; 708. Side bracket; 709. Air jet nozzle; 710. Feeding mounting bracket; 711. Avoidance guide rod; 712. Avoidance return spring; 713. Avoidance type receiving bracket; 714. Extrusion frame; 715. Receiving box; 716. Placement slot; 717. Rotating baffle; 718. Torsion spring; 719. Alternating cavity; 720. Shock absorber. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0054] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0056] Please see Figures 1-18 As shown, a large-lead lead screw nut hard turning machining equipment includes a lathe body 1, which includes a three-jaw chuck 2 and a toolbox for controlling the feed motion of the cutting tool. On one side of the lathe body 1 is an automatic feeding component 5 that automatically feeds the large-lead lead screw nut to be turned into the three-jaw chuck 2. On the other side of the lathe body 1 is a clearance-type material collection component 7 that collects the large-lead lead screw nut after turning and automatically avoids obstacles during the turning of the large-lead lead screw nut. The lathe body 1 is located on one side of the three-jaw chuck 2 and the clearance-type material collection component. Between the components 7, there is a rotary unloading component 6 that moves the large lead screw nut after cutting from the three-jaw chuck 2 to the clearance-type take-up component 7. The rear side of the lathe body 1 is provided with a rear ejector component 4 that adjusts the position of the large lead screw nut clamped in the three-jaw chuck 2. The rear ejector component 4, together with the automatic loading component 5 and the rotary unloading component 6, realizes the precise positioning and adjustment of the position of the large lead screw nut. The top of the lathe body 1 is provided with an auxiliary clamping component 3 that switches the clamping operation of the three-jaw chuck 2 from manual to automatic.

[0057] In this invention, the auxiliary clamping assembly 3 includes an auxiliary clamping bracket 301 fixed to the top of the lathe body 1 by bolts. A lifting cylinder 302 is fixed to the top of the auxiliary clamping bracket 301 by bolts. One end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 302 passes through the auxiliary clamping bracket 301 and is fixed to a lifting bracket 306 by bolts. A guide rod 307 that is slidably connected to the auxiliary clamping bracket 301 is fixed to the top of the lifting bracket 306 by bolts. A clamping motor 305 is fixed to the inside of the lifting bracket 306 by bolts. One end of the output shaft of the clamping motor 305 passes through the lifting bracket 306 and is fixedly connected to a hexagonal twist head 303 by a torque limiter 304.

[0058] Specifically, the three-jaw chuck 2 can stop at a specified angle position. Therefore, the three-jaw chuck 2 needs to stop at one of the hexagonal slots and the corresponding position of the hexagonal twist head 303. Then, by activating the lifting cylinder 302, the lifting cylinder 302 extends, which drives the lifting bracket 306 and the guide rod 307 to move downwards synchronously. At the same time, the clamping motor 305 also moves downwards until the hexagonal twist head 303 is inserted into one of the hexagonal slots on the outside of the three-jaw chuck 2. At this time, the clamping motor 305 needs to be activated. Therefore, the clamping or disassembling operation of the three-jaw chuck 2 can be completed by the forward or reverse rotation of the clamping motor 305.

[0059] The torque limiter 304 is model number TLC500. The torque limiter 304 can effectively protect the clamped motor 305 during the knob turning process.

[0060] Large lead ball screw nuts (lead ≥ 9°, helix angle ≥ 17°) are core transmission components of high-speed automated equipment. Their inner raceways are machined by turning on a lathe.

[0061] When performing hard turning of the internal raceway, the operator needs to clamp the large lead ball screw nut to be turned into the three-jaw chuck 2, and then perform the turning process. After the machining is completed, the operator removes the nut. The following problems still exist in this process:

[0062] 1. Because this process relies heavily on technical personnel for material handling, the processing efficiency is relatively low;

[0063] 2. After installing the large lead ball screw nut into the three-jaw chuck 2, the feed box and the initial cutting position of the tool need to be repositioned, so the efficiency is not high, and it also requires the experience of technicians to perform precise clamping and positioning.

[0064] Therefore, the automated loading and unloading of large-lead ball screw nuts is completed by the automated feeding 5, the rotary unloading component 6, and the obstacle avoidance receiving component 7, which effectively improves the cutting efficiency of large-lead ball screw nuts.

[0065] First, the large lead ball screw nuts to be machined are arranged in sequence in the automatic feeding assembly 5. Then, the automatic feeding assembly 5 feeds them one by one into the three-jaw chuck 2 in a telescopic manner.

[0066] Then, the rear ejector assembly 4 blocks and limits the large lead ball screw nut located in the three-jaw chuck 2, so that the installation position of the large lead ball screw nut is unified. Then, the auxiliary clamping assembly 3 completes the automatic locking operation of the three-jaw chuck 2 on the large lead ball screw nut.

[0067] After locking is completed, the automatic feeding component 5 moves in the opposite direction to reset. At this time, the automatic feeding component 5 can avoid the tool box and the tool.

[0068] After cutting is completed, the clamping state of the large lead ball screw nut on the three-jaw chuck is first released by the auxiliary clamping component 3. Then, the rotating unloading component 6 is rotated to the position that coincides with the center line of the three-jaw chuck 2. At this time, the large lead ball screw nut located in the three-jaw chuck 2 is ejected by the rear ejector component 4 until the large lead ball screw nut falls completely into the rotating unloading component 6.

[0069] At this time, the rotating feeding assembly 6 reverses and resets. During the reverse resetting process, the large lead ball screw nut after cutting falls into the avoidance type receiving assembly 7. The rotating feeding assembly 6 squeezes the avoidance type receiving assembly 7 and causes the avoidance type receiving assembly 7 to perform an avoidance action. Thus, during the cutting process of the large lead ball screw nut, the avoidance type receiving assembly 7 can effectively avoid the feed box and the tool.

[0070] Furthermore, the aforementioned components work closely together, and all of them can be externally installed on existing lathes, making them highly adaptable. This not only effectively solves the problem of low processing efficiency but also reduces the cost of lathe modification.

[0071] In this invention, the rear ejector assembly 4 includes a rear ejector bracket 402 bolted to one side of the lathe body 1. An inner bracket 403 and an upper bracket 404 are bolted to the inside and top of the rear ejector bracket 402, respectively. A rear ejector bar 401 is slidably mounted on one side of the inner bracket 403 via a guide tube. A rear ejector fixing ring 405 is bolted to the outer circumference of the rear ejector bar 401. A rear ejector locking hole 406 is provided at the top of the rear ejector fixing ring 405. One side of the upper bracket 404 is... A rear material electromagnetic lock 408 that mates with the rear material locking hole 406 is bolted to a rear material support bracket 402. An electric push rod 407 is bolted to one side of the rear material support bracket 402. One end of the electric push rod 407 passes through the rear material support bracket 402 and is fixed to the rear material rod 401. Three sets of rear material slot photoelectric switches 410 are bolted to the inside of the rear material support bracket 402. A rear material sensing frame 409 that mates with the rear material slot photoelectric switch 410 is bolted to one side of the rear material fixing ring 405.

[0072] Specifically, by activating the electric push rod 407, the extension and retraction of the electric push rod 407 can drive the rear ejector bar 401 to move back and forth. The position of the rear ejector bar 401 can be determined by the rear ejector sensing frame 409 and the rear ejector trough photoelectric switch 410.

[0073] There are three rear-top material trough type photoelectric switches 410. The positions of the three rear-top material trough type photoelectric switches 410 correspond to the material avoidance position, the blocking position, and the pushing and unloading position of the large-lead ball screw nut of the rear-top material bar 401.

[0074] When the ball screw nut with large lead is in the blocking position, the rear ejector electromagnetic lock 408 can cooperate with the rear ejector lock hole 406 to lock and fix the rear ejector bar 401 located in this position.

[0075] It should be noted that the electric actuator 407 can be used with a magnetic switch or a proximity switch to achieve precise control of the actuator's extension and retraction displacement. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0076] In this invention, the automatic feeding assembly 5 includes a feeding bracket 501 bolted to one side of the lathe body 1. A feeding mounting bracket 512 is bolted to the top of the feeding bracket 501. Two feeding guide plates 503 are bolted to the top inclined surface of the feeding mounting bracket 512, forming a chamber between the two feeding guide plates 503 for positioning the large-lead lead screw nut. A clearance opening 507 for avoiding the large-lead lead screw nut is provided on one side of the feeding mounting bracket 512. At the top of the feeding bracket 501 and at the bottom of the two feeding guide plates 503, there is a feeding baffle 504 to block the large-lead screw nut. Two feeding guide rails 509 are bolted to the top of the feeding bracket 501. A feeding slide 505, supporting the large-lead screw nut blocked by the feeding baffle 504, is slidably connected between the two feeding guide rails 509 via a slide table. A feeding cylinder 511 is located at the top of the feeding bracket 501 to drive the feeding slide 505 to move along the feeding guide rails 509. The end of the material slide 505 is fixedly connected to a feeding support 506. The feeding support 506 has three sets of guide grooves 520 inside. An extension support plate 517, which supports the large-lead screw nut, is slidably connected between the three sets of guide grooves 520. A push-back spring 518 is bolted between the extension support plate 517 and two of the guide grooves 520. An upper blocking block 521 is bolted to the bottom of the extension support plate 517. The upper blocking block 521 is bolted inside one of the guide grooves 520. The lower blocking block 519 is used for limiting the movement. A pushing mechanism is provided on one side of the feeding slide 505 to push the extension plate 517 and the large lead screw nut. A feeding sensor frame 508 is fixed to one side of the feeding slide 505 by bolts. Two feeding slot photoelectric switches 510 that cooperate with the feeding sensor frame 508 are fixed to the upper surface of the feeding bracket 501 by bolts. The two feeding slot photoelectric switches 510 correspond to the material dropping position and the material pushing position of the large lead screw nut in the extension plate 517, respectively.

[0077] Specifically, the large-lead ball screw nuts are placed sequentially in the cavity formed between the two feeding guide plates 503. The bottom large-lead ball screw nut falls into the extension tray 517 and is blocked by the feeding baffle 504. Then, during feeding, the feeding cylinder 511 is activated first. The extension of the feeding cylinder 511 drives the feeding slide 505 to move inward along the feeding guide rail 509. At this time, the large-lead ball screw nut located in the extension tray 517 is pushed out to the designated position, and the next large-lead ball screw nut is blocked by the feeding baffle 504 onto the feeding slide 505. This continues until the large-lead ball screw nut moves to coincide with the center line of the three-jaw chuck 2. Then, the large-lead ball screw nut is pushed into the three-jaw chuck 2 by the pushing mechanism.

[0078] However, since the feeding carriage 505 needs to move in the opposite direction to reset, the large lead ball screw nut needs to be completely disengaged from the extension plate 517. Since the extension plate 517 is far from the three-jaw chuck 2, the large lead ball screw nut is prone to falling off when it is pushed from the extension plate 517 into the three-jaw chuck 2.

[0079] In this invention, the pushing mechanism includes a pushing mounting frame 515 fixed to one side of the feeding slide 505 by bolts. A pushing cylinder 516 is fixed to one side of the pushing mounting frame 515 by bolts. One end of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder 516 passes through the pushing mounting frame 515 and is fixed to a pushing column 502 by bolts. Multiple keyways 522 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the pushing column 502. An extension pushing ring 513 is slidably connected between the multiple keyways 522. A pushing ring spring 514 is fixed between the extension pushing ring 513 and the pushing column 502 by bolts.

[0080] Specifically, by activating the pusher cylinder 516, the extension of the pusher cylinder 516 drives the pusher column 502 to push the large-lead ball screw nut inside the extension plate 517. Simultaneously, because the diameter of the extension push ring 513 is larger than the inner diameter of the extension plate 517 but smaller than its outer diameter, and the elastic force of the push ring spring 514 is much greater than the elastic force of the pusher return spring 518, the extension plate 517 is compressed by the push ring spring 514 until the upper blocking block 521 moves to the bottom guide. At the inner end of the slot 520, the extension plate 517 stops, the extension push ring 513 stops at the same time, the push return spring 518 and the push ring spring 514 are both shortened by force, while the large lead ball screw nut inside the extension plate 517 continues to be pushed by the push column 502. Due to the cooperation between the three-jaw chuck 2 and the moved extension plate 517, the large lead ball screw nut is effectively supported when pushed into the three-jaw chuck 2 by the extension plate 517 and the push column 502, thus preventing the large lead ball screw nut from falling off.

[0081] After the large lead ball screw nut is pushed into the three-jaw chuck 2 and clamped and fixed by the three-jaw chuck 2, the push cylinder 516 shortens and resets, and the extension plate 517 and the extension push ring 513 are respectively moved and reset by the push reset spring 518 and the push ring spring 514.

[0082] Then the feeding cylinder 511 shortens and resets until the feeding tray 506 and the extension tray 517 move to the bottom position of the feeding guide plate 503. Then the next large lead ball screw nut falls into the extension tray 517 to prepare for the next feeding.

[0083] Throughout the process, the two positions of the large-lead ball screw nut are determined by the combined use of the feeding sensor frame 508 and the two feeding slot photoelectric switches 510: one is the dropping position of the large-lead ball screw nut, and the other is the position where the large-lead ball screw nut is pushed into the three-jaw chuck 2.

[0084] In this invention, the obstacle avoidance take-up assembly 7 includes an obstacle avoidance take-up bracket 713 bolted to one side of the lathe body 1. Multiple obstacle avoidance guide rods 711 are bolted to one side of the obstacle avoidance take-up bracket 713. An obstacle avoidance carriage 706 is slidably connected between the multiple obstacle avoidance guide rods 711. Multiple obstacle avoidance return springs 712 are provided between the obstacle avoidance carriage 706 and the obstacle avoidance take-up bracket 713, and the obstacle avoidance return springs 712 are sleeved on the outside of the obstacle avoidance guide rods 711. A shock absorber 720 for buffering the obstacle avoidance carriage 706 is bolted between the top ends of two obstacle avoidance guide rods 711. A discharge mounting bracket 710 is bolted to the top of the obstacle avoidance carriage 706. A discharge mounting bracket 710 is located at the top inclined surface of the discharge mounting bracket 710. Two feed guide plates 701 are bolted together and arranged in opposite directions. A cavity for positioning the large lead screw nut is formed between the two feed guide plates 701. The top of the clearance-type receiving bracket 713 is provided with a slightly inclined placement groove 716. Inside the placement groove 716 is a receiving box 715 for collecting the large lead screw nut after machining. The bottom of the feed guide plate 701 is provided with a docking mechanism that blocks the large lead screw nut after machining and completes the docking of the feed guide plate 701 and the receiving box 715 when the clearance slide 706 is in place. A vertical clearance baffle 707 is bolted to the top inclined surface of the feed mounting bracket 710 and cooperates with the rotating feed assembly 6.

[0085] It should be noted that the shock absorber 720 includes components such as springs and liquid dampers. Its function is to convert kinetic energy into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby effectively suppressing mechanical vibration and absorbing impact energy.

[0086] The docking mechanism includes a rotating stop 717 rotatably connected inside the avoidance slide 706 and located near the bottom of the unloading guide plate 701. Both ends of the rotating stop 717 are fixed to the avoidance slide 706 with torsion springs 718 by bolts. The torsion of the torsion springs 718 is much greater than the weight of the large lead screw nut. The top inner wall of the avoidance slide 706 is provided with an avoidance cavity 719 to avoid the rotating stop 717. The top of the avoidance type receiving bracket 713 is fixed with a pressing frame 714 that presses and drives the rotating stop 717 to flip by bolts.

[0087] Specifically, the large lead ball screw nut after machining falls into the cavity formed between the two unloading guide plates 701 through the rotating unloading assembly 6, and is then blocked and limited by the rotating stop 717.

[0088] At this time, the rotating feeding assembly 6 continues to rotate and pushes the clearance slide 706 to the designated position. Then, the extrusion frame 714 extrudes the rotating stop 717 and causes the rotating stop 717 to flip into the clearance cavity 719. The flipped rotating stop 717 releases the obstruction of the large lead ball screw nut and can form a bridging state between the feeding guide plate 701 and the receiving box 715, so that the large lead ball screw nut falls into the receiving box 715 for collection along the flipped rotating stop 717.

[0089] This not only completes the unloading and collection of large-lead ball screw nuts, but also enables the avoidance-type material collection component 7 to effectively avoid the lathe tool holder.

[0090] In this invention, a flip-type baffle plate 702 is rotatably connected between the two feeding guide plates 701 and near the top of the feeding guide plates 701. Both ends of the flip-type baffle plate 702 are fixed with traction arms 703 by bolts. One side of each of the two feeding guide plates 701 is fixed with a tension spring fixing post 705 by bolts. A reset tension spring 704 is fixed between the tension spring fixing post 705 and both ends of the traction arm 703 by bolts.

[0091] Specifically, the flip-type baffle 702 and the unloading guide plate 701 are kept perpendicular by the combined action of the two reset springs 704. Therefore, the flip-type baffle 702 can block the large lead ball screw nut of the rotating unloading assembly 6. Moreover, the flip-type baffle 702 can be moved in both directions, so it will not block the rotating unloading assembly 6.

[0092] A side bracket 708 is bolted to one side of the unloading mounting frame 710, and an air gun head 709 for blowing away waste chips from the large lead screw nut after cutting is bolted to one end of the side bracket 708.

[0093] Specifically, during the process of rotating the feeding assembly 6 to flip and feed the large-lead ball screw nut, the gas ejected by the jet gun head 709 blows the residual debris from the cutting inside the large-lead ball screw nut into the collection hopper inside the lathe.

[0094] Furthermore, the jet nozzle 709 can also perform a avoidance action along with the avoidance receiving assembly 7.

[0095] In this invention, the rotary unloading assembly 6 includes a rotary unloading bracket 601 bolted to one side of the lathe body 1. A rotary shaft 603 is rotatably connected inside the rotary unloading bracket 601 via bearings. A rotary frame 604 is bolted to the end of the rotary shaft 603. A rotary unloading support 605 is bolted to the bottom end of the rotary frame 604. An extension baffle 606 is integrally formed at the end of the rotary unloading support 605. A fixed side baffle 607 is integrally formed on one side of the rotary frame 604. A servo motor 611 is bolted to one side of the rotary frame 604. A rotary side baffle 612 is bolted to one end of the output shaft of the servo motor 611, and the rotary side baffle 612 is connected to the other side of the rotary unloading support 605. The rotating side baffle 612, the rotating unloading support 605, and the fixed side baffle 607 form a cavity for positioning and supporting the large lead screw nut after machining. The rotating unloading support 601 is equipped with a rotating unloading motor 610 that drives the rotating shaft 603 to rotate around its axis. A rotating positioning ring 602 is fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 603 by bolts. Two unloading lock holes 609 are opened on the outer circumference of the rotating positioning ring 602, and the two unloading lock holes 609 correspond to the unloading position of the three-jaw chuck 2 and the avoidance position of the avoidance type receiving component 7, respectively. An unloading electromagnetic lock 608 that cooperates with the two unloading lock holes 609 is fixed to one side of the rotating unloading support 601 by bolts.

[0096] During unloading, the rotary unloading motor 610 is started, causing the rotary shaft 603 to drive the rotary frame 604 to rotate counterclockwise until the center line of the rotary unloading support 605 coincides with the center line of the three-jaw chuck 2. Then, the auxiliary clamping assembly 3 slightly loosens the large-lead ball screw nut in the three-jaw chuck 2. At this time, the rear ejector assembly 4 pushes the large-lead ball screw nut in the three-jaw chuck 2 completely into the rotary unloading support 605. Then, the rear ejector assembly 4 moves in the reverse direction to reset. Then, the servo motor 611 is started and drives the rotary side baffle 612 to rotate, thereby making the rotary side baffle... Plate 612 blocks and limits the large-lead ball screw nut located in the rotating unloading tray 605. Then the rotating unloading motor 610 rotates in the opposite direction. During this process, due to the extension baffle 606, the large-lead ball screw nut will not disengage from the rotating unloading tray 605 until the rotating frame 604 flips in the opposite direction to the vertical position. It continues to flip, and at this time, the large-lead ball screw nut rolls down along the extension baffle 606 into the avoidance type receiving assembly 7. Then it continues to flip, and at this time, the rotating unloading tray 605 squeezes the avoidance type receiving assembly 7 and makes the avoidance type receiving assembly 7 complete the avoidance action.

[0097] During this process, the position of the rotating feeding tray 605 can be fixed by the cooperation of the feeding electromagnetic lock 608 and the two feeding lock holes 609, so that the rotating feeding tray 605 can stop at the feeding position of the three-jaw chuck 2 and the avoidance position of the avoidance type receiving component 7 respectively.

[0098] In this application, it should be noted that: the model number of the unloading electromagnetic lock 608 and the rear unloading electromagnetic lock 408 is LY-01; the model number of the rear unloading slot photoelectric switch 410 and the loading slot photoelectric switch 510 is EE-SX671.

[0099] The clamping motor 305 and the rotary unloading motor 610 are both servo motors equipped with encoders and reducers. The number of rotations and rotation angle of the motor output shaft are controllable and have high precision. Those skilled in the art can set them according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0100] In this application, the cylinder is a power actuator that converts the pressure energy of compressed air into mechanical energy. By controlling the gas in and out, it drives the piston to perform linear reciprocating motion. It can be used in conjunction with a magnetic switch, proximity switch or photoelectric switch to achieve precise control of the extension and retraction displacement of the cylinder piston rod. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0101] The machining method for hard turning a large lead screw nut according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0102] S1: First, place the large-lead ball screw nut in the cavity formed between the two feeding guide plates 503. The bottom large-lead ball screw nut falls into the extension plate 517 and is blocked by the feeding baffle 504. Then, when feeding, first start the feeding cylinder 511. The extension of the feeding cylinder 511 will drive the feeding slide 505 to move inward along the feeding guide rail 509. At this time, the large-lead ball screw nut in the extension plate 517 will be pushed out to the designated position, and the next large-lead ball screw nut will be blocked by the feeding baffle 504 onto the feeding slide 505 until the large-lead ball screw nut moves to coincide with the center line of the three-jaw chuck 2.

[0103] S2: Then, by activating the pusher cylinder 516, the extension of the pusher cylinder 516 drives the pusher column 502 to push the large-lead ball screw nut inside the extension plate 517. At the same time, since the diameter of the extension push ring 513 is larger than the inner diameter of the extension plate 517 but smaller than the outer diameter of the extension plate 517, and the elastic force of the push ring spring 514 is much greater than the elastic force of the push return spring 518, the extension plate 517 is compressed by the push ring spring 514 until the upper blocking block 521 moves to the bottom guide. At the inner end of the slot 520, the extension plate 517 stops, the extension push ring 513 stops at the same time, the push return spring 518 and the push ring spring 514 are both shortened by force, while the large lead ball screw nut inside the extension plate 517 continues to be pushed by the push column 502. Due to the cooperation between the three-jaw chuck 2 and the moved extension plate 517, the large lead ball screw nut is effectively supported when pushed into the three-jaw chuck 2 by the extension plate 517 and the push column 502, thus preventing the large lead ball screw nut from falling off.

[0104] S3: At the same time, the electric push rod 407 is activated. The extension of the electric push rod 407 can drive the rear ejector bar 401 to move forward. The movement position of the rear ejector bar 401 can be determined by the rear ejector sensor frame 409 and the rear ejector slot photoelectric switch 410. There are three rear ejector slot photoelectric switches 410. The positions of the three rear ejector slot photoelectric switches 410 correspond to the material avoidance position of the rear ejector bar 401 against the large lead ball screw nut, the blocking position of the large lead ball screw nut, and the pushing and unloading position of the large lead ball screw nut, respectively. When the large lead ball screw nut is in the blocking position, the rear ejector electromagnetic lock 408 can cooperate with the rear ejector lock hole 406 to lock and fix the rear ejector bar 401 in this position. Therefore, the position of the large lead ball screw nut pushed into the three-jaw chuck 2 is accurately positioned.

[0105] S4: After the large lead ball screw nut is pushed into the three-jaw chuck 2 and clamped and fixed by the three-jaw chuck 2, when the fixing is implemented, since the three-jaw chuck 2 can stop at a specified angle position, the three-jaw chuck 2 needs to stay at one of the hexagonal slots and the corresponding position of the hexagonal twist head 303. Then, by starting the lifting cylinder 302, the lifting cylinder 302 extends and drives the lifting bracket 306 and the guide rod 307 to move downward synchronously. At the same time, the clamping motor 305 also moves downward until the hexagonal twist head 303 is inserted into one of the hexagonal slots on the outside of the three-jaw chuck 2. At this time, the clamping motor 305 needs to be started. Therefore, the clamping operation of the three-jaw chuck 2 can be completed by the forward rotation of the clamping motor 305.

[0106] S5: Then the pusher cylinder 516 shortens and resets, and the extension plate 517 and the extension push ring 513 are respectively moved back and reset by the pusher reset spring 518 and the push ring spring 514. Then the loading cylinder 511 shortens and resets until the loading tray 506 and the extension plate 517 move to the bottom position of the loading guide plate 503. Then the next large lead ball screw nut falls into the extension plate 517 to prepare for the next loading. In the whole process, the two positions of the large lead ball screw nut are determined by the cooperation of the loading sensor frame 508 and the two loading slot photoelectric switches 510. At the same time, the electric push rod 407 shortens and drives the rear push bar 401 to move backward and reset, and disengages from the large lead ball screw nut clamped by the three-jaw chuck 2.

[0107] S6: After cutting, the rotary unloading motor 610 is started. The rotation of the rotary unloading motor 610 causes the rotary shaft 603 to drive the rotary frame 604 to rotate counterclockwise until the center line of the rotary unloading support 605 coincides with the center line of the three-jaw chuck 2. Then, the auxiliary clamping assembly 3 slightly loosens the large-lead ball screw nut of the three-jaw chuck 2. At this time, the rear ejector assembly 4 pushes the large-lead ball screw nut in the three-jaw chuck 2 completely into the rotary unloading support 605. Then, the rear ejector assembly 4 moves in the reverse direction to reset, and then the rudder... The machine 611 starts and drives the rotating side baffle 612 to rotate, thereby blocking and limiting the large lead ball screw nut located in the rotating unloading tray 605. Then the rotating unloading motor 610 rotates in the opposite direction. During this process, due to the extension baffle 606, the large lead ball screw nut will not fall off the rotating unloading tray 605 until the rotating frame 604 flips in the opposite direction to the vertical position and continues to flip. At this time, the large lead ball screw nut rolls down along the extension baffle 606 into the avoidance type receiving assembly 7.

[0108] S7: After machining, the large-lead ball screw nut falls into the cavity formed between the two unloading guide plates 701 through the rotating unloading assembly 6. At the same time, under the joint action of the two return springs 704, the flip-type baffle plate 702 is kept perpendicular to the unloading guide plate 701. Therefore, the flip-type baffle plate 702 can block the large-lead ball screw nut unloading by the rotating unloading assembly 6. Moreover, the flip-type baffle plate 702 can be moved in both directions, so it will not block the rotating unloading assembly 6.

[0109] S8: Then the large lead ball screw nut moves downward to the bottom end along the cavity formed between the two feeding guides 701 and is blocked and limited by the rotating baffle 717. At this time, the rotating feeding assembly 6 continues to rotate and pushes the clearance slide 706 to the designated position. Then the extrusion frame 714 extrudes the rotating baffle 717 and causes the rotating baffle 717 to flip into the clearance cavity 719. The flipped rotating baffle 717 releases the blocking state of the large lead ball screw nut and can form a bridging state between the feeding guide 701 and the receiving box 715, so that the large lead ball screw nut falls into the receiving box 715 for collection along the flipped rotating baffle 717.

[0110] S9: During the feeding process, as the large lead ball screw nut is flipped over by rotating the feeding component 6, the gas sprayed by the air jet head 709 blows the residual chips cut inside the large lead ball screw nut into the collection hopper inside the lathe. The air jet head 709 can also perform a avoidance action with the avoidance type receiving component 7.

[0111] S10: Repeating this process will enable automated feeding, cutting, and unloading of large-lead ball screw nuts, achieving a high degree of automation, close coordination, and low lathe modification costs.

[0112] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0113] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hard turning machine for large lead screw nuts, comprising a lathe body (1), wherein the lathe body (1) includes a three-jaw chuck (2) and a feed box, characterized in that, One side of the lathe body (1) is provided with an automatic feeding component (5) for automatically feeding the large-lead lead screw nut to be turned into the three-jaw chuck (2). The other side of the lathe body (1) is provided with a clearance-type material receiving component (7) for collecting the large-lead lead screw nut after turning and for automatically avoiding movement during the turning of the large-lead lead screw nut. On one side of the lathe body (1) and between the three-jaw chuck (2) and the clearance-type material receiving component (7), there is a component for removing the large-lead lead screw nut after cutting from the three-jaw chuck. (2) The rotary unloading assembly (6) is moved into the avoidance type receiving assembly (7). The rear side of the lathe body (1) is provided with a rear ejector assembly (4) for adjusting the position of the large lead screw nut clamped in the three-jaw chuck (2). The rear ejector assembly (4) cooperates with the automatic feeding assembly (5) and the rotary unloading assembly (6) to achieve precise positioning and adjustment of the position of the large lead screw nut. The top of the lathe body (1) is provided with an auxiliary clamping assembly (3) for switching the clamping operation of the three-jaw chuck (2) from manual to automatic. The avoidance-type take-up assembly (7) includes an avoidance-type take-up bracket (713) fixedly connected to one side of the lathe body (1). Multiple avoidance guide rods (711) are fixedly connected to one side of the avoidance-type take-up bracket (713). A avoidance slide (706) is slidably connected between the multiple avoidance guide rods (711). A discharge mounting bracket (710) is fixedly connected to the top of the avoidance slide (706). Two discharge guide plates (701) distributed in an opposing manner are fixedly connected to the top inclined surface of the discharge mounting bracket (710). A chamber for positioning the large-lead lead screw nut is formed between the two discharge guide plates (701). The avoidance-type take-up bracket (713)... 3) has a slightly inclined placement groove (716) at the top. The placement groove (716) has a collection box (715) inside to collect the large lead screw nut after cutting. The bottom of the unloading guide plate (701) has a docking mechanism to block the large lead screw nut after cutting and to complete the docking of the unloading guide plate (701) and the collection box (715) when the avoidance slide (706) is in place. The unloading mounting frame (710) has a vertically set avoidance baffle (707) fixedly connected at the top inclined position. The avoidance baffle (707) cooperates with the rotating unloading assembly (6) and can push the avoidance slide (706) to slide. The docking mechanism includes a rotating baffle (717) rotatably connected inside the avoidance slide (706) and located near the bottom of the unloading guide plate (701). The top inner wall of the avoidance slide (706) is provided with an avoidance cavity (719) to avoid the rotating baffle (717). The top of the avoidance receiving bracket (713) is fixedly connected to a pressing frame (714) that presses and drives the rotating baffle (717) to flip.

2. The large lead screw nut hard turning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear ejector assembly (4) includes a rear ejector bracket (402) fixedly connected to one side of the lathe body (1). An inner bracket (403) and an upper bracket (404) are fixedly connected to the inside and top of the rear ejector bracket (402), respectively. A rear ejector bar (401) is slidably installed on one side of the inner bracket (403) through a guide tube. A rear ejector fixing ring (405) is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the rear ejector bar (401). A rear ejector locking hole (406) is opened at the top of the rear ejector fixing ring (405). One side of the upper bracket (404) is fixedly connected to the rear ejector assembly (404). A rear material electromagnetic lock (408) that cooperates with the rear material locking hole (406) is connected. An electric push rod (407) is fixedly connected to one side of the rear material support (402). One end of the electric push rod (407) passes through the rear material support (402) and is fixed to the rear material rod (401). Three sets of rear material slot photoelectric switches (410) are fixedly connected inside the rear material support (402). A rear material sensing frame (409) that cooperates with the rear material slot photoelectric switch (410) is fixedly connected to one side of the rear material fixing ring (405).

3. The large lead screw nut hard turning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic feeding assembly (5) includes a feeding bracket (501) fixedly connected to one side of the lathe body (1). A feeding mounting bracket (512) is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding bracket (501). Two feeding guide plates (503) are fixedly connected to the top inclined surface of the feeding mounting bracket (512). Two feeding guide plates (503) are fixedly connected between the two feeding guide plates (503). A cavity for positioning the large lead screw nut is formed between the two feeding guide plates (503). A clearance opening (507) for avoiding the large lead screw nut is opened on one side of the feeding mounting bracket (512). The top of the feeding mounting bracket (512) and located at the two... At the bottom of the feeding guide plate (503), there is a feeding baffle (504) to block the large lead screw nut. The top of the feeding bracket (501) is fixedly connected to two feeding guide rails (509). The two feeding guide rails (509) are slidably connected by a sliding table to a feeding slide (505) to support the large lead screw nut blocked by the feeding baffle (504). The top of the feeding bracket (501) is provided with a feeding cylinder (511) to drive the feeding slide (505) to move along the feeding guide rails (509). The feeding slide (505) The end of 05) is fixedly connected to a feeding support (506). The feeding support (506) has three sets of guide grooves (520) inside. An extension plate (517) for supporting the large lead screw nut is slidably connected between the three sets of guide grooves (520). A pusher return spring (518) is fixedly connected between the extension plate (517) and two of the guide grooves (520). An upper blocking block (521) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension plate (517). An upper blocking block (521) is fixedly connected inside one of the guide grooves (520). The lower blocking block (519) is used for limiting the position. The feeding slide (505) is provided with a pushing mechanism on one side to push the extension plate (517) and the large lead screw nut. The feeding slide (505) is fixedly connected to a feeding sensor (508) on one side. The upper surface of the feeding bracket (501) is fixedly connected to two feeding slot photoelectric switches (510) that cooperate with the feeding sensor (508). The two feeding slot photoelectric switches (510) correspond to the dropping position and the pushing position of the large lead screw nut in the extension plate (517), respectively.

4. The large lead screw nut hard turning equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pushing mechanism includes a pushing mounting frame (515) fixedly connected to one side of the feeding slide (505). A pushing cylinder (516) is fixedly connected to one side of the pushing mounting frame (515). One end of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder (516) passes through the pushing mounting frame (515) and is fixedly connected to a pushing column (502). Multiple equally spaced keyways (522) are provided on the outer circumference of the pushing column (502). An extension pushing ring (513) is slidably connected between the multiple keyways (522). A pushing ring spring (514) is fixedly connected between the extension pushing ring (513) and the pushing column (502).

5. The large lead screw nut hard turning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple avoidance return springs (712) are provided between the avoidance carriage (706) and the avoidance type receiving bracket (713), and the avoidance return springs (712) are sleeved on the outside of the avoidance light rod (711). A shock absorber (720) for buffering the avoidance carriage (706) is fixedly connected between the top ends of two of the avoidance light rods (711).

6. The large lead screw nut hard turning equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two ends of the rotating stop (717) are fixedly connected to the clearance slide (706) by torsion springs (718), and the torsion of the torsion springs (718) is much greater than the weight of the large lead screw nut.

7. The large lead screw nut hard turning equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, A flip-type baffle plate (702) is rotatably connected between the two feeding guide plates (701) and near the top of the feeding guide plate (701). Both ends of the flip-type baffle plate (702) are fixedly connected to traction arms (703). One side of each of the two feeding guide plates (701) is fixedly connected to a tension spring fixing column (705). A reset tension spring (704) is fixedly connected between the tension spring fixing column (705) and the two ends of the traction arm (703). The flip-type baffle plate (702) is perpendicular to the feeding guide plate (701). One side of the feeding mounting bracket (710) is fixedly connected to a side bracket (708). One end of the side bracket (708) is fixedly connected to an air jet gun head (709) for blowing away waste chips from the large lead screw nut after the cutting process.

8. The large lead screw nut hard turning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary unloading assembly (6) includes a rotary unloading bracket (601) fixedly connected to one side of the lathe body (1). A rotary shaft (603) is rotatably connected inside the rotary unloading bracket (601) via bearings. A rotary frame (604) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotary shaft (603). A rotary unloading support (605) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotary frame (604). An extension baffle (606) is integrally formed at the end of the rotary unloading support (605). A fixed side baffle (607) is integrally formed on one side of the rotary frame (604). A servo motor (611) is fixedly connected to one side of the rotary frame (604). A rotary side baffle (612) is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft of the servo motor (611), and the rotary side baffle (612) is in contact with the other side of the rotary unloading support (605). The rotating side baffle (612), the rotating unloading support (605) and the fixed side baffle (607) form a chamber for positioning and supporting the large lead screw nut after the cutting process. The rotating unloading support (601) is equipped with a rotating unloading motor (610) that drives the rotating shaft (603) to rotate around its axis. A rotating positioning ring (602) is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the rotating shaft (603). Two unloading lock holes (609) are opened on the outer circumference of the rotating positioning ring (602). The two unloading lock holes (609) correspond to the unloading position of the three-jaw chuck (2) and the avoidance position of the avoidance type receiving component (7), respectively. A unloading electromagnetic lock (608) that cooperates with the two unloading lock holes (609) is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating unloading support (601).

9. The large lead screw nut hard turning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary clamping assembly (3) includes an auxiliary clamping bracket (301) fixedly connected to the top of the lathe body (1). A lifting cylinder (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the auxiliary clamping bracket (301). One end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (302) passes through the auxiliary clamping bracket (301) and is fixedly connected to a lifting bracket (306). A guide rod (307) that is slidably connected to the auxiliary clamping bracket (301) is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting bracket (306). A clamping motor (305) is fixedly connected inside the lifting bracket (306). One end of the output shaft of the clamping motor (305) passes through the lifting bracket (306) and is fixedly connected to a hexagonal twist head (303) through a torque limiter (304).

10. A method for hard turning a large lead screw nut, applicable to the hard turning equipment for a large lead screw nut as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: First, place the large lead ball screw nuts to be machined in the automatic feeding assembly (5) in sequence, and then the automatic feeding assembly (5) feeds them one by one into the three-jaw chuck (2) in a telescopic manner. S2: Then, the large lead ball screw nut located in the three-jaw chuck (2) is blocked and limited by the rear ejector assembly (4) so ​​that the installation position of the large lead ball screw nut is unified. Then, the automatic locking operation of the large lead ball screw nut by the three-jaw chuck (2) is completed by the auxiliary clamping assembly (3). S3: After locking is completed, the automatic feeding component (5) moves in the opposite direction to reset. At this time, the automatic feeding component (5) can avoid the tool box and the tool. S4: After the cutting is completed, the clamping state of the large lead ball screw nut of the three-jaw chuck (2) is first released by the auxiliary clamping assembly (3). Then the rotating unloading assembly (6) is rotated to the position where it coincides with the center line of the three-jaw chuck (2). At this time, the large lead ball screw nut located in the three-jaw chuck (2) is ejected by the rear ejector assembly (4) until the large lead ball screw nut falls completely into the rotating unloading assembly (6). S5: At this time, the rotating feeding assembly (6) reverses and resets. During the reverse resetting process, the large lead ball screw nut after cutting falls into the avoidance type receiving assembly (7). The rotating feeding assembly (6) squeezes the avoidance type receiving assembly (7) and makes the avoidance type receiving assembly (7) perform avoidance action, so that the avoidance type receiving assembly (7) can effectively avoid the feed box and the tool during the cutting process of the large lead ball screw nut. S6: By repeating this cycle, the automated feeding, cutting, and unloading of large lead ball screw nuts can be achieved. Moreover, multiple components can be externally installed on existing lathes, making it highly adaptable. This not only effectively solves the problem of low processing efficiency but also reduces lathe modification costs.

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