Preparation method of organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicines

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on Chinese herbal medicines, and relates to the technical field of organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizers. According to the technical scheme, the organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is characterized in that 50% of camellia oleifera residues, 25% of rapeseed cakes, 15% of local Chinese herbal medicine (the ratio of fresh abelmoschus esculentus, fresh fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae to seed shells of fructus amomi and the like is 5: 3: 2) and 8% of bran serve as matrixes, 1% of light calcium carbonate is added, then stepped fermentation is conducted, and 1% of complex microbial inoculants are added in the fermentation process according to needs; the step-type fermentation is divided into a high-temperature period, a cooling period and a stable period, the 0-7th day of fermentation is the high-temperature period, the temperature is kept at 60-65 DEG C, and pile turning is performed every day so as to activate thermophilic bacteria in the pile; the 8-14 days of fermentation is a cooling period, the temperature is kept at 45-50 DEG C, turning is conducted every two days, and the medium-temperature microbial inoculum is supplemented; and keeping the temperature at 35-40 DEG C in a stable period from the 15th day to the 30th day of fermentation, turning the pile every week, and inoculating functional bacteria. The fertilizer has the effects of improving soil and preventing diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer technology, and more specifically, to a method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of facility agriculture and precision fertilization technology, water-soluble fertilizers have become a research hotspot due to their high absorption efficiency and environmental friendliness. Long-term application of traditional chemical fertilizers easily leads to soil compaction, salinization, and environmental pollution, while conventional organic fertilizers suffer from slow nutrient release and low levels of active ingredients. Amino acid water-soluble fertilizers, as a novel functional fertilizer, can directly participate in plant metabolism by providing small-molecule organic nitrogen sources, possessing both growth-promoting and stress-resistance functions. However, their application still faces the following bottlenecks:

[0003] 1. The number of live bacteria decreases rapidly, resulting in a short shelf life;

[0004] 2. Poor nutrient synergy: Traditional formulas use simple physical mixing of macro-elements and micro-elements, which can easily lead to antagonism or precipitation, and lack a slow-release carrier, resulting in nutrient loss;

[0005] 3. Limited functionality: Most commercially available products focus on nutrient supply, neglecting the interaction mechanism between microorganisms, plants, and soil, and have limitations in comprehensive functions such as disease resistance, root promotion, and quality improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine, wherein the organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer uses 50% camellia oleifera residue, 25% rapeseed cake, 10% well-rotted cow manure, and 8% wheat bran as a substrate, 5% local traditional Chinese medicine (fresh ginseng from Wuzhishan, fresh Alpinia oxyphylla fruit, and Amomum villosum seed shell in a ratio of 5:3:2, where Wuzhishan ginseng polysaccharide can activate the phenylpropane metabolism pathway, Amomum villosum components promote flower bud differentiation, and Alpinia oxyphylla volatile oil inhibits pathogens), and 1% light calcium carbonate is added, followed by step fermentation, during which 1% compound microbial agent is added as needed;

[0008] The stepped fermentation process is divided into a high-temperature period, a cooling period, and a stabilization period, and its specific process is as follows:

[0009] High-temperature period: During the first 0-7 days of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 60-65℃ and turn the pile daily to activate the thermophilic bacteria.

[0010] Cooling period: During the 8th to 14th day of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 45-50℃, turn the pile every 2 days, and add mesophilic inoculants.

[0011] Stabilization period: During the 15th to 30th day of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 35-40℃, turn the pile over weekly, and inoculate with functional bacteria.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, camellia oleifera residue serves as the carbon source skeleton (cellulose / lignin) and is used as a high-temperature microbial culture medium; rapeseed cake serves as the nitrogen source core (amino acids / proteins) and is used as a mesophilic microbial activator; well-rotted cow dung serves as a carrier matrix (stabilizing the C / N ratio), which is conducive to the enrichment of indigenous microorganisms; compound microbial agents introduce functional strains; wheat bran serves as a nutrient medium for microbial propagation and promotes spore germination; and light calcium carbonate serves as a pH buffer (maintaining 6.5-7.8) to protect the activity of the microbial community.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the camellia oleifera residue and rapeseed cake need to be mixed and crushed into 3-8mm particles in the early stage.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the compound microbial agent includes microbial agents that function during the high-temperature period, the cooling period, and the stable period, and the specific combination thereof is as follows:

[0015] High-temperature period: Thermophilic Laterophytes (≥1×10⁻⁶) 7 CFU / g) + thermoresistant actinomycetes (≥5×10) 6 CFU / g);

[0016] Cooling period: Bacillus subtilis (≥2×10⁻⁶) 8 CFU / g) + Trichoderma (≥1×10) 7 CFU / g);

[0017] Stable phase: Bacillus jellyii (≥1×10⁻⁶) 7 CFU / g) + photosynthetic bacteria (≥5×10) 6 CFU / g).

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows:

[0019] During high-temperature periods, it is recommended to use 5-10 kg of microbial agent per ton of substrate;

[0020] During the cooling period, it is recommended to use 3-8 kg of microbial agent per ton of substrate;

[0021] During the stabilization period, it is recommended to use 2-5 kg ​​of microbial agent per ton of substrate.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that the microbial agent is activated at 35°C for 12 hours in a ratio of microbial agent: brown sugar: water = 1:0.5:20.

[0023] The present invention is further configured such that the organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer has a water content controlled between 55-60% and a C / N ratio of 28:1 during the preparation process.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that on the 10th day of fermentation, 0.5% humic acid of the total components needs to be added.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, humic acid can promote the proliferation of microbial communities.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that on the 20th day of fermentation, 0.1% of the total component trehalose is sprayed into it.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, trehalose can protect the survival rate of bacteria.

[0028] The present invention is further configured such that 1% of the total components of biochar needs to be added at the end of the fermentation process.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, biochar is used as a carrier for microbial communities.

[0030] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] Soil improvement: Continuous application for two seasons can increase the number of soil actinomycetes by 3-5 times.

[0032] Disease control: The inhibition rate against Fusarium is 65-80%.

[0033] Shelf life management: The number of live bacteria should decrease by ≤20% within 6 months under cool and dry conditions.

[0034] Technical advantages: By directionally controlling temperature, pH value and nutrient supply, efficient colonization of functional microbial communities can be achieved, combining nutrient supply and biological control functions. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0036] Example: A method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine. The organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer uses 50% camellia oleifera residue (the main component of which is tea saponin, a natural plant-derived organic drug component. Tea saponin can destroy the cell membrane structure by binding with cholesterol on the surface of pests, causing the cell contents to leak out and ultimately killing the pests), 25% rapeseed cake, 10% well-rotted cow manure, and 8% wheat bran as a matrix, 5% local traditional Chinese medicine (fresh ginseng from Wuzhishan, fresh Alpinia oxyphylla fruit, and Amomum villosum seed shells in a ratio of 5:3:2. Wuzhishan ginseng polysaccharide can activate the phenylpropane metabolism pathway, Amomum villosum components promote flower bud differentiation, and Alpinia oxyphylla volatile oil inhibits pathogens), and 1% light calcium carbonate is added. The camellia oleifera residue and rapeseed cake need to be mixed and crushed to 3-8mm particles in the early stage. Then, a step-by-step fermentation is carried out, during which 1% of compound microbial agent is added as needed; during the preparation process, the moisture content needs to be controlled between 55-60%, and the C / N ratio is 28:1.

[0037] The stepped fermentation process is divided into a high-temperature period, a cooling period, and a stabilization period, and its specific process is as follows:

[0038] High-temperature period: During the first 0-7 days of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 60-65℃ and turn the pile daily to activate the thermophilic bacteria.

[0039] Cooling period: During the 8th to 14th day of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 45-50℃, turn the pile every 2 days, and add mesophilic inoculants.

[0040] Stabilization period: During the 15th to 30th day of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 35-40℃, turn the pile over weekly, and inoculate with functional bacteria.

[0041] Camellia oleifera residue serves as the carbon source skeleton (cellulose / lignin) and is used as a high-temperature microbial culture medium; rapeseed cake serves as the nitrogen source core (amino acids / proteins) and is used as a mesophilic microbial activator; well-rotted cow dung serves as a carrier matrix (stabilizing the C / N ratio), which is conducive to the enrichment of indigenous microorganisms; compound microbial agents introduce functional strains; wheat bran serves as a nutrient medium for microbial propagation and promotes spore germination; and light calcium carbonate serves as a pH buffer (maintaining 6.5-7.8) to protect the activity of the microbial community.

[0042] The compound microbial agent includes agents that function during the high-temperature period, the cooling period, and the stable period, and their specific combinations are as follows:

[0043] High-temperature period: Thermophilic Laterophytes (≥1×10⁻⁶) 7 CFU / g) + thermoresistant actinomycetes (≥5×10) 6 (CFU / g); During high-temperature periods, it is recommended to use 5-10 kg of microbial agent per ton of substrate.

[0044] Cooling period: Bacillus subtilis (≥2×10⁻⁶) 8 CFU / g) + Trichoderma (≥1×10) 7 (CFU / g); During the cooling period, it is recommended to use 3-8 kg of microbial agent per ton of substrate.

[0045] Stable phase: Bacillus jellyii (≥1×10⁻⁶) 7 CFU / g) + photosynthetic bacteria (≥5×10) 6 (CFU / g); During the stabilization period, it is recommended to use 2-5 kg ​​of microbial agent per ton of substrate.

[0046] All microbial agents were activated at 35°C for 12 hours according to the ratio of microbial agent: brown sugar: water = 1:0.5:20.

[0047] On the 10th day of fermentation, 0.5% humic acid should be added to the total components. Humic acid can promote the proliferation of microorganisms.

[0048] On the 20th day of fermentation, 0.1% of the total components of trehalose should be sprayed onto the cells. Trehalose can protect the survival rate of the cells.

[0049] At the end of fermentation, 1% of the total components of biochar need to be added, and the biochar is used as a carrier for the microbial community.

[0050] To ensure the survival of the microbial community during preparation:

[0051] Temperature control: ≤70℃ during high-temperature periods (the microbial agent can tolerate 65℃).

[0052] Moisture content: 25-30% of the finished product (to prevent autolysis of the bacteria)

[0053] In later use, it can be used in combination with 0.5% chitosan to increase the activity of Trichoderma by 30%; or by adding 0.3% silicate minerals to effectively extend the survival period of Bacillus by 50%.

[0054] To avoid the presence of harmful bacteria in the finished product, the pH can be adjusted to 8.0-8.5 in the early stages of preparation, and 0.1% polyglutamic acid can be added to block pathogens.

[0055] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine, characterized by: The organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer uses 50% camellia oleifera residue, 25% rapeseed cake, 10% well-rotted cow manure, and 8% wheat bran as a substrate, and 5% local Chinese herbal medicines. The Chinese herbal medicines consist of fresh Wuzhishan ginseng, fresh Alpinia oxyphylla fruit, and Amomum villosum seed shells in a weight ratio of 5:3:2, with an additional 1% of light calcium carbonate added. Then, it undergoes a step-by-step fermentation process, during which a total of 1% of compound microbial agent is added as needed. The stepped fermentation process is divided into a high-temperature period, a cooling period, and a stabilization period, and its specific process is as follows: High-temperature period: During the first 0-7 days of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 60-65℃ and turn the pile daily to activate the thermophilic bacteria. Cooling period: During the 8th to 14th day of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 45-50℃, turn the pile every 2 days, and add mesophilic inoculants. Stabilization period: During the 15th to 30th day of fermentation, maintain the temperature at 35-40℃, turn the pile over weekly, and inoculate with functional bacteria.

2. The method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camellia oleifera residue and rapeseed cake need to be mixed and crushed into 3-8mm particles in the early stage.

3. The method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound microbial agent includes agents that function during the high-temperature period, the cooling period, and the stable period, and their specific combinations are as follows: High-temperature period: Thermophilic Laterophytes (≥1×10⁻⁶) 7 CFU / g) + thermoresistant actinomycetes (≥5×10) 6 CFU / g); Cooling period: Bacillus subtilis (≥2×10⁻⁶) 8 CFU / g) + Trichoderma (≥1×10) 7 CFU / g); Stable phase: Bacillus jellyii (≥1×10⁻⁶) 7 CFU / g) + photosynthetic bacteria (≥5×10) 6 CFU / g).

4. The method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 3, characterized in that: During high-temperature periods, it is recommended to use 5-10 kg of microbial agent per ton of substrate; During the cooling period, it is recommended to use 3-8 kg of microbial agent per ton of substrate; During the stabilization period, it is recommended to use 2-5 kg ​​of microbial agent per ton of substrate.

5. The method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microbial agent was activated at 35°C for 12 hours according to the ratio of microbial agent: brown sugar: water = 1:0.5:

20.

6. The method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer needs to have its water content controlled between 55-60% and its C / N ratio of 28:1 during the preparation process.

7. The method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the 10th day of fermentation, 0.5% humic acid of the total components needs to be added.

8. The method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the 20th day of fermentation, 0.1% of the total components of trehalose should be sprayed onto the mixture.

9. The method for preparing an organic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer based on traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the end of fermentation, 1% of the total components of biochar need to be added.