Humic acid water-soluble fertilizer as well as preparation method and preparation system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly discloses a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer as well as a preparation method and a preparation system thereof, and the humic acid water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.6-2.4% of potassium humate; 30.5% to 31.5% of potassium sulfate; 34%-35% of monoammonium phosphate; 0.8%-1.2% of a seaweed extract; 0.4% to 0.6% of yeast glycoside; the balance of urea; compared with the prior art, the fertilizer mainly comprises the potassium humate, the potassium sulfate, the monoammonium phosphate, the seaweed extract, the yeast glycoside and the urea, the components of the fertilizer are relatively simple, the preparation process of the fertilizer can be completed only by melting, mixing, cooling and crushing, the preparation process is simple, and the cost of the prepared product is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer technology, specifically to a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer and its preparation method and system. Background Art

[0002] As modern agriculture develops towards intensification and efficiency, water-soluble fertilizers have become mainstream due to their good solubility, high nutrient utilization rate, and suitability for drip irrigation. However, traditional water-soluble fertilizers generally suffer from a single function, providing only basic nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, lacking the synergistic effect of improving soil and enhancing crop resistance, thus failing to meet the demands of high-quality agriculture.

[0003] Humic acid is widely used in fertilizers due to its soil-improving and root-development-promoting effects. For example, CN120097776A discloses a coated slow-release solid water-soluble fertilizer comprising the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts nitrogen source, 8-12 parts phosphorus source, 15-25 parts potassium source, 3-8 parts humic acid, 10-15 parts biochar powder, 0.5-1.5 parts functional microorganisms, 1-2 parts microbial metabolites, 2-5 parts seaweed extract, and 5-8 parts chitosan-gelatin composite material; wherein the functional microorganisms are Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Nitrogenin spirochetes adsorbed on the biochar powder.

[0004] The aforementioned coated slow-release solid water-soluble fertilizer utilizes the organic combination of functional microorganisms, microbial metabolites, and seaweed extracts to broaden the sources of nutrient absorption for crops, thereby promoting crop growth and yield. However, the preparation of functional microorganisms and microbial metabolites, as well as their combination with various components of humic acid, makes the preparation process very complex and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer and its preparation method and system, so as to solve the problem that the existing water-soluble fertilizers have complex components and complicated preparation processes, resulting in high costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, comprising the following components by mass percentage:

[0007] Potassium humate 1.6%-2.4%;

[0008] Potassium sulfate 30.5%-31.5%;

[0009] Monoammonium phosphate 34%-35%;

[0010] Seaweed extract 0.8%-1.2%;

[0011] Yeast glycosides 0.4%-0.6%;

[0012] Urea balance.

[0013] The second aspect of this invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for preparing a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer as described in the first aspect of this invention, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Potassium humate, seaweed extract and yeast glycoside are mixed evenly to form the first mixture;

[0015] Urea is heated to completely melt it, and then monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are added and mixed evenly to form a second mixture;

[0016] The first mixture is added to the second mixture and mixed evenly, then cooled and crushed into shape.

[0017] Furthermore, the potassium humate is prepared by the following method:

[0018] The raw coal is subjected to crushing, extraction, separation, sedimentation, and drying in sequence; wherein, the drying specifically involves:

[0019] The resulting paste-like potassium humate was subjected to a daily average solar radiation intensity ≥650W / m². 2 Drying should be carried out in climates where the daily temperature difference ranges from 16±3℃ and the relative humidity is ≤30% for ≥80% of the days, and a concentrator should be used to adjust the drying temperature to 50℃-60℃.

[0020] This preparation process results in potassium humate with superior activity, mainly because more small molecule active substances such as carboxyl groups (-COOH), phenolic hydroxyl groups (-OH), and fulvic acid are retained. Furthermore, it was found that potassium humate prepared by this method, combined with seaweed extract and yeast glycosides, forms a triple-structure dual stress resistance barrier, further enhancing the crop's stress resistance.

[0021] The third aspect of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a preparation system for preparing a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer as described in the first aspect of the present invention, comprising a potassium humate preparation unit and a fertilizer preparation unit connected thereto, wherein the potassium humate preparation unit comprises a crushing section, a reaction section, a sedimentation section and a drying section connected in sequence, and the drying section is connected to the fertilizer preparation unit.

[0022] The drying section includes:

[0023] The drying mulch film is laid in the drying area of ​​a climate region where the average daily solar radiation intensity is ≥650W / m2, the daily temperature difference fluctuates within a range of 16±3℃, and the relative humidity of the air is ≤30% for ≥80% of the days, and is used to spread the paste-like potassium humate obtained within the settlement unit.

[0024] A concentrator, wherein there are multiple concentrators arranged circumferentially on the outside of the drying film, so as to keep the drying temperature of the drying area at 50℃-60℃.

[0025] Furthermore, the concentrator includes:

[0026] Support frame, the support frame having a first receiving cavity;

[0027] The mounting frame is rotatably connected to the support frame and has a reflective component with one side being a reflector rotatably connected inside it. The mounting frame has a first state in which it is housed in a first receiving cavity and a second state in which it is rotated out of the first receiving cavity for use.

[0028] A limiting component, which is connected between the mounting frame and the support frame and is used to support and / or limit the mounting frame when the mounting frame is in a first state or a second state.

[0029] Furthermore, the support frame has a guide hole communicating with the first receiving cavity along the horizontal direction, and the outer wall of the mounting frame has a guide groove along its length direction; the limiting component includes:

[0030] The positioning part is slidably attached to the outer wall of the mounting frame and partially slidably connected to the guide groove. The positioning part is equipped with a first locking structure and a downwardly oriented positioning notch is also formed on the positioning part.

[0031] A support rod is disposed in a first receiving cavity, one end of which is rotatably connected to a connecting part that is slidably connected to a guide hole, and the other end is used to be embedded in a positioning notch for support.

[0032] Furthermore, the positioning unit includes:

[0033] The positioning block is L-shaped and one of its L-shaped sides slides against the outer wall of the mounting frame. A connecting post that slides and is limited in the guide groove is connected to the positioning block. A first locking structure is fitted between the positioning block and the outer wall of the mounting frame.

[0034] An elastic limiting block is connected to another "L"-shaped side of the positioning block, and the positioning notch is formed between the elastic limiting block, the positioning block, and the outer wall of the mounting frame.

[0035] Furthermore, the mounting bracket is equipped with a driver that drives the reflective assembly to rotate, and the mounting bracket is also equipped with a photoelectric sensor connected to the driver. The photoelectric sensor is used to sense the light intensity to drive the reflective assembly to rotate through the driver.

[0036] Furthermore, the support frame is rotatably connected to a plurality of telescopic rods, and the support frame has a second receiving cavity; the plurality of telescopic rods have a supporting state in which they support the support frame after being extended, and a stored state in which they are stored in the second receiving cavity.

[0037] Furthermore, the drying mulch film includes a mulch film body and a coating layer disposed on one side of the mulch film body, wherein anatase TiO2 is distributed in the coating layer.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The humic acid water-soluble fertilizer in this invention is mainly composed of potassium humate, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, seaweed extract, yeast glycoside and urea. Its composition is relatively simple and its preparation process only requires melting, mixing, cooling and crushing. The preparation process is simple, which makes the product cost lower.

[0040] 2. The potassium humate in this invention has a macromolecular network structure and a large number of functional groups (-COOH, -OH), which can combine with active substances (such as alginic acid and polysaccharides) and yeast glycosides (such as oligosaccharides and polypeptides) in seaweed extracts through adsorption, hydrogen bonding or ionic bonding to form a more stable complex.

[0041] 3. The strong chelating ability of potassium humate in this invention locks in metal ions (Fe). 2+ Zn 2+ Ca 2+ Seaweed extracts contain alginic acid, mannitol, etc., which can help chelate trace elements; together, they broaden the chelation range (e.g., humic acid chelates iron / zinc, alginic acid chelates calcium / magnesium); thus forming "multi-ligand chelates", improving nutrient stability and mobility, making it easier for crops to absorb;

[0042] 4. The auxin-like effect of potassium humate in this invention synergistically promotes the activity of root tip meristem with the seaweed cytokinin in the seaweed extract.

[0043] 5. The oligosaccharides in the yeast glycosides of this invention are rich in a specific nutrient source for probiotics (such as Bacillus), which can promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms in the soil or plant rhizosphere (such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis); the seaweed extract contains seaweed betaine, an osmotic regulator that helps plant cells maintain water balance under drought, salinity, or disease stress, reducing stress damage; seaweed betaine, through osmotic regulation and oligosaccharide activation of disease-resistant genes, constructs a dual stress resistance barrier, further enhancing the crop's stress resistance;

[0044] 6. The preparation method of the humic acid water-soluble fertilizer in this invention is carried out in a low humidity environment to prevent monoammonium phosphate from undergoing side reactions when it comes into contact with water, thereby reducing product performance; and the step-by-step mixing avoids potassium humate, seaweed extract and yeast glycosides from being encapsulated by a large amount of salt and becoming ineffective. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the TiO2 photocatalysis principle in this invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a concentrator in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0048] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the elastic limiting block;

[0049] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of part B in the middle;

[0050] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the reflective components on the mounting bracket;

[0051] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the central support frame.

[0052] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: support frame 1, first receiving cavity 11, second receiving cavity 12, guide hole 13, mounting frame 2, guide groove 21, limiting assembly 3, positioning part 31, positioning block 311, elastic limiting block 312, first locking structure 313, support rod 32, connecting part 33, reflector assembly 4, reflector plate 41, driver 5, photoelectric sensor 6, and telescopic rod 7. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0054] This invention provides a system for preparing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, comprising a potassium humate preparation unit and a fertilizer preparation unit connected thereto. The potassium humate preparation unit includes a crushing section, a reaction section, a sedimentation section, and a drying section arranged sequentially. The drying section includes a drying mulch film and a solar concentrator. The drying mulch film is laid in a drying area with a daily average solar radiation intensity ≥650W / m², a daily temperature fluctuation range of 16±3℃, and a relative humidity ≤30% for ≥80% of the days, and is used to spread the paste-like potassium humate obtained in the sedimentation unit. Multiple solar concentrators are arranged circumferentially outside the drying mulch film to maintain a drying temperature of 50℃-60℃ in the drying area.

[0055] This potassium humate preparation unit mainly consists of a crushing section, a reaction section, a settling section, and a drying section. After coal is crushed, a mixed liquid is formed and reacted in the reaction section. After the reaction is complete, the mixture is allowed to stand and separate within the reaction section. The supernatant is then introduced into the settling section for sedimentation to obtain a paste-like potassium humate. A drying film and a concentrator are then used in conjunction to prepare the solution under a daily average solar radiation intensity ≥650W / m². 2 In a drying zone where the daily temperature fluctuation range is 16±3℃ and the relative humidity is ≤30% for ≥80% of the days, the paste-like potassium humate is dried to obtain potassium humate crystals. The drying temperature is 50℃-60℃, which is relatively energy-efficient and ensures that the original structure of humic acid is preserved as much as possible while increasing its chemical activity and yield.

[0056] In this embodiment, the climate characterized by an average daily solar radiation intensity ≥650W / m2, a daily temperature range of 16±3℃, and a relative humidity of ≤30% for ≥80% of the days can specifically refer to the weather conditions in Hami region of Xinjiang from March to October.

[0057] The fertilizer preparation unit includes a mixer, a sealed reactor, and a crusher. In the preparation process of the humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, the potassium humate prepared above, along with seaweed extract and yeast glycosides, are added to the mixer in a specific ratio and stirred until homogeneous. Simultaneously, urea is added to the sealed reactor in a specific ratio and completely melted. Then, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are added to the sealed reactor in a specific ratio and mixed until homogeneous. The mixture from the mixer is then transferred to the sealed reactor and mixed until homogeneous. After the material in the sealed reactor cools, it is transferred to the crusher to be pulverized and shaped to obtain the humic acid water-soluble fertilizer.

[0058] The seaweed extract, yeast glycosides, urea, monoammonium phosphate, and potassium sulfate mentioned herein are all purchased raw materials.

[0059] Based on the above solution:

[0060] like Figures 2-7 As shown, each of the concentrators includes a support frame 1, a mounting frame 2, and a limiting component 3. The support frame 1 has a first receiving cavity 11. The mounting frame 2 is rotatably connected to the support frame 1 and has a reflector component 4, one side of which is a reflector plate 41, rotatably connected inside it. The mounting frame 2 has a first state in which it is housed in the first receiving cavity 11 and a second state in which it is rotated out of the first receiving cavity 11 for use. The limiting component 3 is connected between the mounting frame 2 and the support frame 1 and is used to support and / or limit the mounting frame 2 when it is in the first state or the second state.

[0061] When using:

[0062] The mounting bracket 2 is rotated out of the first receiving cavity 11 and then tilted above the support frame 1. It is supported and limited by the limiting component 3, ensuring that the mounting bracket 2 stably maintains its second state (e.g., ...). Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 In this embodiment, there are two limiting components 3 distributed on both sides of the mounting frame 2 to improve the stability of the mounting frame 2 when it is in this state; then the reflective component 4 is rotated so that the reflector 41 faces the sunlight, focuses the sunlight and reflects it onto the paste potassium humate on the drying film to dry the paste potassium humate.

[0063] When storing after use:

[0064] Rotate the reflector assembly 4 so that the reflector 41 faces the first receiving cavity 11. Then release the support of the limiting assembly 3 on the mounting frame 2 and rotate both the mounting frame 2 and the limiting assembly 3 into the first receiving cavity 11 for storage. At this time, the limiting assembly 3 limits the mounting frame 2 to ensure that the mounting frame 2 is stably stored in the first receiving cavity 11 to maintain the first state. In this state, the reflector 41 is stored in the first receiving cavity 11 to avoid being scratched and to reduce the space occupied by the concentrator, which is beneficial to the storage and transfer of the concentrator.

[0065] Based on the above solution:

[0066] The support frame 1 has a guide hole 13 communicating with the first receiving cavity 11 along the horizontal direction, and the mounting frame 2 has a guide groove 21 along its length direction on the outer wall; each of the limiting components 3 includes a positioning part 31 and a support rod 32. The positioning part 31 is slidably attached to the outer wall of the mounting frame 2 and partially slidably connected in the guide groove 21. The positioning part 31 is equipped with a first locking structure 313 and a downwardly oriented positioning notch is also formed on the positioning part 31; the support rod 32 is disposed in the first receiving cavity 11 and one end of it is rotatably connected to a connecting part 33 that is slidably connected to the guide hole 13, and the other end of it is used to be embedded in the positioning notch for support.

[0067] When using:

[0068] 1. The mounting bracket 2 is rotated out of the first receiving cavity 11 and the mounting bracket 2 is arranged at an angle above the support frame 1;

[0069] 2. After the positioning part 31 is slid along the guide groove 21 to a suitable position, it is locked and fixed by the first locking structure 313;

[0070] 3. Rotate the support rod 32 out of the first receiving cavity 11 and slide the connecting part 33 along the guide hole 13 to a suitable position. Then rotate the free end of the support rod 32 into the positioning notch to abut against it and lock the support rod 32.

[0071] 4. Rotate the reflector 4 so that the reflector 41 faces the sunlight, concentrates the sunlight and reflects it onto the paste-like potassium humate on the drying film, so as to dry the paste-like potassium humate.

[0072] When storing after use:

[0073] 1. Rotate the reflector assembly 4 so that the reflector 41 faces the first receiving cavity 11;

[0074] 2. Release the lock of the support rod 32, then rotate the free end of the support rod 32 out of the positioning notch and move the connecting part 33 to rotate the support rod 32 into the appropriate position in the first receiving cavity 11;

[0075] 3. The mounting bracket 2 is rotated into the first receiving cavity 11, and the positioning part 31 abuts against the inner wall of the first receiving cavity 11 to ensure that the mounting bracket 2 is stably stored in the first receiving cavity 11.

[0076] The connecting part 33 includes a movable column slidably disposed in the guide hole 13. One end of the movable column is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod 32, and the other end is rotatably connected to a connecting block slidably attached to the outer wall of the support frame 1. A control stud is threaded onto the connecting block. Rotating the control stud abuts against the outer wall of the support frame 1 and tightens the rotatable connection between the movable column and the connecting block, preventing relative rotation between the movable column and the connecting block, thus locking and fixing the support rod 32. Rotating the control stud disengages from the outer wall of the support frame 1 and allows the rotatable connection between the movable column and the connecting block to be movable. At this time, the movable column can move within the guide hole 13, and the support rod 32 can also rotate around the movable column.

[0077] The positioning part 31 mentioned above includes a positioning block 311 and an elastic limiting block 312. The positioning block 311 is L-shaped and one of its L-shaped sides slides against the outer wall of the mounting frame 2. A connecting post is connected to the positioning block 311 and slides within the guide groove 21. A first locking structure 313 is fitted between the positioning block 311 and the outer wall of the mounting frame 2. The elastic limiting block 312 is connected to the other L-shaped side of the positioning block 311, and the positioning notch is formed between the elastic limiting block 312, the positioning block 311, and the outer wall of the mounting frame 2.

[0078] In this embodiment:

[0079] The positioning block 311 and the elastic limiting block 312 cooperate to form a positioning notch on the outer wall of the mounting frame 2, so that the free end of the support rod 32 can be rotated into the positioning notch to abut against each other and stably support the mounting frame 2. When the mounting frame 2 has different tilt angles in different scenarios as required, the connecting column can slide in the guide groove 21 to adjust the position of the positioning block 311, and the connecting part 33 can slide in the guide hole 13 to adjust the position of the support rod 32, ensuring that the support rod 32 can be rotated into the positioning notch to abut against each other and stably support the mounting frame 2.

[0080] The first locking structure 313 can be a locking stud, one end of which is threadedly connected to the positioning block 311. When the locking stud is rotated to abut against the outer wall of the mounting bracket 2, the positioning block 311 is locked and fixed. When the locking stud is rotated to disengage from the outer wall of the mounting bracket 2, the positioning block 311 is released from locking. At this time, the positioning block 311 can be held to allow the connecting column to slide in the guide groove 21.

[0081] It is worth noting that the elastic limiting block 312 is disposed on one side of an "L"-shaped side of the positioning block 311, so that a recessed space is formed between the side of the positioning block 311 away from the mounting bracket 2 and the elastic limiting block 312, and the end of the locking stud away from the mounting bracket 2 is placed in the recessed space. In the first state, the elastic limiting block 312 elastically abuts against the inner wall of the first receiving cavity 11, ensuring that the mounting bracket 2 is stably housed in the first receiving cavity 11; due to the design of the recessed space, the locking stud will not contact the inner wall of the first receiving cavity 11, so that the mounting bracket 2 will not be restricted by the locking stud during the process of rotating it out of the first receiving cavity 11.

[0082] The mounting frame 2 is equipped with a driver 5 that drives the reflective component 4 to rotate, and the mounting frame 2 is also equipped with a photoelectric sensor 6 connected to the driver 5. The photoelectric sensor 6 is used to sense the light intensity to drive the reflective component 4 to rotate through the driver 5.

[0083] During operation, the photoelectric sensor 6 detects changes in the angle of sunlight and drives the actuator 5 to operate. The actuator 5 then drives the reflector 4 to rotate, ensuring that sunlight shines on the reflector 41 and is reflected onto the paste-like potassium humate spread on the drying film for drying. The photoelectric sensor 6 can be a four-quadrant photoelectric sensor. This process is existing technology and is used in this solution to maximize the acquisition of energy from sunlight and improve the efficiency of drying the paste-like potassium humate.

[0084] The support frame 1 is rotatably connected to a plurality of telescopic rods 7, and the support frame 1 has a second receiving cavity 12; the plurality of telescopic rods 7 have a supporting state in which they are extended and support the support frame 1, and a stored state in which they are stored in the second receiving cavity 12.

[0085] In this embodiment, there are four telescopic rods 7 to stably support the support frame 1; the telescopic rods 7 can be referred to as telescopic hiking poles, and can adjust the height of the concentrator when in use as needed. At the same time, the telescopic rods 7 can be retracted to their shortest state and moved into the second receiving cavity 12 for easy storage.

[0086] The reflective assembly 4 includes a support plate rotatably mounted within the mounting frame 2, a reflector 41 adhered to one side of the support plate, and a driver 5 connected to the support plate to drive the support plate to rotate, thereby causing the reflector 41 to rotate. The driver 5 may include a motor.

[0087] The reflector 41 includes a flat plate made of foam and a reflective film with a mirror-finished aluminum coating attached to one side of the flat plate. The reflective film has a reflectivity of about 95%.

[0088] The mounting frame 2 is a square frame, and the support plate is rotatably mounted inside the square frame.

[0089] The support frame 1 is a support base, with a first receiving cavity 11 opened on the top surface of the support base and a second receiving cavity 12 opened on the bottom surface of the support base.

[0090] The drying mulch film includes a mulch film body and a coating layer disposed on one side of the mulch film body, wherein the coating layer contains anatase TiO2.

[0091] In this embodiment, 6g of anatase TiO2 was added per square meter of the mulch film as a surface coating, and then the mulch film was dried and subjected to high-temperature resistance treatment. This high-temperature resistance treatment is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. This process improves the drying effect of the paste-like potassium humate.

[0092] The principle of TiO2 photocatalysis is as follows: Figure 1 As shown:

[0093] When the light energy absorbed by TiO2 exceeds its threshold band gap energy, electrons in the valence band of TiO2 are excited and jump to the conduction band to form photogenerated electrons, while positively charged holes are generated in the valence band. Due to the influence of the electric field, some of the electron-hole pairs generated inside TiO2 are transferred to the surface of TiO2 and directly participate in the photocatalytic reaction. The photogenerated electrons and holes reduce and oxidize the reactants adsorbed by TiO2, respectively. The active groups generated during the reaction, such as hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, have strong oxidizing properties and can oxidize most organic matter, directly generating CO2 and H2O without producing other pollutants. Some of these groups will quickly recombine inside or on the surface of TiO2 and cannot be utilized, releasing energy in the form of heat or photons; thus improving the drying effect of paste-like potassium humate.

[0094] The study found that the weathered coal in Hami has a high humic acid content, making it more advantageous for preparing potassium humate.

[0095] The following specific embodiments demonstrate the application of the potassium humate preparation unit to prepare potassium humate.

[0096] Example a

[0097] The weathered coal from Hami is crushed to a mesh size of 80 or higher using a crushing unit.

[0098] Add 8m3 of water to the mixer, then add 2.5 tons of crushed weathered coal evenly to the mixer, stir for 10 minutes, and then grind it into a uniform coal slurry through a 150-mesh colloid mill.

[0099] Coal slurry was added to the reaction vessel, followed by 275 kg of 90% potassium hydroxide tablets, which were stirred and dissolved. Then, 50 kg of 50% liquid alkali was added and stirred for 20 minutes to obtain potassium humate solution.

[0100] The supernatant in the potassium humate solution was pumped into a settling tank by a diaphragm pump and precipitated for 12 hours to obtain paste-like potassium humate.

[0101] Transfer the paste-like potassium humate to an area with a daily average solar radiation intensity ≥650W / m 2 In drying areas where the daily temperature fluctuation range is 16±3℃ and the relative humidity is ≤30% for ≥80% of the days, the drying film is spread on the drying ground film with a thickness of about 1cm, and the 8 cooperating concentrators are activated to control the drying temperature at 50℃ for 7 days.

[0102] Among them, the anatase TiO2 particle size in the drying mulch film is selected to be 10nm.

[0103] Example b

[0104] The only difference from Example a is that the number of concentrators is adjusted to set the drying temperature to 55°C.

[0105] Example c

[0106] The only difference from Example a is that the number of concentrators is adjusted to set the drying temperature to 60°C.

[0107] Example d

[0108] The only difference from Example a is that the number of concentrators is adjusted to set the drying temperature to 65°C.

[0109] Example e

[0110] The only difference from Example a is that the number of concentrators is adjusted to set the drying temperature to 70°C.

[0111] Comparative example f

[0112] The only difference from Example a is that the drying film does not contain anatase TiO2.

[0113] Comparative example g

[0114] The only difference from Example a is that the anatase TiO2 particle size is 25 nm.

[0115] Comparative example h

[0116] The only difference from Example a is that the anatase TiO2 particle size is 40 nm.

[0117] Comparative example i

[0118] The only difference from Example a is that the anatase TiO2 is replaced with rutile TiO2.

[0119] Comparative example j

[0120] 2.5 tons of weathered coal were ground to 80 mesh and then mixed with 17857L of 3% KOH. The mixture was then subjected to hydrothermal oxidation at 200℃ and 500rpm for 8 hours.

[0121] The liquid and solid phases were separated by filtration, and the residue was thoroughly washed with deionized water.

[0122] The resulting filtrate was dried at 105°C to constant weight.

[0123] The yield of potassium humate prepared above was determined by gravimetric method, and the CEC (total base exchange) in potassium humate was also determined. The formula for calculating the yield of potassium humate is as follows:

[0124] Potassium humate yield = (mass of humic acid in potassium humate / mass of humic acid in Hami weathered coal) × 100%.

[0125] The specific measurement results are shown in Table 1:

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] Table 1

[0129] CEC reflects the trend of chemical reactivity; potassium humate with a higher CEC value has higher chemical activity. As shown in Table 1, the potassium humate prepared in Examples a-c has better yield and chemical activity.

[0130] Ten experimental areas of equal size for planting Ehime were divided in the orchard. Equal amounts of potassium humate prepared in Examples a-e and Comparative Examples f-j were applied to each area. After the fruit matured, 100 fruits were randomly selected from each experimental area, and the single weight, diameter and sugar content of the fruit (all average values) were measured. The data are shown in Table 2.

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] Table 2

[0134] Table 2 shows that the single fruit weight, fruit diameter, and fruit sugar content of Ehime fruits in Examples a-c are superior to those in Examples d-e and Comparative Examples f-j. This indicates that the potassium humate prepared in Examples a-c has better activity, improves soil structure, and increases the single fruit weight, fruit diameter, and fruit sugar content of Ehime fruits.

[0135] The potassium humate prepared in Example c above is applied to water-soluble fertilizers to form humic acid water-soluble fertilizers, as detailed below:

[0136] Example A

[0137] Preparation of a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer:

[0138] Step 1: Weigh 16 parts potassium humate, 305 parts potassium sulfate, 340 parts monoammonium phosphate, 8 parts seaweed extract, 4 parts yeast glycosides, and 327 parts urea.

[0139] Step 2: Add potassium humate, seaweed extract and yeast glycosides into a mixer and mix at 100-120 rpm for 10 minutes to ensure even mixing.

[0140] Step 3: Add urea to a sealed reactor and heat it to 200-210℃ to melt the urea at the high temperature;

[0141] Step 4: Add monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into a sealed reactor and mix for 15 minutes at a speed of 60-70 r / min to ensure that the urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed evenly.

[0142] Step 5: Add the mixture obtained in Step 2 into a sealed reactor and mix at a speed of 60-70 r / min for 5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing;

[0143] Step Six: After the material in the sealed reactor has cooled, it is fed into a crusher and pulverized to 100-120 mesh to obtain the product.

[0144] Example B

[0145] The only difference from Example A is that in step one, 20 parts of potassium humate, 310 parts of potassium sulfate, 345 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10 parts of seaweed extract, 5 parts of yeast glycoside, and 310 parts of urea are weighed.

[0146] Example C

[0147] The only difference from Example A is that in step one, 24 parts of potassium humate, 315 parts of potassium sulfate, 350 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 12 parts of seaweed extract, 6 parts of yeast glycoside, and 293 parts of urea are weighed.

[0148] Comparative Example A

[0149] Preparation of a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer:

[0150] Step 1: Weigh 16 parts potassium humate, 305 parts potassium sulfate, 340 parts monoammonium phosphate, 8 parts seaweed extract, 4 parts yeast glycosides, and 327 parts urea.

[0151] Step 2: Add urea to a sealed reactor and heat it to 200-210℃ to melt the urea at the high temperature;

[0152] Step 3: Add potassium humate, seaweed extract, yeast glycoside, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into a sealed reaction vessel and mix at 60-70 r / min for 20 minutes to mix evenly.

[0153] Step 4: After the material in the sealed reactor has cooled, it is fed into a crusher and pulverized to 100-120 mesh to obtain the product.

[0154] Comparative Example B

[0155] The only difference from Example A is that the seaweed extract is replaced with an equal amount of yeast glycosides.

[0156] Comparative Example C

[0157] The only difference from Example A is that the yeast glycosides are replaced with an equal amount of seaweed extract.

[0158] Comparative Example D

[0159] The only difference from Example A is that the potassium humate is replaced with the potassium humate prepared in Example d.

[0160] The humic acid water-soluble fertilizer was experimentally verified, as follows:

[0161] 1. Stability Verification

[0162] The products prepared in Examples A-C and Comparative Examples A-C were all diluted to a concentration of 1 mg / mL, and then subjected to dynamic light scattering (DLS) detection three times under constant temperature of 25°C. The data are shown in Table 3.

[0163] Group Average particle size of the composite (nm) Polydispersity Index (PDI) Example A 150 0.12 Example B 160 0.13 Example C 140 0.11 Comparative Example A 310 0.35 Comparative Example B 280 0.31 Comparative Example C 250 0.28

[0164] Table 3

[0165] 2. Nutrient release verification

[0166] The specific experimental method is as follows:

[0167] a. Dialysis bag selection: 3.5 kDa molecular weight cutoff (cellulose membrane) to ensure free ions (Fe2+) are retained. + Ca 2+ It can be retained through humic acid-metal chelates.

[0168] b. Pretreatment: Boil for 5 minutes to remove glycerin, and store in deionized water at 4°C.

[0169] c. Release medium: Simulated rhizosphere environment: 0.01M CaCl2 solution (pH 6.5) containing 0.1% NaN3 to inhibit microbial interference.

[0170] d. Operating procedures:

[0171] Accurately weigh 1.0g of fertilizer and place it in a dialysis bag, then immerse it in 200mL of medium;

[0172] The shaking was performed in a constant temperature shaker (25±1℃, 100rpm) under dark conditions.

[0173] On days 1, 3, 5, and 7, 5 mL samples were taken (with an equal amount of fresh medium added simultaneously), and the concentrations of Fe and Ca were determined by ICP-MS.

[0174] e. Data processing:

[0175] Cumulative release rate (%) = (released amount / total amount) × 100%.

[0176] The products prepared in Examples A-C and Comparative Examples A-C were tested using the above experimental methods, and the data are shown in Table 4.

[0177] Group Fe release rate Ca release rate Example A 72％ 69％ Example B 70％ 67％ Example C 75％ 70％ Comparative Example A 90％ 85％ Comparative Example B 93％ 89％ Comparative Example C 78％ 73％

[0178] Table 4

[0179] 3. Verification of root-promoting effect

[0180] Seed selection: 'Zhengdan 958', select plump and uniformly sized seeds, disinfect them and place them in a 25℃ constant temperature incubator to germinate. When the radicle length reaches 1cm, select seedlings with uniform growth for the experiment.

[0181] Hydroponic environment: Hogland nutrient solution (pH 6.0) was used, with 10 seedlings planted in each pot and placed in an artificial climate chamber (16 hours of light / day, temperature 25±1℃, humidity 60%).

[0182] Take six groups of corn seedlings, 30 seedlings in each group; adjust the concentration of the products prepared in Examples A-C and Comparative Examples A-C to 1 g / L and add them to the Hogland nutrient solution prepared with the six groups of corn seedlings respectively. Cultivate continuously for 14 days, and change the nutrient solution every 3 days to avoid nutrient depletion.

[0183] The data obtained from the subsequent testing are shown in Table 5.

[0184] Group Root length (cm) <![CDATA[Number of cells in the root apical meristem (×10 3 / mm 2 )]]> Example A 25.3 8.5 Example B 26.5 9.1 Example C 24.1 7.9 Comparative Example A 22.6 7.3 Comparative Example B 15.2 4.3 Comparative Example C 18.7 6.2

[0185] Table 5

[0186] 4. Stress resistance verification

[0187] Tomato seedlings (variety 'Micro-Tom') with uniform growth at the 3-leaf stage were selected and divided into seven groups of 100 seedlings each. The products prepared in Examples A-C and Comparative Examples A-D were adjusted to a concentration of 1 g / L and then applied to the seven groups of tomatoes, with root irrigation twice a week for two weeks. Starting from day 15, 100 mM NaCl solution was used instead of water for irrigation for 14 days. Data were collected after the treatment. The data are shown in Table 6.

[0188] Group Betaine (μmol / g) Proline (μg / g) Survival rate Example A 25.6 34.6 92％ Example B 28.5 38.2 96％ Example C 26.4 35.2 93％ Comparative Example A 22.6 30.2 76％ Comparative Example B 19.1 23.6 70％ Comparative Example C 18.3 22.7 60％ Comparative Example D 22.2 31.8 80％

[0189] Table 6

[0190] The data in Tables 3-6 show that the humic acid water-soluble fertilizer prepared by this invention has good composite stability and stress resistance, and the potassium humate prepared by this invention has a synergistic effect on stress resistance with seaweed extract and yeast glycoside.

[0191] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that, The following components are included, calculated as a percentage by mass: Potassium humate 1.6%-2.4%; Potassium sulfate 30.5%-31.5%; Monoammonium phosphate 34%-35%; Seaweed extract 0.8%-1.2%; Yeast glycosides 0.4%-0.6%; Urea balance.

2. The method for preparing a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Potassium humate, seaweed extract and yeast glycoside are mixed evenly to form the first mixture; Urea is heated to completely melt it, and then monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are added and mixed evenly to form a second mixture; The first mixture is added to the second mixture and mixed evenly, then cooled and crushed into shape.

3. The method for preparing a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The potassium humate is prepared by the following method: The raw coal is subjected to crushing, extraction, separation, sedimentation, and drying in sequence; wherein, the drying specifically involves: The resulting paste-like potassium humate was subjected to a daily average solar radiation intensity ≥650W / m². 2 Drying should be carried out in climates where the daily temperature difference ranges from 16±3℃ and the relative humidity is ≤30% for ≥80% of the days, and a concentrator should be used to adjust the drying temperature to 50℃-60℃.

4. A preparation system for preparing the humic acid water-soluble fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a potassium humate preparation unit and a fertilizer preparation unit connected thereto. The potassium humate preparation unit includes a crushing section, a reaction section, a sedimentation section and a drying section connected in sequence. The drying section is connected to the fertilizer preparation unit. The drying section includes: Drying mulch film, wherein the drying mulch film is laid in an area with an average daily solar radiation intensity ≥650W / m 2 The drying area in a climate region with a daily temperature range of 16±3℃ and a relative humidity of ≤30% for ≥80% of the days, and the paste-like potassium humate obtained by spreading it in the settling unit. A concentrator, wherein there are multiple concentrators arranged circumferentially on the outside of the drying film, so as to keep the drying temperature of the drying area at 50℃-60℃.

5. The preparation system for a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The concentrator includes: Support frame, the support frame having a first receiving cavity; The mounting frame is rotatably connected to the support frame and has a reflective component with one side being a reflector rotatably connected inside it. The mounting frame has a first state in which it is housed in a first receiving cavity and a second state in which it is rotated out of the first receiving cavity for use. A limiting component, which is connected between the mounting frame and the support frame and is used to support and / or limit the mounting frame when the mounting frame is in a first state or a second state.

6. The preparation system for a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support frame has a guide hole communicating with the first receiving cavity along the horizontal direction, and the outer wall of the mounting frame has a guide groove along its length direction; the limiting component includes: The positioning part is slidably attached to the outer wall of the mounting frame and partially slidably connected to the guide groove. The positioning part is equipped with a first locking structure and a downwardly oriented positioning notch is also formed on the positioning part. A support rod is disposed in a first receiving cavity, one end of which is rotatably connected to a connecting part that is slidably connected to a guide hole, and the other end is used to be embedded in a positioning notch for support.

7. The method for preparing a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The positioning unit includes: The positioning block is L-shaped and one of its L-shaped sides slides against the outer wall of the mounting frame. A connecting post that slides and is limited in the guide groove is connected to the positioning block. A first locking structure is fitted between the positioning block and the outer wall of the mounting frame. An elastic limiting block is connected to another "L"-shaped side of the positioning block, and the positioning notch is formed between the elastic limiting block, the positioning block and the outer wall of the mounting frame.

8. The method for preparing a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting bracket is equipped with a driver that drives the reflective assembly to rotate, and the mounting bracket is also equipped with a photoelectric sensor connected to the driver. The photoelectric sensor is used to sense the light intensity to drive the reflective assembly to rotate through the driver.

9. The method for preparing a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support frame is rotatably connected to a plurality of telescopic rods, and the support frame has a second receiving cavity; the plurality of telescopic rods have a supporting state in which they support the support frame after being extended, and a stored state in which they are stored in the second receiving cavity.

10. The method for preparing a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drying mulch film includes a mulch film body and a coating layer disposed on one side of the mulch film body, wherein anatase TiO2 is distributed in the coating layer.

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