Inspection pit capable of adjusting elevation, inclination and gauge and fine adjustment method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly provides an inspection pit capable of adjusting elevation, inclination and track gauge and a fine adjustment method thereof.The inspection pit comprises prefabricated stand columns arranged in pairs, pre-embedded sleeve sets are pre-embedded in the prefabricated stand columns and a foundation slab, and the bottoms of each pair of prefabricated stand columns are detachably connected with the foundation slab through a column foot connecting system; a gap between the foundation slab and the column base connecting system is filled and sealed through grouting materials, the column base connecting system comprises a column base steel plate and a plurality of anchor bars, the anchor bars penetrate through the kidney-shaped holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode and are embedded in the foundation slab, and the tops of the anchor bars are in threaded connection with fixing nuts and leveling nuts. The leveling nut is located at the bottom of the column foot steel plate and abuts against the column foot steel plate, the fixing nut is located at the top of the column foot steel plate and used for fixing the column foot steel plate, the column foot steel plate is pushed by rotating the leveling nut of the column foot connecting system in the same direction or in the opposite direction, and adjustment of the height or inclination of the prefabricated stand column is achieved. And the rails laid on the prefabricated stand columns are adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to an adjustable inspection pit with adjustable elevation, inclination and gauge, and a fine-tuning method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Column-type inspection pits are used in the rail transit field, installed in subway or railway depots and maintenance depots for train maintenance. Currently, most column-type inspection pits are cast-in-place, which has disadvantages such as slow construction progress, poor site environment, and difficulty in controlling construction quality. In particular, on-site splitting is common at the connection between the column head and the rail fastener, and the construction accuracy is not up to standard. For other existing precast column solutions, the disadvantages are that a large number of rail panels need to be set up for reverse construction from top to bottom, the site space is small, and multiple manual fine adjustments are required, making it difficult to control the final track accuracy.

[0003] A method for constructing a track in a pre-reserved column inspection pit in a subway depot, patent publication number CN107313314B, includes the following steps: a) removing 500mm of concrete from the pre-reserved column below the rail surface; b) fixing the rail to the column using a rail fixing support frame and symmetrical inclined tie device, installing fasteners according to the position of the column corresponding to the rail, and assembling and connecting the rail panels; c) using the rail fixing support frame to adjust and control the geometric dimensions and precision of the track's bottom slope, gauge, direction, level, and elevation; d) pouring concrete after installing the pre-reserved column formwork. The pre-reserved column inspection pit track construction method, using a self-made rail support frame and symmetrical inclined tie device, effectively fixes the rail, ensuring the adjustment and precision control of track geometric dimensions such as bottom slope, gauge, direction, level, and elevation, meeting design and specification requirements. However, this patent still has some shortcomings: after the rail adjustment is completed, it is necessary to remove and replace the substitute pad and rail support frame, a very cumbersome process that is unsuitable for work conditions with limited space. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of difficulty in precisely adjusting the construction position during track laying, this invention provides an inspection pit with adjustable elevation, inclination, and gauge, along with a fine-tuning method to solve the aforementioned problem.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: an adjustable inspection pit in terms of elevation, inclination, and track gauge, comprising a foundation slab, pairs of precast columns, a column base connection system, and a pre-embedded sleeve assembly. The precast columns are used to support the track. The pre-embedded sleeve assembly is embedded within the precast columns and the foundation slab, with its opening communicating with the outside of the precast columns and the foundation slab. The bottom of each pair of precast columns is detachably connected to the foundation slab via the column base connection system. The gap between the foundation slab and the column base connection system is filled with grout. The column base connection system includes a column base steel plate and multiple anchor bars. The column base steel plate is fixed to the bottom of the precast column. The four corners of the column base steel plate have mirror-symmetrically arranged waist-shaped holes. The multiple anchor bars pass through the waist-shaped holes one by one and are embedded in the foundation plate. The top of the anchor bars is threaded with a fixing nut and a leveling nut. The leveling nut is located at the bottom of the column base steel plate and abuts against the column base steel plate. The fixing nut is located at the top of the column base steel plate and is used to fix the column base steel plate.

[0006] Preferably, the pre-embedded sleeve assembly includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve. The upper sleeve is pre-embedded in the precast column and its two ends are connected to the outside of the precast column. The lower sleeve is pre-embedded in the foundation slab and its two ends are connected to the outside of the foundation slab.

[0007] Preferably, the top end of the upper sleeve is bent horizontally and the opening communicates with the outside from the side of the precast column, and the bottom end of the lower sleeve is bent horizontally and the opening communicates with the outside from the side of the foundation plate. The bottom end of the upper sleeve can be fitted onto the top end of the lower sleeve, and the walls of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are separated to form a gap.

[0008] Preferably, the column base connection system further includes a bolt fixing washer, a bolt support washer, and a positioning steel plate. The bolt fixing washer is placed between the fixing nut and the column base steel plate, the bolt support washer is placed between the leveling nut and the column base steel plate, and the positioning steel plate is fixed to the foundation plate and located directly below the precast column.

[0009] Preferably, the column base steel plate has an opening, through which the top end of the lower sleeve and the bottom end of the upper sleeve can pass.

[0010] Preferably, the upper sleeve is made of 75mm diameter PVC pipe and the lower sleeve is made of 25mm diameter PVC pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the foundation plate has a groove for placing the precast column, and the grouting material can be poured into the groove. The top of the lower sleeve is higher than the side wall of the groove in the foundation plate.

[0012] A fine-tuning method for an adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge inspection pit includes the aforementioned adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge inspection pit and a track measuring trolley. The track measuring trolley can measure the track elevation, tilt, and gauge according to the reserved CPⅢ positioning point. The method further includes the following steps: S1. Based on the track elevation data measured by the track measuring trolley, rotate all the leveling nuts of the column base connection system in the same direction, achieving an elevation adjustment of ±2.5mm per rotation; S2. Based on the tilt data of the precast column measured by the track measuring trolley, rotate the leveling nuts of the column base connection system located on both sides of the column in the opposite direction, achieving a column tilt adjustment of 1.43° per rotation; S3. Based on the gauge data measured by the track measuring trolley, move the precast column horizontally along the length direction of the waist-shaped holes opened at the four corners of the column base steel plate to achieve gauge adjustment; S4. After adjustment, pour grouting material into the gap between the column base steel plate and the foundation plate to fill and seal the gap between the column base connection system and the groove of the foundation plate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are, firstly, that a column base connection system is provided, which pushes the column base steel plate by rotating the leveling nut of the column base connection system in the same or opposite direction, thereby adjusting the height or inclination of the precast column, and thus adjusting the track laid on the precast column.

[0014] Secondly, the CPⅢ-positioned track measuring trolley provides real-time monitoring, feeding back the precast column elevation and tilt data to the leveling personnel, achieving elevation control with an accuracy of ±0.2mm or tilt control with an accuracy of ±0.12°. Similarly, the CPⅢ-positioned track measuring trolley provides real-time monitoring, feeding back the precast column gauge data to the gauge adjustment personnel, achieving gauge control with an accuracy of ±0.3mm. These control accuracies far exceed the standard requirements for track elevation, tilt, and gauge control. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for extensive track scaffolding installations required in cast-in-place or conventional precast column construction, increasing construction speed and reducing the need for additional measures.

[0015] Thirdly, the upper sleeve passes through the opening in the column base steel plate and is pre-embedded inside the precast column. It is bent horizontally within the column, with the opening on the side for mounting inspection pit lighting and socket leads. The lower sleeve is pre-embedded in the foundation slab, with its upper end inserted into the upper sleeve. The lower sleeve extends 100mm above the foundation slab to prevent grout from flowing into it and causing blockages during grouting. The gap between the outer diameter of the lower sleeve and the inner diameter of the upper sleeve ensures that column gauge and tilt adjustments are not affected. This solves the problem of connecting pre-reserved pipelines between precast components.

[0016] Fourth, during the temporary period between the completion of precast column installation and track laying, the fixing nuts can be temporarily locked to prevent the precast columns from tilting and causing construction hazards.

[0017] Fifth, the column base connection system uses detachable bolt connections, which facilitates the replacement and repair of precast columns that are damaged later, greatly reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optimal embodiment of an inspection pit with adjustable elevation, tilt and gauge according to the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at the middle BB; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the column base connection system for an inspection pit with adjustable elevation, tilt and gauge according to the present invention. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view at CC; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Sectional view at point DD; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of an adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge inspection pit according to the present invention.

[0020] Attached reference numerals: 1. Precast column; 2. Column base connection system; 3. Grouting material; 4. Embedded sleeve assembly; 5. Foundation base plate; 201. Column base steel plate; 202. Bolt fixing washer; 204. Bolt support washer; 205. Positioning steel plate; 206. Anchor bar; 208. Fixing nut; 209. Leveling nut; 401. Upper sleeve; 402. Lower sleeve; 7. Track measuring trolley. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The concepts involved in this application will first be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following descriptions of various concepts are only for the purpose of making the content of this application easier to understand and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides an embodiment of an inspection pit with adjustable elevation, tilt and gauge, including a foundation plate 5, a pair of prefabricated columns 1, a column base connection system 2 and a pre-embedded sleeve group 4, wherein the prefabricated columns 1 are used to erect the track.

[0024] The pre-embedded sleeve assembly 4 is pre-embedded in the precast column 1 and the foundation plate 5, and its opening is connected to the outside of the precast column 1 and the foundation plate 5. The bottom of each pair of precast columns 1 is detachably connected to the foundation plate 5 through the column foot connection system 2, which facilitates the replacement and repair of the precast columns that are damaged later, greatly reducing maintenance costs. That is, each pair of precast columns 1 is fixed symmetrically on both sides of the same foundation plate 5. The gap between the foundation plate 5 and the column foot connection system 2 is filled and sealed by grouting material 3. After the grouting material 3 solidifies, it can improve the connection stability of the precast column 1 and prevent the column foot connection system 2 from loosening. On the other hand, it can also seal the column foot connection system 2 to prevent the column foot connection system 2 from being exposed to the outside, thus improving the service life of the column foot connection system 2.

[0025] The column base connection system 2 includes a column base steel plate 201 and multiple anchor bars 206. The column base steel plate 201 is fixed to the bottom of the precast column 1. The four corners of the column base steel plate 201 have mirror-symmetrically arranged oblong holes. The multiple anchor bars 206 pass through the oblong holes one by one and are embedded in the foundation slab 5. The top of each anchor bar 206 is threaded with a fixing nut 208 and a leveling nut 209. The leveling nut 209 is located at the bottom of the column base steel plate 201 and abuts against it. By rotating the leveling nut 209, the column base steel plate 201 can be moved upwards or downwards. The column base plate 201 is lowered to adjust its height and tilt, thereby achieving a small adjustment of the height and tilt of the precast column 1. The fixing nut 208 is located at the top of the column base plate 201 to fix the column base plate 201. After the adjustment is completed, the column base plate 201 is locked by the fixing nut 208 to prevent the column base plate 201 from shaking during use. In addition, during the temporary state between the completion of the precast column 1 installation and the track laying operation, the fixing nut 208 can be temporarily locked to prevent the precast column 1 from tilting and causing construction hazards.

[0026] The column base connection system 2 also includes a bolt fixing washer 202, a bolt support washer 204, and a positioning steel plate 205. The bolt fixing washer 202 is placed between the fixing nut 208 and the column base steel plate 201. The bolt support washer 204 is placed between the leveling nut 209 and the column base steel plate 201. The positioning steel plate 205 is fixed on the foundation base plate 5 and located directly below the precast column 1. The anchor bar 206 passes through the positioning steel plate 205 and is embedded in the foundation base plate 5. The positioning steel plate 205 can improve the stability of the anchor bar 206 and prevent the anchor bar 206 from tilting and deviating during the concrete pouring and vibration of the foundation base plate 5.

[0027] The pre-embedded sleeve assembly 4 includes an upper sleeve 401 and a lower sleeve 402. The upper sleeve 401 is pre-embedded in the precast column 1 and its two ends are connected to the outside of the precast column 1. The lower sleeve 402 is pre-embedded in the foundation slab 5 and its two ends are connected to the outside of the foundation slab 5. The top of the upper sleeve 401 is bent horizontally and its opening is connected to the outside from the side of the precast column 1. The bottom of the lower sleeve 402 is bent horizontally and its opening is connected to the outside from the side of the foundation slab 5. The openings of the upper sleeve 401 and the lower sleeve 402 are set on the side to facilitate the wiring when installing inspection pit lights and sockets.

[0028] The upper sleeve 401 uses a 75mm diameter PVC pipe, and the lower sleeve 402 uses a 25mm diameter PVC pipe. The bottom end of the upper sleeve 401 can be fitted onto the top end of the lower sleeve 402, and the pipe walls of the upper sleeve 401 and the lower sleeve 402 are separated to form a gap. When adjusting the inclination of the precast column base, the gap between the upper sleeve 401 and the lower sleeve 402 can provide space for the inclination adjustment and track gauge adjustment of the precast column base, thus solving the connection problem between the reserved pipeline and the subsequent pipeline.

[0029] The column base steel plate 201 has an opening, preferably with a diameter of 200mm. This not only meets the requirement that the top of the lower sleeve 402 and the bottom of the upper sleeve 401 pass through the opening in the column base steel plate 201, but also avoids the reduction in strength of the column base steel plate 201 due to an excessively large opening diameter.

[0030] The foundation plate 5 has a groove for placing the precast column 1. The grouting material 3 can be poured into the groove. The top of the lower sleeve 402 is higher than the side wall of the groove in the foundation plate 5. Preferably, the top of the lower sleeve 402 is 100mm higher than the groove to avoid the grouting material 3 flowing into the lower sleeve 402 during the pouring process and causing the lower sleeve 402 to become blocked.

[0031] A fine-tuning method for an adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge inspection pit includes the aforementioned adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge inspection pit and a track measuring trolley 7. The track measuring trolley 7 is capable of measuring the track elevation, tilt, and gauge according to the reserved CPⅢ positioning points, and also includes the following steps: S1. Based on the track elevation data measured by the track measuring trolley 7, rotate all the leveling nuts 209 of the column foot connection system 2 in the same direction to achieve an elevation adjustment of ±2.5mm per revolution.

[0032] S2. Based on the tilt data of the precast column 1 measured by the track measuring trolley 7, the leveling nuts 209 on both sides of the column of the column foot connection system 2 are rotated in the opposite direction. Each rotation achieves a 1.43° tilt adjustment of the column.

[0033] S3. Based on the track gauge data measured by the track measuring trolley 7, the precast column 1 is moved horizontally along the length direction of the waist-shaped holes opened at the four corners of the column base steel plate 201. Specifically, the two ends of the adjustable telescopic rod are connected to the two precast columns 1 respectively, so as to drive the pair of precast columns 1 to move closer or further away from each other, or to use a traction tool to drive the precast column 1 to move individually, thereby realizing the track gauge adjustment.

[0034] S4. After the adjustment is completed, pour grouting material 3 into the gap between the column base steel plate 201 and the foundation plate 5 to fill and seal the gap between the column base connection system 2 and the groove of the foundation plate 5.

[0035] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. The above are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An inspection pit with adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge, characterized in that: The system includes a foundation slab (5), paired precast columns (1), a column base connection system (2), and a pre-embedded sleeve assembly (4). The precast columns (1) are used to support the track. The pre-embedded sleeve assembly (4) is embedded in the precast columns (1) and the foundation slab (5) and its opening communicates with the outside of the precast columns (1) and the foundation slab (5). The bottom of each pair of precast columns (1) is detachably connected to the foundation slab (5) through the column base connection system (2). The gap between the foundation slab (5) and the column base connection system (2) is filled and sealed with grouting material (3). The column base connection system (2) includes a column base steel plate (201) and multiple anchors. The anchor bar (206) is fixed to the bottom of the precast column (1). The four corners of the anchor bar (201) are provided with mirror-symmetrical waist-shaped holes. Multiple anchor bars (206) pass through the waist-shaped holes one by one and are embedded in the foundation plate (5). The top of the anchor bar (206) is threaded with a fixing nut (208) and a leveling nut (209). The leveling nut (209) is located at the bottom of the anchor bar (201) and abuts against the anchor bar (201). The fixing nut (208) is located at the top of the anchor bar (201) and is used to fix the anchor bar (201).

2. The inspection pit with adjustable elevation, inclination, and gauge as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-embedded sleeve group (4) includes an upper sleeve (401) and a lower sleeve (402). The upper sleeve (401) is pre-embedded in the precast column (1) and both ends of the sleeve are connected to the outside of the precast column (1). The lower sleeve (402) is pre-embedded in the foundation plate (5) and both ends of the sleeve are connected to the outside of the foundation plate (5).

3. An inspection pit with adjustable elevation, inclination, and gauge as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the upper sleeve (401) is bent horizontally and the opening is connected to the outside from the side of the precast column (1). The bottom end of the lower sleeve (402) is bent horizontally and the opening is connected to the outside from the side of the foundation plate (5). The bottom end of the upper sleeve (401) can be fitted onto the top end of the lower sleeve (402) and the walls of the upper sleeve (401) and the lower sleeve (402) are separated to form a gap.

4. An inspection pit with adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The column base connection system (2) further includes a bolt fixing washer (202), a bolt support washer (204), and a positioning steel plate (205). The bolt fixing washer (202) is placed between the fixing nut (208) and the column base steel plate (201). The bolt support washer (204) is placed between the leveling nut (209) and the column base steel plate (201). The positioning steel plate (205) is fixed on the foundation plate (5) and located directly below the precast column (1).

5. An inspection pit with adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The column base steel plate (201) has an opening, and the top end of the lower sleeve (402) and the bottom end of the upper sleeve (401) can both pass through the opening on the column base steel plate (201).

6. An inspection pit with adjustable elevation, inclination, and gauge as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The upper sleeve (401) is made of 75mm diameter PVC pipe, and the lower sleeve (402) is made of 25mm diameter PVC pipe.

7. An inspection pit with adjustable elevation, inclination, and gauge as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The foundation plate (5) has a groove for placing the precast column (1), and the grouting material (3) can be poured into the groove. The top of the lower sleeve (402) is higher than the side wall of the groove of the foundation plate (5).

8. A method for fine-tuning an inspection pit with adjustable elevation, inclination, and gauge, characterized in that, Including an adjustable elevation, tilt, and gauge inspection pit as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and a track measuring trolley (7), the track measuring trolley (7) being capable of measuring track elevation, tilt, and gauge according to the reserved CPⅢ positioning points, and further including the following steps: S1. Based on the track elevation data measured by the track measuring trolley (7), rotate all the leveling nuts (209) of the column foot connection system (2) in the same direction. Each rotation can achieve an elevation adjustment of ±2.5mm. S2. Based on the tilt data of the precast column (1) measured by the track measuring trolley (7), rotate the leveling nuts (209) of the column foot connection system (2) on both sides of the column in the opposite direction. Each rotation can achieve a 1.43° tilt adjustment of the column. S3. Based on the track gauge data measured by the track measuring trolley (7), the prefabricated column (1) is moved horizontally along the length direction of the waist-shaped holes opened at the four corners of the column base steel plate (201) to achieve track gauge adjustment. S4. After the adjustment is completed, pour grouting material (3) into the gap between the column base steel plate (201) and the foundation plate (5) to fill and seal the gap between the column base connection system (2) and the groove of the foundation plate (5).

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