Heavy load high speed low noise impact resistant ball screw pair

Abstract

The application discloses a heavy-load high-speed low-noise impact-resistant ball screw pair, which comprises a ball screw, a ball nut, steel balls and a ball returning pipe. When the steel balls are separated from the spiral raceway of the ball screw and the ball nut, the running path is designed to be tangent to the pitch diameter of the spiral raceway and enter the ball returning pipe along the lead angle direction. When the steel balls are separated from the ball returning pipe, the running path is designed to enter the spiral raceway between the ball screw and the ball nut along the lead angle direction and be tangent to the pitch diameter of the spiral raceway. The ball returning pipe is fused by a stainless steel ball blocking mechanism and a plastic channel through injection molding, wherein the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism is located at the position where the steel balls enter and leave the ball returning pipe. A plurality of ball returning pipes are arranged on the ball nut. The application effectively solves the main problems that the ball screw pair lacks impact-resistant design and noise control is insufficient under the conditions of high-speed operation and high load.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of lead screws, and particularly relates to a heavy-load high-speed low-noise impact-resistant ball screw pair. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of ball screw pair transmission, with the rapid development of full-electric servo presses, servo injection molding machines and other electric transmission equipment, the performance requirements of ball screw pairs are increasingly demanding, and comprehensive optimization is required in terms of high-speed operation, high-load bearing, low-noise control and impact resistance. The ball screw pair structure in the prior art, such as a single material return ball tube or a traditional steel ball path design, often has problems such as significant increase in noise, and the return ball tube is easily damaged by impact under high-speed and high-load working conditions, resulting in unstable equipment operation and shortened service life. However, the existing solutions cannot simultaneously solve these challenges, and the main technical problem is that the ball screw pair lacks effective impact resistance design and noise control under high-speed operation and high-load conditions, thereby affecting the reliability and efficiency of the equipment. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a heavy-load high-speed low-noise impact-resistant ball screw pair to effectively solve the main problem of insufficient noise control and lack of impact resistance design of the ball screw pair under high-speed operation and high-load conditions in the background art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the application is: a heavy-load high-speed low-noise impact-resistant ball screw pair, comprising a ball screw, a ball nut, a steel ball and a return ball tube, wherein when the steel ball is separated from the spiral raceway of the ball screw and the ball nut, the running path is designed to be tangent to the pitch diameter of the spiral raceway and enter the return ball tube along the lead angle direction.

[0005] When the steel ball is separated from the return ball tube, the running path is designed to enter the spiral raceway between the ball screw and the ball nut along the lead angle direction and tangent to the pitch diameter of the spiral raceway.

[0006] The return ball tube is fused by a stainless steel ball blocking mechanism and a plastic channel through injection molding, and the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism is located at the position where the steel ball enters and exits the return ball tube.

[0007] A plurality of return ball tubes are arranged on the ball nut.

[0008] The heavy-load high-speed low-noise impact-resistant ball screw pair described above, each return ball tube is installed on the ball nut by a gland and a fixing screw; the gland fixes the return ball tube on the ball nut, and is fastened by the fixing screw.

[0009] The above heavy load high speed low noise impact resistant ball screw pair, the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism is used to resist the impact force when the steel ball runs, and the plastic channel is used to reduce the running noise of the steel ball.

[0010] The above heavy load high speed low noise impact resistant ball screw pair, the return ball pipe is composed of two groups of stainless steel ball blocking mechanisms and plastic channels fused by injection molding.

[0011] The above heavy load high speed low noise impact resistant ball screw pair, one half of the end of the return ball pipe is a stainless steel ball blocking mechanism, and the other half is the head of the plastic channel; the body of the return ball pipe is composed of two return ball pipe plastic channel bodies.

[0012] The above heavy load high speed low noise impact resistant ball screw pair, the steel ball enters the return ball pipe along the lead angle direction, and the running path includes: running along the lead angle direction in the spiral raceway M part, and running along the tangent direction of the spiral pitch circle diameter in the N part.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: first, when the steel ball is separated from the spiral raceway of the ball screw and the ball nut, the running path is designed to be tangent to the pitch circle diameter of the spiral raceway and enter the return ball pipe along the lead angle direction, and when the steel ball is separated from the return ball pipe, the running path is designed to enter the spiral raceway along the lead angle direction and tangent to the pitch circle diameter of the spiral raceway. This path design ensures that the transition between the raceway and the return ball pipe is extremely smooth and smooth, significantly reduces the impact force and frictional resistance during the movement of the steel ball, thereby greatly reducing the noise level during high-speed operation, improving the high-speed flow of the steel ball, and realizing the stability of low-noise high-speed operation.

[0014] Secondly, the return ball pipe is composed of a stainless steel ball blocking mechanism and a plastic channel fused by injection molding, and the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism is located at the position where the steel ball enters and exits the return ball pipe. This composite structure makes full use of the high strength of stainless steel and the shock absorbing characteristics of plastic: the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism directly bears the impact load of the steel ball inlet / outlet, resists the impact force of the steel ball on the return ball pipe at the inlet / outlet of the return ball pipe under high load and high speed operation, effectively prevents damage to the return ball pipe under impact working condition; at the same time, the plastic channel greatly absorbs the vibration and noise of the steel ball running, cooperatively solves the defects of single material return ball pipe such as fragility and loud noise, and ensures the reliability and quietness of the equipment under high load, high speed impact operation.

[0015] Finally, the design of arranging multiple return ball pipes on the ball nut increases the number of steel ball circulation paths, realizes uniform dispersion of load and multiplication of carrying capacity, which not only strengthens the heavy load performance, but also cooperates with the aforementioned path and material design, further optimizes the stability and impact resistance under high speed operation, and ensures that the overall scheme can still operate efficiently under harsh working conditions.

[0016] In conclusion, the application can significantly reduce the noise and greatly enhance the impact resistance of the ball screw pair under high-speed and heavy-load conditions, solve the core bottleneck of the prior art, and improve the overall performance and service life of the electric transmission equipment.

[0017] The technical solutions of the application are described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0019] Figure 2 The figure is a sectional schematic diagram of the application.

[0020] Figure 3 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the return ball tube.

[0021] Figure 4 The figure is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the return ball tube.

[0022] Figure 5 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of one side of the return ball tube.

[0023] Figure 6 The figure is a steel ball running path diagram of the ball screw pair.

[0024] Figure 7 The figure is a steel ball running diagram of the M part of the ball screw pair along the lead angle direction.

[0025] Figure 8 The figure is a steel ball running path diagram of the M part of the ball screw pair along the lead angle direction.

[0026] Figure 9 The figure is a steel ball running path diagram of the N part of the ball screw pair along the tangent direction of the helix pitch circle diameter.

[0027] Figure 10 The figure is a steel ball running path diagram of the N part of the ball screw pair along the tangent direction of the helix pitch circle diameter.

[0028] Explanation of reference signs:

[0029] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] As shown in Figure 1 10, a heavy-load high-speed low-noise impact-resistant ball screw pair includes a ball screw 1, a ball nut 2, a steel ball 3, and a return ball tube 4. When the steel ball 3 is separated from the helical raceway of the ball screw 1 and the ball nut 2, the running path is designed to be tangent to the pitch circle diameter of the helical raceway and enter the return ball tube 4 along the lead angle direction.

[0031] The steel ball 3, when disengaging from the return tube 4, is designed to run along the lead angle direction and tangent to the pitch diameter of the helical raceway into the helical raceway between the ball screw 1 and the ball nut 2.

[0032] The return tube 4 is combined by two sets of stainless steel ball blocking mechanisms 401 and plastic channels 402 fused by injection molding, and the two sets of stainless steel ball blocking mechanisms 401 are respectively located at the positions where the steel ball 3 enters and exits the return tube 4.

[0033] The ball nut 2 is arranged with multiple sets of return tubes 4.

[0034] When manufacturing the return tube 4, the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism 401 is pre-installed in the mold cavity, and the plastic channel 402 is formed by injecting engineering plastic.

[0035] In implementation, taking a servo press as an example, in the operation of the servo press, when the steel ball 3 disengages from the helical raceway, its path is precisely designed to be tangent to the pitch diameter of the raceway, and the pitch diameter refers to the diameter of the cylindrical surface that envelopes the center of the ball when the ball, the ball nut body, and the ball screw contact at the theoretical contact point; and the path is along the lead angle direction into the return tube 4; the lead angle refers to the inclination angle of the helical line of the raceway.

[0036] This is achieved by setting a circular arc guide surface at the steel ball inlet / outlet of the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism 401: the circular arc guide surface is tangent to the pitch diameter, ensuring that the steel ball 3 slides into the return tube 4 with the smallest impact angle.

[0037] At the same time, the lead angle direction guides the smooth transition of the steel ball 3, avoiding sharp turns.

[0038] This path design reduces the impact force and energy loss when the steel ball 3 disengages, making the steel ball 3 smoothly enter the return tube 4 when running at high speed, such as a ball screw 1 rotating at 2000 rpm; significantly reducing noise; for example, the noise level can be controlled below 70 dB, and improving transmission efficiency. In the context of a servo press, when the device is performing rapid stamping operations, the circulation of the steel ball 3 is more stable, avoiding jamming or vibration, thereby supporting high-speed operation of the device.

[0039] For example, when a servo press processes a thick steel plate, the steel ball 3, at the moment of disengaging from the raceway, slides into the return tube 4 through the circular arc guide surface set by the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism 401 along the pitch tangent path and the lead angle direction. This is similar to a car entering a curve at a tangent to reduce centrifugal force, ensuring that the steel ball 3 enters the channel without impact, achieving dozens of cycles per second to meet the high-speed stamping demand.

[0040] When the steel ball 3 departs from the return tube 4 outlet, its path is also set to follow the lead angle direction (consistent with the inlet direction) and tangent to the pitch circle diameter of the spiral raceway. This is achieved by integrating a stainless steel ball stop mechanism 401 at the return tube 4 outlet as a guide: the arc guide face of the ball stop mechanism is tangent to the pitch circle diameter and maintains the lead angle direction, guiding the steel ball 3 to slide into the raceway at a gentle angle.

[0041] This design further reduces the impact and noise of the steel ball 3 returning to the raceway, improving the continuity of the cycle. Under heavy or impact loads, such as sudden loading of the press, the steel ball 3 path remains stable, avoiding ball jumping or wear, extending the life of the components. At high speed, the optimized path reduces energy loss, ensuring transmission efficiency of over 95%.

[0042] For example, in the impact load test of a servo press, when the steel ball 3 departs from the return tube 4 outlet, the arc guide face of the stainless steel ball stop mechanism 401 guides it to slide into the raceway at the lead angle direction and tangent to the pitch circle. This is like falling to the ground at a gentle angle when going downhill on a bicycle, reducing vibration. The steel ball 3 cycles smoothly, supporting the equipment to maintain high-speed operation under heavy load without abnormal noise.

[0043] The return tube 4 is manufactured using the injection molding process: first, the stainless steel ball stop mechanism 401 is manufactured by metal injection molding technology and then pre-installed in the mold, and then the plastic channel 402 is formed by injecting engineering plastic. The stainless steel ball stop mechanism 401 is only located at the inlet and outlet positions of the steel ball 3, and the rest is the plastic channel 402. Injection molding ensures seamless integration of the two materials, the stainless steel ball stop mechanism 401 provides rigidity and impact resistance, and the plastic channel 402 provides lightweight and noise reduction. When installed, the ball stop mechanism directly faces the impact point of the steel ball 3.

[0044] The stainless steel part effectively absorbs impact loads, such as preventing deformation under heavy pressure of the press, and the plastic part reduces the noise of the steel ball 3 running through the material damping effect, achieving a balance of impact resistance and low noise. At the same time, the injection molding process simplifies manufacturing and reduces costs. In high-load operations of a servo press, the return tube 4 can withstand frequent impacts without breaking, with noise reduction of over 20%.

[0045] For example, in the continuous stamping of a servo press, the steel ball 3 impacts the stainless steel ball stop mechanism 401 when entering the return tube 4, and its rigid structure resists deformation; when the steel ball 3 runs in the plastic channel 402, the plastic absorbs vibration energy, similar to a rubber pad to reduce noise. This integrated design allows the return tube 4 to remain intact under heavy impact loads while maintaining a low noise environment.

[0046] On the outer periphery of the ball nut 2, multiple groups of ball return tubes 4 are evenly arranged, for example, 2-4 groups, each group containing a complete ball return tube 4, a gland 5, and multiple fixing screws 6. Each group of ball return tubes 4 works independently; each group of ball return tubes 4 realizes the aforementioned path and material design, increasing the number of steel balls 3 and the circulation capacity.

[0047] The arrangement of multiple groups significantly improves the load-carrying capacity of the ball screw pair, for example, the load-carrying capacity is increased by more than 50%, supporting heavy load applications. At the same time, the distributed design balances the load, reduces the stress concentration of individual ball return tubes 4, and enhances system reliability. In a servo press, this allows larger workpieces to be processed without increasing size or noise.

[0048] For example, when a servo press is used for stamping large metal parts, 4 groups of ball return tubes 4 are installed on the ball nut 2. Each group of ball return tubes 4 independently circulates steel balls 3, equivalent to multiple parallel pipelines working simultaneously. When the device carries high loads, the steel balls 3 are evenly distributed, avoiding overloading and ensuring stable output of high thrust force from the screw pair.

[0049] In this embodiment, each group of ball return tubes 4 is installed on the ball nut 2 through the gland 5 and the fixing screw 6; the gland 5 fixes the ball return tube 4 to the ball nut 2 and is tightened by the fixing screw 6.

[0050] On the ball nut 2, each group of ball return tubes 4 is covered and fixed by the gland 5, which is tightened to the nut thread hole by the fixing screw 6. The gland 5 is designed as a clamping slot or clamping structure, covering both ends of the ball return tube 4 to ensure its position is stable. During installation, the ball return tube 4 is first placed in the nut slot, then the gland 5 is covered and tightened with the screw 6 to prevent loosening.

[0051] This installation method provides detachability and high rigidity, facilitating maintenance or replacement of the ball return tube 4. The gland 5 disperses the load, enhancing the impact resistance; the screw 6 tightens to ensure that it does not vibrate and fall off during high-speed operation. In the servo press, the system has no risk of loosening during frequent start-stop, improving safety.

[0052] For example, during maintenance work of the servo press, the engineer can loosen the fixing screw 6, remove the gland 5, and quickly replace the worn ball return tube 4. After installation, the gland 5 tightly presses the ball return tube 4, similar to a bolted flange, ensuring that it does not shift under high-speed impact.

[0053] In this embodiment, the stainless steel ball stopping mechanism 401 is used to resist impact loads, and the plastic channel 402 is used to reduce the noise of the steel balls 3 running.

[0054] Based on the structure of the ball return tube 4, the stainless steel ball stopping mechanism 401 is specifically used to absorb the impact energy of the steel balls 3, and its material is selected as high-hardness stainless steel, such as 304 stainless steel, to resist deformation; the plastic channel 402 uses noise-reducing engineering plastic, which has a smooth inner wall and damping characteristics, absorbing the vibration and noise of the steel balls 3 rolling.

[0055] The bead stop mechanism protects the system from damage under impact loads such as sudden press loading. The plastic channel 402 enables noise control, for example, noise reduction to below 70 dB. This division optimizes material usage and improves overall performance.

[0056] In high-impact tests on servo presses, the stainless steel bead stop mechanism 401 withstands the impact of the steel ball 3 without cracking, and the plastic channel 402 reduces noise propagation through material elasticity, similar to a soundproof layer, making the workshop environment quieter.

[0057] In this embodiment, the bead return tube 4 is composed of two groups of stainless steel bead stop mechanisms 401 and plastic channels 402 fused by injection molding.

[0058] Each bead return tube 4 is composed of two symmetrical halves, one half being a stainless steel bead stop mechanism 401 and the other half being a plastic channel 402 fused by injection molding. When the two halves are combined, they are aligned through buckling or adhesion, forming a complete channel. The structure of each half ensures that the bead stop mechanism is located at the inlet / outlet position after combination.

[0059] Modular design simplifies manufacturing and assembly, reducing costs; the combined structure has high strength, preventing separation during operation. In servo press mass production, it is easy to standardize manufacturing.

[0060] In the manufacture of the bead return tube 4, the stainless steel bead stop mechanism 401 is first manufactured by metal injection molding technology and then pre-installed in the injection mold. Then, engineering plastic is injected to fuse with the plastic channel 402, forming a "half" bead return tube, and the "two halves" are combined. Similar to the closure of a two-piece shell, it ensures the continuity of the steel ball 3 path. In this embodiment, one half of the end of the bead return tube 4 is a stainless steel bead stop mechanism 401, and the other half is the head of a plastic channel 402; the body of the bead return tube 4 is composed of the body of the plastic channel 402 of each half bead return tube 4.

[0061] In the combined bead return tube 4, one half of the end (inlet / outlet) area is a bead stop mechanism (metal), and the other half is the head of a plastic channel 402 (plastic transition section), and the body (middle part) is completely composed of the bodies of the two halves of the plastic channel 402. This is achieved by controlling the material distribution during injection molding: the bead stop mechanism occupies 50% of the area at the end, and the body is pure plastic.

[0062] The end optimizes the transition of impact resistance and noise reduction, the body is lightweight and noise-reducing, the overall weight is reduced, and it is convenient for high-speed applications. In servo presses, inertia is reduced, and response speed is improved.

[0063] At the end of the ball return tube 4 of the servo press, half of the force of the steel ball 3 impact is borne by the stainless steel ball stop mechanism, and the other half is smoothly transferred to the plastic, providing a smooth transition. The plastic portion of the body reduces weight, similar to lightweight tubing, supporting the rapid acceleration of the equipment.

[0064] In this embodiment, the steel ball 3 enters the ball return tube 4 in the lead angle direction, and the running path includes: running in the lead angle direction at the spiral raceway M part, and running in the tangent direction of the pitch diameter of the spiral line at the N part.

[0065] The path of the steel ball 3 runs strictly in the lead angle direction at the M part (the point where the raceway is detached) (the angle is controlled by the circular arc guide surface), and runs in the tangent direction of the pitch diameter at the N part (near the pitch diameter area) (the tangent is achieved by the geometric design of the raceway). This is achieved through precise machining of the spiral raceway profile of the ball screw 1 and the ball nut 2, ensuring seamless connection of the path at the M and N parts.

[0066] Subdividing the path improves the accuracy and smoothness of high-speed operation, and reduces noise and wear caused by path deviation. In the high-speed mode of the servo press, the circulation of the steel ball 3 is more stable, and the transmission efficiency is maximized.

[0067] In the circulation of the steel ball 3 of the servo press, the lead angle direction at the M part ensures smooth detachment of the steel ball 3, and the tangent direction of the pitch diameter at the N part is similar to straight-line acceleration, reducing the resistance of the turn. The entire path is like an optimized racetrack, supporting the equipment to run at extremely high speeds.

[0068] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any way. Any simple modification, change, and equivalent structural change made in accordance with the technical essence of the present application to the above embodiments are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A heavy load high speed low noise impact resistant ball screw pair, comprising a ball screw (1), a ball nut (2), a steel ball (3) and a ball return tube (4), characterized in that: when the steel ball (3) is separated from the spiral raceway of the ball screw (1) and the ball nut (2), the running path is designed to be tangent to the pitch diameter of the spiral raceway and enter the ball return tube (4) in the lead angle direction through the arc guide guide surface on the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism (401) at the entrance of the ball return tube (4); when the steel ball (3) is separated from the ball return tube (4), the running path is designed to enter the spiral raceway between the ball screw (1) and the ball nut (2) in the lead angle direction and tangent to the pitch diameter of the spiral raceway through the arc guide guide surface on the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism (401) at the exit of the ball return tube (4); the ball return tube (4) is fused by the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism (401) and the plastic channel (402) by injection molding, wherein the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism (401) is located at the position where the steel ball (3) enters and leaves the ball return tube (4); a plurality of ball return tubes (4) are arranged on the ball nut (2); the arc guide guide surface is tangent to the pitch diameter; the raceway abutting surface of the plastic channel (402) is completely attached to the spiral inner plane of the ball nut (2); the stainless steel ball blocking mechanism (401) is used to resist the impact force of the steel ball (3) during operation, and the plastic channel (402) is used to reduce the running noise of the steel ball (3); the ball return tube (4) is composed of two groups of stainless steel ball blocking mechanisms (401) and plastic channels (402) fused by injection molding; one half of the end of the ball return tube (4) is a stainless steel ball blocking mechanism (401), and the other half is a head of a plastic channel (402); the body of the ball return tube (4) is composed of two bodies of the ball return tube plastic channel (402). Each group of the ball return tube (4) is installed on the ball nut (2) by a gland (5) and a fixing screw (6); the gland (5) fixes the ball return tube (4) on the ball nut (2) and is fastened by the fixing screw (6). The steel ball (3) enters the ball return tube (4) in the lead angle direction, and the running path includes running in the lead angle direction at M part of the spiral raceway and running in the tangent direction of the pitch diameter of the spiral line at N part. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. A heavy load high speed low noise impact resistant ball screw pair according to claim 1, wherein ​ 3. A heavy load high speed low noise impact resistant ball screw pair according to claim 1, wherein ​

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