Harsh environment soil sampling apparatus for data acquisition analysis

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of soil sampling, and discloses a harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis, which comprises a rack, a rotating shaft arranged in the rack, a threaded rod rotationally connected in the rack, a sampling part, a sleeve pipe matched with the circumferential outer surface of the rotating shaft, a movable block fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve pipe, a connecting frame slidingly connected to the movable block through a guide groove arranged on the circumferential outer surface of the movable block, and a sampling block rotationally connected to the outer surface of the movable block through a ring block arranged on the inner wall of the connecting frame. The harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis can effectively solve the problem that, in the prior art, after sampling in sandy, gravelly or moist soil, reverse rotation operation needs to be performed to separate the embedded state, the sample is subjected to the coupling action of centrifugal force and shear stress, the structure of the sample is disturbed, the physical and chemical properties of the sample deviate from the in-situ state, and the detection accuracy in the later period is affected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of soil environment data collection and analysis, the soil sampling device is the core tool for obtaining the original sample, and its reliability and sample integrity protection under complex terrain and harsh soil conditions are crucial. In the prior art, in order to realize the efficient separation of the sampling unit and the soil medium, a driving assembly is usually used to drive the sampling device to rotate and insert into the target soil layer to obtain the soil sample, and reverse rotation operation is required to disengage the embedded state after sampling.

[0003] However, in a humid or gravel soil environment, the sample will be disturbed in structure under the coupling action of centrifugal force and shear stress when reverse rotating after sampling. In sandy and gravelly soil, the rotation of the sampling device will cause the enrichment of fine particles at the bottom, changing the original particle size distribution. In humid soil, the rotation of the sampling device will cause the formation of a composite bonding system of water film adsorption and humus cementation between particles, and a ring-shaped shear band on the inner wall of the sampling device. The water-stable aggregates are broken under the coupling action of force, causing the physicochemical properties of the sample to deviate from the in-situ state, affecting the detection accuracy in the later stage. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis, which can effectively solve the problem that in the prior art, in sandy, gravelly or humid soil, reverse rotation operation is required to disengage the embedded state after sampling, the sample will be disturbed in structure under the coupling action of centrifugal force and shear stress, causing the physicochemical properties of the sample to deviate from the in-situ state, and affecting the detection accuracy in the later stage.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis, comprising:

[0007] a rack;

[0008] a rotating shaft provided in the rack, and a key groove is formed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a threaded rod is rotatably connected in the rack, and the threaded rod is provided with two and symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the rack;

[0009] The sampling part comprises a sleeve matched with the circumferential outer surface of the rotating shaft, the bottom of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a movable block, the movable block is slidably connected with a connecting frame through a guide groove arranged on the circumferential outer surface of the movable block, the connecting frame is rotatably connected with a sampling block matched with the outer surface of the movable block through a ring block arranged on the inner wall of the connecting frame, and the circumferential outer surface of the threaded rod is threadedly connected with a support connected with the outer surface of the connecting frame.

[0010] Wherein, the movable block is provided with a linkage, when the rotating shaft drives the movable block to rotate forward in cooperation with the sleeve, the linkage triggers and synchronously rotates the sampling block, when the rotating shaft drives the movable block to rotate reversely in cooperation with the sleeve, the linkage is closed, so that the sampling block stops rotating.

[0011] Further, the rack is provided with a drive unit for driving the rotating shaft and the threaded rod to rotate, and the forward rotation speed of the rotating shaft is greater than the reverse rotation speed.

[0012] Further, the connecting frame is connected with the inner wall of the guide groove through a strong spring arranged on the outer side of the connecting frame.

[0013] Further, the sampling block is hollow, the sampling block is fixedly connected with a protrusion on the side away from the movable block, the protrusion is provided with a plurality of and is arranged in a circumferential array along the central axis of the sampling block, the protrusion is designed in an inverted conical shape, and a matching groove is arranged in the inner wall of the sampling block and is provided with two and is symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the sampling block.

[0014] Further, the linkage comprises a cavity arranged in the movable block, the cavity is slidably connected with a counterweight through a guide rod arranged in the cavity, and the counterweight is provided with two and is symmetrically distributed along the center of the cavity.

[0015] Further, the counterweight is connected with the inner wall of the cavity through a return spring arranged on the outer side of the counterweight, and the counterweight is fixedly connected with a retaining pin on the side close to the return spring.

[0016] Further, a through hole matched with the circumferential outer surface of the retaining pin is arranged in the cavity, when the movable block rotates forward, the two counterweights are synchronously moved along the central axis of the guide rod under the action of centrifugal force, so that the retaining pin can extend out of the through hole and extend into the matching groove, thereby synchronously rotating the sampling block.

[0017] The technical scheme provided by the application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] The application is provided with a sampling part, a linkage, and a counterweight in the movable block moves outward under the action of centrifugal force when rotating forward, the catch is inserted into the sampling block matching groove, the movable block and the sampling block rotate synchronously, the rotation speed is reduced when rotating reversely, the centrifugal force is smaller than the elastic force of the reset spring, the catch is separated from the matching groove, and the sampling block stops rotating, which can realize that the sampling block rotates synchronously with the movable block only when it rotates forward, and the sampling block remains stationary when rotating reversely, avoids the action of rotating reversely to separate the embedded state after sampling, affects the later detection of the soil sample in the sampling block, and when the sampling part moves upward, the strong spring outside the connecting frame exerts an obstacle force on the movable block in the opposite direction of the movement direction, the obstacle force promotes the relative displacement between the movable block and the sampling block, when the obstacle force reaches and overcomes the elastic threshold of the strong spring, the movable block feeds to the inner cavity of the sampling block, the sample is pushed out from the inner cavity of the sampling block through the relative displacement between the movable block and the sampling block, and the outer surface of the movable block is precisely matched with the inner wall of the sampling block, has the function of scraping residual soil, avoids the sample extrusion deformation caused by manual sampling, and removes the foreign soil adhered to the inner wall, preventing cross contamination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional separation structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional separation structure schematic diagram of the sampling part of the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional separation structure schematic diagram of the linkage of the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the local amplification of A in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional state transformation structure schematic diagram of the linkage of the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The labels in the figure respectively represent: 1, rack; 2, rotating shaft; 3, threaded rod; 4, sampling part; 41, sleeve; 42, movable block; 43, connecting frame; 44, sampling block; 45, support; 46, linkage; 461, cavity; 462, guide rod; 463, counterweight; 464, return spring; 465, bayonet; 466, through hole; 47, matching groove; 5, drive unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0028] The present application will be further described below in connection with the embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment:

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-6 The present application provides a technical solution: a harsh environment soil sampling device for data acquisition and analysis, comprising:

[0031] Rack 1;

[0032] The rotating shaft 2 is arranged in the rack 1, and a key groove is formed in the outer surface of the rotating shaft 2. The threaded rod 3 is rotatably connected in the rack 1, and the threaded rod 3 is provided with two and symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the rack 1;

[0033] The sampling part 4 comprises the sleeve 41 which is fitted with the circumferential outer surface of the rotating shaft 2. The bottom of the sleeve 41 is fixedly connected with the movable block 42. The movable block 42 is slidably connected with the connecting frame 43 through the guide groove arranged on the circumferential outer surface thereof. The connecting frame 43 is rotatably connected with the sampling block 44 which is fitted with the outer surface of the movable block 42 through the ring block arranged on the inner wall thereof. The circumferential outer surface of the threaded rod 3 is threadedly connected with the support 45 which is connected with the outer surface of the connecting frame 43;

[0034] The linkage 46 is arranged in the movable block 42. When the rotating shaft 2 drives the movable block 42 to rotate forward in cooperation with the sleeve 41, the linkage 46 is triggered and the sampling block 44 is synchronously rotated. When the rotating shaft 2 drives the movable block 42 to rotate reversely in cooperation with the sleeve 41, the linkage 46 is closed and the sampling block 44 is stopped from rotating.

[0035] The drive unit 5 for driving the rotating shaft 2 and the threaded rod 3 to rotate is arranged in the rack 1. The forward rotation speed of the rotating shaft 2 is greater than the reverse rotation speed thereof.

[0036] The connecting bracket 43 is connected to the inner wall of the guide groove by a strong spring located on its outer side.

[0037] The sampling block 44 is hollow. A protrusion is fixedly connected to the side of the sampling block 44 away from the movable block 42. There are multiple protrusions and they are arranged in a circular array along the central axis of the sampling block 44. The protrusions are inverted conical in shape. The inner wall of the sampling block 44 is provided with a mating groove 47. There are two mating grooves 47 and they are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the sampling block 44.

[0038] The linkage 46 includes a cavity 461 opened in the movable block 42. The cavity 461 is slidably connected to a counterweight 463 by a guide rod 462 disposed inside it. There are two counterweights 463 and they are symmetrically distributed along the center of the cavity 461.

[0039] The counterweight 463 is connected to the inner wall of the cavity 461 via a return spring 464 located on its outer side, and a locking pin 465 is fixedly connected to the side of the counterweight 463 near the return spring 464.

[0040] The cavity 461 has a through hole 466 that fits against the outer circumferential surface of the locking pin 465. When the movable block 42 rotates in the forward direction, the two counterweights 463 are subjected to centrifugal force and move synchronously in the opposite direction along the central axis of the guide rod 462, so that the locking pin 465 can extend out of the through hole 466 and into the mating groove 47, thereby causing the sampling block 44 to rotate synchronously.

[0041] The principle and advantages of a harsh environment soil sampling device for data acquisition and analysis:

[0042] During equipment operation, the operator uses the handheld control frame mounted on frame 1 to move the entire sampling device above the soil in the target sampling area. This handheld control frame has a precise displacement adjustment mechanism, enabling accurate positioning in three-dimensional space. Then, the drive unit 5 is activated, which drives the rotation of the threaded rod 3 and the rotating shaft 2.

[0043] In the initial operating condition, since the threaded rod 3 and the support 45 form a typical helical transmission pair, according to the principle of helical transmission, the rotational motion of the threaded rod 3 is converted into the linear motion of the support 45 along the central axis of the threaded rod 3. Driven by the support 45, the entire assembly consisting of the movable block 42 and the sampling block 44 moves downward along the axis of the threaded rod 3 until the convex sampling edge at the bottom of the sampling block 44 approaches the soil surface, that is, the distance between the sampling block 44 and the soil surface reaches the preset trigger threshold.

[0044] The spline and keyway coupling transmission structure is composed of the outer spline on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 2 and the keyway on the inner surface of the sleeve 41. When the sleeve 41 moves downward with the movable block 42, due to the gap between the spline and the keyway, the sleeve 41 can slide along the outer surface of the rotating shaft 2, realizing the freedom of axial movement. When the rotating shaft 2 rotates, the spline and the keyway are in meshing engagement, forming a circumferential transmission constraint, so that the sleeve 41 drives the movable block 42 to rotate synchronously through the meshing transmission of the spline and the keyway, realizing the transmission of rotational power. During rotation, the counterweight 463 in the internal cavity 461 of the movable block 42 is subjected to centrifugal force. The counterweight 463 moves outward along the axis of the guide rod 462.

[0045] During movement, the reset spring 464 outside the counterweight 463 is compressed, storing elastic potential energy. As the counterweight 463 moves, the retaining pin 465 installed on its outside moves synchronously. When the retaining pin 465 moves through the through hole 466 of the movable block 42 and is embedded in the matching groove 47 in the internal cavity of the sampling block 44, the sampling block 44 and the movable block 42 form a rigidly connected whole through the connecting structure of the retaining pin 465 and the matching groove 47. Because the size of the matching groove 47 in the internal cavity of the sampling block 44 is larger than the size of the through hole 466 of the movable block 42, a certain radial fault tolerance space is formed. This design ensures that the retaining pin 465 can be smoothly inserted into the matching groove 47 under high-speed rotating conditions, avoiding connection failure caused by installation errors or movement deviations. The double matching grooves 47 on the inner wall of the sampling block 44 are symmetrically distributed, forming two-point positioning with the retaining pin 465, cooperating with the ring block rotating pair, ensuring that the sampling block 44 and the movable block 42 are rigidly linked during forward rotation, avoiding eccentric rotation caused by soil extrusion, and keeping the sample in the hollow cavity 461 under axial pressure during sampling, so that the particle size distribution is consistent with the original position.

[0046] When the sampling block 44 and the movable block 42 form a rigid connection and rotate synchronously, the threaded rod 3 continues to drive the sampling device as a whole downward through the bracket 45 until the inverted cone-shaped protrusion at the bottom of the sampling block 44 contacts the soil surface. The tip of the inverted cone-shaped protrusion has a very small contact area, which can produce significantly increased pressure under the same driving force, allowing the protrusion to quickly cut into the soil. At the same time, when the inclined surface of the inverted cone-shaped protrusion contacts the soil, shear force is generated through the inclined angle of the inclined surface. The horizontal cutting component can effectively destroy the cohesive force between soil particles, reducing the shear strength of the soil, so that the sampling block 44 can smoothly insert into the soil. With the continuous driving of the threaded rod 3, the sampling block 44 gradually penetrates into the soil, and the sampling space formed in its internal cavity collects and retains the soil sample, completing the preliminary collection of the soil sample.

[0047] For weakly cohesive sandy soil, gravelly soil and other media, the friction effect between the outer wall of the sampling device and the hole wall during rotation will exacerbate soil particle crushing, causing fine particle material to accumulate at the bottom of the sample, thereby changing the particle size distribution characteristics of the original soil body. In wet soil, the composite bonding system formed by water film adsorption and humus cementation at the interface between the inner wall of the sampling device and the soil produces a ring-shaped shear band, and the water-stable aggregate structure is broken under the coupling action of centrifugal force and shear stress, ultimately leading to deviation of the physical and chemical properties of the soil sample from the in-situ state, affecting the accuracy of subsequent detection and analysis.

[0048] After the sampling operation is completed, the drive unit 5 controls the threaded rod 3 and the rotating shaft 2 to rotate in the opposite direction. To ensure that the counterweight block 463 can be reset smoothly, the reverse rotation speed is set to be lower than the forward rotation speed, so that the centrifugal force acting on the counterweight block 463 decreases. When the centrifugal force decreases to less than the elastic threshold of the reset spring 464, the reset spring 464 releases the stored elastic potential energy, drives the counterweight block 463 to move inward along the axis of the guide rod 462, and moves until the catch pin 465 and the counterweight block 463 return to the initial position, the catch pin 465 is disengaged from the mating groove 47 of the sampling block 44, and the rigid connection between the sampling block 44 and the movable block 42 is released. During the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 2, since the connecting piece and the sampling block 44 adopt a ring groove and ring block rotating pair connection, which allows relative rotational motion between the movable block 42 and the sampling block 44, only the movable block 42 rotates through the connecting frame 43, while the sampling block 44 remains stationary and only moves axially with the bracket 45 and the threaded rod 3.

[0049] When the sampling part 4 moves upward as a whole, the sleeve 41 slides along the outer wall of the rotating shaft 2. Since the bottom of the rotating shaft 2 and the inner wall of the sleeve 41 are designed with accurate positioning structures that fit each other, when the sleeve 41 moves to the initial position, the bottom of the rotating shaft 2 and the inner wall of the sleeve 41 fit each other, forming axial positioning. As the sampling part 4 continues to move upward, the rotating shaft 2 applies an obstacle force to the movable block 42 in the opposite direction of the movement. Since the movable block 42 and the connecting frame 43 are connected by a sliding connection structure of guide groove and guide block, the obstacle force causes the movable block 42 and the sampling block 44 to move relative to each other. When the obstacle force reaches and overcomes the elastic threshold of the strong spring, the movable block 42 feeds into the inner cavity of the sampling block 44. As the sampling block 44 continues to move upward, the movable block 42 gradually pushes the soil sample in the inner cavity of the sampling block 44 out of the inner cavity, facilitating the operator to collect the sample.

[0050] The circumferential outer surface of the movable block 42 is in precise fit with the inner wall of the sampling block 44, and the gap therebetween is controlled within a very small range. When the movable block 42 feeds into the inner cavity of the sampling block 44, the edge position of the movable block 42 can scrape the inner wall surface of the sampling block 44, clean the soil sample adhered on the inner wall, avoid mutual pollution between different soil samples in subsequent sampling, and ensure the accuracy of soil sample detection and analysis.

[0051] The sampling part 4 and the linkage 46 have the following advantages:

[0052] Advantage one: the counterweight block 463 in the movable block 42 moves outward under the action of centrifugal force when rotating forward, the catch pin 465 is inserted into the matching groove 47 of the sampling block 44, the movable block 42 and the sampling block 44 rotate synchronously, the rotating speed is reduced when rotating reversely, the centrifugal force is smaller than the elastic force of the reset spring 464, the catch pin 465 is separated from the matching groove 47, and the sampling block 44 stops rotating. The sampling block 44 can only rotate forward synchronously with the movable block 42, and the sampling block 44 remains stationary when rotating reversely, so that the reverse rotating action for separating the embedded state after sampling is avoided, and the later detection of the soil sample in the sampling block 44 is not affected.

[0053] Advantage two: when the sampling part 4 moves upward, the connecting frame 43 applies a resistance force to the movable block 42 in the opposite direction of the movement direction, the resistance force promotes the relative displacement between the movable block 42 and the sampling block 44, when the resistance force reaches and overcomes the elastic threshold of the strong spring, the movable block 42 feeds into the inner cavity of the sampling block 44, the sample is pushed out from the inner cavity of the sampling block 44 through the relative displacement between the movable block 42 and the sampling block 44, the outer surface of the movable block 42 is in precise fit with the inner wall of the sampling block 44, and the function of scraping residual soil is achieved, so that the sample extrusion deformation caused by manual sampling is avoided, and the adhesion of foreign soil on the inner wall is removed, and cross contamination is prevented.

[0054] The third advantage is that the counterweight 463 is coupled with the latch 465 assembly through the rigid linkage structure, when the latch 465 completes the linear motion with the counterweight 463 in the predetermined stroke, the conical guide section at the end of the latch 465 firstly passes through the high-precision positioning hole 466 of the movable block 42, and then enters the matching groove 47 in the inner cavity of the sampling block 44, and the size of the matching groove 47 is larger than that of the latch 465, that is, the matching groove 47 has a compensation gap, forming a connection interface with motion fault tolerance function. The size difference design constitutes a flexible compensation space, which can ensure that the latch 465 can be smoothly inserted into the matching groove 47 under high-speed rotating conditions, and facilitate the synchronous rotation of the sampling block 44 with the movable block 42. The double matching grooves 47 on the inner wall of the sampling block 44 are symmetrically distributed, and form two-point positioning with the latch 465, cooperate with the ring block rotating pair, ensure that the sampling block 44 and the movable block 42 are rigidly linked during forward rotation, avoid soil extrusion caused by eccentric rotation, and ensure that the sample remains in the hollow cavity 461 during the sampling process. The axial compression state is consistent with the in-situ particle size distribution.

[0055] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones; and these modifications or replacements will not change the essence of the corresponding technical solutions out of the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection analysis, characterized by, Include: Frame (1); The rotating shaft (2) is arranged in the frame (1), and the outer surface of the rotating shaft (2) is provided with a key groove, the frame (1) is rotatably connected with a threaded rod (3), and the threaded rod (3) is provided with two and is symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the frame (1); The sampling part (4) includes a sleeve (41) fitted with the circumferential outer surface of the rotating shaft (2), the bottom of the sleeve (41) is fixedly connected with a movable block (42), the movable block (42) is slidably connected with a connecting frame (43) through a guide groove arranged on the circumferential outer surface thereof, the connecting frame (43) is rotatably connected with a sampling block (44) fitted with the outer surface of the movable block (42) through a ring block arranged on the inner wall thereof, and the circumferential outer surface of the threaded rod (3) is threadedly connected with a bracket (45) connected with the outer surface of the connecting frame (43); Wherein, the movable block (42) is provided with a linkage member (46), when the rotating shaft (2) drives the movable block (42) to rotate forwardly in cooperation with the sleeve (41), the linkage member (46) triggers and synchronously rotates the sampling block (44), when the rotating shaft (2) drives the movable block (42) to rotate reversely in cooperation with the sleeve (41), the linkage member (46) is closed, so that the sampling block (44) stops rotating.

2. A harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis as defined in claim 1, wherein: The frame (1) is provided with a drive unit (5) for driving the rotating shaft (2) and the threaded rod (3) to rotate, and the forward rotation speed of the rotating shaft (2) is greater than its reverse rotation speed.

3. A harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis as defined in claim 1, wherein: The connecting frame (43) is connected with the inner wall of the guide groove through a strong spring arranged on the outer side thereof.

4. A harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis as defined in claim 1, wherein: The sampling block (44) is designed as hollow, a protrusion is fixedly connected to the side of the sampling block (44) away from the movable block (42), the protrusion is provided with a plurality of and is distributed in a circumferential array along the central axis of the sampling block (44), the protrusion is designed as an inverted cone, and a matching groove (47) is arranged in the inner wall of the sampling block (44), and the matching groove (47) is provided with two and is symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the sampling block (44).

5. A harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis as defined in claim 1, wherein: The linkage member (46) includes a cavity (461) arranged in the movable block (42), the cavity (461) is slidably connected with a counterweight block (463) through a guide rod (462) arranged in the cavity (461), and the counterweight block (463) is provided with two and is symmetrically distributed along the center of the cavity (461).

6. A harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis as defined in claim 5, wherein: The counterweight block (463) is connected with the inner wall of the cavity (461) through a return spring (464) arranged on the outer side thereof, and the counterweight block (463) is fixedly connected with a cotter pin (465) close to the return spring (464).

7. A harsh environment soil sampling device for data collection and analysis as defined in claim 5, wherein: A through hole (466) is arranged in the cavity (461) and fitted with the circumferential outer surface of the cotter pin (465), when the movable block (42) rotates forwardly, the two counterweight blocks (463) are synchronously moved along the central axis of the guide rod (462) under the action of centrifugal force, so that the cotter pin (465) can extend out of the through hole (466) and extend into the matching groove (47), thereby synchronously rotating the sampling block (44).

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