Gravel screening device with self-cleaning function

Abstract

The invention discloses a gravel screening device with a self-cleaning function, and relates to the technical field of screening devices.The gravel screening device comprises a supporting assembly, a filtering assembly and a cleaning assembly, the filtering assembly is arranged at the top end of the supporting assembly and used for filtering materials of different sizes, and the cleaning assembly is arranged between the supporting assembly and the filtering assembly and used for cleaning the materials of different sizes; the cleaning assembly is used for cleaning the filtering holes blocked by the soil, a detection assembly is arranged in the filtering assembly and used for detecting the number of the filtering holes blocked by the soil, a feeding unit is arranged at one end of the filtering assembly, and a discharging assembly is arranged at the other end of the filtering assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of screening device technology, specifically a sand and gravel screening device with a self-cleaning function. Background Technology

[0002] Stone is a basic material for building construction. However, the sand and gravel transported to the construction site or concrete mixing plant usually need to be screened to meet the different needs of building construction for sand and gravel particle size.

[0003] Sand and gravel screening devices are mainly used to classify and separate mixed materials, thereby screening out the required stone size. During the operation, the mixed materials contain a large amount of mud and impurities, which will clog the filter holes and adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder. Since the mud content in the clogging holes is different and the location is not fixed, it is difficult to clean and the cleaning efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sand and gravel screening device with a self-cleaning function to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function includes a support component, a filter component, and a cleaning component. The filter component is located at the top of the support component and is used to filter out materials of different sizes. A cleaning component is located between the support component and the filter component and is used to clean the filter holes blocked by mud. A detection component is located inside the filter component and is used to detect the number of filter holes blocked by mud. A feeding unit is located at one end of the filter component and a discharge unit is located at the other end of the filter component.

[0006] Furthermore, the sand and gravel screening device is mainly used to classify and separate mixed materials. During operation, the mixed materials contain a large amount of mud and impurities, which will clog the filter holes and adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder, thus affecting the subsequent filtration effect. In addition, the size of the stones in the material is also different, and different sizes of stones have different uses. The mixed materials also contain fine sand, so they need to be classified. The filter component is used to screen out large stones, small stones and fine sand, and collect them separately. The cleaning component is used to clean the filter cylinder in the filter component and improve the screening efficiency of the ore. The detection component is used to detect the number of filter holes blocked. The feeding unit is used to transport the mixed materials into the filter component. The discharging component is used to collect the classified ore.

[0007] The support assembly includes a column located on a horizontal ground. A bottom water tank is provided at the top of the column and is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank. An installation block is provided on the outer wall of the bottom water tank and is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank. A drive assembly is provided at one end of the bottom water tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the support component is used to support the filter component. The column stands on a horizontal ground and has a bottom water tank at the top. The bottom water tank is used to store cleaning water, which is used to provide a screening environment for the mixed materials. In turn, the screening efficiency is improved by the water flow. The drive component is used to provide power and control the rotation of the filter component to screen the mixed materials.

[0009] The filter assembly includes an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder, and an inner cylinder. The outer cylinder is located at the top of the bottom water tank and is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank. The outer cylinder is connected to the bottom water tank. The middle cylinder is located inside the outer cylinder and is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is located inside the middle cylinder. A connecting column is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder. One end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the other end of the connecting column is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle cylinder. Several filter holes are opened on the inner walls of both the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer cylinder is a fixed cylinder, while the middle and inner cylinders are filter cylinders. The filter hole diameter of the inner cylinder is larger than that of the middle cylinder. The inner cylinder is used to filter out large stones in the mixture, while the middle cylinder is used to filter out small stones in the mixture. The remaining fine sand in the mixture will settle in the outer cylinder. However, during filtration, since the mixture contains a large amount of soil, the soil will be moved during filtration, and the muddy water will likely clog the filter holes of the middle and inner cylinders. The two ends of the middle cylinder are rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the middle cylinder through a connecting column.

[0011] The drive assembly includes a rotating motor, a transmission rod, and a main gear. The rotating motor is located on the upper surface of the mounting block, and the fixed end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the mounting block. The output end of the rotating motor is provided with a transmission rod, and the main gear is provided on the transmission rod body. The main gear is connected to the toothed teeth of the inner cylinder. A turntable is provided at the end of the transmission rod away from the rotating motor, and a transmission wheel is provided on one side of the turntable. A secondary gear is provided on the transmission wheel away from the turntable, and the secondary gear is connected to the toothed teeth of the inner cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating motor serves as a power source to control the rotation of the transmission rod. The rotation of the transmission rod drives the main gear and the turntable to rotate. The rotation of the main gear drives the rotation of the middle cylinder, the rotation of the turntable drives the rotation of the transmission wheel, the rotation of the transmission wheel drives the rotation of the secondary gear, and the rotation of the secondary gear drives the rotation of the inner cylinder. Thus, the rotation of the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder is controlled by the rotating motor, thereby realizing the filtration process.

[0013] The detection assembly includes a ring and conductive posts. The ring is located inside the filter holes of the middle and inner cylinders and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter holes. The conductive posts are located inside the middle and inner cylinders and are connected to the ring at both ends. The ring is made of copper.

[0014] Furthermore, the detection component is used to determine the number of blocked filter holes. The inner cavity is located inside the middle and inner cylinders, with both ends connected to the filter holes. Several conductive posts are located within the inner cavity, their ends contacting the filter holes. These posts are connected to external wires. A ring is positioned inside the filter hole. Normally, the conductive posts contact the ring, forming a circuit. Because the ring slides against the inner wall of the filter hole, when the corresponding filter hole is blocked by mud or water, the ring shifts due to the mud or minerals, causing misalignment between the ring and the conductive posts. This breaks the original circuit. When the filter hole is in clean water, the water has conductivity, increasing the resistance between the conductive posts. If the filter hole is blocked by mud, the resistance continues to increase. The increase in resistance is related to the water content of the mud; higher water content results in a lower increase in resistance. Therefore, the magnitude of the resistance value indirectly indicates whether the filter hole is blocked.

[0015] The cleaning component includes an air pipe and an output pipe. The output pipe is located inside the bottom water tank and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom water tank. The air pipe is located inside the output pipe. An air outlet is opened at the bottom end of the output pipe. A fixed column is provided at the bottom end of the output pipe. A conical column is provided at the top end of the fixed column. The conical column is fixedly connected to the fixed column and cooperates with the air outlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the cleaning component provides air bubbles to clean the filter cartridge within the filtration assembly, removing mud and water clogging the filter holes. The flow of air bubbles and the rotation of the filter cartridge also sieve the mixture. One end of the air pipe is connected to an external air pipe, allowing air to escape and create an airflow in the water. This airflow passes through the air outlet at the bottom of the output pipe, forming bubbles outside the outlet. The air outlet works in conjunction with a conical column, which adjusts the size of the outlet. The closer the outlet is to the conical column, the smaller the outlet, resulting in smaller and more numerous bubbles, thus improving the cleaning effect. Conversely, the greater the distance, the larger the outlet, resulting in larger and fewer bubbles, and a larger coverage area.

[0017] A fixing block is provided on the outer wall of the bottom water tank, and the fixing block is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank. An electromagnetic spring is provided between the output pipe and the fixing block.

[0018] Furthermore, the two ends of the electromagnetic spring are connected to an external power source to control the up and down movement of the output tube. When the device is working, it determines the number and location of the blockage holes based on the resistance value between the conductive pillars in the detection component, and then controls the electromagnetic spring at the corresponding position to work. When the electromagnetic spring is energized, it generates a magnetic field. Through the interaction of magnetic forces, the electromagnetic spring contracts. The contraction of the electromagnetic spring drives the output tube to move, thereby adjusting the distance between the output tube and the conical pillar.

[0019] The discharge assembly includes a main collection pipe, a secondary collection pipe, and a liquid pipe. The main collection pipe is located on the side of the inner cylinder away from the feeding unit, the secondary collection pipe is located at the bottom of the main collection pipe, and the liquid pipe is located at the bottom of the secondary collection pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the main collection pipe is used to collect large stones discharged from the inner cylinder, the secondary collection pipe is used to collect small stones discharged from the middle cylinder, and the liquid pipe is used to collect mud and fine sand discharged from the external pipe.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, during filtration, the mixture is placed inside the filtration assembly, where the inner cylinder filters out large stones, the middle cylinder filters out medium stones, and the remaining fine sand eventually settles in the bottom water tank.

[0022] 2. In the filtration process, the present invention uses a conductive column and a circular ring to detect the filter holes of the filter cylinder. When only water and stones pass through the filter holes, the circular ring is connected to the conductive column. At this time, the resistance between the conductive columns is constant. When soil accumulates in the filter holes and causes blockage, the circular ring will be squeezed by the soil and thus displaced. At this time, the contact end of the conductive column touches the soil, and the resistance will increase. The greater the soil content in the blockage hole, the greater the resistance.

[0023] 3. This invention cleans clogged holes. Airflow is discharged through the air pipe and exited through the air outlet at the bottom of the output pipe. The airflow will form bubbles in the liquid and then float upward. When the bubbles come into contact with the filter holes and the mixed material, they will break, impacting the mud and the mixed material. This achieves both cleaning effect and improves the screening effect of the material.

[0024] 4. In operation, the electromagnetic coil is adjusted according to the resistance value between the conductive columns. When the resistance value is higher, the electromagnetic coil carries more current, which in turn increases the distance difference between the air outlet and the conical column. The larger the air outlet, the larger the bubbles generated, resulting in a greater impact force and thus improving the cleaning effect. Conversely, the lower the soil content in the filter holes, the lower the resistance value, the lower the electromagnetic coil carries more current, which in turn decreases the distance difference between the air outlet and the conical column, increasing the number of bubbles generated and the impact frequency, thus improving the screening effect. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary gear of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the middle section; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the conical column structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Support assembly; 11. Column; 12. Bottom water tank; 13. Mounting block; 2. Filter assembly; 21. Outer cylinder; 22. Middle cylinder; 23. Inner cylinder; 24. Connecting column; 3. Cleaning assembly; 31. Air pipe; 32. Output pipe; 33. Fixing column; 34. Conical column; 35. Fixing block; 36. Electromagnetic spring; 4. Detection assembly; 41. Ring; 42. Conductive column; 5. Feeding unit; 6. Discharge assembly; 61. Main collection pipe; 62. Secondary collection pipe; 63. Liquid pipe; 7. Drive assembly; 71. Rotating motor; 72. Transmission rod; 73. Main gear; 74. Turntable; 75. Transmission wheel; 76. Secondary gear. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example: Figures 1-10 As shown, the present invention provides a sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function. The sand and gravel screening device includes a support component 1, a filter component 2, and a cleaning component 3. The filter component 2 is provided at the top of the support component 1. The filter component 2 is used to filter out materials of different sizes. The cleaning component 3 is provided between the support component 1 and the filter component 2. The cleaning component 3 is used to clean the filter holes blocked by mud. The filter component 2 is provided with a detection component 4. The detection component 4 is used to detect the number of filter holes blocked by mud. One end of the filter component 2 is provided with a feeding unit 5, and the other end of the filter component 2 is provided with a discharging component 6.

[0029] Specifically, the sand and gravel screening device is mainly used to classify and separate mixed materials. During operation, the mixed materials contain a large amount of mud and impurities, which will clog the filter holes and adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder, thus affecting the subsequent filtration effect. In addition, the size of the stones in the material is different, and different sizes of stones have different uses. The mixed materials also contain fine sand, so they need to be classified. The filter component 2 is used to screen out large stones, small stones and fine sand, and collect them separately. The cleaning component 3 is used to clean the filter cylinder in the filter component 2 and improve the screening efficiency of the ore. The detection component 4 is used to detect the number of filter holes blocked. The feeding unit 5 is used to transport the mixed materials into the filter component 2. The discharge component 6 is used to collect the separated ore.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the support component 1 includes a column 11, which is located on a horizontal ground. A bottom water tank 12 is provided at the top of the column 11, and the top of the column 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank 12. An installation block 13 is provided on the outer wall of the bottom water tank 12, and the installation block 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank 12. A drive component 7 is provided at one end of the bottom water tank 12.

[0031] Specifically, the support component 1 is used to support the filter component 2, the column 11 stands on the horizontal ground, and the top of the column 11 is provided with a bottom water tank 12, which is used to store cleaning water. The cleaning water is used to provide a screening environment for the mixed materials, thereby improving the screening efficiency through the water flow. The drive component 7 is used to provide power and control the rotation of the filter component 2 to screen the mixed materials.

[0032] like Figures 3-5 As shown, the filter assembly 2 includes an outer cylinder 21, a middle cylinder 22, and an inner cylinder 23. The outer cylinder 21 is located at the top of the bottom water tank 12 and is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank 12. The outer cylinder 21 is connected to the bottom water tank 12. The middle cylinder 22 is located inside the outer cylinder 21 and is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 21. The inner cylinder 23 is located inside the middle cylinder 22. A connecting post 24 is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 23. One end of the connecting post 24 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 23, and the other end of the connecting post 24 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle cylinder 22. Several filter holes are opened on the inner walls of both the middle cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 23.

[0033] Specifically, the outer cylinder 21 is a fixed cylinder, and the middle cylinder 22 and inner cylinder 23 are filter cylinders. The filter hole diameter of the inner cylinder 23 is larger than that of the middle cylinder 22. The inner cylinder 23 is used to filter out large stones in the mixture, and the middle cylinder 22 is used to filter out small stones in the mixture. The remaining fine sand in the mixture will settle in the outer cylinder 21. However, during filtration, since the mixture contains a large amount of soil, the soil will be moved during filtration, and the muddy water will likely block the filter holes of the middle cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 23. The two ends of the middle cylinder 22 are rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 21, and the inner cylinder 23 is rotatably connected to the middle cylinder 22 through the connecting column 24.

[0034] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the drive assembly 7 includes a rotary motor 71, a transmission rod 72, and a main gear 73. The rotary motor 71 is located on the upper surface of the mounting block 13. The fixed end of the rotary motor 71 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 13. The output end of the rotary motor 71 is provided with a transmission rod 72. The transmission rod 72 is provided with a main gear 73. The main gear 73 is connected to the inner cylinder 22 by teeth. The end of the transmission rod 72 away from the rotary motor 71 is provided with a turntable 74. A transmission wheel 75 is provided on one side of the turntable 74. A secondary gear 76 is provided on the transmission wheel 75 away from the turntable 74. The secondary gear 76 is connected to the inner cylinder 23 by teeth.

[0035] Specifically, the rotating motor 71 serves as a power source to control the rotation of the transmission rod 72. The rotation of the transmission rod 72 drives the main gear 73 and the turntable 74 to rotate. The rotation of the main gear 73 drives the middle cylinder 22 to rotate, and the rotation of the turntable 74 drives the transmission wheel 75 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission wheel 75 drives the secondary gear 76 to rotate, and the rotation of the secondary gear 76 drives the inner cylinder 23 to rotate. Thus, the rotating motor 71 controls the rotation of the middle cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 23, thereby realizing the filtration process.

[0036] like Figure 10 As shown, the detection component 4 includes a ring 41 and a conductive post 42. The ring 41 is located inside the filter holes of the middle cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 23. The ring 41 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter holes. The conductive post 42 is located inside the middle cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 23. Both ends of the conductive post 42 are connected to the ring 41. The ring 41 is made of copper.

[0037] Specifically, the detection component 4 is used to detect the number of blocked filter holes. The inner cavity is located inside the middle cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 23, with both ends connected to the filter holes. Several conductive posts 42 are located within the inner cavity, so that both ends of the conductive posts 42 contact the filter holes. The two ends of the conductive posts 42 are connected to external wires. Then, the ring 41 is located inside the filter holes. Normally, the conductive posts 42 contact the ring 41, thus forming a circuit. Because the ring 41 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter holes, when the corresponding filter hole is affected... When the filter is clogged with mud or water, the ring 41 may shift due to the mud or minerals, causing misalignment between the ring 41 and the conductive post 42. This would disconnect the entire circuit. When the filter hole is in clean water, the water has a certain conductivity, which increases the resistance between the conductive posts 42. If the filter hole is clogged with mud, the resistance will continue to increase. The increase in resistance is related to the water content of the mud; the higher the water content, the lower the increase in resistance. Therefore, the magnitude of the resistance value can be used to indirectly determine whether the filter hole is clogged.

[0038] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the cleaning component 3 includes an air pipe 31 and an output pipe 32. The output pipe 32 is located inside the bottom water tank 12 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom water tank 12. The air pipe 31 is located inside the output pipe 32. An air outlet is provided at the bottom end of the output pipe 32. A fixing post 33 is provided at the bottom end of the output pipe 32. A conical post 34 is provided at the top end of the fixing post 33. The conical post 34 is fixedly connected to the fixing post 33 and cooperates with the air outlet.

[0039] Specifically, the cleaning component 3 provides air bubbles to clean the filter cylinder inside the filter component 2, removing mud and water clogging the filter holes. The flow of air bubbles and the rotation of the filter cylinder also screen the mixed materials. One end of the air pipe 31 is connected to an external air pipe 31, which exhausts air and forms an airflow in the water. The airflow passes through the air outlet at the bottom of the output pipe 32, and air bubbles are formed outside the air outlet. The air outlet cooperates with the conical column 34, which is used to adjust the size of the air outlet. The closer the distance between the air outlet and the conical column 34, the smaller the air outlet, the smaller and more numerous the bubbles, and the better the cleaning effect. Conversely, the farther the distance, the larger the air outlet, the larger and fewer the bubbles, and the larger the coverage area.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 8 As shown, a fixing block 35 is provided on the outer wall of the bottom water tank 12. The fixing block 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank 12. An electromagnetic spring 36 is provided between the output pipe 32 and the fixing block 35.

[0041] Specifically, the two ends of the electromagnetic spring 36 are connected to an external power source to control the up and down movement of the output tube 32. When the device is working, the number and position of the blockage holes are determined according to the resistance value between the conductive pillars 42 in the detection component 4, and then the electromagnetic spring 36 at the corresponding position is controlled to work. After the electromagnetic spring 36 is energized, it will generate a magnetic field. Through the interaction of magnetic forces, the electromagnetic spring 36 will contract. The contraction of the electromagnetic spring 36 will drive the output tube 32 to move, thereby adjusting the distance between the output tube 32 and the conical pillar 34.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the discharge assembly 6 includes a main collection pipe 61, a secondary collection pipe 62 and a liquid pipe 63. The main collection pipe 61 is located on the side of the inner cylinder 23 away from the feeding unit 5, the secondary collection pipe 62 is located at the bottom of the main collection pipe 61, and the liquid pipe 63 is located at the bottom of the secondary collection pipe 62.

[0043] Specifically, the main collection pipe 61 is used to collect large stones discharged from the inner cylinder 23, the secondary collection pipe 62 is used to collect small stones discharged from the middle cylinder 22, and the liquid pipe 63 is used for mud and fine sand discharged from the external pipe.

[0044] Working principle: The mixed material is first fed into the filter assembly 2 through the feeding unit 5. The rotating motor 71 controls the transmission rod 72 to rotate, which drives the main gear 73 and the turntable 74 to rotate, thereby rotating the inner cylinder 23 and the middle cylinder 22. The rotation of the inner cylinder 23 and the middle cylinder 22 will screen the mixed material. The inner cylinder 23 is used to filter out large stones in the mixed material, and the middle cylinder 22 is used to filter out small stones in the mixed material. The remaining fine sand in the mixed material will settle in the outer cylinder 21 and will eventually be collected by the discharge assembly 6. During this period, the two ends of the conductive column 42 are connected to the external wires, and a resistance value will be generated between the conductive columns 42. When the filter holes are subjected to mud... When water clogs the filter, the ring 41 may shift due to the influence of mud or minerals, causing misalignment between the ring 41 and the conductive post 42. This increases the resistance, and the higher the mud content, the higher the resistance. Based on the resistance value, it can be indirectly determined whether the filter hole is clogged. This controls the operation of the electromagnetic spring 36 at the corresponding position. The contraction of the electromagnetic spring 36 moves the output tube 32, thereby adjusting the distance between the output tube 32 and the conical post 34. The closer the distance between the air outlet and the conical post 34, the smaller the air outlet, the smaller and more numerous the bubbles, and the better the cleaning effect. Conversely, the farther the distance, the larger the air outlet, the larger and fewer the bubbles, and the larger the coverage area.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function, characterized in that: The sand and gravel screening device includes a support component (1), a filter component (2) and a cleaning component (3). The support component (1) is provided with a filter component (2) at its top. The filter component (2) is used to filter out materials of different sizes. The support component (1) and the filter component (2) are provided with a cleaning component (3). The cleaning component (3) is used to clean the filter holes blocked by mud. The filter component (2) is provided with a detection component (4). The detection component (4) is used to detect the number of filter holes blocked by mud. The filter component (2) is provided with a feeding unit (5) at one end and a discharge component (6) at the other end.

2. The sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support component (1) includes a column (11) located on a horizontal ground. The top of the column (11) is provided with a bottom water tank (12). The top of the column (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank (12). The outer wall of the bottom water tank (12) is provided with an installation block (13). The installation block (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank (12). One end of the bottom water tank (12) is provided with a drive component (7).

3. A sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter assembly (2) includes an outer cylinder (21), a middle cylinder (22) and an inner cylinder (23). The outer cylinder (21) is located at the top of the bottom water tank (12). The outer cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank (12) and communicates with the bottom water tank (12). The middle cylinder (22) is located inside the outer cylinder (21) and is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder (21). The inner cylinder (23) is located inside the middle cylinder (22). The outer wall of the inner cylinder (23) is provided with a connecting column (24). One end of the connecting column (24) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder (23), and the other end of the connecting column (24) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle cylinder (22). The inner walls of the middle cylinder (22) and the inner cylinder (23) are provided with a number of filter holes.

4. A sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly (7) includes a rotating motor (71), a transmission rod (72), and a main gear (73). The rotating motor (71) is located on the upper surface of the mounting block (13). The fixed end of the rotating motor (71) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (13). The output end of the rotating motor (71) is provided with a transmission rod (72). The transmission rod (72) is provided with a main gear (73). The main gear (73) is connected to the toothed part of the middle cylinder (22). The end of the transmission rod (72) away from the rotating motor (71) is provided with a turntable (74). The turntable (74) is provided with a transmission wheel (75) on one side. The transmission wheel (75) is provided with a secondary gear (76) away from the turntable (74). The secondary gear (76) is connected to the toothed part of the inner cylinder (23).

5. A sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection component (4) includes a ring (41) and a conductive post (42). The ring (41) is located inside the filter hole of the middle cylinder (22) and the inner cylinder (23). The ring (41) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter hole. The conductive post (42) is located inside the middle cylinder (22) and the inner cylinder (23). Both ends of the conductive post (42) are connected to the ring (41). The ring (41) is made of copper.

6. A sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning component (3) includes an air pipe (31) and an output pipe (32). The output pipe (32) is located inside the bottom water tank (12) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom water tank (12). The air pipe (31) is located inside the output pipe (32). An air outlet is provided at the bottom end of the output pipe (32). A fixing column (33) is provided at the bottom end of the output pipe (32). A conical column (34) is provided at the top end of the fixing column (33). The conical column (34) is fixedly connected to the fixing column (33) and cooperates with the air outlet.

7. A sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom water tank (12) has a fixing block (35) on its outer wall. The fixing block (35) is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank (12). An electromagnetic spring (36) is provided between the output pipe (32) and the fixing block (35).

8. A sand and gravel screening device with self-cleaning function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The discharge assembly (6) includes a main collection pipe (61), a secondary collection pipe (62) and a liquid pipe (63). The main collection pipe (61) is located on the side of the inner cylinder (23) away from the feeding unit (5). The secondary collection pipe (62) is located at the bottom of the main collection pipe (61), and the liquid pipe (63) is located at the bottom of the secondary collection pipe (62).

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