Miniaturized coprocessing system for organic solid waste

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic solid waste miniaturized cooperative processing system, which comprises a first conveying unit and a second conveying unit, which are respectively used for conveying household garbage and kitchen garbage; a material inlet of the drying subsystem is connected with a material outlet of the second conveying unit; a feeding hole of the pyrolysis subsystem is respectively connected with a discharging hole of the first conveying unit and a discharging hole of the drying subsystem; a gas inlet of the condensation subsystem is connected with a gas outlet of the pyrolysis subsystem, and a liquid outlet of the condensation subsystem is connected with a liquid inlet of the pyrolysis subsystem; a gas inlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem is connected with a gas outlet of the condensation subsystem; one end of the waste heat utilization subsystem is connected with the secondary combustion chamber subsystem, and the other end of the waste heat utilization subsystem is connected with the drying subsystem; and a gas inlet of the flue gas treatment subsystem is connected with a gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem. The system and the method have the beneficial effects that the system and the method are suitable for specific scenes where household garbage is high in outward transportation treatment cost or high in environment requirement and cannot be directly combusted, the environment-friendly requirement is met, and the manufacturing cost of the system can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of organic solid waste treatment and resource recycling, and in particular to a miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] Household waste and kitchen waste contain a large amount of organic matter. Treating organic solid waste can not only solve environmental problems but also recycle it as a resource. The heat energy in organic solid waste can be reused to produce steam for domestic or industrial production. In specific scenarios, such as tourist attractions, islands, forest farms, pastoral areas, and border areas, the amount of household waste and kitchen waste generated is much less than that in residential areas. Outsourcing the transportation to large-scale waste treatment plants is costly, while deploying conventional small-scale household waste incineration is even more expensive, and direct incineration will pollute the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] For specific scenarios with small waste generation, this invention proposes a miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste, aiming to improve the processing efficiency of small-scale organic solid waste treatment systems, reduce operating costs, equipment investment, pollutant emissions, etc., and ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste includes:

[0006] The first conveying unit and the second conveying unit are used to convey household waste and kitchen waste, respectively.

[0007] The drying subsystem has its inlet connected to the outlet of the second conveying unit;

[0008] The pyrolysis subsystem has its inlet connected to the outlet of the first conveying unit and the drying subsystem, respectively.

[0009] The condenser subsystem has its inlet connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis subsystem and its outlet connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis subsystem.

[0010] The inlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem is connected to the outlet of the condenser subsystem.

[0011] The waste heat utilization subsystem has one end connected to the secondary combustion chamber subsystem and the other end connected to the drying subsystem.

[0012] The flue gas treatment subsystem has its inlet connected to the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis subsystem includes a pyrolysis furnace and a water-cooled slag discharge machine connected to the pyrolysis furnace.

[0014] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a rotating grate inside.

[0015] In some embodiments, a cyclone dust collector is also included, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the condenser subsystem, and the outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem.

[0016] In some embodiments, a heat exchanger is also included, the hot end of which is connected to the secondary combustion chamber subsystem and the cold end of which is connected to the domestic water subsystem.

[0017] In some embodiments, the flue gas treatment subsystem includes a quench tower, a deacidification tower, a bag filter, and an activated carbon adsorber connected in sequence.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By employing a pyrolysis subsystem to co-process domestic waste and kitchen waste, efficient and environmentally friendly treatment of pollutants is achieved. At the same time, a condensation subsystem is used to condense the tar in the pyrolysis oil and gas back into the furnace, avoiding problems such as incomplete pyrolysis of tar in the pyrolysis subsystem. The combustible gas produced by the pyrolysis subsystem can generate heat through combustion in the secondary combustion chamber subsystem, which can be further used to produce domestic hot water and provide heat for the drying subsystem, reducing the moisture content of kitchen waste, thereby reducing the subsequent production of pyrolysis gas and flue gas. This invention is suitable for specific scenarios where the cost of transporting and treating domestic waste is high or where environmental requirements are high and direct combustion is not allowed. While meeting environmental protection requirements, it can also reduce the system's construction cost and provide heating for the target area's domestic water system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Wherein: 1-First conveying unit, 2-Second conveying unit, 3-Drying subsystem, 4-Pyrolysis subsystem, 5-Condensation subsystem, 6-Second combustion chamber subsystem, 7-Waste heat utilization subsystem, 8-Flue gas treatment subsystem, 9-Cyclone dust collector, 10-Heat exchanger, 801-Quick cooling tower, 802-Deacidification tower, 803-Bag dust collector, 804-Activated carbon adsorber. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer and more explicit, the content of this invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0022] This embodiment proposes a miniaturized collaborative treatment system for organic solid waste, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0023] The first conveying unit 1 and the second conveying unit 2 are used to convey domestic waste and kitchen waste, respectively. In one example, both the first conveying unit 1 and the second conveying unit 2 can be screw conveyors. The screw conveyors use a closed conveying system and are connected to other subsystems through an exhaust gas interface to prevent odor leakage. More preferably, the downstream subsystem (pyrolysis furnace) connected to the screw conveyor is controlled by a primary air fan. The screw conveyor can also create a certain negative pressure inside the screw conveyor by connecting the exhaust gas interface to the downstream subsystem, further preventing odor overflow.

[0024] The drying subsystem 3 has its inlet connected to the outlet of the second conveying unit 2. The kitchen waste transported by the second conveying unit 2 is processed by the drying subsystem 3, reducing its moisture content to the level required for furnace entry. In one example, the drying subsystem 3 can be a rotary dryer. The rotary dryer adopts a double-shell structure with an outer jacket and an inner cylinder. The outer jacket serves as the outer shell of the double-shell structure, through which high-temperature flue gas or a heat medium is introduced. Heat exchange is indirectly conducted between the jacket wall and the inner cylinder, reducing heat loss. Through the designated flue gas inlet and outlet, the high-temperature flue gas circulates within the outer jacket, thereby uniformly heating the inner cylinder and avoiding local overheating or uneven heat distribution. The inner cylinder directly contacts the wet material, and rotation causes the material to tumble and scatter, increasing the contact area with the hot flue gas. The jacket is equipped with fins, flue gas inlets and outlets, and temperature interfaces. More preferably, the outer wall of the outer jacket is wrapped with insulation cotton to further reduce heat loss and improve energy utilization. Fins are welded to the surface of the inner cylinder, increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the inner cylinder, improving the heat transfer efficiency between the inner cylinder and the food waste, and shortening the drying time. Specifically, during operation, the rotary dryer dehydrates the food waste to the required moisture content through interlocking control of its internal temperature and flue gas inlet valves.

[0025] The pyrolysis subsystem 4 has its inlet connected to the outlets of the first conveying unit 1 and the drying subsystem 3, respectively. In one example, the pyrolysis subsystem 4 includes a pyrolysis furnace and a water-cooled slag remover connected to the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a rotating grate. During system operation, municipal solid waste and kitchen waste enter the pyrolysis furnace through the conveying unit. The mixed waste is pyrolyzed using a pyrolysis process. The rotating grate rotates the internal materials and removes coke. Then, the water-cooled slag remover cools and discharges the coke from the pyrolysis furnace. Optionally, the pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a temperature detection unit, a pressure detection unit, an ignition device, a safety valve, and a high-temperature fan. Specifically, during operation, the pyrolysis furnace uses top feeding control to mix municipal solid waste and kitchen waste in a specific ratio. The bottom uses a rotating grate and a certain amount of air is introduced to control the temperature of each layer inside the furnace to meet the pyrolysis operating conditions.

[0026] The condensing subsystem 5 has its inlet connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis subsystem 4, and its outlet connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis subsystem 4. In one example, the condensing subsystem 5 can be a vaporization condenser. The oil and gas generated by the pyrolysis subsystem 4 are fed into the vaporization condenser, which condenses the tar in the oil and gas and then returns it to the pyrolysis subsystem 4 for further pyrolysis. Specifically, during operation, the vaporization condenser controls the temperature of the combustible gas at 60~80℃ through interlocking of the combustible gas outlet temperature and the circulating water inlet valve, condensing the tar in the oil and gas and preventing excessive tar from entering the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 (described later) and clogging equipment, burners, valves, and pipelines.

[0027] The secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 has its inlet connected to the outlet of the condenser subsystem 5. It uses the combustible gas output from the condenser subsystem 5 as fuel for secondary combustion. This combustion not only reduces environmental pollution but also utilizes the calorific value of the gas, improving energy efficiency. The combustible gas is burned to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the released heat serves as the heat source for the entire system, such as for the drying subsystem 3. Furthermore, the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 can also use diesel fuel for combustion assistance, increasing the system's calorific value and serving as a heat source for other subsystems. Optionally, a cyclone dust collector 9 is also included. The inlet of the cyclone dust collector 9 is connected to the outlet of the condenser subsystem 5, and the outlet of the cyclone dust collector 9 is connected to the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6. The cyclone dust collector removes dust and coke from the combustible gas, reducing the dust content in the flue gas.

[0028] The waste heat utilization subsystem 7 is connected at one end to the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 and at the other end to the drying subsystem 3. It transports part of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 to the drying subsystem 3 as a heat source for the rotary drying of kitchen waste, removing some of the moisture from the kitchen waste. It also includes a heat exchanger 10, with the hot end of the heat exchanger 10 connected to the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 and the cold end connected to the domestic water subsystem. Part of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 passes through the heat exchanger 10 to produce hot water for use in domestic facilities.

[0029] The flue gas treatment subsystem 8 has its inlet connected to the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6, and treats the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 to meet emission standards.

[0030] In one example, the flue gas treatment subsystem 8 includes a quench tower 801, a desulfurization tower 802, a bag filter 803, and an activated carbon adsorber 804 connected in sequence. The quench tower 801 rapidly cools the flue gas to below 200°C to prevent dioxin generation; the desulfurization tower 802 removes sulfur dioxide from the flue gas; the bag filter 803 removes large particulate dust from the flue gas; and the activated carbon adsorber 804 adsorbs small amounts of dioxins and heavy metals from the flue gas.

[0031] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] ① For specific scenarios where the cost of transporting and processing household waste is high or where direct combustion is not permitted due to stringent environmental requirements, household waste and kitchen waste can be treated efficiently and in synergistically through pyrolysis to reduce pollutant generation;

[0033] ② The flue gas generated by the pyrolysis subsystem 4 is transported to the drying subsystem 3, and the residual heat of the flue gas is used to remove the moisture from the kitchen waste, thereby reducing the amount of subsequent pyrolysis gas and flue gas production, thus reducing energy consumption and equipment investment.

[0034] ③ The condensation subsystem 5 is used to condense the tar in the pyrolysis oil and gas back into the furnace, reducing the probability of tar clogging the equipment and pipelines, and avoiding problems such as incomplete pyrolysis of tar in the pyrolysis subsystem 4.

[0035] ④ The waste heat utilization subsystem 7 is used to use the excess heat generated by the combustion of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem 6 to produce domestic hot water;

[0036] ⑥ Adopt multi-stage flue gas treatment facilities to treat flue gas to meet emission standards.

[0037] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the content of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste, characterized in that, include: The first conveying unit and the second conveying unit are used to convey household waste and kitchen waste, respectively. The drying subsystem has its inlet connected to the outlet of the second conveying unit; The pyrolysis subsystem has its inlet connected to the outlet of the first conveying unit and the drying subsystem, respectively. The condenser subsystem has its inlet connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis subsystem and its outlet connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis subsystem. The inlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem is connected to the outlet of the condenser subsystem. The waste heat utilization subsystem has one end connected to the secondary combustion chamber subsystem and the other end connected to the drying subsystem. The flue gas treatment subsystem has its inlet connected to the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem.

2. The miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pyrolysis subsystem includes a pyrolysis furnace and a water-cooled slag discharge machine connected to the pyrolysis furnace.

3. The miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a rotating grate inside.

4. The miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cyclone dust collector, the air inlet of which is connected to the air outlet of the condensation subsystem, and the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the air inlet of the secondary combustion chamber subsystem.

5. The miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchanger, the hot end of which is connected to the secondary combustion chamber subsystem and the cold end of which is connected to the domestic water subsystem.

6. The miniaturized co-processing system for organic solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas treatment subsystem includes a quench tower, a deacidification tower, a bag filter, and an activated carbon adsorber connected in sequence.

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