Crude oil vacuum degassing intelligent control system based on real-time data processing

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of data processing, in particular to a crude oil vacuum degassing intelligent control system based on real-time data processing, which is provided with a degassing analysis module used for acquiring degassing data of raw materials to extract degassing state characteristics of the raw materials and calculating degassing stability characterization values of the raw materials based on the degassing state characteristics, the degassing stability degree categories of the corresponding raw material degassing processes are divided; the analysis calling module is used for selectively calling the degassing evaluation module or the conventional adjustment module according to the degassing stability degree category, predicting a flash point value at a preset prediction frequency, and adaptively evaluating and analyzing the degassing of the raw material; the response early warning module responds to the judgment result of the degassing evaluation module and sends out an early warning prompt signal, through the reliable safety monitoring process, the efficiency of the crude oil vacuum degassing process is improved, potential safety risks can be recognized in advance, and therefore production safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data processing, and in particular to an intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing. Background Technology

[0002] Crude oil typically contains a certain amount of gaseous impurities. During crude oil processing, vacuum degassing technology can not only improve crude oil quality and processing efficiency, but also help improve product quality and storage stability, meeting the needs of crude oil storage and transportation. At the same time, as a key pretreatment step in crude oil processing, vacuum degassing aims to remove light hydrocarbon components and dissolved gases from crude oil to reduce the risk of explosion in subsequent distillation processes, improve equipment safety, and optimize product quality. By introducing an intelligent detection and control system, real-time data processing technology can be used to monitor the crude oil vacuum degassing process in real time and respond to safety risks promptly, improving degassing efficiency while identifying potential safety risks in advance.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN112213267A discloses a headspace degassing method and apparatus for an oil-immersed device. This method involves obtaining a cooling oil sample from the oil-immersed device, degassing the sample to obtain a test gas sample, and measuring the concentration of a characteristic gas in the test gas sample using a photoacoustic spectroscopy device. Based on the concentration of the characteristic gas, the method determines the operational fault of the oil-immersed device. This enables the headspace degassing device to acquire sampling data in real time and predict operational faults based on the concentration of the characteristic gas, thus preventing damage to the oil-immersed device. Simultaneously, the degassing device in the degassing unit agitates the cooling oil sample within a preset liquid level, allowing the test gas sample to exit the degassing unit within a target degassing time, thereby improving the detection speed.

[0004] However, the following problems still exist in the existing technology. Data acquisition during the crude oil vacuum degassing process suffers from data silos. For example, vacuum level and temperature data are collected independently, lacking multi-source data fusion analysis. Furthermore, flash point fluctuations occur during the process, causing nonlinear fluctuations in degassing efficiency and generating corresponding safety risks. This not only reduces degassing efficiency but also results in insufficient timely response and early warning of safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this, the present invention provides an intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing, which overcomes the problem of data silos in the existing technology for crude oil vacuum degassing process. Related data are collected independently, lacking multi-source data fusion analysis. Furthermore, there are flash point fluctuations in the process, which cause nonlinear fluctuations in degassing efficiency and generate corresponding safety risks. This not only leads to a reduction in degassing efficiency but also results in insufficient timely response and early warning of safety risks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing, comprising: The degassing analysis module is used to acquire degassing data of raw materials, extract the degassing state characteristics of the raw materials, calculate the degassing stability characterization value of the raw materials based on the degassing state characteristics, and classify the degassing stability category of the corresponding raw material degassing process. The analysis and call module is used to select the degassing evaluation module or the regular adjustment module to call according to the degassing stability category, and to predict the flash point value at a predetermined prediction frequency to evaluate and analyze the degassing of the raw material. The degassing assessment module is used to identify the liquid surface state characteristics of the raw material degassing process, determine whether the raw material degassing process meets the degassing equilibrium benchmark, obtain the vacuum gradient deviation value and the gas flow rate at the degassing port to determine whether the raw material degassing process has entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage, obtain the flash point fluctuation characteristics of the gas-liquid imbalance stage and combine them with the temperature rise rate to assess the degassing risk tendency characterization parameters of the raw material to determine whether there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process. A routine adjustment module is used to adjust the predicted frequency of the flash point based on the degassing stability characterization value; The response warning module issues a warning signal in response to the determination result of the degassing assessment module; The degassing state characteristics include the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio and the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment; the liquid surface state characteristics include the liquid surface foam layer coverage area and the foam increase rate; and the flash point fluctuation characteristics include the predicted flash point offset value and the corresponding offset duration.

[0007] Furthermore, the degassing analysis module is used to calculate the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material, including: The ratio of the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio threshold to the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio is used as the first degassing stability feature. The ratio of the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment to the maximum temperature difference threshold is used as the second degassing stability characteristic; The sum of the first degassing stability feature and the second degassing stability feature is used as the degassing stability characterization value.

[0008] Furthermore, the degassing analysis module is used to classify the degassing stability of the corresponding raw material degassing process into categories, including: If the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material is greater than or equal to the degassing stability characterization threshold, the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to be of the weak degassing stability category. If the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material is less than the degassing stability characterization threshold, the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to be of the strong degassing stability category.

[0009] Furthermore, the analysis invocation module is used to select whether to invoke the degassing assessment module or the routine adjustment module, including: If the raw material degassing process is classified as weakly stable, then select to call the degassing assessment module; If the raw material degassing process is in the strongly stable degassing category, then select to call the regular adjustment module.

[0010] Furthermore, the degassing assessment module is used to determine whether the raw material degassing process meets the degassing equilibrium benchmark, including: If the area covered by the foam layer on the liquid surface is greater than the threshold for the area covered by the foam layer on the liquid surface or / and the foam increase rate is greater than the threshold for the foam increase rate, then the raw material degassing process is determined to be inconsistent with the degassing equilibrium benchmark.

[0011] Furthermore, the degassing assessment module is used to determine whether the raw material degassing process has entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage, including: If the vacuum gradient deviation value is greater than the gradient deviation threshold and the gas flow rate at the degassing port is greater than the gas flow rate threshold at the degassing port, then the raw material degassing process is determined to have entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage.

[0012] Furthermore, the degassing assessment module is used to assess the degassing risk tendency characterization parameters of the raw material, including: The sum of the ratio of the predicted flash point offset value to the predicted flash point offset threshold and the ratio of the offset duration to the offset duration threshold is used as the first degassing risk feature. The ratio of the temperature rise rate to the temperature rise rate threshold is used as the second degassing risk characteristic. The first degassing risk feature and the second degassing risk feature are weighted and summed to determine the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter.

[0013] Furthermore, the degassing assessment module is used to determine whether there are any safety risks in the raw material degassing process, including: If the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter of the raw material is greater than or equal to the threshold of the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter, then the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to have a safety risk.

[0014] Furthermore, the conventional adjustment module is used to adjust the flash point prediction frequency based on the degassing stability characterization value, including: The predicted frequency of flash point is positively correlated with the degassing stability characterization value.

[0015] Furthermore, the response warning module is used to generate a warning signal, including: If the degassing assessment module determines that there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process, it will issue an early warning signal.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention includes a degassing analysis module to acquire degassing data of raw materials, extract degassing state characteristics, calculate degassing stability characterization values ​​based on these characteristics, and classify the degassing stability level of the corresponding raw material degassing process; an analysis and invocation module to select and invoke either the degassing assessment module or the conventional adjustment module according to the degassing stability level category, predict flash point values ​​at a predetermined prediction frequency, and adaptively evaluate and analyze the degassing of raw materials; and a response and early warning module to issue early warning signals in response to the judgment results of the degassing assessment module. This invention improves the efficiency of crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring process and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0017] In particular, this invention, based on the importance of removing light hydrocarbons from crude oil, addresses the issue of high volatility of light hydrocarbons, which can easily lead to pressure fluctuations in the degassing equipment during subsequent distillation. It proposes to assess degassing efficiency by monitoring the transfer of light hydrocarbons from the liquid phase to the gas phase. The main purpose of light hydrocarbon removal is to reduce the vapor pressure of crude oil and stabilize its properties, thereby reducing process fluctuations and safety risks. This invention further incorporates the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment to reflect temperature uniformity. Temperature uniformity is a key foundation for stable light hydrocarbon removal, preventing insufficient or excessive degassing in certain areas and ensuring a smooth and efficient degassing process. Furthermore, fluctuations in the light hydrocarbon content of crude oil directly affect product stability. Therefore, this invention, considering the above factors, calculates the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material based on its degassing state characteristics. This quantifies the stability of the raw material's degassing state and provides data support for subsequent classification of the raw material's degassing stability. This invention improves the efficiency of the crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring procedure and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0018] In particular, this invention includes a degassing assessment module that monitors the liquid surface state in real time for raw material degassing processes with weak stability. During the degassing process, bubbles formed when light hydrocarbons transfer from the liquid phase to the gas phase, if they accumulate at the gas-liquid interface and fail to burst in time, easily form a stable foam layer at the gas-liquid interface. This foam layer blocks bubble bursting, prolongs the residence time of gas in the liquid phase, reduces the escape efficiency of light hydrocarbons, and leads to incomplete removal of light hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the foam layer may even encapsulate unremoved light hydrocarbons, affecting subsequent processes and introducing unstable components. In addition, the foam layer, based on its porous structure, generates a heat insulation effect, reducing the heat of the heater. The foam layer occupies an effective area for gas-liquid contact, further inhibiting the generation and release of new bubbles. At the same time, the rate of foam increase affects the thickness of the foam layer, thereby increasing the gas phase flow resistance to a greater extent, delaying the escape of light hydrocarbons, and causing local pressure fluctuations through the gas release when the foam bursts, thus weakening the effective driving force of vacuum degassing. Therefore, this invention determines whether the process meets the degassing equilibrium benchmark based on the liquid surface state characteristics presented in the raw material degassing process. This invention improves the efficiency of crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring process, and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0019] In particular, this invention assesses the vacuum status of the degassing equipment and the changes in gas flow rate at the degassing port, based on the premise that the raw material degassing process deviates from the degassing equilibrium benchmark. Under normal circumstances, the vacuum gradient difference inside the degassing equipment is relatively stable. The deviation of the vacuum gradient can reflect the degree of disorder in the pressure distribution inside the degassing equipment. For example, if the vacuum gradient difference is too large, the liquid phase is carried to the top of the degassing equipment by the gas, the gas flow rate increases, and flooding occurs, which not only reduces the degassing efficiency but may also block subsequent pipelines. A sudden decrease in the vacuum gradient and a sharp drop in flow rate may be due to the bursting of bubbles after local overheating and boiling of the liquid phase, resulting in instantaneous depressurization of the gas. Thus, it can be determined whether the raw material degassing process has entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage. This invention improves the efficiency of crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring process and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0020] In particular, flash point, as an indicator of the volatility and flammability of light components in the liquid phase, is the lowest temperature at which the vapor emitted by the oil mixes with air to form a flammable mixture. The higher the content of light components in the crude oil, the stronger the volatility, the lower the flash point, and the higher the flammability risk. Therefore, predicting the flash point during the degassing process is necessary. This not only poses a risk of pressure control failure but also affects degassing efficiency and product quality. Comparing the measured flash point with the predicted flash point determines the deviation of the predicted flash point and its corresponding duration. Specifically: if the flash point continuously deviates negatively, it indicates a sudden increase in the volatilization of light hydrocarbons, which may lead to pressure runaway within the degassing equipment. For example, if the vacuum cannot be maintained or there is overpressure, it may trigger the safety valve to trip or even cause the equipment to explode. If the flash point continuously deviates positively, it indicates an increase in the content of heavy components. The viscosity of the raw material may increase, leading to increased liquid flow resistance during degassing and causing fluctuations in the liquid level within the equipment, indirectly affecting the stability of the gas phase pressure. The thermal stability of the raw material degassing process is quantified by considering the temperature rise rate. If the temperature rise rate is too fast, it may cause sudden volatilization of light components, rapidly exceeding the explosion limit of flammable gas concentration in the gas phase, or temporarily lowering the flash point of the liquid phase due to accelerated volatilization caused by temperature rise. Therefore, this invention calculates the raw material degassing risk tendency characterization value based on the above considerations to characterize the degree of safety risk tendency in the raw material degassing process after entering the gas-liquid imbalance stage, thereby determining whether there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process. This invention improves the efficiency of crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring process and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thus ensuring production safety. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of the intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing, as described in an embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 A logic decision diagram for classifying the degassing stability of the corresponding raw material degassing process in the embodiments of the invention; Figure 3 A logic decision diagram for selecting to call the degassing assessment module or the conventional adjustment module in an embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 This is a logic diagram for determining whether there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process, as shown in the embodiments of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 The diagram shown is a functional block diagram of the intelligent crude oil vacuum degassing control system based on real-time data processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. The intelligent crude oil vacuum degassing control system based on real-time data processing according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: The degassing analysis module is used to acquire degassing data of raw materials, extract the degassing state characteristics of the raw materials, calculate the degassing stability characterization value of the raw materials based on the degassing state characteristics, and classify the degassing stability category of the corresponding raw material degassing process. The analysis and call module is connected to the degassing analysis module and is used to select and call the degassing evaluation module or the regular adjustment module according to the degassing stability category, predict the flash point value at a predetermined prediction frequency, and evaluate and analyze the degassing of the raw material. The degassing assessment module, which is connected to the analysis and call module, is used to identify the liquid surface state characteristics of the raw material degassing process, determine whether the raw material degassing process meets the degassing equilibrium benchmark, obtain the vacuum gradient deviation value and the gas flow rate at the degassing port to determine whether the raw material degassing process has entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage, obtain the flash point fluctuation characteristics of the gas-liquid imbalance stage and combine them with the temperature rise rate to assess the degassing risk tendency characterization parameters of the raw material to determine whether there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process. A routine adjustment module, which is connected to the analysis and call module, is used to adjust the predicted frequency of the flash point based on the degassing stability characterization value; The response warning module is connected to the degassing assessment module and issues a warning signal in response to the judgment result of the degassing assessment module. The degassing state characteristics include the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio and the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment; the liquid surface state characteristics include the liquid surface foam layer coverage area and the foam increase rate; and the flash point fluctuation characteristics include the predicted flash point offset value and the corresponding offset duration.

[0027] Specifically, the degassing data includes the degassing state characteristics of the raw material, the liquid level state characteristics of the raw material degassing process, the vacuum gradient deviation value, the gas flow rate at the degassing port, the flash point fluctuation characteristics, and the temperature rise rate, etc., wherein the raw material is crude oil, and the degassing equipment refers to a special device used to separate and remove dissolved natural gas (such as light hydrocarbon components such as methane and ethane) and non-hydrocarbon gases (such as CO2 and H2S) from crude oil, for example, a vacuum flash evaporation device.

[0028] Specifically, the specific structure of the vacuum flash evaporation equipment is not limited. It mainly includes a vacuum flash evaporation chamber and a condensation system. The raw materials to be processed are flashed in the vacuum flash evaporation chamber to remove dissolved gases. The evaporated liquid is collected by the condensation system. The evaporated gases are discharged through the degassing port and then collected. Those skilled in the art can select the corresponding vacuum flash evaporation equipment according to their needs. This is the prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0029] Specifically, there are no restrictions on the acquisition of relevant temperature data. For example, temperature sensors that meet the application environment can be installed at several points on the inner wall of the vacuum flash chamber to monitor the temperature and obtain the maximum temperature difference at each point. The rate of temperature rise can be determined by calculating the average temperature at each point as the temperature at a single moment, and then determining the rate of temperature rise based on the temperature at each moment. This will not be elaborated further.

[0030] Specifically, the determination of the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio is not limited. It can be obtained by a sensor installed at the degassing port of the degassing equipment to monitor the content of the corresponding light hydrocarbon components, and then the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio can be calculated and determined. The light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio is the ratio of the light hydrocarbon component content in the gas phase to the light hydrocarbon component content in the initial liquid phase.

[0031] Specifically, there are no specific limitations on the method of obtaining liquid surface state characteristics. Liquid surface images can be obtained by deploying image acquisition devices, the area covered by the foam layer on the liquid surface can be identified, and the rate of increase of the foam layer coverage area can be determined as the foam increase rate, so as to reflect the thickness of foam accumulation and thus have a corresponding impact on gas phase flow resistance and light hydrocarbon escape.

[0032] Specifically, there are no specific limitations on the method of obtaining the vacuum degree. It can be monitored by a vacuum degree sensor to obtain the vacuum degree value. The vacuum degree sensor can be deployed in a gradient and evenly distributed along the vertical direction of the vacuum degassing chamber in the degassing equipment to avoid monitoring blind spots. Of course, other methods can also be used to obtain the vacuum degree, which will not be elaborated here.

[0033] In this embodiment, the vacuum degree corresponding to several gradients is obtained, the average vacuum degree is determined, and the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the vacuum degrees corresponding to any two adjacent gradients to the average vacuum degree is taken as the vacuum degree gradient deviation value. This will not be elaborated further.

[0034] Specifically, there are no specific limitations on the detection method for the gas flow rate at the degassing port. The gas flow rate can be measured by installing a flow rate sensor at the degassing port of the degassing equipment, which will not be elaborated further.

[0035] Specifically, there are no specific limitations on the method for determining the flash point fluctuation characteristics (predicted flash point offset value and corresponding offset duration). A deep learning-driven flash point prediction module can be pre-built. For example, a mapping relationship between crude oil components, process parameters and flash point can be established based on an LSTM network. That is, under the corresponding crude oil components, real-time process parameters, including component, temperature and pressure data, are input. Based on the mapping relationship, the mapped flash point value can be determined, and thus the predicted flash point value can be obtained.

[0036] In this embodiment, the difference between the measured flash point value and the predicted flash point value is used as the predicted flash point offset value. A gas chromatograph can be installed on the straight pipe section of the gas outlet at the top of the degassing equipment to determine the measured flash point value by whether the content of light components changes and the temperature corresponding to the point where the change occurs. It is understandable that the offset duration refers to the cumulative time of the flash point's continuous offset. The offset value at each time point is recorded to determine the offset duration, which will not be elaborated further.

[0037] Specifically, there are no restrictions on the specific structure of the degassing analysis module, analysis call module, degassing evaluation module, routine adjustment module, and response early warning module. Each module or its units can be composed of logic components or combinations of logic components. Logic components include field-programmable processors, computers, or microprocessors in computers.

[0038] Specifically, the degassing analysis module is used to calculate the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material, including: The ratio of the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio threshold to the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio is used as the first degassing stability feature. The ratio of the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment to the maximum temperature difference threshold is used as the second degassing stability characteristic; The sum of the first degassing stability feature and the second degassing stability feature is used as the degassing stability characterization value.

[0039] In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio threshold and the maximum temperature difference threshold is to characterize the low stability of the raw material degassing state. By acquiring historical degassing data of several times the same degassing equipment completes the raw material vacuum degassing process, calling the historical data of the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio and the historical data of the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment, the average value of the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio and the average value of the maximum temperature difference are calculated, and the corresponding values ​​are used as the benchmark quantities under normal conditions. Based on the purpose of setting the above two thresholds, the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio threshold is determined as the product of the average light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio and the transfer deviation coefficient, and the maximum temperature difference threshold is determined as the product of the average maximum temperature difference and the first offset coefficient. The transfer deviation coefficient is selected in the interval [0.9, 0.95], and the first offset coefficient is selected in the interval [1.1, 1.15].

[0040] Specifically, this invention addresses the importance of removing light hydrocarbons from crude oil. Given the high volatility of light hydrocarbons and their tendency to cause pressure fluctuations in degassing equipment during subsequent distillation, this invention proposes a method to assess degassing efficiency by monitoring the transfer of light hydrocarbons from the liquid phase to the gas phase. The main purpose of light hydrocarbon removal is to reduce the vapor pressure of crude oil, stabilize its properties, and thus reduce process fluctuations and safety risks. This invention further incorporates the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment to indirectly reflect temperature uniformity. Temperature uniformity is a key foundation for the stable removal of light hydrocarbons, preventing insufficient degassing or excessive vaporization in certain areas and ensuring a smooth and efficient degassing process. Furthermore, fluctuations in the light hydrocarbon content of crude oil directly affect product stability. Therefore, this invention, considering the above factors, calculates the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material based on its degassing state characteristics. This quantifies the stability of the raw material's degassing state and provides data support for subsequent classification of the raw material's degassing stability. This invention improves the efficiency of the crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring procedure and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0041] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, this is a logic diagram for classifying the degassing stability of the corresponding raw material degassing process according to an embodiment of the present invention. The degassing analysis module is used to classify the degassing stability of the corresponding raw material degassing process, including: If the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material is greater than or equal to the degassing stability characterization threshold, the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to be of the weak degassing stability category. If the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material is less than the degassing stability characterization threshold, the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to be of the strong degassing stability category.

[0042] The degassing stability characterization threshold is selected within the range [2.08, 2.14].

[0043] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, this is a logic decision diagram for selecting to call the degassing assessment module or the conventional adjustment module in an embodiment of the present invention. The analysis and call module is used to select to call the degassing assessment module or the conventional adjustment module, including: If the raw material degassing process is classified as weakly stable, then select to call the degassing assessment module; If the raw material degassing process is in the strongly stable degassing category, then select to call the regular adjustment module.

[0044] Specifically, the degassing assessment module is used to determine whether the raw material degassing process meets the degassing equilibrium benchmark, including: If the area covered by the foam layer on the liquid surface is greater than the threshold for the area covered by the foam layer on the liquid surface or / and the foam increase rate is greater than the threshold for the foam increase rate, then the raw material degassing process is determined to be inconsistent with the degassing equilibrium benchmark.

[0045] In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the threshold for the liquid surface foam layer coverage area and the threshold for the foam increase rate is to characterize the situation where the degree of obstruction to the raw material degassing is relatively large. By acquiring historical degassing data of the same degassing equipment completing the raw material vacuum degassing process several times, the historical data of the liquid surface foam layer coverage area and the historical data of the foam increase rate are called to solve for the average liquid surface foam layer coverage area and the average foam increase rate, and the corresponding values ​​are used as the benchmark values ​​under normal conditions. Based on the purpose of setting the above two thresholds, the liquid surface foam layer area threshold is determined as the product of the average liquid surface foam layer area and the area deviation coefficient, and the foam increase rate threshold is determined as the product of the average foam increase rate and the second offset coefficient. The area deviation coefficient is selected in the interval [1.15, 1.2], and the second offset coefficient is selected in the interval [1.1, 1.15].

[0046] Specifically, this invention includes a degassing assessment module that monitors the liquid surface state in real time for raw material degassing processes classified as weakly stable. During degassing, bubbles formed when light hydrocarbons transfer from the liquid phase to the gas phase, if they accumulate at the gas-liquid interface and fail to burst in time, easily form a stable foam layer at the gas-liquid interface. This foam layer blocks bubble bursting, prolongs the residence time of gas in the liquid phase, reduces the escape efficiency of light hydrocarbons, and leads to incomplete removal of light hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the foam layer may encapsulate unremoved light hydrocarbons, affecting subsequent processes and introducing unstable components. In addition, the foam layer, based on its porous structure, provides a heat insulation effect, reducing the heater's... The foam layer occupies an effective area for gas-liquid contact, which further inhibits the generation and release of new bubbles. At the same time, the rate of foam increase affects the thickness of the foam layer, thereby increasing the gas phase flow resistance to a greater extent, delaying the escape of light hydrocarbons, and causing local pressure fluctuations through the gas release when the foam bursts, thus weakening the effective driving force of vacuum degassing. Therefore, this invention determines whether the process meets the degassing equilibrium benchmark based on the liquid surface state characteristics presented in the raw material degassing process. This invention improves the efficiency of crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring process, and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0047] Specifically, the degassing assessment module is used to determine whether the raw material degassing process has entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage, including: If the vacuum gradient deviation value is greater than the gradient deviation threshold and the gas flow rate at the degassing port is greater than the gas flow rate threshold at the degassing port, then the raw material degassing process is determined to have entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage.

[0048] In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the gradient deviation threshold and the gas flow rate threshold at the degassing port is to characterize the situation where the degassing process is unstable and severely unbalanced. By acquiring historical degassing data of several times the same degassing equipment completes the raw material vacuum degassing process, historical data of vacuum gradient deviation value and historical data of gas flow rate at the degassing port are called to solve for the average gradient deviation value and the average gas flow rate at the degassing port, and the corresponding values ​​are used as the benchmark values ​​under normal conditions. Based on the purpose of setting the above two thresholds, the gradient deviation threshold is determined to be the product of the average gradient deviation value and the gradient deviation coefficient, and the gas flow rate threshold at the degassing port is determined to be the product of the average gas flow rate at the degassing port and the flow rate deviation coefficient. The gradient deviation coefficient is selected in the interval [1.05, 1.1], and the flow rate deviation coefficient is selected in the interval [1.1, 1.15].

[0049] Specifically, this invention assesses the vacuum status of the degassing equipment and the changes in gas flow rate at the degassing port, based on the premise that the raw material degassing process deviates from the degassing equilibrium benchmark. Under normal circumstances, the vacuum gradient difference inside the degassing equipment is relatively stable. The deviation of the vacuum gradient can reflect the degree of disorder in the pressure distribution inside the degassing equipment. For example, if the vacuum gradient difference is too large, the liquid phase is carried to the top of the degassing equipment by the gas, the gas flow rate increases, and flooding occurs, which not only reduces the degassing efficiency but may also block subsequent pipelines. A sudden decrease in the vacuum gradient and a sharp drop in flow rate may be due to the bursting of bubbles after local overheating and boiling of the liquid phase, resulting in instantaneous depressurization of the gas. Thus, it can be determined whether the raw material degassing process has entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage. This invention improves the efficiency of crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring process and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0050] Specifically, the degassing assessment module is used to assess the degassing risk tendency characterization parameters of the raw material, including: The sum of the ratio of the predicted flash point offset value to the predicted flash point offset threshold and the ratio of the offset duration to the offset duration threshold is used as the first degassing risk feature. The ratio of the temperature rise rate to the temperature rise rate threshold is used as the second degassing risk characteristic. The first degassing risk feature and the second degassing risk feature are weighted and summed to determine the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter.

[0051] Specifically, in practice, the deviation of the measured flash point from the predicted flash point can directly reflect the degree of volatility of light hydrocarbons. Its abnormality will immediately trigger pressure runaway or explosion risk, while the influence of the temperature rise rate is relatively indirect. Therefore, in implementation, the flash point fluctuation characteristics during the gas-liquid imbalance stage are given priority, that is, the predicted flash point deviation value and the corresponding deviation duration. Therefore, the first degassing risk characteristic calculated based on the flash point fluctuation characteristics is given a slightly higher weight. Therefore, when performing weighted summation, the weight of the first degassing risk characteristic is set to 0.6, and the weight of the second degassing risk characteristic is set to 0.4. In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the predicted flash point offset threshold, offset duration threshold, and temperature rise rate threshold is to characterize situations where the raw material degassing process has a high tendency to pose a safety risk. By acquiring historical degassing data of several times the same degassing equipment completes the raw material vacuum degassing process, the historical data of predicted flash point offset value, the corresponding historical data of offset duration, and the historical data of temperature rise rate are called to solve for the average predicted flash point offset, the average offset duration, and the average temperature rise rate, and these are used as the benchmark quantities under normal conditions. Based on the purpose of setting the above three thresholds, the predicted flash point offset threshold is determined as the product of the average predicted flash point offset and the first deviation coefficient, the offset duration threshold is determined as the product of the average offset duration and the second deviation coefficient, and the temperature rise rate threshold is determined as the product of the average temperature rise rate and the third deviation coefficient. The first deviation coefficient is selected in the interval [1.15, 1.2], the second deviation coefficient is selected in the interval [1.2, 1.25], and the third deviation coefficient is selected in the interval [1.1, 1.15].

[0052] Specifically, flash point, as an indicator of the volatility and flammability of light components in the liquid phase, is the lowest temperature at which the vapor emitted by the oil mixes with air to form a combustible mixture. The higher the content of light components in the crude oil, the stronger the volatility, the lower the flash point, and the higher the flammability risk. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the flash point during the degassing process, as this not only poses a risk of pressure control failure but also affects the degassing efficiency and product quality. By comparing the measured flash point with the predicted flash point, the deviation of the predicted flash point and its corresponding duration can be determined. Specifically: if the flash point continues to deviate negatively (the measured flash point is lower than the predicted flash point), it indicates a sudden increase in the volatilization of light hydrocarbons, which may lead to uncontrolled pressure in the degassing equipment. For example, if the vacuum cannot be maintained or there is overpressure, it may trigger the safety valve to trip or even cause the equipment to burst. If the flash point continues to deviate positively (the measured flash point is higher than the predicted flash point), it indicates an increase in the content of heavy components, which may increase the viscosity of the raw material. This increases the liquid phase flow resistance during the degassing process, causing fluctuations in the liquid level in the equipment and indirectly affecting the stability of the gas phase pressure. By combining the temperature rise rate with the quantification of the thermal stability of the feedstock degassing process, if the temperature rise rate is too fast, it may cause sudden volatilization of light components, causing the concentration of flammable gases in the gas phase to rapidly exceed the explosion limit, or the liquid phase flash point to be temporarily lowered due to accelerated volatilization caused by temperature rise. Therefore, based on the above considerations, this invention calculates the feedstock degassing risk tendency characterization value to characterize the degree of safety risk tendency of the feedstock degassing process after entering the gas-liquid imbalance stage, and then determines whether there is a safety risk in the feedstock degassing process. This invention improves the efficiency of crude oil vacuum degassing process through a reliable safety monitoring process, and can identify potential safety risks in advance, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0053] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4As shown, this is a logic diagram for determining whether there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process according to an embodiment of the present invention. The degassing assessment module is used to determine whether there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process, including: If the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter of the raw material is greater than or equal to the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter threshold, then the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to have a safety risk. If the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter of the raw material is less than the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter threshold, it is determined that there is no safety risk in the corresponding raw material degassing process.

[0054] The threshold for the degassing risk tendency parameter is selected within the range [1.67, 1.72].

[0055] Specifically, the conventional adjustment module is used to adjust the flash point prediction frequency based on the degassing stability characterization value, including: The predicted frequency of flash point is positively correlated with the degassing stability characterization value.

[0056] In this embodiment, optionally, The degassing stability characterization value is compared with the preset first degassing stability characterization comparison threshold and the second degassing stability characterization comparison threshold. When the degassing stability characterization value is greater than the second degassing stability characterization comparison threshold, the prediction frequency of the flash point is determined as the first prediction frequency, which is set to be 1.5 times the predetermined prediction frequency. When the degassing stability characterization value is greater than or equal to the first degassing stability characterization comparison threshold and less than or equal to the second degassing stability characterization comparison threshold, the flash point prediction frequency is determined to be the second prediction frequency, and the second prediction frequency is set to be 1.3 times the predetermined prediction frequency. When the degassing stability characterization value is less than the first degassing stability characterization comparison threshold, the prediction frequency of the flash point is determined to be the third prediction frequency, which is set to be 1.2 times the predetermined prediction frequency. Among them, the first degassing stability characterization comparison threshold is 1.1 times the degassing stability characterization threshold, and the second degassing stability characterization comparison threshold is 1.3 times the degassing stability characterization threshold; Specifically, regarding the determination of the predetermined prediction frequency, in order to ensure the safety of the raw material degassing process, the prediction frequency should not be too high. Based on this, in this embodiment, the predetermined prediction frequency is set to 10 min / time, which will not be elaborated further.

[0057] Specifically, the response warning module is used to generate a warning signal, including: If the degassing assessment module determines that there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process, it will issue an early warning signal.

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crude oil vacuum degassing intelligent control system based on real-time data processing, characterized in that, include: The degassing analysis module is used to acquire degassing data of raw materials, extract the degassing state characteristics of the raw materials, calculate the degassing stability characterization value of the raw materials based on the degassing state characteristics, and classify the degassing stability category of the corresponding raw material degassing process. The analysis and call module is used to select the degassing evaluation module or the regular adjustment module to call according to the degassing stability category, and to predict the flash point value at a predetermined prediction frequency to evaluate and analyze the degassing of the raw material. The degassing assessment module is used to identify the liquid surface state characteristics of the raw material degassing process, determine whether the raw material degassing process meets the degassing equilibrium benchmark, obtain the vacuum gradient deviation value and the gas flow rate at the degassing port to determine whether the raw material degassing process has entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage, obtain the flash point fluctuation characteristics of the gas-liquid imbalance stage and combine them with the temperature rise rate to assess the degassing risk tendency characterization parameters of the raw material to determine whether there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process. A routine adjustment module is used to adjust the predicted frequency of the flash point based on the degassing stability characterization value; The response warning module issues a warning signal in response to the determination result of the degassing assessment module; The degassing state characteristics include the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio and the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment; the liquid surface state characteristics include the liquid surface foam layer coverage area and the foam increase rate; and the flash point fluctuation characteristics include the predicted flash point offset value and the corresponding offset duration.

2. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degassing analysis module is used to calculate the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material, including: The ratio of the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio threshold to the light hydrocarbon gas-liquid transfer ratio is used as the first degassing stability feature. The ratio of the maximum temperature difference of the degassing equipment to the maximum temperature difference threshold is used as the second degassing stability characteristic; The sum of the first degassing stability feature and the second degassing stability feature is used as the degassing stability characterization value.

3. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The degassing analysis module is used to classify the degassing stability of the corresponding raw material degassing process into categories, including: If the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material is greater than or equal to the degassing stability characterization threshold, the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to be of the weak degassing stability category. If the degassing stability characterization value of the raw material is less than the degassing stability characterization threshold, the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to be of the strong degassing stability category.

4. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The analysis and invocation module is used to select whether to invoke the degassing assessment module or the routine adjustment module, including: If the raw material degassing process is classified as weakly stable, then select to call the degassing assessment module; If the raw material degassing process is in the strongly stable degassing category, then select to call the regular adjustment module.

5. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degassing assessment module is used to determine whether the raw material degassing process meets the degassing equilibrium benchmark, including: If the area covered by the foam layer on the liquid surface is greater than the threshold for the area covered by the foam layer on the liquid surface or / and the foam increase rate is greater than the threshold for the foam increase rate, then the raw material degassing process is determined to be inconsistent with the degassing equilibrium benchmark.

6. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degassing assessment module is used to determine whether the raw material degassing process has entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage, including: If the vacuum gradient deviation value is greater than the gradient deviation threshold and the gas flow rate at the degassing port is greater than the gas flow rate threshold at the degassing port, then the raw material degassing process is determined to have entered the gas-liquid imbalance stage.

7. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degassing assessment module is used to assess the degassing risk tendency characterization parameters of the raw material, including: The sum of the ratio of the predicted flash point offset value to the predicted flash point offset threshold and the ratio of the offset duration to the offset duration threshold is used as the first degassing risk feature. The ratio of the temperature rise rate to the temperature rise rate threshold is used as the second degassing risk characteristic; The first degassing risk feature and the second degassing risk feature are weighted and summed to determine the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter.

8. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The degassing assessment module is used to determine whether there are any safety risks in the raw material degassing process, including: If the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter of the raw material is greater than or equal to the threshold of the degassing risk tendency characterization parameter, then the corresponding raw material degassing process is determined to have a safety risk.

9. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conventional adjustment module is used to adjust the predicted frequency of the flash point based on the degassing stability characterization value, including: The predicted frequency of flash point is positively correlated with the degassing stability characterization value.

10. The intelligent control system for crude oil vacuum degassing based on real-time data processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The response and early warning module is used to generate early warning signals, including: If the degassing assessment module determines that there is a safety risk in the raw material degassing process, it will issue an early warning signal.

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