Magnetic sleeve scraping device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sleeve scraping devices, in particular to a magnetic sleeve scraping device which comprises a barrel and a scraping barrel, the middle of the outer side of the barrel is in transmission connection with the scraping barrel, the scraping barrel can slide up and down relative to the barrel, and a plurality of magnetic scraping assemblies are arranged on the outer side of the scraping barrel along the circumference. The magnetic scraping assembly comprises cutting blocks and scraping pieces which are made of permanent magnet materials, a plurality of staggered scraping grooves are formed in the outer side of the scraping cylinder, the cutting blocks are installed on the scraping grooves, and the scraping pieces are arranged on the cutting blocks. The device is reasonable and compact in structure and convenient to use, the magnetic scraping assembly can absorb scraped ferromagnetic substances through magnetism while scraping impurities, the probability that the impurities are scattered to pollute a sleeve is reduced, the risk that equipment is blocked is reduced, large-particle-size impurities are collected through the slag collecting groove, the influence of the impurities on scraping is reduced, and the cleaning effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sleeve scraping device technology, and is a magnetic sleeve scraping device. Background Technology

[0002] Casing scrapers are key tools used in oil drilling, well workover, and well completion operations to clean the inner wall of the casing. Their core function is to remove various debris adhering to the inner wall of the casing, ensuring the smooth implementation of subsequent downhole operations.

[0003] In existing technology, the GGQ type spring scraper mainly consists of a spindle, cutter body, limiting block, pressure block, spring, and screws. Its structural features are: the cutter body is fixedly connected to the pressure block, the spring is positioned between the pressure block and the spindle, and the maximum installation outer diameter of the cutter body is larger than the inner diameter of the target casing. Its working principle is as follows: during the downhole process, the cutter body retracts radially by compressing the spring through the pressure block; after entering the well, the spring releases its elasticity, pushing the pressure block and driving the cutter body to expand radially and adhere tightly to the inner wall of the casing. Through the reciprocating spiral motion of the entire scraper within the tubing string, it completes the scraping operation on the debris adhering to the inner wall of the casing.

[0004] Before this type of scraper is inserted into the well, the radial sliding distance of the pressure block needs to be pre-adjusted according to the actual inner diameter of the target casing to ensure the fitting accuracy between the cutter body and the inner wall of the casing. However, in complex well conditions (such as uneven casing inner diameter, significant differences in the hardness and thickness of attached debris, etc.), debris scatters and easily clogs the equipment when it is flushed back with the workover fluid. Secondly, the spring-loaded scraper has limited adjustable scraping force, resulting in insufficient cleaning effect. The cleaning effect is ensured by increasing the number of up-and-down reciprocating scrapings, which leads to longer operation time and reduced scraping efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a magnetic sleeve scraping device that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. It can effectively solve the problems of chip falling and long scraping time and low efficiency caused by the limited scraping force adjustment during the scraping process of existing scrapers.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a magnetic sleeve scraping device, including a cylinder and a scraping cylinder, wherein the scraping cylinder is drivenly connected to the middle of the outer side of the cylinder, the scraping cylinder can slide up and down relative to the cylinder, and a plurality of magnetic scraping components are provided along the circumference of the outer side of the scraping cylinder, the magnetic scraping components including scraping blocks and scraper blades made of permanent magnet material, and a plurality of staggered scraping grooves are provided on the outer side of the scraping cylinder, scraping blocks are installed on the scraping grooves, and a plurality of scraper blades are provided on the scraping blocks.

[0007] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned technical solution: Preferably, an elastic connection component is provided between the scraper block and the corresponding scraper groove. The elastic connection component includes a second spring and a telescopic slide rod. The telescopic slide rod and the second spring are installed between the scraper block and the bottom of the scraper groove, and the second spring is sleeved on the telescopic slide rod.

[0008] Preferably, the scraping cylinder is provided with several transverse grooves that are connected inside and outside. The transverse grooves are provided with displacement blocks that can slide radially along the scraping cylinder. The outer side of the displacement block is provided with a scraping groove with an outward opening. The inner wall of the displacement block is a wedge-shaped groove with a larger inner diameter at the top and a smaller inner diameter at the bottom. The outer wall of the cylinder is provided with a wedge ring with a larger inner diameter at the top and a smaller inner diameter at the bottom. The outer side of the wedge ring matches the inner side of the wedge-shaped groove.

[0009] Preferably, the upper inner side of the scraper cylinder is provided with several vertical grooves, and the cylinder body is provided with mounting holes corresponding to the positions of the vertical grooves. A vertical slider is installed in the vertical groove, and the inner end of the vertical slider is located in the mounting hole. A transmission cavity is provided at the upper part between the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the scraper cylinder, and a first spring is installed in the transmission cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the lower part of the scraper cylinder is provided with several downward-facing slag collection troughs, which are staggered from the magnetic scraper assembly at the bottom. A hollow collection block is installed at the lower end of the cylinder. The upper and lower parts of the collection block are both conical structures. When the lower side of the scraper cylinder is located on the upper side of the collection block, it can cover the lower opening of the slag collection trough.

[0011] The present invention has a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use. While scraping impurities, the magnetic scraping component can use magnetism to adsorb the scraped ferromagnetic materials, reducing the amount of impurities scattered and contaminating the sleeve, and reducing the risk of equipment blockage. Large-diameter impurities are collected through the slag collection tank, reducing the impact of impurities on scraping and resulting in better cleaning effect. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Appendix Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the vertical slider.

[0014] Appendix Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the magnetic scraping assembly.

[0015] Appendix Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the displacement block.

[0016] Appendix Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the collection tank.

[0017] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Cylinder; 2. Scraping cylinder; 3. Vertical slider; 4. Vertical groove; 5. Transmission cavity; 6. First spring; 7. Scraping groove; 8. Scraping block; 9. Scraper blade; 10. Second spring; 11. Telescopic slide rod; 12. Wedge ring; 13. Horizontal groove; 14. Displacement block; 15. Wedge groove; 16. Collection block; 17. Slag collection trough. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0019] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc. The positional relationships are determined based on the layout direction of the attached diagram in the instruction manual.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1-5 As shown, the magnetic sleeve scraping device includes a cylinder 1 and a scraping cylinder 2. The scraping cylinder 2 is connected to the middle of the outer side of the cylinder 1. The scraping cylinder 2 can slide up and down relative to the cylinder 1. Several magnetic scraping components are provided along the circumference of the outer side of the scraping cylinder 2. The magnetic scraping components include scraping blocks 8 and scraper blades 9 made of permanent magnet material. Several staggered scraping grooves 7 are provided on the outer side of the scraping cylinder 2. Scraping blocks 8 are installed on the scraping grooves 7, and several scraper blades 9 are provided on the scraping blocks 8.

[0021] During operation, the upper part of the cylinder 1 can be connected to drill pipe, tubing, or continuous tubing and lowered into the casing. The cylinder 1 drives the scraping cylinder 2 to reciprocate in a spiral motion, contacting the inner wall of the casing. Several scraper blades 9 move together and continuously scrape the casing wall, effectively removing soft scale, sand, and other debris. This invention utilizes the magnetic properties of permanent magnet materials to actively attract ferromagnetic materials such as perforation burrs and bridge plug debris during the scraping process. After these debris are scraped off, they are directly fixed to the surface of the scraper blades 9 or scraper blocks 8 by magnetic force, preventing them from scattering again and contaminating the casing, significantly improving debris recovery efficiency and operational cleanliness.

[0022] During the well workover fluid circulation flushing process, high-pressure workover fluid is injected from the tubing string and flows through the inner wall of the casing 1, emerging from the bottom of the casing 1. It carries impurities generated during scraping (such as iron filings and magnetic particles) back to the wellhead along the gap between the inner wall of the tubing and the outer wall of the scraper cylinder 2. At this time, the permanent magnet scraper block 8 and scraper blade 9 on the outer side of the scraper cylinder 2 continue to exert magnetic adsorption. Ferromagnetic impurities in the flowing workover fluid that were not initially adsorbed are captured and fixed to the surface of the scraper blade 9 and scraper block 8 due to magnetic force, significantly reducing the impurity content in the return fluid and thus reducing the probability of return fluid blockage. The magnetic design of the scraper blade 9 and scraper block 8 forms a dual cleaning mechanism of "scraping and stripping - initial adsorption - circulation and re-adsorption," which not only prevents ferromagnetic impurities from clogging the filtration equipment after returning to the surface with the workover fluid, reducing subsequent return fluid treatment costs, but also prevents unremoved impurities from redepositing at the bottom of the casing or adhering to the pipe wall, effectively improving the thoroughness and efficiency of the workover operation.

[0023] The above-mentioned magnetic sleeve scraping device can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Example 2: As shown in the attached document Figure 3 As shown, an elastic connection assembly is provided between the scraper block 8 and the corresponding scraper groove 7. The elastic connection assembly includes a second spring 10 and a telescopic slide rod 11. The telescopic slide rod 11 and the second spring 10 are installed between the scraper block 8 and the bottom of the scraper groove 7. The second spring 10 is sleeved on the telescopic slide rod 11.

[0024] When the scraper blade 9 moves with the scraper cylinder 2 and contacts impurities on the inner wall of the casing, if it encounters resistance such as hard scale or metal burrs, the scraper blade 9 and scraper block 8 will slide along the telescopic slide rod 11 into the scraper groove 7 and compress the second spring 10. The elastic deformation of the second spring 10 effectively absorbs the impact energy, preventing the scraper blade 9 from cracking due to rigid collision, while reducing frictional damage between the scraper groove 7 and the scraper block 8, thus extending the service life of the components. In addition, this elastic sliding mechanism gives the scraper block 8 dynamic adjustment capability: when facing impurity layers of different thicknesses inside the casing (such as localized thick scale or thin sand accumulation), the scraper block 8 can automatically adjust its extension amount through the extension and retraction of the second spring 10. That is, when the impurity layer is thick, it pushes the scraper block 8 to compress the spring, maintaining effective contact between the scraper blade 9 and the impurities; when the impurity layer is thin, the rebound force of the second spring 10 pushes the scraper block 8 outward, ensuring that the scraper blade 9 is in close contact with the pipe wall, achieving comprehensive coverage scraping of impurities of different thicknesses, significantly improving operational adaptability and cleaning efficiency.

[0025] Example 3: As shown in the attached document Figure 4As shown, the scraping cylinder 2 is provided with several transverse grooves 13 that are connected inside and out. The transverse grooves 13 are provided with displacement blocks 14 that can slide radially along the scraping cylinder 2. The outer side of the displacement block 14 is provided with a scraping groove 7 with an outward opening. The inner wall of the displacement block 14 is a wedge-shaped groove 15 with a larger inner diameter at the top and a smaller inner diameter at the bottom. The outer wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a wedge ring 12 with a larger inner diameter at the top and a smaller inner diameter at the bottom. The outer side of the wedge ring 12 matches the inner side of the wedge-shaped groove 15.

[0026] When the scraper blade 9 contacts hard impurities (such as calcified scale or metal burrs) on the inner wall of the sleeve, if the scraping resistance is high, it will push the scraper cylinder 2 to slide upward relative to the cylinder body 1. At this time, the wedge ring 12 on the side wall of the cylinder body 1 moves downward relative to the wedge groove 15 of the displacement block 14. When the wedge ring 12 moves downward, it pushes the displacement block 14 to extend outward radially along the cylinder body 1, causing the scraping groove 7 and the scraper block 8 to move outward synchronously, shortening the distance between the scraper blade 9 and the inner wall of the sleeve, and compressing the maximum elastic displacement space of the second spring 10, so that the scraper blade 9 acts on the surface of the impurities in a more rigid contact state, significantly improving the cutting force of a single scraping. There is no need to manually increase the number of reciprocating strokes or plan complex processes in advance. It can automatically enhance the scraping ability according to the real-time scraping resistance, especially achieving a dynamic response of "increasing force when encountering resistance" for hard impurities. This not only improves the work efficiency, but also avoids equipment wear caused by excessive reciprocating strokes, effectively solving the problem of poor adaptability of traditional scrapers.

[0027] Example 4: As shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the upper inner side of the scraper cylinder 2 is provided with several vertical grooves 4, and the cylinder 1 corresponding to the position of the vertical groove 4 is provided with mounting holes. A vertical slider 3 is installed in the vertical groove 4, and the inner end of the vertical slider 3 is located in the mounting hole. A transmission cavity 5 is provided at the upper part between the outer wall of the cylinder 1 and the inner wall of the scraper cylinder 2, and a first spring 6 is installed in the transmission cavity 5.

[0028] By setting the vertical slider 3, vertical groove 4, and mounting hole, the cylinder 1 and the scraper cylinder 2 are connected by transmission. The cylinder 1 can drive the scraper cylinder 2 to move up and down and rotate. By setting the first spring 6, a restoring force is provided for the relative sliding between the scraper cylinder 2 and the cylinder 1. Through the elastic buffer of the first spring 6, the relative sliding process between the scraper cylinder 2 and the cylinder 1 is made smoother, avoiding component damage caused by rigid collision.

[0029] Example 5: As shown in the attached document Figure 5 As shown, the lower part of the scraper cylinder 2 is provided with several downward-facing slag collection grooves 17. The slag collection grooves 17 are offset from the magnetic scraper assembly at the bottom. A hollow collection block 16 is installed at the lower end of the cylinder body 1. The upper and lower parts of the collection block 16 are both conical structures. When the lower side of the scraper cylinder 2 is located on the upper side of the collection block 16, it can cover the lower opening of the slag collection groove 17.

[0030] Under normal conditions, the collecting block 16 is tightly fitted to the bottom of the scraping cylinder 2, keeping the slag collection groove 17 on the side wall of the scraping cylinder 2 closed. The workover fluid flows back along the side wall of the collecting block 16 and passes over the outside of the scraping cylinder 2, carrying only small-diameter impurities back. When the scraping cylinder 2 experiences relative displacement with the cylinder body 1 due to the resistance of hard impurities, the collecting block 16 and the bottom of the scraping cylinder 2 separate synchronously, exposing the previously closed slag collection groove 17. At this time, the workover fluid return path changes, meaning that large-diameter impurities (such as blocky scale and bridge plug fragments) that cannot pass through the gap between the scraping cylinder 2 and the casing are guided into the slag collection groove 17 by the conical structure above and below the collecting block 16. This dynamic collection mechanism requires no additional power and utilizes the natural displacement during the scraping process to trigger the opening of the slag collection groove 17, effectively solving the problem of large-diameter impurities remaining in the well. This avoids secondary interference from impurities to subsequent scraping operations and reduces workover fluid consumption due to repeated flushing, significantly improving the cleanliness and efficiency of downhole operations. The magnetic scraper block 8 and scraper blade 9 can magnetically attract the sidewall of the slag collection tank 17, making the impurities entering the slag collection tank 17 more tightly adsorbed to the tank wall, reducing secondary shedding caused by liquid disturbance, improving the capture efficiency of the slag collection tank 17 for magnetic impurities, avoiding the repeated rolling of impurities in the well interfering with scraping, and reducing the difficulty of separating impurities after well workover fluid return, further enhancing the cleaning effect and reliability of downhole operations.

[0031] The above technical features constitute various embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A magnetic sleeve scraping device, characterized in that... The device includes a cylinder and a scraping cylinder. The scraping cylinder is connected to the outer center of the cylinder and can slide up and down relative to the cylinder. Several magnetic scraping components are provided around the outer circumference of the scraping cylinder. The magnetic scraping components include scraping blocks and scraper blades made of permanent magnet material. Several staggered scraping grooves are provided on the outer side of the scraping cylinder. Scraping blocks are installed on the scraping grooves, and several scraper blades are provided on the scraping blocks. An elastic connection component is provided between the scraping blocks and the corresponding scraping grooves. The elastic connection component includes a second spring and a telescopic slide rod. The telescopic slide rod and the second spring are installed between the scraping blocks and the bottom of the scraping grooves. The second spring is sleeved on the telescopic slide rod. Several transverse grooves that are connected inside and out are provided on the scraping cylinder. Displacement blocks that can slide radially along the scraping cylinder are provided in the transverse grooves. The outer side of the displacement blocks is provided with scraping grooves that open outwards. The inner wall of the displacement blocks is a wedge-shaped groove with a larger inner diameter at the top and a smaller inner diameter at the bottom. The outer wall of the cylinder is provided with a wedge ring with a larger inner diameter at the top and a smaller inner diameter at the bottom. The outer side of the wedge ring matches the inner side of the wedge-shaped groove.

2. The magnetic sleeve scraping device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The upper inner side of the scraper cylinder is provided with several vertical grooves, and the cylinder body is provided with mounting holes corresponding to the positions of the vertical grooves. A vertical slider is installed in the vertical groove, and the inner end of the vertical slider is located in the mounting hole. A transmission cavity is provided at the upper part between the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the scraper cylinder, and a first spring is installed in the transmission cavity.

3. The magnetic sleeve scraping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The lower part of the scraper cylinder is provided with several downward-facing slag collection troughs. The slag collection troughs are staggered from the magnetic scraper assembly at the bottom. A hollow collection block is installed at the lower end of the cylinder. The upper and lower parts of the collection block are both conical structures. When the lower side of the scraper cylinder is located on the upper side of the collection block, it can cover the lower opening of the slag collection trough.

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