Directional grouting device and tunnel reinforcing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and provides a directional grouting device and a tunnel reinforcing method. The directional grouting device comprises a support, a first container, a second container, a grouting pipe, a first grout stopping bag, a second grout stopping bag and a third grout stopping bag, the first grout stopping bag and the second grout stopping bag are located on the two sides of the grout outlet hole respectively, grout is filled in the first grout stopping bag and the second grout stopping bag, and mixed liquid of the grout and coagulant aids is filled in the third grout stopping bag. According to the directional grouting device, a closed area is formed between the first grout stopping bag and the second grout stopping bag, the grouting pressure in the area can be increased and is stable, high-pressure grouting can be achieved, permeation grouting can be well conducted on an area with poor permeability, and meanwhile the grouting efficiency is improved. And during secondary grouting, the grouting holes where grouting is completed can be blocked through the third grout stopping bag, follow-up grout is prevented from overflowing, the grouting amount needed in the current area can be guaranteed, and the high-quality grouting effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a directional grouting device and a tunnel reinforcement method. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction and maintenance, geological conditions are complex and varied. When encountering adverse geological conditions such as fractured surrounding rock, well-developed joints and fissures, or when the tunnel needs to pass under buildings, grouting reinforcement becomes a common and effective method to ensure the stability and safety of the tunnel and prevent settlement of buildings above the tunnel. By using special grouting pipes and construction techniques, it is possible to carry out directional reinforcement according to the actual conditions of the surrounding rock mass, such as the direction of fissures and the location of weak areas.

[0003] The grouting pipes of the grouting device used in directional reinforcement are generally made of rigid or semi-rigid pipes, such as steel pipes or PVC pipes. Their strength is mainly used to withstand the pressure during the grouting process and prevent rupture. The grouting head is usually installed at the end of the grouting pipe. The form is relatively simple. Some are simple open type, and some have several small holes for grout to flow out. Within the normal pressure range, blockage and other failures are rare.

[0004] In some short-term, small-scale grouting operations, this stability has certain value, ensuring that the grouting work can proceed relatively smoothly. However, it is difficult to accurately control the diffusion range and direction of the grout, which can easily lead to uneven grout distribution, potentially causing grout waste and disturbance to unnecessary areas. It may also prevent the formation of an effective reinforcement zone in critical areas, thus reducing the reinforcement effect.

[0005] However, during long-term grouting, the stability of pressure control gradually decreases. If the grouting pressure control is not precise enough, it is easy to under-grout or cause secondary disturbance of the surrounding rock due to excessive pressure. The amount of grout is difficult to control, making it impossible to achieve high-quality grouting reinforcement, which may seriously affect the tunnel structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve, or at least partially solve, the aforementioned technical problem of difficulty in maintaining a high-quality reinforcement effect, this application provides a directional grouting device and a tunnel reinforcement method.

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides a directional grouting device, comprising: support; The first container, mounted on the support, is used to store the slurry; The second container, mounted on the support, is used to store the coagulant aid; Grouting pipe, the grouting pipe is filled with a mixture of the grout and the coagulant, and the grouting pipe is provided with a grout outlet hole; The first and second grout-stop bags are both disposed on the outside of the grouting pipe and are located on both sides of the grout outlet along the axial direction of the grouting pipe. The first and second grout-stop bags are filled with the grout. The third grout-stopping bag is filled with a mixture of the grout and the coagulant, and is used to seal the opening of the grouting hole.

[0008] Optionally, the directional grouting device further includes a mixing pump, which forms an on / off control with the first container and with the second container, and the grouting pipe, the first grout-stopping bag, the second grout-stopping bag, and the third grout-stopping bag are all connected to the mixing pump.

[0009] Optionally, a pressure sensor is installed inside the grouting pipe.

[0010] Optionally, the number of slurry outlet holes is multiple; The plurality of grout outlet holes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the grouting pipe, and / or the plurality of grout outlet holes are spaced apart along the axial direction of the grouting pipe.

[0011] Optionally, a cap is provided at the opening of the grouting pipe to seal the opening, and the second grout-stopping bag covers the outside of the cap.

[0012] Optionally, the directional grouting device further includes a control system, which includes a controller and a detection component. The detection component is used to acquire a geological model, and the controller is configured to adjust and output the grouting location information and grouting volume information based on the geological model.

[0013] Optionally, an installation platform is movably mounted on the bracket, the detection component is mounted on the installation platform, the installation platform is connected to the bracket via a telescopic rod, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to a ball on the installation platform, and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to a ball on the bracket.

[0014] Optionally, the detection components include a ground-penetrating radar module and an acoustic radar module, wherein the center operating frequency of the ground-penetrating radar module is between 12.5MHz and 1200MHz, and the center operating frequency of the acoustic radar module is between 20kHz and 40kHz.

[0015] A second aspect of this application provides a tunnel reinforcement method, constructed using a directional grouting device as described in any of the preceding claims, the tunnel reinforcement method comprising: Insert the grouting pipe into the grouting hole, and place the target reinforcement area between the first and second grout-stopping bags. The slurry in the first container is drawn up and injected into the first and second grout-stopping bags until the first and second grout-stopping bags abut against the wall of the injection hole; The slurry in the first container is drawn from the coagulant in the second container. The slurry and coagulant are mixed and then injected into the grouting pipe. Grouting is then carried out at the target reinforcement location through the grout outlet. After the grout solidifies, the grout from the first and second grout-stop bags is extracted, and the position of the grouting pipe in the grouting hole is adjusted for re-grouting. Place the third grout-stopping bag at the opening of the grouting hole, and inject the mixture of grout and coagulant into the third grout-stopping bag.

[0016] Optionally, the directional grouting device further includes a control system, which includes a controller and a detection component. The detection component is used to acquire a geological model, and the controller is configured to adjust and output grouting location information and injection volume information based on the geological model. Between the steps of inserting the grouting pipe into the grouting hole and placing the target reinforcement area between the first and second grout-stopping bags, the tunnel reinforcement method further includes: The tunnel walls are scanned in advance, and the surrounding environment is processed to obtain a geological model. Based on the geological model, weak areas with cracks, water accumulation areas, or loose areas are identified. The controller is used to adjust the grouting position and filling volume for different areas.

[0017] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: (1) The first and second grout stop bags are both set on the outside of the grouting pipe and are located on both sides of the grout outlet along the axial direction of the grouting pipe. That is, the grouting area is formed between the first and second grout stop bags. The first and second grout stop bags are filled with grout, so that the first and second grout stop bags can both abut against the wall of the grouting hole. The grout in the first container and the coagulant in the second container are mixed and then injected into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe. Under the limiting effect of the first and second grout stop bags, directional grouting in this area can be achieved, avoiding the phenomenon of uncontrolled diffusion. (2) The first and second grout stop bags squeeze the surrounding rock wall, forming a grouting area between the first and second grout stop bags. This area can be closed. Since the two sides of the grout outlet are closed, the grouting pressure in this area can be increased and stabilized, thus achieving high-pressure grouting. This can effectively perform permeable grouting in areas with poor permeability, achieving high-quality reinforcement effect. (3) The grout in the first and second grout bags does not solidify during the working process and can be extracted after the grouting step is completed. This allows for secondary grouting of the grouting hole. At this time, a mixture of grout and coagulant is injected into the third grout bag. After the grout and coagulant solidify, the grouting hole that has been grouted can be sealed through the third grout bag to prevent subsequent grout from overflowing and to ensure the required grouting volume in the current area. This will form an effective reinforcement zone in the target area, meet the grouting requirements, and achieve precise directional reinforcement of the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a directional grouting device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the first and second anti-grouting bags according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the third anti-slurry bag according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. First container; 3. Second container; 4. Grouting pipe; 401. Grout outlet; 402. Pressure sensor; 403. Connecting hose; 5. First grout stop bag; 51. First pipeline; 6. Second grout stop bag; 61. Second pipeline; 7. Third grout stop bag; 71. Third pipeline; 8. Mixing pump; 9. Pipe cap; 10. Installation platform; 11. Telescopic rod; 12. Ball joint; 13. Ground-penetrating radar module; 14. Acoustic radar module; 15. Control panel; 16. Vibration damping mechanism; 17. Drive wheel; 18. Switch valve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the solution of this application will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0023] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application, but this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0024] The directional grouting device and tunnel reinforcement method will be described in detail below through specific embodiments: Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide a directional grouting device, including a support 1, a first container 2, a second container 3, a grouting pipe 4, a first grout-stopping bag 5, a second grout-stopping bag 6, and a third grout-stopping bag 7.

[0025] The first container 2 is set on the support 1 to store slurry, and the second container 3 is set on the support 1 to store coagulant. The grouting pipe 4 is filled with a mixture of slurry and coagulant. The grouting pipe 4 has a slurry outlet hole 401, that is, the slurry in the first container 2 and the coagulant in the second container 3 are mixed and then injected into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe 4.

[0026] The first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6 are both located on the outside of the grouting pipe 4 and on both sides of the grout outlet 401 along the axial direction of the grouting pipe 4. That is, the grouting area is formed between the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6. The first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6 are filled with grout, so that the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6 can both abut against the wall of the grouting hole. The grout in the first container 2 and the coagulant aid in the second container 3 are mixed and then injected into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe 4. Under the limiting effect of the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6, directional grouting in this area can be achieved, avoiding the phenomenon of uncontrolled diffusion.

[0027] The third grout-stopping bag 7 is filled with a mixture of grout and coagulant to seal the opening of the grouting hole. During use, the grouting pipe 4 extends into the pre-drilled grouting hole in the tunnel wall, and grout without coagulant is injected into the first and second grout-stopping bags 5 and 6. The first and second grout-stopping bags 5 and 6 compress the surrounding rock wall, forming a closed grouting area between them. The grout and coagulant from the outlet hole 401 enter this closed area for directional grouting. Because the outlet hole 401 is sealed on both sides, the grouting pressure in this area is increased and stabilized, achieving high-pressure grouting. This allows for effective penetration grouting in areas with poor permeability, resulting in high-quality reinforcement.

[0028] Meanwhile, the grout in the first and second grout-stop bags 5 and 6 does not solidify during the operation and can be extracted after the grouting step is completed. This allows for secondary grouting of the grouting holes. At this time, a mixture of grout and coagulant is injected into the third grout-stop bag 7. After the grout and coagulant solidify, the third grout-stop bag 7 can seal the grouting holes that have been grouted, preventing subsequent grout from overflowing and ensuring the required grouting volume in the current area. This forms an effective reinforcement zone in the target area, meets the grouting requirements, and achieves precise directional reinforcement of the tunnel.

[0029] In practice, the first grout-stopping bag 5, the second grout-stopping bag 6, and the third grout-stopping bag 7 are all made of high-strength fiber materials.

[0030] Specifically, the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the area where the grout outlet 401 is located are kept at a distance of 20 cm, and the second grout-stopping bag 6 and the area where the grout outlet 401 is located are kept at a distance of 20 cm, which can ensure the stability of the grouting area.

[0031] In some embodiments, the directional grouting device further includes a mixing pump 8, which forms an on / off control with the first container 2 and the second container 3. The grouting pipe 4, the first grout stop bag 5, the second grout stop bag 6, and the third grout stop bag 7 are all connected to the mixing pump 8. That is, when the mixing pump 8 is connected to both the first container 2 and the second container 3, the slurry in the first container 2 and the coagulant aid in the second container 3 can enter the grouting pipe 4 or the third grout stop bag 7 after being mixed by the mixing pump 8. When the mixing pump 8 is connected to the first container 2 but not to the second container 3, the mixing pump 8 can inject the slurry into the first grout stop bag 5 and the second grout stop bag 6.

[0032] Specifically, the first grout stop bag 5, the second grout stop bag 6 and the third grout stop bag 7 are all equipped with grouting joints, and the mixing pump 8 can perform grouting by connecting to the grouting joints.

[0033] Among them, the grouting pipe 4 can be connected to the mixing pump 8 through the connecting hose 403, the first grout stop bag 5 can be connected to the mixing pump 8 through the first pipeline 51, the second grout stop bag 6 can be connected to the mixing pump 8 through the second pipeline 61, and the third grout stop bag 7 can be connected to the mixing pump 8 through the third pipeline 71.

[0034] In practice, the mixing pump 8 can adjust the mixing ratio of slurry and coagulant to adapt to different geological conditions and meet various grouting needs. Specifically, the on / off control between the mixing pump 8 and the first container 2, as well as between the mixing pump 8 and the second container 3, can be achieved through solenoid valves, which can be configured according to actual needs.

[0035] Furthermore, the distance h between the third grout-stopping bag 7 and the grouting hole opening can be greater than or equal to 0.5m to prevent grout from overflowing.

[0036] In some embodiments, a pressure sensor 402 is installed inside the grouting pipe 4. Specifically, the pressure sensor 402 inside the grouting pipe 4 transmits real-time pressure data to a monitoring terminal. Construction personnel can adjust the pressure output of the mixing pump 8 in a timely manner by observing the pressure change curve displayed on the monitoring terminal, ensuring that the grouting pressure is always within a reasonable range, thereby achieving controllable grouting pressure and guaranteeing the grouting effect.

[0037] In some embodiments, there are multiple grout outlet holes 401. Grouting can be achieved through multiple grout outlet holes 401, and the grout can be uniformly injected from the grouting pipe 4 into the grouting holes, reducing the occurrence of uneven grouting. The multiple grout outlet holes 401 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the grouting pipe 4, and / or, the multiple grout outlet holes 401 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the grouting pipe 4. This arrangement can achieve multi-dimensional grouting from the grouting pipe 4, thereby improving grouting efficiency.

[0038] For example, the multiple slurry outlet holes 401 can be arranged in three groups in the circumferential direction, with the three groups evenly distributed at 120° intervals. In the axial direction, they can be arranged in multiple rows, specifically, they can be arranged side by side or staggered.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 As shown, a cap 9 is installed at the opening of the grouting pipe 4 to seal the opening, and a second grout-stopping bag 6 covers the outside of the cap 9. It can be understood that the cap 9 serves to restrain the grout, ensuring that the grout flows evenly from the outlet hole 401 on the side of the grouting pipe 4, rather than being squeezed out from the opening at the end of the grouting pipe 4. Simultaneously, the second grout-stopping bag 6 covering the outside of the cap 9 prevents leakage at the cap 9, improving the reliability of the pipe opening seal.

[0040] In some embodiments, the directional grouting device further includes a control system, which includes a controller and a detection component. The controller and the detection component are communicatively connected. The detection component is used to acquire a geological model. The controller is configured to adjust and output grouting location information and grouting volume information based on the geological model.

[0041] Understandably, before grouting, a detailed preliminary investigation of the tunnel wall is required using detection components to obtain a geological model, including but not limited to comprehensively and accurately identifying abnormal areas such as weak areas, water accumulation areas, or loose areas to be grouted. The controller can adjust the grouting position and filling volume for different areas, thereby adjusting the pressure output of the mixing pump 8 in a timely manner to ensure that the grouting pressure is always within a reasonable range and to achieve controllable grouting pressure.

[0042] Then, a professional drilling machine is used to drill holes in the tunnel wall. During the drilling process, the abnormal areas marked in advance are strictly surrounded, and the grouting holes are reasonably arranged on the grouting pipe 4 according to their distribution direction.

[0043] Specifically, the controller is also connected to a pressure sensor. The controller can adjust the output pressure of the mixing pump 8 in real time according to the actual grouting pressure in the grouting pipe 4 obtained by the pressure sensor, so as to ensure the grouting pressure of the area to be reinforced and ensure the reinforcement effect.

[0044] In specific implementation, refer to Figure 1 As shown, a mounting platform 10 is movably mounted on the support 1, and the detection component is mounted on the mounting platform 10. The mounting platform 10 and the support 1 are connected by a telescopic rod 11, with one end of the telescopic rod 11 connected to a ball joint on the mounting platform 10 and the other end connected to a ball joint on the support 1. In other words, the mounting platform 10 can move relative to the support 1 to adjust the position of the detection component on the mounting platform 10, enabling scanning of the tunnel wall perimeter and improving scanning accuracy.

[0045] Specifically, the telescopic rod 11 can be a hydraulic rod. One end of the telescopic rod 11 is connected to the installation platform 10, and the other end is connected to the bracket 1 through a ball joint 12. By adjusting the different heights of the four hydraulic rods and cooperating with the ball joint 12, the installation platform 10 can be raised and lowered and its angle adjusted within a small range.

[0046] In practice, the detection components include a ground-penetrating radar module 13 and an acoustic radar module 14. The center operating frequency of the ground-penetrating radar module 13 is between 12.5MHz and 1200MHz, and the center operating frequency of the acoustic radar module 14 is between 20kHz and 40kHz. It is understood that the ground-penetrating radar module 13 and the acoustic radar module 14 can scan for weak areas with cracks, water accumulation areas, loose areas, etc., allowing for targeted adjustments to the grouting pressure to address different abnormal areas.

[0047] In some embodiments, the support 1 is provided with a drive device for real-time detection and grouting during movement. The drive device includes at least a drive wheel 17, i.e., the motor and wheel are integrated into one structure, or it includes a drive motor and a traveling wheel. Furthermore, the support 1 is also provided with a vibration damping mechanism 16 to reduce the impact of vibration on the components of the support 1.

[0048] The support 1 is equipped with an operation panel 15 to facilitate viewing geological conditions and operating the ground radar module 13 and the sonic radar module 14, as well as to facilitate control of whether the coagulant is added.

[0049] Furthermore, the grouting pipe 4 is formed into a flexible hose structure, which has the characteristics of high strength, making it convenient for construction personnel to use and perform high-pressure grouting. The grouting pipe 4 is equipped with a switch valve 18 to control whether the grouting operation is carried out.

[0050] Other embodiments of this application provide a tunnel reinforcement method, which is constructed using a directional grouting device as described in any of the above embodiments. The tunnel reinforcement method includes: S1. Insert the grouting pipe 4 into the grouting hole, and place the target reinforcement area between the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6. That is, the position between the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6 corresponds to the area to be reinforced.

[0051] S2. Draw up the slurry in the first container 2 and inject it into the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6 until the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6 abut against the hole wall of the grouting hole, so that a sealed area is formed between the first grout-stopping bag 5, the second grout-stopping bag 6 and the hole wall of the grouting hole of the area to be reinforced.

[0052] S3. The slurry in the first container 2 is drawn up, and the coagulant in the second container 3 is drawn up. The slurry and coagulant are mixed and then injected into the grouting pipe 4. Grouting is carried out at the target reinforcement position through the grout outlet 401.

[0053] S4. After the grout solidifies, extract the grout from the first grout stop bag 5 and the second grout stop bag 6, and adjust the position of the grouting pipe 4 in the grouting hole for re-grouting.

[0054] S5. Place the third grout-stopping bag 7 at the opening of the grouting hole, and inject the mixture of grout and coagulant into the third grout-stopping bag 7 so that the grouting hole after grouting can be sealed by the third grout-stopping bag 7 to prevent subsequent grout overflow.

[0055] In some embodiments, between the steps of inserting the grouting pipe 4 into the grouting hole and placing the target reinforcement area correspondingly between the first grout-stopping bag 5 and the second grout-stopping bag 6, i.e. before step S1, the tunnel reinforcement method further includes: Before grouting, a geological model is obtained by scanning the tunnel walls and processing the surrounding environment. Based on the geological model, weak areas with cracks, water accumulation areas, or loose areas are identified. The controller then adjusts the grouting location and injection volume for different areas. In other words, before grouting, a detailed preliminary survey of the tunnel walls is conducted using detection components to obtain a geological model. This includes, but is not limited to, comprehensively and accurately identifying abnormal areas such as weak areas, water accumulation areas, or loose areas to be grouted. Grouting reinforcement operations are then carried out on these abnormal areas.

[0056] In some embodiments, if an area rich in water and soft rock is encountered during construction, a ring of grouting holes needs to be arranged around the area at certain intervals, with a main grouting hole located at the center. During construction, grout is first injected into the surrounding grouting holes. After the grout has solidified to a certain strength over a certain period of time, grout is then injected into the main grouting hole. In this way, by adjusting the pre-drilled hole direction and performing step-by-step grouting, the grouting direction can be effectively controlled.

[0057] It should be noted that during the grouting process, the operator can flexibly adjust the position of the first grout stop bag 5 and the second grout stop bag 6 by adjusting the depth and angle of the grouting pipe 4 inserted into the grouting hole according to the actual situation on site.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0059] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to these embodiments, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A directional grouting device, characterized in that, include: Support (1); The first container (2) is disposed on the support (1) and is used to store the slurry; The second container (3) is disposed on the support (1) and is used to store the coagulant aid; Grouting pipe (4), the grouting pipe (4) is filled with a mixture of the grout and the coagulant, and the grouting pipe (4) is provided with a grout outlet (401). The first grout stop bag (5) and the second grout stop bag (6) are both located on the outside of the grouting pipe (4) and on both sides of the grout outlet (401) along the axial direction of the grouting pipe (4). The first grout stop bag (5) and the second grout stop bag (6) are filled with the grout. The third grout-stopping bag (7) is filled with a mixture of the grout and the coagulant, and is used to seal the opening of the grouting hole.

2. The directional grouting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional grouting device also includes a mixing pump (8), which forms an on / off control with the first container (2) and with the second container (3). The grouting pipe (4), the first grout stop bag (5), the second grout stop bag (6), and the third grout stop bag (7) are all connected to the mixing pump (8).

3. The directional grouting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor (402) is installed inside the grouting pipe (4).

4. The directional grouting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the slurry outlet holes (401) is multiple; The plurality of grout outlet holes (401) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the grouting pipe (4), and / or the plurality of grout outlet holes (401) are spaced apart along the axial direction of the grouting pipe (4).

5. The directional grouting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting pipe (4) is provided with a pipe cap (9) at the pipe opening for sealing the pipe opening, and the second grout-stopping bag (6) covers the outside of the pipe cap (9).

6. The directional grouting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional grouting device also includes a control system, which includes a controller and a detection component. The detection component is used to acquire a geological model, and the controller is configured to adjust and output the grouting location information and grouting volume information based on the geological model.

7. The directional grouting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, An installation platform (10) is movably mounted on the bracket (1). The detection component is mounted on the installation platform (10). The installation platform (10) is connected to the bracket (1) via a telescopic rod (11). One end of the telescopic rod (11) is connected to the ball of the installation platform (10), and the other end of the telescopic rod (11) is connected to the ball of the bracket (1).

8. The directional grouting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The detection components include a ground-penetrating radar module (13) and an acoustic radar module (14). The center operating frequency of the ground-penetrating radar module (13) is between 12.5MHz and 1200MHz, and the center operating frequency of the acoustic radar module (14) is between 20kHz and 40kHz.

9. A tunnel reinforcement method, characterized in that, The tunnel reinforcement method, performed using the directional grouting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprises: Insert the grouting pipe into the grouting hole, and place the target reinforcement area between the first and second grout-stopping bags. The slurry in the first container is drawn up and injected into the first and second grout-stopping bags until the first and second grout-stopping bags abut against the wall of the injection hole; The slurry in the first container is drawn from the coagulant in the second container. The slurry and coagulant are mixed and then injected into the grouting pipe. Grouting is then carried out at the target reinforcement location through the grout outlet. After the grout solidifies, the grout from the first and second grout-stop bags is extracted, and the position of the grouting pipe in the grouting hole is adjusted for re-grouting. Place the third grout-stopping bag at the opening of the grouting hole, and inject the mixture of grout and coagulant into the third grout-stopping bag.

10. The tunnel reinforcement method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The directional grouting device also includes a control system, which includes a controller and a detection component. The detection component is used to acquire a geological model, and the controller is configured to adjust and output grouting location information and injection volume information based on the geological model. Between the steps of inserting the grouting pipe into the grouting hole and placing the target reinforcement area between the first and second grout-stopping bags, the tunnel reinforcement method further includes: The tunnel walls are scanned in advance, and the surrounding environment is processed to obtain a geological model. Based on the geological model, weak areas with cracks, water accumulation areas, or loose areas are identified. The controller is used to adjust the grouting position and filling volume for different areas.

Images